As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on January 31, 2023
Registration No. [*]
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware | 2834 | 45-2406880 |
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1025 Connecticut Avenue NW Suite 1000
Washington, D.C. 20036
202-327-5422
Geoffrey S. Dow
President and Chief Executive Officer
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
1025 Connecticut Avenue NW Suite 1000
Washington, D.C. 20036
(202) 327-5422
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
| Ross D. Carmel, Esq. | David Ficksman, Esq. |
| Anthony Patel, Esq. | Joilene Wood, Esq. |
| Carmel, Milazzo & Feil LLP | TroyGould PC |
| 55 West 39th Street, 18th Floor | 1801 Century Park East, Suite 1600 |
| New York, New York 10018 | Los Angeles, CA 90067 |
| Telephone: (212) 658-0458 | Telephone: (310) 789-1290 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 check the following box. ☒
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer ¨ | Accelerated filer ¨ |
| Non-accelerated filer ¨ | Smaller reporting company x |
| Emerging growth company x |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ¨
The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission acting pursuant to said section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state or other jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JANUARY 31, 2023
PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS
Units
Each Consisting of One Share of Common Stock and
One Warrant to Purchase One Share of Common Stock
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
This is an initial public offering of securities of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. We are offering units, each unit consisting of one share of common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of common stock. The units have no stand-alone rights and will not be certificated or issued as stand-alone securities. The shares of common stock and the warrants comprising the units are immediately separable and will be issued separately in this offering. Each warrant is immediately exercisable on the date of issuance and will expire five years from the date of issuance.
This offering also includes the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the warrants. The warrants will be issued in book-entry form pursuant to a warrant agent agreement (the “Warrant Agent Agreement”) between us and Equity Stock Transfer, LLC, who will be acting as the warrant agent (the “Warrant Agent”).
We currently estimate that the offering price will be between $4.15 and $6.15 per unit and the exercise price per warrant will be between $4.7725 and $7.0725 (115% of the offering price per unit).
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. We have applied to have our common stock listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SXTP.” This offering is contingent upon final approval of our listing application with The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in listing our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market. We have not and do not intend to apply for listing of the warrants on any exchange or market.
We intend to use the proceeds from this offering for general corporate purposes, including working capital. See “Use of Proceeds.”
This prospectus also relates to the resale or other disposition, from time to time, by the selling stockholders identified in this prospectus under the caption “Selling Stockholders” (collectively, the “Selling Stockholders”), of up to 1,912,202 shares of our common stock. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale or other disposition of shares by the Selling Stockholders. The Selling Stockholders will bear all commissions and discounts, if any, attributable to the sale or other disposition of the shares. We will bear all costs, expenses and fees in connection with the registration of the Selling Stockholders’ shares.
The Selling Stockholders may sell or otherwise dispose of their shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus from time to time on terms to be determined at the time of sale through ordinary brokerage transactions or through any other means described in this prospectus under “Selling Stockholders—Plan of Distribution.” The prices at which the Selling Stockholder may sell the shares will be determined by the prevailing market price for the shares or in negotiated transactions. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the common stock by the Selling Stockholders.
Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page [*] of this prospectus for a discussion of information that should be considered in connection with an investment in our securities.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and have elected to comply with certain reduced public company reporting requirements. See “Summary—Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and Smaller Reporting Company.”
| Per Unit | Total | |||||
| Initial public offering price | $ | $ | ||||
| Underwriting discounts and commissions(1)(2) | $ | $ | ||||
| Proceeds, before expenses, to us | $ | $ |
| (1) | Represents underwriting discount and commissions equal to $ per unit. |
| (2) | Does not include a non-accountable expense allowance equal to 1.5% of the gross proceeds of this offering, payable to WallachBeth Capital LLC, as representative of the underwriters (the “Representative”), or the reimbursement of certain expenses of the underwriters. See “Underwriting” beginning on page [*] of this prospectus for additional information regarding underwriting compensation. |
In addition to the underwriting discounts listed above and the non-accountable expense allowance described in the footnote, we have agreed to issue upon the closing of this offering to the Representative, warrants that will expire on the fifth anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, entitling the Representative to purchase 6% of the number of shares of common stock sold in this offering (excluding shares of common stock sold to cover over-allotments, if any) (the “Representative Warrants”). The registration statement of which this prospectus is a part also covers the Representative Warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise thereof. For additional information regarding our arrangement with the underwriters, please see “Underwriting” beginning on page [*].
We have granted the Representative an option to purchase from us, at the public offering price, up to additional shares of common stock and warrants units, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, within 45 days from the date of this prospectus to cover over-allotments, if any. If the Representative exercises the option in full, the total underwriting discounts and commissions payable will be $ , and the total proceeds to us, before expenses, will be $ .
The underwriters expect to deliver the securities against payment on or about ______________, 2023.
Sole Book-Running Manager
WallachBeth Capital LLC
Prospectus dated ______________, 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Through and including ______________, 2023 (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriter and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or amendment. Neither we, nor the underwriters, have authorized any other person to provide you with information that is different from, or adds to, that contained in this prospectus. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. Neither we nor the underwriters take responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. You should assume that the information contained in this prospectus or any free writing prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since that date. We are not making an offer of any securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer is unlawful.
No action is being taken in any jurisdiction outside the United States to permit a public offering of our securities or possession or distribution of this prospectus in that jurisdiction. Persons who come into possession of this prospectus in jurisdictions outside the United States are required to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions as to this public offering and the distribution of this prospectus applicable to that jurisdiction.
Throughout this prospectus, unless otherwise designated or the context suggests otherwise,
| • | all references to the “Company,” “60P,” the “registrant,” “we,” “our,” or “us” in this prospectus mean 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and 60P Australia Pty Ltd, an Australian proprietary company limited by shares, its wholly owned subsidiary; |
| • | assumes an initial public offering price of our units of $5.15 per unit, the midpoint of the estimated range of $4.15 and $6.15; |
| • | “year” or “fiscal year” means the year ending December 31; and |
| • | all dollar or $ references, when used in this prospectus, refer to United States dollars. |
Except as otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes that:
| • | no shares of common stock have been issued pursuant to (i) the conversion of certain of our outstanding debt and (ii) certain consultant agreements; |
| • | no shares of common stock have been issued pursuant to any warrants; |
| • | no shares of common stock have been issued pursuant to the Representative’s over-allotment option; |
| • | no shares of common stock have been issued pursuant to the Representative Warrants; and |
| • | we have filed our amended and restated certificate of incorporation to include a statement that the exclusive forum provision does not apply to claims arising under federal securities laws, of which will be filed immediately prior to the closing of this offering. |
Solely for convenience, our trademarks and tradenames referred to in this prospectus, may appear without the ® or ™ symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate in any way that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to these trademarks and tradenames. All other trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus or the accompanying prospectus are the property of their respective owners.
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The following are definitions of certain terms that are commonly used in the medical industry and in this prospectus:
“8-aminoquinoline” refers to the structural class of antimalarials to which tafenoquine and primaquine belong. 8-aminoquinolines are characterized by the presence of an 8-amino substitution on their core quinoline ring, which confers their unique properties including an oxidative mode of action and activity against the relapsing liver forms of Plasmodium vivax.
“API” means active pharmaceutical ingredient, the active molecule contained in a pharmaceutical product.
“Arakoda” means ARAKODA®, the 60P-owned and FDA-approved product to prevent malaria in travelers, which contains as its active pharmaceutical ingredient, tafenoquine succinate.
“broad spectrum of action” refers to a molecule or drug that is active against a range of different pathogens.
“CAR/T” means chimeric antigen receptor therapy.
“CLIA” means The Clinical Laboratory Improvements Amendment of 1988.
“dengue” means a mosquito-borne viral disease occurring in tropical and subtropical areas.
“DMID” means Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.
“EUA” means Emergency Use Authorization.
“G6PD” means glucose-60-phosphate dehydrogenase.
“GMP” means Good Manufacturing Practices.
“IND” means investigational new drug application.
“Kodatef” is the brand name of Arakoda outside the United States. Kodatef has been approved for use in Australia by the Therapeutic Goods Administration.
“legacy studies” is a reference to the collection of clinical and non-clinical studies involving tafenoquine, which were conducted by the U.S. Army prior to 2014, and which were included in the new drug application submitted by 60P to the FDA in 2018. Some of those legacy studies are described in the account of the Army development program published by Zottig et. al.
“mode of action” is the process by which an anti-infective or other pharmaceutical product is known or suspected to affect a disease process. This process is different for each drug and may or may not be known at the time of FDA approval.
“named-patient” use of a drug refers to the prescription by a physician of a drug to one of their patients in a jurisdiction in which the prescribed drug has not received marketing authorization, but is believed by said physician to be safe and medically necessary. Also, sometimes referred to as “compassionate use.”
“NIH” means the National Institutes of Health.
“PDUFA” means The Prescription Drug User Fee Act.
“PMA” means Premarket Approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
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“primaquine” is the FDA-approved antimalarial from which tafenoquine is chemically derived.
“P. vivax” is an abbreviation for Plasmodium vivax, one of the two most important malaria parasites, characterized by its ability to relapse utilizing a dormant life cycle stage that persists in the human liver following a bite from an infected mosquito.
“RSV” means respiratory syncytial virus, which is a common respiratory virus that usually causes cold-like symptoms.
“repositioned molecule” is one which was approved by the FDA or other regulatory authorities to treat one disease, and is being developed for a new disease.
“tafenoquine” is the shortened name of the active ingredient of Arakoda and Kodatef, tafenoquine succinate.
“TGA” is the Therapeutic Goods Administration, the Australian equivalent of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
“TMPRSS2” means transmembrane protease, serine 2, which is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TMPRSS2 gene, and belongs to the TMPRSS family of proteins, whose members are transmembrane proteins which have a serine protease activity.
In connection with presentation of scientific data, this prospectus references “P-values” at various points. These values are provided to convey the likelihood of a particular set of data occurring by chance. For example, a P-value of 0.12 associated with a stand-alone, pre-conceived hypothesis is generally understood to mean that the likelihood of that particular outcome occurring purely by chance is 12%. It is scientific convention that a particular observation is “proven” if its associated P value is lower than 0.05 (i.e., associated with a likelihood of occurring by chance of < 5%). However, clinical observations of interest are routinely reported in the peer-reviewed scientific literature even if their associated P-values are > 0.05, because they may represent important therapeutic signals, and motivate additional research. With the exception of the data reported in Figure B, the efficacy data described herein related to our COVID-19 program and Arakoda have been published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.1 P-values presented herein are not corrected for multiple comparison error, and represent the outcomes of both pre-conceived, and post-hoc, analyses.
USE of PRODUCT VERSUS GENERIC NAMES
Solely for convenience, brand names of products owned by 60P (Arakoda and Kodatef) are used where reference is made to the commercial product or use of the commercial product at the FDA (or TGA) for approved dosing in clinical studies. Where the active ingredient of Arakoda and Kodatef, tafenoquine, was tested in cell culture, animals, or at doses in clinical studies which differs from the FDA-approved dose, the molecular name (tafenoquine) is used.
Market data and certain industry data and forecasts used throughout this prospectus were obtained from internal company surveys, market research, consultant surveys, publicly available information, reports of governmental agencies and industry publications and surveys. Industry surveys, publications, consultant surveys and forecasts generally state that the information contained therein has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but the accuracy and completeness of such information is not guaranteed. To our knowledge, certain third-party industry data that includes projections for future periods does not take into account the effects of the worldwide coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Accordingly, those third-party projections may be overstated and should not be given undue weight. Forecasts are particularly likely to be inaccurate, especially over long periods of time. In addition, we do not necessarily know what assumptions regarding general economic growth were used in preparing the forecasts we cite. Statements regarding our market position are based on the most currently available data. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding the industry data presented in this prospectus, our estimates involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” in this prospectus.
1 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 47:100986.
2 Id.
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This summary provides a brief overview of the key aspects of our business and our securities. The reader should read the entire prospectus carefully, especially the risks of investing in our securities discussed under “Risk Factors.” Some of the statements contained in this prospectus, including statements under “Summary” and “Risk Factors” as well as those noted in the documents incorporated herein by reference, are forward-looking statements and may involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and future events may differ significantly based upon a number of factors. The reader should not put undue reliance on the forward-looking statements in this document, which speak only as of the date on the cover of this prospectus.
Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to “60P,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its wholly owned subsidiary.
Overview
We are a growth-oriented specialty pharmaceutical company with a goal of using cutting-edge biological science and applied research to further develop and commercialize new therapies for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. We have successfully achieved regulatory approval of Arakoda, a malaria preventative treatment that has been on the market since late 2019. Currently, 60P’s pipeline under development covers development programs for COVID-19, fungal, tick-borne, and other viral diseases through Arakoda and Celgosivir.
Mission
Our mission is to address the unmet medical need associated with infectious diseases, through the development and commercialization of new small molecule therapeutics, focusing on synthetic drugs (made by chemists in labs, excluding biologics) with good safety profiles based on prior clinical studies, in order to reduce cost, risk, and capitalize on existing research. We are seeking to expand Arakoda’s use for malaria prevention and to demonstrate clinical benefit for other disease indications. We are further testing the viability of another product (Celgosivir) to determine whether to advance it into further clinical development, and may seek to develop and license other molecules in the future. Celgosivir is being developed for COVID-19, RSV and dengue.
Market Opportunity
In 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) approved Arakoda for malaria prevention in individuals 18 years and older, an indication for which there has historically been approximately 550,000 prescriptions (one prescription per three weeks of travel) in the United States each year for the current market-leading product (atovaquone-proguanil). Arakoda entered the U.S. supply chain in the third quarter of 2019, just prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. As the approved indication is for travel medicine, and international travel was substantially impacted by the pandemic, we did not undertake any active marketing efforts for Arakoda. Targeted marketing efforts will commence in 2023 to promote the malaria indication as resources permit, although we expect our primary efforts to be developing Arakoda for other applications.
We are developing Arakoda for non-malaria indications to address several therapeutic indications that have substantial U.S. caseloads, as further described below:
| • | Treatment of COVID-19. According to The New York Times, the lowest daily case rate for the COVID-19 virus since March 2020 based on a seven day average has not typically been below 11,000 cases. Assuming this trend continues, this dynamic translates into a potential market size of at least 4,000,000 cases per year in 2023 and future years. Paxlovid and molnupiravir have received emergency use authorization for the prevention of death and hospitalization in individuals with high risk of disease progression and their use for those purposes continues to be recommended by public health experts. However, to our knowledge, there is not published evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials that either drug reduces the time to sustained clinical recovery for four or more days in standard risk patients infected with contemporary viral strains, and Pfizer has formally abandoned efforts related to this endpoint for paxlovid.3 If proven effective for early relief of COVID-19 symptoms in standard risk COVID-19 patients, Arakoda could fulfill a patient’s need unmet by the approved antivirals. |
3 Press release: https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-reports-additional-data-paxlovidtm-supporting.
| 4 |
| • | Treatment and Post-Exposure Prevention of Tick-Borne Diseases. There are at least 47,000 cases of babesiosis (red blood cell infections caused by deer tick bites) in the United States each year. This estimate is based on the observations of Krugeler2 who reported that 476,000 cases of Lyme disease occur in U.S. states where babesiosis is endemic and Krause et. al. who reported that 10% of Lyme disease patients are co-infected with babesiosis (thus 476,000*10% = 47,600 cases of babesiosis per year).1 Furthermore, post-exposure prophylaxis following a tick-bite is a recognized indication to prevent Lyme disease, and it is likely that a drug proven to be effective for this indication for babesiosis would also be used in conjunction with Lyme prophylaxis. There may be more than 400,000 tick bites in the United States requiring medical treatment each year. This estimate is based on the observation that approximately 50,000 tick bites are treated in U.S. hospital emergency rooms each year but this calculation represents only about 12% of actual treated tick bites based on observations from comparable ex-U.S health systems.6 Arakoda has the potential to be added to the existing standard of care for treatment of babesiosis, and to be a market leading product for pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis of babesiosis. |
| • | Prevention of fungal pneumonias. There are up to ~ 91-92,000 new medical conditions each year in the United States including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (up to 6.540 cases) and large B-cell lymphoma (up to 18,000 cases) patients receiving CAR-T therapy, solid organ transplant patients (up to 42,887 cases), allogeneic (~ 9,000 cases) and autologous (~ 15,000 cases) hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients for whom the use of antifungal prophylaxis is recommended.2 Despite the availability and use of antifungal prophylaxis, the risk of some patient groups contracting fungal pneumonia exceeds the risk of contracting malaria during travel to West Africa.8 Arakoda has the potential to be added to existing standard of care regimens for the prevention of fungal pneumonias. |
| • | Treatment of Candida infections. According to the Centers for Diseases Control (CDC), there are 50,000 cases of candidiasis (a type of fungal infection) each year in the United States and up to 1,900 clinical cases of C. auris, for which there are few available treatments, have been reported to date3 Arakoda has the potential to be a market leading therapy for treatment/prevention of C. auris, and to be added to the standard of care regimens for other Candida infections. |
1 Krause et al JAMA 1996;275:1657-16602. Emerg Infect Dis 2021;27:616-619
2 See statistics for solid organ transplants at the Organ Transplant and Procurement Network at: National data - OPTN (hrsa.gov); See statistics for hematopoietic stem cell transplant in Dsouza et al Biology of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation 202;26: e177-e182; See statistics for acute lymphoblastic leukemia at: Key Statistics for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) (cancer.org); See statistics for large cell large B-cell lymphoma at; Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma - Lymphoma Research Foundation; Treatment guidelines recommending antifungal prophylaxis for these diseases can be reviewed in (i) Fishman et al Clinical Transplantation. 2019;33:e13587, (ii) Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (cancernetwork.com), (iii) Cooper et al Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2016;14:882-913 and (iv) Los Arcos et al Infection (2021) 49:215–231.
3 https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/invasive/statistics.html.; Tracking Candida auris | Candida auris | Fungal Diseases | CDC.
Dengue and RSV, both afflictions against which 60P’s early clinical candidates (e.g., Celgosivir) show potential in non-clinical studies, are associated with at least 2.46 million cases globally according to the European CDC (dengue) 8 and about 200,000 hospitalizations (RSV) in children less than five years of age and adults greater than 65 years of age in the United States each year according to the CDC.11
More information about our products is provided in the next section, and the status of various development efforts for the above-mentioned diseases is outlined in Figure A, below.
Figure A
4 Emerg Infect Dis 2021;27:616-619.
5 Clin Infect Dis 2022;72:185-189.
6 Marx et. al., MMWR 2021;70:612-616.
7 Calculated based on information from the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network, National Data: https://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/data/view-data-reports/national-data/#; Heffelfinger J et al, 2009 Nonadherence to Primary Prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, PLoS One. 10.1371/journal.pone.0005002; Fishman et al 2019, Pneumocystis jiroveci in solid organ transplantation: guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice NCCN Guidelines Version 1.2020, Prevention and Treatment of Cancer-related infections.
8 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 45: 100964.
9 https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/invasive/statistics.html.
10 Dengue worldwide overview (europa.eu).
11 RSV Trends and Surveillance | CDC.
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Products
Arakoda
We entered into a cooperative research and development agreement with the United States Army in 2014 to complete development of Arakoda for prevention of malaria.12 With the U.S. Army, and other private sector entities as partners, we coordinated the execution of two clinical trials, development of a full manufacturing package, gap-filling non-clinical studies, compilation of a full regulatory dossier, successful defense of our program at an FDA advisory committee meeting, and submitted an NDA to the FDA in 2018. The history of that collaboration has been publicly communicated by the U.S. Army.13
The FDA and Australia’s medicinal regulatory agency, Therapeutic Goods Administration, subsequently approved Arakoda and Kodatef (brand name in Australia), respectively, for prevention of malaria in travelers in 2018. Prescribing information and guidance for patients can be found at www.arakoda.com. The features and benefits of tafenoquine for malaria prophylaxis (marketed as ARAKODA in the United States), some of which have been noted by third party experts, include: convenient once weekly dosing following a three day load; the absence of reports of drug resistance during malaria prophylaxis; activity against liver and blood stages of malaria as well as both the major malaria species (Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum); absence of any black-box safety warnings; good tolerability including in women and individuals with prior psychiatric medical history, and a comparable adverse event rate to placebo with up to 12 months continuous dosing.4 Tafenoquine entered the commercial supply chains in the U.S. (as Arakoda) and Australia (as Kodatef) in the third quarter of 2019.
The only limitation of Arakoda is the requirement for a G6PD test prior to administration.15 The G6PD test must be administered to a prospective patient prior to administration of Arakoda in order to prevent the potential occurrence of hemolytic anemia in individuals with G6PD deficiency.16 G6PD is one of the most common enzyme deficiencies and is implicated in hemolysis following administration/ingestion of a variety of oxidant drugs/food. G6PD must also be ruled out as a possible cause when diagnosing neonatal jaundice. As a consequence, G6PD testing is widely available in the United States through commercial pathology service providers (e.g., Labcorp, Quest Diagnostics, etc). Although these tests have a turn-around time of up to 72 hours, the test needs only to be administered once. Thus, existing U.S. testing infrastructure is sufficient to support the FDA-approved use of the product (malaria prevention) by members of the armed forces (who automatically have a G6PD test when they enlist), civilian travelers with a long planning horizon or repeat travelers.
4 Tan and Hwang Journal of Travel Medicine, 2018, 1–2; Baird Journal of Travel Medicine 2018:, 1–13; Schlagenhauf et al Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2022; 46:102268; See Arakoda prescribing information at www.arakoda.com; McCarthy et al CID 2019:69:480-486; Dow et al. Malar J (2015) 14:473; Dow et al. Malaria Journal 2014, 13:49; Novitt-Moreno et al Travel Med Infect Dis 2022 Jan-Feb;45:102211.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, since our commercial opportunities were limited, we embarked upon an exploratory research and development campaign to identify new indications for Arakoda. In the second quarter and third quarter of 2020, we commissioned cell culture studies that showed that tafenoquine, the active ingredient in Arakoda, inhibited replication of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19).17 Then, we commissioned computer simulations, which showed that the predicted concentration of tafenoquine in the lungs of COVID-19 patients following administration of the first four doses of the approved antimalarial prophylactic regimen of Arakoda exceeded those inhibiting the virus in cell culture. The foregoing provided the rationale for seeking approval from the FDA to conduct a Phase II clinical trial in patients with the COVID-19 disease, for which the FDA granted clearance to proceed in October 2020.
In 2021, with financial support from the U.S. Army18, we conducted a Phase II clinical investigation of the safety and efficacy of Arakoda in outpatients with mild-moderate COVID-19 disease (assumed to be mostly caused by the delta variant of SARS-COV-2). In summary, safety and efficacy of tafenoquine administered at the approved dose for malaria prevention (200 mg dose once per day on days 1, 2, 3, and 10) was evaluated over a 28-day period in mild-moderate COVID-19 patients. The primary endpoint was day 14 clinical recovery from COVID-19 symptoms, defined as cough mild or absent, respiratory rate < 24 bpm, and no shortness of breath or fever. From March 2021 through September 2021, this study enrolled 87 of the originally planned 275 patients. In October 2021, a data safety monitoring board, after conducting a futility analysis for the primary endpoint and reviewing adverse event data, recommended that the study be continued as planned. However, at the time of the unblinding of this study, topline results from Phase III studies for three oral COVID-19 therapeutics in at risk patients with mild-moderate COVID-19 disease had been announced: Fluvoxamine, molnupiravir, and paxlovid reduced the risk of hospitalization by approximately 30%, 50% (in the first public announcement) and 90%, respectively.19 As reported in our publication20, an informal survey of potential funding/commercialization partners for a follow-on program suggested it would be important to know the magnitude of possible benefit prior to initiating such an effort. Primarily for the above reasons, the study was terminated and unblinded early.
The results of the study were accepted for peer-reviewed publication in May 2022.21 For the primary endpoint, the proportion of patients not recovered on Day 14 was numerically decreased by 27% in the intent to treat population (8/45 v 10/42 not recovered in the tafenoquine and placebo arms, P = 0.60) and 47% in the per protocol population (5/42 v 9/41, P = 0.25). Amongst individuals who recorded responses in an electronic diary on day 28, all tafenoquine patients were recovered, whereas up to 12% of placebo patients exhibited lingering shortness of breath. Analysis of secondary/exploratory endpoints suggested Arakoda reduced time to clinical recovery from shortness of breath, cough and fever (P < 0.02) and numerically improved aggregate symptom scores five days after treatment (P < 0.1).22 The risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization was numerically reduced in the Arakoda arm (by approximately 50%; two instances for placebo versus one for Arakoda). Mild, drug related adverse events occurred in 8.4% of individuals in the tafenoquine arm (v 2.4% in the placebo). We plan to confirm that Arakoda accelerates sustained recovery from COVID-19 symptoms in our next study (described in “Prospectus Summary—Strategy” beginning on page 8).
12 In 2014, we signed a cooperative research and development agreement with the United States Army Medical and Materiel Development Activity (Agreement W81XWH-14-0313). Under this agreement, we agreed to submit a New Drug Application for tafenoquine to the FDA (as Arakoda), while the US Army agreed to finance the bulk of the necessary development activities in support of that goal.
13 Zottig et al Military Medicine 2020; 185 (S1): 687.
14 Tan and Hwang Journal of Travel Medicine, 2018, 1–2; Baird Journal of Travel Medicine 2018:, 1–13; Schlagenhauf et al Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2022; 46:102268.
15 See prescribing information at www.arakoda.com.
16 See prescribing information at www.arakoda.com.
17 U.S. Patent application # 17/189,544, Dow et. al. bioRxiv 2020.07.12.199059; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.12.199059.
18 Financial support was obtained from Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (which may be referred to as “JPEO”) or JPEO via other transactional authority agreement #W911QY-21-9-0011.
19 Reis et al Lancet Global Health 2022;10:e42-51, Bernal et al New Eng J Med 2021; https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2116044; Pfizer Inc. Press release (November 5, 2021) – Pfizer’s novel COVID 19 oral antiviral treatment candidate reduced risk of hospitalization or death by 89% in interim analysis of Phase 2/3 EPIC-HR study. Accessible at: Pfizer’s Novel COVID-19 Oral Antiviral Treatment Candidate Reduced Risk of Hospitalization or Death by 89% in Interim Analysis of Phase 2/3 EPIC-HR Study | Pfizer.
20 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 47:100986.
21 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 47:100986.
21 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 47:100986.
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In 2022, we conducted additional analyses of laboratory endpoint data from the clinical study described above and are preparing a manuscript for publication. That analysis and the scientific literature suggest two possible modes of action for Arakoda: (i) down-regulation of cytokines (immune system inflammatory proteins) associated with severe COVID-19 and a greater risk of hospitalization or death and/or (ii) inhibition of viral entry in the lung or elsewhere in the body, perhaps through inhibition of a host enzyme called TMPRSS2 (which facilitates entry of the virus that causes COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, into human cells).
Assuming the efficacy of Arakoda is proven in our next study, some of the features of Arakoda that make it ideal for malaria prophylaxis might also make it very useful for COVID-19 related indications. Arakoda is slowly metabolized and has few important drug-drug interactions, so it might be an ideal partner for standard of care oral COVID-19 therapeutics that reduce hospitalization but have no demonstrated effect on the time to clinical recovery in non-hospitalized patients. Arakoda requires fewer tablets (8 in the first ten days versus 30 or 40 for paxlovid and molnupiravir) which should make compliance with medication easier for patients. This is an important consideration in the attractiveness of a regimen in standard risk patients at lower risk of hospitalization, and who may be interested in taking a COVID-19 therapeutic primarily to treat early symptoms and accelerate recovery. The potential for better compliance may also suggest suitability for outbreak control in some settings (including, for example, nursing homes).
During the pandemic, we also worked with NIH to evaluate the utility of tafenoquine as an antifungal. We, and the NIH, found that tafenoquine exhibits a broad spectrum of activity in cell culture against Candida and other yeast strains via a different mode of action than traditional antifungals and also exhibits antifungal activity against some fungal strains at clinically relevant doses in animal models.23 Our work followed legacy studies that show tafenoquine is effective for treatment and prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia in animal models.24 We believe that if added to the standard of care for anti-fungal and yeast infection treatments for general use, Arakoda has the potential to improve patient outcomes in terms of recovery from yeast infections, and prevention of fungal pneumonias in immunosuppressed patients. There are limited treatment options available for these indications, and tafenoquine’s novel mechanism of action might also mitigate problems of resistance. Clinical trial(s) to prove safety and efficacy, and approval by the FDA and other regulators, would be required before Arakoda could be marketed for these indications.
Tafenoquine is effective in animal models of babesiosis (tick borne red blood cell infections). In two of three recent clinical case studies, tafenoquine administered after failure of conventional antibiotics in immunosuppressed babesiosis patients resulted in cures.25 Consequently, we believe that (i) if combined with standard of care products, Arakoda has the potential to reduce the duration of treatment with antibiotic therapy in immunosuppressed patients and the time to parasite clearance in non-immunosuppressed patients and (ii) that once appropriate clinical studies have been conducted, it is likely that Arakoda would be quickly embraced for post-exposure prophylaxis of babesiosis in patients with tick bites and suspected of being co-infected with Lyme disease. Clinical trial(s) to prove safety and efficacy, and approval by FDA and other regulators, would be required before Arakoda could be marketed for these indications.
Celgosivir
Celgosivir is a host targeted glucosidase inhibitor that was developed separately by other sponsors for HIV then for hepatitis C.26 The sponsors abandoned Celgosivir after completion of Phase II clinical trials involving 700+ patients, because other antivirals in development at the time had superior activity. The National University of Singapore initiated development of Celgosivir independently for dengue fever. A clinical study, conducted in Singapore, and the results of which were accepted for publication in the peer-reviewed journal Lancet Infectious Diseases, confirmed its safety but the observed reduction in viral load was lower than what the study was powered to detect.27 Celgosivir (as with other dengue antivirals) exhibits greater capacity to cure dengue infections in animal models when administered prior to symptom onset compared to post-symptom onset. In animal models, this problem can be addressed for Celgosivir, by administering the same dose of drug split into four doses per day rather than two doses per day (as was the case in the Singaporean clinical trial).28 This observation led to the filing and approval of a patent related to dengue, which we licensed from the National University of Singapore.
22 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 45: 100964.
24 Queener et al Journal of Infectious Diseases 1992;165:764-8).
25 Liu et al. Antimicrobial Agents Chemo 2021;65:e00204-21, Marcos et al. IDCases 2022;27:e01460; Rogers et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Jun 10:ciac473, Prasad and Wormsner. Pathogens 2022;11:1015.
26 Sorbera et al, Drugs of the Future 2005; 30:545-552.
27 Low et. al., Lancet ID 2014; 14:706-715.
28 Watanabe et al, Antiviral Research 2016; 10:e19.
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Additional clinical studies would be required to prove that such a 4x daily dosing regimen would be safe and effective in dengue patients to regulators’ satisfaction. To that end, earlier in our history, we, in partnership with the National University of Singapore, and Singapore General Hospital, successfully secured a grant from the government of Singapore for a follow-on clinical trial, but were unable at that time to raise matching private sector funding. We concluded as a result that development of repositioned molecules for dengue, solely and without simultaneous development for other therapeutic use, despite substantial morbidity and mortality in tropical countries, was an effort best suited for philanthropic entities. Accordingly, during the pandemic, we undertook an effort (in partnership with NIH’s Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases program and Florida State University) to determine whether Celgosivir might be more broadly useful for respiratory diseases that have impact in both tropical and temperate countries. Preliminary data suggest Celgosivir inhibits the replication of the virus that causes COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in cell culture, and the RSV virus in cell culture and provides benefits in animals. We have filed and/or licensed patents in relation to Celgosivir for these other viruses as we believe there is potential applications to fight respiratory diseases that might have more commercial viability than historical development of Celgosivir to combat dengue fever.
Competitive Strengths
Our main competitive strength has been our ability to achieve important clinical milestones inexpensively in therapeutic areas that other entities have found extremely challenging. With a small virtual management team, we have successfully built productive research partnerships with public and academic entities, and licensed products with well characterized safety profiles in prior clinical studies, thereby reducing the cost and risk of clinical development. This business and product model enabled Arakoda to be approved in 2018, with a total operating expense of < $10 million. We plan to focus in the future on generating proof of concept clinical data sets for the approved regimen of Arakoda in other therapeutic areas, all of which is expected to foster and continue our existing tradition of inexpensive product development.
Strategy
Our general strategy is to demonstrate clinical proof of concept that Arakoda, at its FDA-approved dosing regimen for malaria prevention, provides clinical benefits in non-malaria therapeutic areas. Our initial focus is on COVID-19, but additional indications have been identified for development, namely babesiosis and fungal infections, pending further data generation. Upon demonstration of clinical proof of concept, we plan to enter into a strategic partnership with a larger entity with commercialization capacity, or raise additional capital to facilitate commercialization of Arakoda, and any additional clinical studies that may be required by regulators, for both travel medicine and broad infectious disease indications. We will continue to develop our portfolio products as resources permit.
In 2023, we plan to execute a Phase IIB, randomized, placebo-controlled double blind clinical study powered (at 80%) to prove that Arakoda accelerates time to sustained clinical recovery in patients with mild-moderate disease with no risk factors. This trial will utilize the bulk of proceeds raised in this offering. Based on an analysis of unpublished data from our earlier COVID-19 clinical trial,29 we believe that Arakoda has the potential to reduce the time to sustained clinical recovery by about three days (see Figure B, below). The study will be conducted in out-patient clinics in Australia and/or the United States. The study will utilize the majority of the proceeds of the offering reserved for research and development activities for this purpose. As of the date of this prospectus, we have completed a clinical study synopsis. Submission of the full protocol to the ethics committees and to Australian or U.S. regulators, and a posting at clinicaltrials.gov will follow this initial public offering.
Figure B
Figure B: Survival curve for sustained clinical recovery in outpatients with mild-moderate COVID-19 disease randomized to receive tafenoquine or placebo. Sustained clinical recovery was defined as the first instance of patient reported symptoms scores being < 3 for four or more days, with symptoms scores assessed according to FDA guidance.30 This analysis utilized unpublished data from our earlier Phase II clinical trial.31 The analysis excludes individuals hospitalized or loss to follow-up and with a symptom score on the days of dosing < 3. This analysis represents a post-hoc analysis of our Phase II clinical trial data. If this were a formal, pre-conceived primary study endpoint, the P value of 0.1209 would imply the associated difference between tafenoquine and placebo has a 12.09% chance of occurring by chance.
In parallel with the planned clinical study, we plan to conduct additional non-clinical studies to clarify the process by which tafenoquine alters the course of COVID-19 illness. Specifically, such studies will attempt to determine whether tafenoquine acts as an immunomodulator (by decreasing the production of immune system molecules that cause inflammation) and/or exhibits and antiviral effect via inhibition of the host protease TMPRSS2. Antivirals are generally utilized earlier, and immunomodulators later, in treating patients with COVID-19 disease. However, the clinical hypothesis of our planned study will be that Arakoda accelerates clinical recovery by three days in individuals who have experienced symptoms for fewer than seven days, thereby confirming observations from our earlier clinical study (see Figure B). Since the potential clinical benefit is already known, the primary purpose of clarifying the manner in which Arakoda works is to (i) address anticipated regulatory questions and (ii) ascertain whether other indications, such as relief of COVID-19 symptoms during vaccination, treatment of long COVID-19 patients, or use during hospitalization, might be plausible.
Following completion of our planned COVID-19 clinical study, if warranted based on the data generated, we intend to request a change in prescribing information to facilitate an expansion of use of Arakoda for malaria prevention from six to twelve months (mirroring our recently published post-marketing safety study) and to include reference to the recently generated COVID-19 treatment data. Prior to doing so, we plan to discuss with the FDA additional labeling related to COVID-19 which might be acceptable, as well as other routes to regulatory approval such as emergency use authorization.
We intend to design and conduct feasibility assessments for one or more additional studies for a COVID 19-related indication different from that targeted by our clinical study in 2023. One of these additional studies if executed would be conducted in Australia, and would be a requirement to secure tax rebates for the overall COVID-19 program (see next paragraph). The value of conducting a second study, if required to secure tax credits or for regulatory approvals, would be (i) independently confirming the therapeutic modality/clinical mode of action of Arakoda (i.e. that it accelerates clinical recovery from COVID-19 symptoms and/or acts as an antiviral or disease modulator) and (ii) broadening the COVID-19 indication beyond treatment of lower risk patients (i.e. potentially increasing the volume of annual prescriptions). Thus, possible study designs could be (i) a treatment study in higher risk patients or (ii) a pre-treatment loading study in individuals known to be exposed to the virus that causes COVID-19, and/or (iii) amelioration of COVID-19 disease-like symptoms in individuals receiving mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (if it turns out Arakoda is an immunomodulator).
We plan to license ex-U.S. rights to COVID-19 indications to our Australian subsidiary, 60P Australia Pty Ltd. This will facilitate claiming the Australian government’s research tax credit for any of our COVID-19-related research activities conducted in Australia. 60P Australia has been successful in securing research tax credits for malaria and dengue-related research since 2013. In the event that conducting our planned COVID-19 study in Australia proves unfeasible and must be conducted in the U.S., we plan to apply for an overseas finding to the Australian Tax Office in Q1 2023 to request an overseas finding for the U.S. study. Should such a finding be awarded, it would allow a tax rebate of 43.5% on research and development costs associated with the planned U.S. COVID-19 study to be claimed, but commit the Company to conduct COVID-19 research activities in Australia of a value at least as much as the cost of the planned U.S. clinical study.
29 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 45: 100964.
30 FDA 2020 Guidance on Assessing COVID-19 Symptoms-14 Common COVID-19 Symptoms Severity Scale.
31 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 45: 100964.
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We are planning several commercial initiatives for the malaria market in parallel with further clinical development activities. Three routes exist for commercialization of Arakoda for the malaria prevention market are: (i) U.S. civilian travel clinics, travel prescribing centers, and large private sector entities with employees deployed overseas (e.g., mining companies), (ii) the prospect of additional U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”) and government agency procurement in the future (noting that as described on page 57 our existing contract with DoD has been fulfilled and has not been extended or modified) and (iii) ex U.S. sales strategy where we currently (or in the future) have exclusive distribution arrangements in overseas markets.
As of the date of this prospectus, we did not have plans to hire a U.S. sales force, but are exploring possible commercial arrangements with contract sales organizations to target U.S. travel clinics for malaria prophylaxis. We intend to consummate a contract with a lobbying firm/contract sales organization to attempt to improve the position of Arakoda in the DoD formulary and to raise awareness of Arakoda amongst other U.S. government agencies. For such agencies, the product is expected to meet many of the requirements for occupational malaria prevention identified by the independent parties that have endorsed the product. We have been successful in securing procurement contracts with U.S. government agencies for Arakoda, and anticipate continued success in the future. In the third quarter of 2022, we made our first sale to our European distributor, and made additional sales to our Australian distributor in the second quarter of 2022. We are actively exploring the possibility of named-patient sales in jurisdictions outside Australia, Europe, and the United States. As resources permit, we will undertake a focused marketing campaign for Arakoda for malaria prevention in 2023. This will consist of promotion at relevant conferences, email promotion to prescribers, and target print and electronic advertisements.
It is expected that a point of care G6PD test might be required to maximize the economic potential of a COVID-19 indication for Arakoda. We do not intend to pursue independent development of such a test as there are well resourced development efforts already underway (see “Risk Factors—Any future clinical trial for Arakoda will require screening for G6PD deficiency in order to safely administer the product. In the United States, G6PD testing can obtained through commercial pathology services which is associated with delays. The use of a third-party diagnostic provider of point of care testing may be required and we may not directly control the timing, conduct and expense of such testing” beginning on page 23). However, we will continue to monitor the progress of development and U.S. commercialization of G6PD tests. We will seek to pursue collaborative commercial partnerships with the companies involved in commercialization efforts, if such activities can be conducted through resource sharing efforts.
We plan to generate additional validation data for our portfolio products if resources permit. Specifically, we will evaluate whether Celgosivir provides therapeutic benefit in a COVID-19 animal model, and complete critical activities related to confirming GMP process feasibility.
We may elect, as resources permit, to undertake a clinical study of tafenoquine in combination with standard of care for hospitalized patients with babesiosis. We have developed such a protocol in partnership with academic collaborators and are planning to submit an IND to the FDA and pursue public and philanthropic funding to support our execution. We plan to seek public funding to support additional non-clinical studies to validate the mechanism of action of tafenoquine against Candida spp. and further assess our utility in combination with standard of care agents in cell culture and animal studies.
Most new antimalarial treatment products are developed as drug combinations to proactively combat drug resistance. Arakoda, due to its long half-life and activity against all parasite species and strains, would be ideal partner in a drug combination. In 2023, the Company will actively seek out a potential partner antimalarial drug for Arakoda, with the goal of pursuing licensure of a new drug combination. We will only enter into a partnership to develop such a drug combination, if clear legal guidance can be obtained that such a combination if developed would have a high probability of securing a priority review voucher upon FDA approval.
There are currently efforts underway, in malaria-endemic countries outside the U.S., to generate datasets supporting the use of tafenoquine for mass drug administration in asymptomatic individuals to prevent malaria transmission. We believe that such efforts are important to promote community acceptance of tafenoquine, and may eventually support World Health Organization pre-qualification of tafenoquine for malaria eradication efforts. To that end, we intend to support, on a case-by-case basis, clinical studies sponsored by others, by providing commercial Arakoda and/or Kodatef for research use (provided such product would not otherwise have been commercially salable, and the study sponsor covers shipping costs). We have previously provided tafenoquine for such efforts on a limited basis.
We have a post-marketing requirement to conduct a malaria prophylaxis study of Arakoda in pediatric and adolescent subjects. We proposed to the FDA, in late 2021, that this might not be safe to execute given that malaria prevention is administered to asymptomatic individuals and that methemoglobinemia (damage to the hemoglobin in blood that carries oxygen) occurred in 5% of patients, and exceeded a level of 10% in 3% of individuals in a study conducted by another sponsor in pediatric subjects with symptomatic vivax malaria.32 The FDA has asked us to propose an alternate design, for which we submitted a concept protocol in the fourth quarter of 2022, and plan to submit a full protocol by the end of the second quarter of 2023. We estimate the cost of conducting the study proposed by the FDA, if conducted in the manner suggested by the FDA, would be $2 million and due to the time periods required to secure protocol approvals from the FDA and ethics committees, could not be initiated any earlier than the third quarter of 2024. The funds from this offering to be expended on such a pediatric study will be limited to the minimum required to support protocol preparation and regulatory interactions with the FDA.
32 Velez et al 2021 - Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2022; 6: 86–95.
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Intellectual Property
We have global, and exclusive, rights to use patents, manufacturing information and non-clinical and clinical data licensed from the United States Army for tafenoquine for all indications except P. vivax malaria. We have submitted patent applications in the United States and elsewhere for tafenoquine for COVID-19, fungal lung infections, tick-borne diseases, and other infectious and non-infectious diseases in which induction of host cytokines/inflammation is a component of the disease process (we have submitted a provisional patent). We have licensed patents for Celgosivir for the treatment and prevention of dengue (from the National University of Singapore), COVID-19 (Florida State University) and have submitted provisional patents related to Celgosivir for RSV. We have licensed or own manufacturing methods related to Celgosivir.
Pursuant to the Knight Debt Conversion Agreement, for a period commencing on January 1, 2022 and ending upon the earlier of ten years after the closing date of this offering or the conversion or redemption in full of all of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock owned by Knight, we will pay Knight a royalty equal to 3.5% of our net sales, where “net sales” has the same meaning as in our license agreement with the U.S. Army for tafenoquine. Upon succeeding with the qualified IPO, at the end of the quarter and each thereafter the royalty will be calculated, and payment will be made within fifteen days.
Key Relationships & Licenses
On May 30, 2014, we entered into the Exclusive License Agreement (the “2014 NUS-SHS Agreement”) with National University of Singapore (“NUS”) and Singapore Health Services Pte Ltd (“SHS”) in which we were granted a license from NUS and SHS with respect to their share of patent rights regarding “Dosing Regimen for Use of Celgosivir as an Antiviral Therapeutic for Dengue Virus Infection” to develop, market and sell licensed products. The 2014 NUS-SHS Agreement continues in force until the expiration of the last to expire of any patents under the patent rights unless terminated earlier in accordance with the 2014 NUS-SHS Agreement. We are obligated to pay at the rate of 1.5% of gross sales.
On July 15, 2015, we entered into the Exclusive License Agreement with the U.S. Army Medical Materiel Development Activity (the “U.S. Army”), which was subsequently amended (the “U.S. Army Agreement”), in which we obtained a license to develop and commercialize the licensed technology with respect to all therapeutic applications and uses excluding radical cure of symptomatic vivax malaria. This exclusion does not impact our ability to market Arakoda for the FDA-approved use, which is the prevention of malaria utilizing the indicated dose in asymptomatic individuals traveling to high-malaria or malaria-prone regions (whereas the license exclusion relates to its use to treat symptomatic vivax malaria in a patient already presenting with that disease). The term of the U.S. Army Agreement will continue until the expiration of the last to expire of the patent application or valid claim of the licensed technology, or 20 years from the start date of the U.S. Army Agreement, unless terminated earlier by the parties. We will be required to make a minimum annual royalty payment of 3% of net sales for net sales < $35 million, and 5% of net sales greater than $35 million, with US government sales excluded from the definition of net sales. In addition, we must pay a milestone fee of $75,000 once cumulative net sales from all sources exceeds $6 million, $100,000 if the company is acquired or merges, and regulatory approval milestone payments once marketing authorizations are achieved in Canada ($5,000) and Europe ($5,000). Also, we will be required to obtain the U.S. Army Medical Materiel Development Activity’s consent prior to a change of control of the Company, which consent was obtained on September 2, 2022.
On September 15, 2016, we entered into the Exclusive License Agreement (the “2016 NUS-SHS Agreement”) with National University of Singapore (“NUS”) and Singapore Health Services Pte Ltd (“SHS”) in which we were granted a license from NUS and SHS with respect to their share of patent rights regarding “Novel Dosing Regimens of Celgosivir for The Prevention of Dengue” to develop, market and sell licensed products. The 2016 NUS-SHS Agreement continues in force until the expiration of the last to expire of any patents under the patent rights unless terminated earlier in accordance with the 2016 NUS-SHS Agreement. We are obligated to pay at the rate of 1.5% of gross sales or minimum annual royalty ($5,000 in 2022 and $15,000 in 2023). In July 2022, the Company renegotiated the timing of a license fee of $85,000 Singapore Dollars, payable to the National University of Singapore, such that payment would be due at the earlier of (i) enrollment of a patient in a Phase II clinical trial involving Celgosivir, (ii) two years from the agreement date and (iii) an initial public offering.
On December 4, 2020, we entered into the Other Transaction Authority for Prototype Agreement (“OTAP Agreement”) with the Natick Contracting Division of the U.S. government in which we will, among other things, conduct activities for a Phase II clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of tafenoquine for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 disease, with the goal of delivering tafenoquine with an FDA Emergency Use Authorization (“EUA”) approved as a countermeasure against COVID-19. The total amount of the OTAP Agreement is $4,999,814. The term of the OTAP Agreement commences on December 4, 2020 and was completed in the third quarter of 2022. Pursuant to the OTAP Agreement, we will not offer, sell or otherwise provide the EUA or licensed version of the prototype (tafenoquine) that is FDA approved for COVID-19 or any like product to any entity at a price lower than that offered to the DoD, which applies only to products sold in the U.S., European Union and Canada related to COVID-19.
On February 15, 2021, we entered into the Inter-Institutional Agreement (the “FSURF Agreement”) with the Florida State University Research Foundation (“FSURF”) in which FUSRF granted us the right to manage the licensing of intellectual property created at FSURF. The term of the FSURF Agreement expires five years from February 15, 2021. After deduction of a 5% administrative fee by FSURF, capped at $15,000 annually, and reimbursement of patent prosecution expenses, we will receive 20% of license income and FSURF will receive 80% of license income. Payments of license income shall be paid in U.S. dollars quarterly each year.
Corporate Structure
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is a Delaware corporation that was incorporated on June 1, 2022.
On June 1, 2022, 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a District of Columbia limited liability company (“60P LLC”), entered into the Agreement and Plan of Merger with 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc., pursuant to which 60P LLC merged into 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The value of each outstanding member’s membership interest in 60P LLC was correspondingly converted into common stock of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc., par value $0.0001 per share, with a cost-basis equal to $5.00 per share.
Our majority owned subsidiary, 60P Australia Pty Ltd, an Australian proprietary company limited by shares (“60P Australia”), was formed and registered in Queensland on December 3, 2013, and conducts operations in Australia.
60P Australia previously solely owned a Singaporean subsidiary company, 60P Singapore PTE, LTD, which dissolved at our election in the second quarter of 2022.
Going Concern
Our independent auditors have issued a report raising substantial doubt of our ability to continue as a going concern. We anticipate that we will require additional capital to continue as a going concern and expand our operations in accordance with our current business plan.
Suppliers
We have quality and contract manufacturing agreements relating to Arakoda in place with Piramal Enterprises Limited (API, tablets) and PCI Pharma Services (secondary packaging) and supply/quality/pharmacovigilance agreements in place with Biocelect Pty Ltd, Scandinavian Biopharma, and Knight Therapeutics Inc. (to allow supply of Arakoda/Kodatef to Australia, Europe and Canada/Israel/Latin America and Russia, respectively). As of the date of this prospectus, we have not supplied any of our products to Russia nor do we anticipate supplying any of our products to Russia in the near future.
Recent Developments
Effects of COVID-19 Outbreak. In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus was reported to have surfaced in Wuhan, China, which has and is continuing to spread throughout China and other parts of the world, including the United States. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern.” On January 31, 2020, U.S. Health and Human Services Secretary Alex M. Azar II declared a public health emergency for the United States to aid the U.S. healthcare community in responding to COVID-19, and on March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization characterized the outbreak as a “pandemic.” A significant outbreak of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases could result in a widespread health crisis that could adversely affect the economies and financial markets worldwide.
We are monitoring the global outbreak and spread of COVID-19 and taking steps in an effort to identify and mitigate the adverse impacts on, and risks to, our business posed by its spread and the governmental and community reactions thereto. The current outbreak of COVID-19 has globally resulted in loss of life, business closures, restrictions on travel, and widespread cancellation of social gatherings. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted at this time, including:
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| • | new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the disease; |
| • | the duration and spread of the outbreak; |
| • | the severity of travel restrictions imposed by geographic areas in which we operate, mandatory or voluntary business closures; |
| • | regulatory actions taken in response to the pandemic, which may impact our product offerings; |
| • | other business disruptions that affect our workforce and supply chain; |
| • | the impact on capital and financial markets; and |
| • | actions taken throughout the world, including in markets in which we operate, to contain the COVID-19 outbreak or treat its impact. |
In addition, the current outbreak of COVID-19 has resulted in a widespread global health crisis and adversely affected global economies and financial markets, and similar public health threats could do so in the future. Such events have impacted, and could in the future impact, demand for our products, which in turn could adversely affect our revenue and results of operations.
The spread of COVID-19 has caused us to modify our business practices, including employee travel, employee work locations in certain cases, and cancellation of physical participation in certain meetings, events and conferences and further actions may be taken as required or recommended by government authorities or as we determine are in the best interests of our employees, customers and other business partners. We are monitoring the global outbreak of the pandemic and are taking steps in an effort to identify and mitigate the adverse impacts on, and risks to, our business posed by its spread and the governmental and community reactions thereto. See “Risk Factors—Our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.”
Summary Risk Factors
Our business is subject to a number of risks. You should be aware of these risks before making an investment decision. These risks are discussed more fully in the section of this prospectus titled “Risk Factors,” which begins on page [*] of this prospectus. These risks include, among others, that:
| • | We have incurred net losses since our inception and if we continue to incur net losses in the foreseeable future the market price of our common stock may decline; |
| • | Our financial statements have been prepared on a going-concern basis and our continued operations are in doubt; |
| • | There is no assurance that we will be profitable; |
| • | There is no assurance that we will be eligible for Australian government research and development tax rebates; |
| • | Our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic; |
| • | If we are not able to successfully develop, obtain FDA approval for, and provide for the commercialization of non-malaria indications for Arakoda or Celgosivir in a timely manner, we may not be able to expand our business operations; |
| • | Our clinical trials for our product candidates may not yield results that will enable us to further develop our products and obtain regulatory approvals necessary to sell them; |
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| • | The mechanisms of actions of some of our products, and interactions with other antiviral products are not known, which may restrict regulatory label claims; |
| • | We expect to depend on existing and future collaborations with third parties for the development of some of our product candidates. If those collaborations are not successful, we may not be able to complete the development of these product candidates; |
| • | Even if one of our product candidates receives marketing approval, it may fail to achieve the degree of market acceptance by physicians, patients, third-party payors and others in the medical community necessary for commercial success, in which case we may not generate significant revenues or become profitable; |
| • | Any future clinical trial for Arakoda will require screening for G6PD deficiency in order to safely administer the product. In the United States, G6PD testing can obtained through commercial pathology services which is associated with delays. The use of a third-party diagnostic provider of point of care testing may be required and we do not directly control the timing, conduct, expense of such testing or the timing of market entry into the US; |
| • | Our product candidates are subject to extensive regulation, which can be costly and time-consuming, and unsuccessful or delayed regulatory approvals could increase our future development costs or impair our future revenue; |
| • | If our product candidates receive regulatory approval, we would be subject to ongoing regulatory obligations and restrictions, which will continue to change, and which may result in significant expenses and limit our ability to develop and commercialize other potential products; |
| • | We have no manufacturing capacity which puts us at risk of lengthy and costly delays of bringing our products to market; |
| • | We rely on relationships with third-party contract manufacturers and raw material suppliers, which limits our ability to control the availability of, and manufacturing costs for, our product candidates; |
| • | Our future growth depends on our ability to successfully commercialize Arakoda, Celgosivir and our other product candidates, and we can provide no assurance that we will successfully commercialize Arakoda, Celgosivir and other product candidates; |
| • | Health care reform measures could materially and adversely affect our business; |
| • | Our competitors may be better positioned in the marketplace and thereby may be more successful than us at developing, manufacturing and marketing approved products; |
| • | We compete in an industry characterized by extensive research and development efforts and rapid technological progress. New discoveries or commercial developments by our competitors could render our potential products obsolete or non-competitive; |
| • | We would be subject to applicable regulatory approval requirements of the foreign countries in which we market our products, which are costly and may prevent or delay us from marketing our products in those countries; |
| • | Defending against claims relating to improper handling, storage or disposal of hazardous chemicals, radioactive or biological materials could be time consuming and expensive; |
| • | Geopolitical conditions, including direct or indirect acts of war or terrorism could have an adverse effect on our operations and financial results; |
| • | If product liability lawsuits are successfully brought against us, then we will incur substantial liabilities and may be required to limit commercialization of Arakoda, Celgosivir or other product candidates; |
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| • | Our intellectual property rights may not preclude competitors from developing competing products and our business may suffer; |
| • | If the manufacture, use or sale of our products infringe on the intellectual property rights of others, we could face costly litigation, which could cause us to pay substantial damages or licensing fees and limit our ability to sell some or all of our products; |
| • | We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights throughout the world; |
| • | Patent terms may be inadequate to protect our competitive position on our product candidates for an adequate amount of time; | |
| • | The earliest Paragraph IV certification date for Arakoda has passed. Generic companies may file an ANDA at any time, and successful challenge of our malaria use patents would negatively impact our business; |
| • | There has been no public market for our common stock prior to this offering, and we cannot assure you that an active trading market will develop in the near future. An active market in which investors can resell their shares may not develop. If there is no viable public market for our common stock, you may be unable to sell your shares at or above the initial public offering price; |
| • | We may not be able to satisfy listing requirements of Nasdaq to maintain a listing of our common stock; |
| • | There is no public market for the warrants being offered in this offering; |
| • | The warrants may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock and make it more difficult to effect a business combination; |
| • | Any failure to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting could have an adverse impact on us; and |
| • | We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” under the JOBS Act, and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors. |
Information Regarding our Capitalization
As of January 30, 2023, we had 2,386,009 shares of common stock issued and outstanding. Additional information regarding our issued and outstanding securities may be found under “Market for Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters” and “Description of Securities.”
Unless otherwise specifically stated, information throughout this prospectus does not assume the exercise of outstanding options or warrants to purchase shares of our common stock.
Corporate Information
Our principal executive offices are located at 1025 Connecticut Avenue NW Suite 1000, Washington, D.C. 20036. Our corporate website address is 60degreespharma.com. Our telephone number is (202) 327-5422. The information included on our website is not part of this prospectus.
Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and a Smaller Reporting Company
We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (i) the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the first sale of our common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act; (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenues of $1.235 billion or more; (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in nonconvertible debt during the previous three years; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer under applicable SEC rules. We expect that we will remain an emerging growth company for the foreseeable future, but cannot retain our emerging growth company status indefinitely and will no longer qualify as an emerging growth company on or before the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the first sale of our common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act. For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted and intend to rely on exemptions from specified disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.
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These exemptions include:
| • | being permitted to provide only two years of audited financial statements, in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements, with correspondingly reduced “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” disclosure; |
| • | not being required to comply with the requirement of auditor attestation of our internal controls over financial reporting; |
| • | not being required to comply with any requirement that may be adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding mandatory audit firm rotation or a supplement to the auditor’s report providing additional information about the audit and the financial statements; |
| • | reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation; and |
| • | not being required to hold a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. |
An emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act to comply with new or revised accounting standards. This allows an emerging growth company to delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to avail ourselves of this extended transition period and, as a result, we will not be required to adopt new or revised accounting standards on the dates on which adoption of such standards is required for other public reporting companies.
We are also a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and have elected to take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosure available for smaller reporting companies. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the end of the fiscal year in which (1) we have a public common equity float of more than $250 million, or (2) we have annual revenues for the most recently completed fiscal year of more than $100 million and a public common equity float or public float of more than $700 million. We also would not be eligible for status as a smaller reporting company if we become an investment company, an asset-backed issuer or a majority-owned subsidiary of a parent company that is not a smaller reporting company.
We have elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations in the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and may elect to take advantage of other reduced reporting requirements in future filings. As a result, the information that we provide to our stockholders may be different from what you might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests.
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| Issuer | 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. |
| Units offered by us | units, each unit consisting of one share of common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of common stock.
The units will not be certificated or issued in stand-alone form. The shares of our common stock and the warrants comprising the units are immediately separable upon issuance and will be issued separately in this offering. |
| Common stock that may be offered by the Selling Stockholders | 1,912,202 shares. |
| Common
stock outstanding prior to the offering(1) |
2,386,009 shares. |
| Common
stock to be outstanding after the offering(2)(3) |
shares ( shares if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional shares in full). |
| Over-allotment option | We have granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to an aggregate of additional shares of common stock and warrants at the public offering price per share of common stock and per warrant, respectively, less, in each case, underwriting discounts and commissions, on the same terms as set forth in this prospectus, solely to cover over-allotments, if any. |
| Description of the Warrants | Each warrant will be exercisable from the date of issuance until the fifth anniversary date of issuance date for $4.7725 and $7.0725 per share (115% of the public offering price of one unit), subject to adjustment in the event of stock dividends, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications, reorganizations or similar events affecting our common stock as described herein.
A holder may not exercise any portion of a warrant to the extent that the holder, together with its affiliates and any other person or entity acting as a group, would own more than 4.99% of the outstanding common stock after exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the warrants, except that upon notice from the holder to us, the holder may waive such limitation up to a percentage, not in excess of 9.99%.
The terms of the warrants will be governed by the Warrant Agent Agreement. This prospectus also relates to the offering of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants. See “Description of Securities–Warrants.” |
| Use of Proceeds | The principal purposes of this offering are to fund the development of new indications for our products with a focus on executing a COVID-19 clinical trial involving Arakoda, to repay debt associated with prior financing, increase our capitalization and financial flexibility, increase our visibility in the marketplace and create a public market for our common stock. As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot specify with certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds to us from this offering. However, we currently intend to use the net proceeds to us from this offering for research and general corporate purposes, including working capital. See “Use of Proceeds” beginning on page 51. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the common stock by the Selling Stockholders. |
| Proposed Listing | We have applied to have our common stock listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SXTP,” which listing is a condition to this offering. We do not intend to apply for listing of the warrants on any exchange or market. |
| Representative Warrants | Upon the closing of this offering, we have agreed to issue to the Representative, warrants that will expire on the fifth anniversary of the commencement date of sales in this offering, entitling the Representative to purchase 6% of the number of shares of common stock sold in this offering. The registration statement of which this prospectus is a part also covers the Representative Warrants and the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise thereof. For additional information regarding our arrangement with the underwriters, please see “Underwriting.” |
| Lock-up agreements | Our executive officers and directors have agreed with the underwriters not to sell, transfer or dispose of any shares or similar securities for six months following the effective date of the registration statement for this offering without the prior written consent of WallachBeth Capital LLC. Any other holders of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock have also agreed with the underwriters not to sell, transfer or dispose of any shares or similar securities for six months following the effective date of the registration statement for this offering without the prior written consent of the underwriters. For additional information regarding our arrangement with the underwriters, please see “Underwriting.” |
| Transfer Agent | Equity Stock Transfer, LLC. |
| Risk Factors | You should carefully consider the information set forth in this prospectus and, in particular, the specific factors set forth in the “Risk Factors” section beginning on page [*] of this prospectus before deciding whether or not to invest in shares of our common stock. |
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| (1) | As of January 30, 2023. |
| (2) | Includes (i) shares of our common stock issued to BioIntelect Pty Ltd (“BioIntelect”) pursuant to the Master Consultancy Agreement dated as of May 29, 2013 (the “BioIntelect Agreement”), which provides that in connection with our initial public offering, BioIntelect will be entitled to receive deferred equity compensation in the amount equal to $155,000 (or $245,000 if Australian VC Horizon Biotech participates in the offering), (ii) shares of our common stock issued to Knight Therapeutics International S.A. (formerly known as Knight Therapeutics (Barbados) Inc.) (“Knight”) as a result of the conversion of certain of our outstanding debt owed to Knight pursuant to the Debt Conversion Agreement dated as of January 9, 2023, as amended on January 19, 2023 and January 27, 2023 (the “Knight Debt Conversion Agreement”), (iii) shares of our common stock that are to be issued prior to the closing of this offering as a result of the conversion of our convertible promissory notes excluding the Xu Yu Note, (v) shares of our common stock that are to be issued prior to the closing of this offering pursuant to the Equity Conversion Note dated as of October 11, 2017, as amended on December 23, 2017 and December 11, 2022 (the “Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note”) entered into with Xu Yu and (vi) 100,000 shares of our common stock issued to our legal counsel. |
| (3) | Does not include (i) shares of our common stock underlying a warrant issued to Bigger Capital Fund, LP (the “Bigger Capital Fund Warrants”), (ii) shares of our common stock underlying a warrant issued to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP (the “Cavalry Warrants”), (iii) shares of our common stock underlying a warrant issued to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd (the “Walleye Warrants”), (iv) shares of our common stock underlying a warrant issued to Geoffrey Dow (in the form of his revocable grantor trust, the Geoffrey S. Dow Revocable Trust for which Mr. Dow is the sole trustee) (the “Dow Trust Warrants”), (v) shares of our common stock underlying a warrant issued to Mountjoy Trust (together with the Bigger Capital Fund Warrants, the Cavalry Warrants, the Walleye Warrants and the Dow Trust Warrants, the “Warrants”) and (vi) shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Representative Warrants. The exercise price of the Warrants will be equal to the price per unit offered in this offering. |
Except as otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes that:
| • | a public offering price of $5.15 per unit, which is the midpoint of the range of the offering price per unit; |
| • | no shares of common stock have been issued pursuant to the (i) conversion of certain of our outstanding debt owed to Knight, (ii) BioIntelect Agreement, (iii) Latham Agreement, (iv) conversion of our convertible promissory notes and (v) Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note; |
| • | no shares of common stock have been issued pursuant to any warrants; and |
| • | no shares of common stock have been issued pursuant to the Representative’s over-allotment option; |
| • | no shares of common stock have been issued pursuant to the Representative Warrants. |
The following tables summarize our financial data. We derived the summary financial statement data for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 set forth below from our audited financial statements and related notes contained in this prospectus, and the summary financial statement data for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021 set forth below from our unaudited financial statements and related notes contained in this prospectus. The unaudited interim financial statements were prepared on a basis consistent with our audited financial statements and include, in management’s opinion, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, that we consider necessary for a fair statement of the financial information set forth in those statements. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in the future. You should read the information presented below together with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” our financial statements, the notes to those statements and the other financial information contained in this prospectus.
Summary of Operations in U.S. Dollars
| Year Ended December 31, | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,160,340 | $ | 2,181,359 | $ | 298,860 | $ | 1,130,876 | ||||||||
| Cost of Goods Sold | 850,742 | 702,989 | 308,013 | 779,123 | ||||||||||||
| Gross Profit | 309,598 | 1,478,370 | (9,153 | ) | 351,753 | |||||||||||
| Research Revenue | 5,192,516 | 368,107 | 259,669 | 4,935,335 | ||||||||||||
| Net Revenue | 5,502,114 | 1,846,477 | 250,516 | 5,287,088 | ||||||||||||
| Research & development | 5,510,866 | 806,683 | 477,106 | 5,077,126 | ||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 1,115,350 | 1,457,924 | 839,157 | 852,178 | ||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from operations | (1,124,102 | ) | (418,130 | ) | (1,065,747 | ) | (642,216 | ) | ||||||||
| Other income (expense) | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 3,172,712 | 2,678,435 | 2,883,714 | 2,251,676 | ||||||||||||
| Derivative expense | - | - | 256,111 | - | ||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities | - | - | 23,496 | - | ||||||||||||
| Other income (expense) | (37,515 | ) | (49,095 | ) | 29,810 | 661 | ||||||||||
| Total other income (expense), net | 3,135,197 | 2,629,340 | 3,193,131 | 2,252,337 | ||||||||||||
| Income before provision for income taxes | (4,259,299 | ) | (3,047,470 | ) | (4,258,878 | ) | (2,894,553 | ) | ||||||||
| Income tax expense | 1,000 | 1,000 | 750 | 750 | ||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | (4,260,299 | ) | $ | (3,048,470 | ) | $(4,259, 628) | $ | (2,895,303 | ) | ||||||
| As of December 31, | As of September 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 1,393,527 | $ | 2,606,064 | $ | 1,688,642 | $ | 1,972,238 | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | 19,548,011 | 20,676,883 | 23,938,269 | 22,950,611 | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and members’ equity (deficit) | 1,393,527 | 2,606,064 | - | 1,972,238 | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1,688,642 | $ | - | ||||||||
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Our business is subject to many risks and uncertainties, which may affect our future financial performance. If any of the events or circumstances described below occur, our business and financial performance could be adversely affected, our actual results could differ materially from our expectations, and the price of our stock could decline. The risks and uncertainties discussed below are not the only ones we face. There may be additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently do not believe are material that may adversely affect our business and financial performance. You should carefully consider the risks described below, together with all other information included in this prospectus, including our financial statements and related notes, before making an investment decision. The statements contained in this prospectus that are not historic facts are forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those set forth in or implied by forward-looking statements. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be harmed. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and investors in our securities may lose all or part of their investment.
Risks Related to Our Business
We have incurred net losses since our inception and if we continue to incur net losses in the foreseeable future the market price of our common stock may decline.
To date, we have financed our operations primarily through the issuance of equity, promissory notes and convertible notes. We incurred annual net losses of $4,260,299 in 2021 and $3,048,470 in 2020, respectively and operating losses were $1,124,102 in 2021 and $418,130 in 2020. We had an accumulated deficit of $26,891,602 as of September 30, 2022.
We may not achieve or maintain profitability in the future. In particular, we expect that our expenses relating to sales and marketing and product development and support, as well as our general and administrative costs, will increase, requiring us to increase sales in order to achieve and maintain profitability. If we do not achieve and maintain profitability, our financial condition will be materially and adversely affected. We would eventually be unable to continue our operations unless we were able to raise additional capital. We may not be able to raise any necessary capital on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we fail to achieve or maintain profitability on a quarterly or annual basis within the timeframe expected by investors, the market price of our common stock may decline.
Our financial statements have been prepared on a going-concern basis and our continued operations are in doubt.
The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis under which an entity is considered to be able to realize its assets and satisfy its liabilities in the ordinary course of business. Our future operations are dependent upon the identification and successful completion of equity or debt financing and the achievement of profitable operations at an indeterminate time in the future. There can be no assurances that we will be successful in completing an equity or debt financing or in achieving profitability.
There is no assurance that we will be profitable.
There is no assurance that we will earn profits in the future, or that profitability will be sustained. There is no assurance that future revenues will be sufficient to generate the funds required to continue our business and product development and marketing activities. If we do not have sufficient capital to fund our operations, we may be required to reduce our sales and marketing efforts or forego certain business opportunities.
There is no assurance we will be eligible for Australian Government research and development tax credits.
There is no assurance that the Australian government will pay research and development rebates on our research activities conducted by our subsidiary, 60P Australia Pty Ltd, in Australia. There is no assurance that we will be able to demonstrate that our subsidiary will have < $20 million AUD in aggregate turnover amongst beneficial owners with > 40% beneficial interest. If any of these risks materialize, we might not be able to complete our planned COVID-19 clinical study, which would negatively impair our business.
Even if Australian government grants an overseas finding, if we could not raise additional financing to fund the linked Australian research and development activities, we may be required to refund any rebates on the COVID-19 clinical study to the Australian government. This would negatively impair our business.
We have limited revenues to date, and any potential revenues from commercial use may not materialize in the future.
We have earned limited revenues to date from Arakoda. Any potential revenues from the sale of current approved commercial use may not materialize in the future. There is no guarantee that we will be able to generate revenue in the future. No assurance can be given that our efforts from sale of current approved products for commercial use will be successful in the future.
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Our financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.
A significant outbreak, epidemic or pandemic of contagious diseases in any geographic area in which we operate or plan to operate could result in a health crisis adversely affecting the economies, financial markets and overall demand for our services in such areas. In addition, any preventative or protective actions that governments implement or that we take in response to a health crisis, such as travel restrictions, quarantines, or site closures, may interfere with the ability of our employees, suppliers and customers to perform their responsibilities. Such results could have a material adverse effect on our business.
The continued global COVID-19 pandemic has created significant volatility, uncertainty and economic disruption. To date, this pandemic has affected nearly all regions around the world. In the United States, businesses as well as federal, state and local governments implemented significant actions to mitigate this public health crisis. While we cannot predict the duration or scope of the COVID-19 pandemic, it may negatively impact our business and such impact could be material to our financial results, condition and outlook related to:
| • | disruption to our operations or the operations of our suppliers, through the effects of business and facilities closures, worker sickness and COVID-19 related inability to work, social, economic, political or labor instability in affected areas, transportation delays, difficulty in enrolling patients, travel restrictions and changes in operating procedures, including for additional cleaning and safety protocols; |
| • | increased volatility or significant disruption of global financial markets due in part to the COVID-19 pandemic, which could have a negative impact on our ability to access capital markets and other funding sources, on acceptable terms or at all and impede our ability to comply with debt covenants; and |
| • | the further spread of COVID-19, and the requirements to take action to mitigate the spread of the pandemic (e.g., vaccination requirements that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic and enhanced health and hygiene requirements or social distancing or other measures), will impact our ability to carry out our business as usual and may materially adversely impact global economic conditions, our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. |
To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic or a similar public health threat has an impact on our business, it is likely to also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section.
Supply chain disruptions across the globe, including in the U.S., could jeopardize our business and harm our operations.
Global business interruptions may adversely impact our third-party relationships whom we rely upon in our business as well as manufacturers, suppliers, and makers of raw materials. If any such parties are adversely impacted by supply chain restrictions, or if they cannot obtain the necessary supplies, or if such third parties need to prioritize other products or customers over us, we may experience delays or disruptions in our supply chain, which could have a material and adverse impact on our business. Third party manufacturers may also need to implement measures and changes, or deviate from typical requirements because of the COVID-19 pandemic that may otherwise adversely impact our supply chain or the quality of the resulting products or supplies. Depending on the change, we may need to obtain FDA approval or otherwise provide the FDA with a notification of the change. As a result, we may not be able to obtain sufficient quantities of certain items, which could impair our ability to commercialize our products and conduct the post-marketing studies requested by the FDA, in connection with the approval of our goods. In addition, if there are continued or future disruptions, our third-party manufacturers may not be able to supply our other potential product candidates, which would adversely affect our research and development activities.
We may lose the services of key management personnel and may not be able to attract and retain other necessary personnel.
Changes in our management could have an adverse effect on our business. This is especially an issue while our staff is small. We are dependent upon the active participation of several key management personnel, including Geoffrey Dow, our President and Chief Executive Officer. We also do not carry key person life insurance on any of our senior management or other key personnel. Hence, we may suffer if the services of our management were to become unavailable to us in the future.
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We must hire highly skilled technical personnel as employees and as independent contractors in order to develop our products. As of the date of this prospectus, we have two full-time employees, and we rely on two independent contractors to provide us with skilled technical support. The competition for highly skilled technical, managerial and other personnel is intense and we may not be able to retain or recruit such personnel. Our recruiting and retention success is substantially dependent on our ability to offer competitive salaries and benefits to our employees and competitive compensation to contractors. We must compete with companies that possess greater financial and other resources than we do and that may be more attractive to potential employees and contractors. To be competitive, we may have to increase the compensation, bonuses, stock options and other fringe benefits offered to employees in order to attract and retain such personnel. The costs of retaining or attracting new personnel may have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results. If we fail to attract and retain the technical and managerial personnel needed to be successful, our business, operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
Cybersecurity risks could adversely affect our business and disrupt our operations.
The threats to network and data security are increasingly diverse and sophisticated. Despite our efforts and processes to prevent breaches, our devices, as well as our servers, computer systems, and those of third parties that we use in our operations are vulnerable to cybersecurity risks, including cyber-attacks such as viruses and worms, phishing attacks, denial-of-service attacks, physical or electronic break-ins, employee theft or misuse, and similar disruptions from unauthorized tampering with our servers and computer systems or those of third parties that we use in our operations, which could lead to interruptions, delays, loss of critical data, and unauthorized access to user data. In addition, we may be the target of email scams that attempt to acquire personal information or our assets. Despite our efforts to create security barriers to such threats, we may not be able to entirely mitigate these risks. Any cyber-attack that attempts to obtain our or our users’ data and assets, disrupt our service, or otherwise access our systems, or those of third parties we use, if successful, could adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition, be expensive to remedy, and damage our reputation. In addition, any such breaches may result in negative publicity, adversely affect our brand, decrease demand for our products and services, and adversely affect our operating results and financial condition.
The illegal sale or distribution by third parties of counterfeit versions of our products could have a negative impact on our business.
Pharmaceutical products are vulnerable to counterfeiting. Third parties may illegally produce and distribute counterfeit versions of our products that are below the various manufacturing and testing standards that our products undergo. Counterfeit products are often unsafe, ineffective and potentially life-threatening. As many counterfeit products may be visually indistinguishable from their authentic versions, the presence of counterfeit products could affect overall consumer confidence in the authentic product. A public loss of confidence in the integrity of pharmaceutical products in general or in any of our products in particular due to counterfeiting could have a material adverse effect on our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.
If we encounter difficulties enrolling patients in any future clinical trials, our future trials could be delayed or otherwise adversely affected. Furthermore, our current COVID-19 trials may not necessarily yield sufficient results or patient participants.
If we have difficulty enrolling a sufficient number of patients in any future clinical trial, including for COVID-19 studies for which the number of cases is unpredictable, we may need to delay or terminate our trial, which would impair our ability to develop marketable products, and have a negative impact on our business. Delays in enrolling patients in any future clinical trials would also adversely affect our ability to generate any product, milestone and royalty revenues under collaboration agreements, if any, and could impose significant additional costs on us or on any future collaborators.
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Our clinical trials for our product candidates may not yield results that will enable us to further develop our products and obtain regulatory approvals necessary to sell them.
We will receive regulatory approval for our product candidates only if we can demonstrate in carefully designed and conducted clinical trials that the product candidate is safe and effective. We do not know whether any current or future clinical trials for Arakoda, or Celgosivir or any other product candidate will demonstrate sufficient safety and efficacy to obtain the requisite regulatory approvals or will result in marketable products.
Clinical trials are lengthy, complex and expensive processes with uncertain results. We have spent, and expect to continue to spend, significant amounts of time and money on the clinical development of our product candidates. The three clinical trials we conducted in the past were managed directly by us, but executed contract research organizations (“CROs”). While certain of our employees have experience in designing and administering clinical trials, our experience is limited to three clinical trials conducted by the management team.
The results we obtain in preclinical testing and early clinical trials may not be predictive of results that are obtained in later studies. We may suffer significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after seeing promising results in earlier studies. Based on results at any stage of clinical trials, we may decide to repeat or redesign a trial or discontinue development of one or more of our product candidates. If we fail to adequately demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our products under development, we will not be able to obtain the required regulatory approvals to commercialize our product candidates, and our business, results of operations and financial condition would be materially adversely affected.
Administering our product candidates to humans may produce undesirable side effects. These side effects could interrupt, delay or halt clinical trials of our product candidates and could result in the FDA or other regulatory authorities denying approval of our product candidates for any or all targeted indications.
If clinical trials for a product candidate are unsuccessful, we will be unable to commercialize the product candidate. If one or more of our clinical trials are delayed, we will be unable to meet our anticipated development timelines. Either circumstance could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.
In planning for, and executing, clinical trials, the targeted standard of care in the United States or other jurisdictions for the therapeutic indication may change, necessitating changes to the design of such trials. Changes to such design trials will cause delays, and increase costs, thereby rendering us unable to meet development timelines or complete development programs. The clinical data generated from clinical trials may not be acceptable to regulatory agencies if changes to the standard of care occurred during trial execution, which may prevent regulatory approval, thereby damaging our business prospects.
Because patients with COVID-19 disease enrolled in our Phase II clinical study of Arakoda were presumed to be mostly infected with the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant, it is possible that the results of the study might not be representative of those of future studies of Arakoda that utilize patients infected with newer viral strains. If this risk materialized, our planned clinical trial might fail, thereby damaging our business prospects. It should be stated that, due to the changing nature of the pandemic, this risk is common to all COVID-19 therapeutics. It is possible this risk may be less likely to occur if the mechanism of Arakoda turns out not to be mediated via a direct antiviral effect.
The mechanisms of actions of some of our products, and interactions with other antiviral products are not known, which may restrict regulatory label claims.
The FDA has granted full or limited marketing authority for COVID-19 products based on the clinical benefit demonstrated in clinical trials, for products that have both antiviral and non-antiviral modes of action. However, the FDA may require specific additional evidence to grant a labeling claim of antiviral activity. We are planning to further develop Arakoda for treatment of COVID-19 based on the observation of trends towards accelerated recovery observed in the exploratory endpoints of a Phase II clinical trial we recently completed. We plan to undertake limited research activities to confirm whether tafenoquine provides clinical benefit via an antiviral or other mechanism. However, we cannot guarantee such efforts will confirm a direct antiviral mechanism to the satisfaction of the FDA, or that any data generated will support regulatory claims of antiviral activity in additional to whatever claims related to clinical benefit in COVID-19 treatment that the FDA may allow. Relatedly, the FDA required warning language to be placed on the remdesivir label related to a theoretical drug-drug interaction with other antimalarials based on in vitro (not clinical) data. Although we have conducted in vitro drug interactions studies of tafenoquine versus molnupiravir, remdesivir, and paxlovid, which do not suggest the possibility of clinically meaningful antagonism, we cannot guarantee these studies will discharge any theoretical risks or concerns regulators may have (including the need for disclaimers or warning labels).
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We will rely on contract research organizations to conduct substantial portions of our clinical trials, including any future clinical trial of Arakoda or Celgosivir, and as a result, we will be unable to directly control the timing, conduct and expense of all aspects of our clinical trials.
We do not currently have sufficient staff to conduct our clinical trials ourselves, and therefore, we will rely on third parties to conduct certain aspects of any future clinical trials. We previously contracted with a CRO to conduct components of our clinical trials and anticipate contracting with a CRO to conduct components of any future clinical trial for Arakoda or Celgosivir or any future clinical trials for our other product candidates. As a result, we will have less control over many details and steps of any clinical trial, the timing and completion of any clinical trial, the required reporting of adverse events and the management of data developed through any clinical trial than would be the case if we were relying entirely upon our own staff. Communicating with outside parties can also be challenging, potentially leading to mistakes as well as difficulties in coordinating activities. Outside parties, such as CROs, may have staffing difficulties, may undergo changes in priorities or may become financially distressed, adversely affecting their willingness or ability to conduct our clinical trial. We may experience unexpected cost increases that are beyond our control. Problems with the timeliness or quality of the work of a CRO may lead us to seek to terminate the relationship and use an alternative service provider. However, making any change may be costly and may delay ongoing trials, if any, and contractual restrictions may make such a change difficult or impossible. Additionally, it may be impossible to find a replacement organization that can conduct clinical trials in an acceptable manner and at an acceptable cost.
Even though we anticipate relying on CROs in the future, we will likely have to devote substantial resources and rely on the expertise of our employees to manage the work being done by the CROs. We and our management team have experience in managing clinical trials being executed on our behalf by CROs based on three clinical studies. Therefore, we cannot guarantee that our employees will manage such studies effectively in the future.
We expect to depend on existing and future collaborations with third parties for the development of some of our product candidates. If those collaborations are not successful, we may not be able to complete the development of these product candidates.
Collaborations involving our product candidates pose the following risks to us:
| • | collaborators have significant discretion in determining the efforts and resources that they will apply to these collaborations; |
| • | collaborators may not pursue development and commercialization of our product candidates or may elect not to continue or renew development or commercialization programs based on clinical trial results, changes in the collaborator’s strategic focus or available funding, or external factors such as an acquisition that diverts resources or creates competing priorities; |
| • | collaborators may delay clinical trials, provide insufficient funding for a clinical trial program, stop a clinical trial or abandon a product candidate, repeat or conduct new clinical trials or require a new formulation of a product candidate for clinical testing; |
| • | collaborators could independently develop, or develop with third parties, products that compete directly or indirectly with our product candidates if the collaborators believe that competitive products are more likely to be successfully developed or can be commercialized under terms that are more economically attractive than ours; |
| • | collaborators may not properly maintain or defend our intellectual property rights or may use our proprietary information in such a way as to invite litigation that could jeopardize or invalidate our proprietary information or expose us to potential litigation; |
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| • | collaborators may not comply with regulatory requirements and as a result their operations may be disrupted or ended until they resolve their regulatory issues with government officials; |
| • | disputes may arise between the collaborators and us that result in the delay or termination of the research, development or commercialization of our product candidates or that result in costly litigation or arbitration that diverts management attention and resources; |
| • | collaborations may be terminated and, if terminated, may result in a need for additional capital to pursue further development or commercialization of the applicable product candidates; |
| • | collaborators may elect to take over manufacturing rather than retain us as manufacturers and may encounter problems in starting up or gaining approval for their manufacturing facility and so be unable to continue development of product candidates; |
| • | we may be required to undertake the expenditure of substantial operational, financial and management resources in connection with any collaboration; |
| • | we may be required to issue equity securities to collaborators that would dilute our existing stockholders’ percentage ownership; |
| • | we may be required to assume substantial actual or contingent liabilities; |
| • | collaborators may not commit adequate resources to the marketing and distribution of our product candidates, limiting our potential revenues from these products; and |
| • | collaborators may experience financial difficulties. |
We face a number of challenges in seeking additional collaborations. Collaborations are complex and any potential discussions may not result in a definitive agreement for many reasons. For example, whether we reach a definitive agreement for a collaboration will depend, among other things, upon our assessment of the collaborator’s resources and expertise, the terms and conditions of the proposed collaboration, and the proposed collaborator’s evaluation of a number of factors, such as the design or results of our clinical trials, the potential market for our product candidates, the costs and complexities of manufacturing and delivering our product candidates to patients, the potential of competing products, the existence of uncertainty with respect to ownership or the coverage of our intellectual property, and industry and market conditions generally. If we were to determine that additional collaborations for our Arakoda or Celgosivir development program are necessary and were unable to enter into such collaborations on acceptable terms, we might elect to delay or scale back the development or commercialization of Arakoda, or Celgosivir in order to preserve our financial resources or to allow us adequate time to develop the required physical resources and systems and expertise ourselves.
Collaboration agreements may not lead to development or commercialization of our product candidates in the most efficient manner, or at all. In addition, there have been a significant number of recent business combinations among large pharmaceutical companies that have resulted in a reduced number of potential future collaborators. If a present or future collaborator of ours were to be involved in a business combination, the continued pursuit and emphasis on our product development or commercialization program could be delayed, diminished or terminated.
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Any future clinical trial for Arakoda will require screening for G6PD deficiency in order to safely administer the product. In the United States, G6PD testing can obtained through commercial pathology services which is associated with delays. The use of a third-party diagnostic provider of point of care testing may be required and we do not directly control the timing, conduct and expense of such testing.
According to prescribing information for Arakoda, administration of a test for G6PD deficiency is required before administration in order prevent the occurrence of hemolytic anemia that has been observed in some patients who have G6PD deficiency and were inadvertently administered Arakoda in clinical trials. Therefore, G6PD deficiency is an exclusion criteria in clinical trials involving Arakoda.
For clinical trials administered in the United States, G6PD testing is provided through commercial pathology companies including Labcorp and Quest Diagnostics. Such testing, while usually available with 72-hour turnaround time, may sometimes take much longer. There is a single FDA-approved point of care test (Abbott’s Binax Now) but this requires administration in a CLIA-certified laboratory, which not all clinical trial sites have access to.
For many clinical trials, and in particular those involving viral diseases, rapid administration of the investigational agent is required to maximize efficacy. Therefore, we will attempt to import and utilize hand-held point of care tests approved elsewhere in the world in our clinical trials involving Arakoda. We may not be successful in this process, which would compromise our ability to recruit patients or result in a lower-than-expected effect of Arakoda in such a trial.
Arakoda requires administration of a G6PD test. The lack of point of care tests may negatively impair sales of Arakoda.
A G6PD test need only be administered once and can be recorded in electronic health records for future reference. The commercial providers of G6PD testing in the United States will usually only commit to at best a 72-hour turn-around time for G6PD testing. Thus, while this does not present a problem in principle for the existing malaria indication for individuals who travel frequently, or for organizations with organized occupational health and safety programs where G6PD testing results are held on file, it may be a barrier to use of Arakoda by first time travelers or those planning to travel and hence be a barrier to use of Arakoda if prospective patients are unwilling or unable to take the G6PD test.
If it is confirmed that the mode of action of Arakoda in COVID-19 is via a direct antiviral mechanism, it is likely that, as with other antivirals, rapid administration of the product is important to maximize efficacy. Therefore, it is possible that the current lack of an FDA-approved, widely available point of care G6PD test will negatively impact sales of Arakoda for COVID-19, under the assumption that the FDA eventually approves Arakoda for this indication and appropriate G6PD tests are never approved by FDA.
Several third-party diagnostic test companies are developing point of care G6PD tests (or platforms that would accommodate them) that utilize finger stick blood samples and which may be appropriate for use in the United States. One of these tests is approved in Brazil and Australia.33 Another is available for use in Europe and was recently approved by the FDA in the United States.34 A third test is being developed with the NIH grant support for the U.S. and ex U.S. markets and is in clinical development.35 There is no guarantee that tests will succeed in clinical development or ever become commercially available to the public. Having to take a test at all, or to go to a third party lab in order to take the test, may be a hindrance to the use of Arakoda, which would negatively impact our sales.
Our product candidates are subject to extensive regulation, which can be costly and time-consuming, and unsuccessful or delayed regulatory approvals could increase our future development costs or impair our future revenue.
The preclinical and clinical development, testing, manufacture, safety, efficacy, labeling, storage, recordkeeping, and subsequent advertising, promotion, sale, marketing, and distribution, if approved, of our product candidates are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA and other regulatory authorities in the United States and elsewhere. These regulations also vary in important, meaningful ways from country to country. We are not permitted to market a potential new drug in the United States until we receive approval of a new drug application (“NDA”) from the FDA for such drug. We have received an NDA approval for Arakoda for malaria prevention, but have not received approval from the FDA for any non-malaria indications for Arakoda or any NDA approval from the FDA for Celgosivir or any of our other product candidates. There can be no guarantees with respect to our product candidates that clinical studies will adequately support an NDA, that the products will receive necessary regulatory approvals, or that they will prove to be commercially successful.
33 https://www.sdbiosensor.com/product/product_view?product_no=183.
34 Baebies Receives FDA 510(k) Clearance for G6PD Test on FINDER Platform | Baebies.
35 https://ivd.solutions/grant/.
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To receive regulatory approval for the commercial sale of any product candidates, we must demonstrate safety and efficacy in humans to the satisfaction of regulatory authorities through preclinical studies and adequate and well-controlled clinical trials of the product candidates. This process is expensive and can take many years, and failure can occur at any stage of the testing. Our failure to adequately demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our product candidates will prevent regulatory approval and commercialization of such products.
In the event that we or our collaborators conduct preclinical studies that do not comply with Good Laboratory Practices (“GLP”), or incorrectly design or carry out human clinical trials in accordance with Good Clinical Practices (“GCP”), or those clinical trials fail to demonstrate clinical significance, it is unlikely that we will be able to obtain FDA approval for product development candidates. Our inability to successfully initiate and effectively complete clinical trials for any product candidate on schedule, or at all, will severely harm our business. Significant delays in clinical development could materially increase product development costs or allow our competitors to bring products to market before we do, impairing our ability to effectively commercialize any future product candidate. We do not know whether planned clinical trials will begin on time, will need to be redesigned or will be completed on schedule, if at all. Clinical trials can be delayed for a variety of reasons, including:
| • | delays or failures in obtaining regulatory authorization to commence a trial because of safety concerns of regulators relating to our product candidates or similar product candidates of our competitors or failure to follow regulatory guidelines; |
| • | delays or failures in obtaining clinical materials and manufacturing sufficient quantities of the product candidates for use in trials; |
| • | delays or failures in reaching agreement on acceptable terms with prospective study sites; |
| • | delays or failures in obtaining approval of our clinical trial protocol from an IRB to conduct a clinical trial at a prospective study site; |
| • | delays in recruiting patients to participate in a clinical trial, which may be due to the size of the patient population, eligibility criteria, protocol design, perceived risks and benefits of the drug, availability of other approved and standard of care therapies or, availability of clinical trial sites; |
| • | other clinical trials seeking to enroll subjects with similar profile; |
| • | failure of our clinical trials and clinical investigators to be in compliance with GCP; |
| • | unforeseen safety issues, including negative results from ongoing preclinical studies; |
| • | inability to monitor patients adequately during or after treatment; |
| • | difficulty recruiting and monitoring multiple study sites; and |
| • | failure of our third-party contract research organizations, clinical site organizations and other clinical trial managers, to satisfy their contractual duties, comply with regulations or meet expected deadlines; and |
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| • | an insufficient number of patients who have, or are willing to have, a device implanted for monitoring and recording data. |
In addition, any approvals we may obtain may not cover all of the clinical indications for which we seek approval or permit us to make claims of superiority over currently marketed competitive products. Also, an approval might contain significant limitations in the form of narrow indications, warnings, precautions or contraindications with respect to conditions of use. If the FDA determines that a risk evaluation and mitigation strategy (“REMS”) is necessary to ensure that the benefits of the drug outweigh the risks, we may be required to include as part of the NDA a proposed REMS that may include a package insert directed to patients, a plan for communication with healthcare providers, restrictions on a drug’s distribution, or a medication guide to provide better information to consumers about the drug’s risks and benefits. Finally, approval could be conditioned on our commitment to conduct further clinical trials, which we may not have the resources to conduct or which may negatively impact our financial situation.
The manufacture and tableting of Arakoda or Celgosivir is, or will be done, by third party suppliers, who must also meet current Good Manufacturing Practices (“cGMP”) requirements and pass a pre-approval inspection of their facilities before we obtain marketing approval (now or in the future). All of our product candidates are prone to the risks of failure inherent in drug development. The results from preclinical animal testing and early human clinical trials may not be predictive of results obtained in later human clinical trials. Further, although a new product may show promising results in preclinical or early human clinical trials, it may subsequently prove unfeasible or impossible to generate sufficient safety and efficacy data to obtain necessary regulatory approvals. The data obtained from preclinical and clinical studies are susceptible to varying interpretations that may delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval, and the FDA and other regulatory authorities in the United States and elsewhere exercise substantial discretion in the drug approval process. The numbers, size and design of preclinical studies and clinical trials that will be required for FDA or other regulatory approval will vary depending on the product candidate, the disease or condition for which the product candidate is intended to be used and the regulations and guidance documents applicable to any particular product candidate. The FDA or other regulators can delay, limit or deny approval of any product candidate for many reasons, including, but not limited to:
| • | side effects; |
| • | safety and efficacy; |
| • | defects in the design of clinical trials; |
| • | new understanding related to the pharmacology of other related drug products and their side effects; |
| • | the fact that the FDA or other regulatory officials may not approve our or our third-party manufacturer’s processes or facilities; or |
| • | the fact that new regulations may be enacted by the FDA or other regulators may change their approval policies or adopt new regulations requiring new or different evidence of safety and efficacy for the intended use of a product candidate. |
In light of widely publicized events concerning the safety of certain drug products, regulatory authorities, members of Congress, the Government Accountability Office, medical professionals and the general public have raised concerns about potential drug safety issues. These events have resulted in the withdrawal of certain drug products, revisions to certain drug labeling that further limit use of the drug products and establishment of risk management programs that may, for instance, restrict distribution of drug products. The increased attention to drug safety issues may result in a more cautious approach by the FDA to clinical trials and approval. Data from clinical trials may receive greater scrutiny with respect to safety and the product’s risk/benefit profile, which may make the FDA or other regulatory authorities more likely to terminate clinical trials before completion, or require longer or additional clinical trials that may result in substantial additional expense, and a delay or failure in obtaining approval or approval for a more limited indication than originally sought. Aside from issues concerning the quality and sufficiency of submitted preclinical and clinical data, the FDA may be constrained by limited resources from reviewing and determining the approvability of an NDA or regulatory supplement for Arakoda for non-malaria indications or of a Celgosivir NDA in a timely manner.
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In pursuing clinical development of Arakoda for a non-malaria indication or Celgosivir for other indications, we will be required to amend existing prescribing information, or prepare a new NDA or EUA (if appropriate). The FDA could approve Arakoda or Celgosivir, but without including some or all of the prescribing information that we have requested. For instance, the FDA could approve Arakoda or Celgosivir for atrial fibrillation in a more limited patient population or include additional warnings in the drug’s label. This, in turn, could substantially and detrimentally impact our ability to successfully commercialize Arakoda or Celgosivir and effectively protect our intellectual property rights in Arakoda or Celgosivir.
If we are not able to successfully develop, obtain FDA approval for, and provide for the commercialization of non-malaria indications for Arakoda or Celgosivir in a timely manner, we may not be able to expand our business operations.
We currently have only a single product (Arakoda for malaria prevention) that has received regulatory approval for commercial sale. The process to develop, obtain regulatory approval for and commercialize potential product candidates is long, complex and costly. Any future development of Arakoda (for a non-malaria indication) or Celgosivir, including initiating clinical trials, is dependent on obtaining additional financing, even if we enter into a strategic collaboration.
Failure to demonstrate that a product candidate, including Arakoda for non-malaria indications, or, in the future, Celgosivir, is safe and effective, or significant delays in demonstrating such safety and efficacy, would adversely affect our business. Failure to obtain marketing approval of Arakoda (for non-malaria indications) or Celgosivir from appropriate regulatory authorities, or significant delays in obtaining such approval, would also adversely affect our business and could, among other things, preclude us from completing a strategic transaction or obtaining additional financing necessary to continue as a going concern.
Even if approved for sale, a product candidate must be successfully commercialized to generate value. Although we plan to undertake limited efforts through a contracts sales organization to begin commercialization activities for Arakoda for malaria prevention, we do not currently have the capital resources or management expertise to commercialize Arakoda for non-malaria indications, or Celgosivir or any of our other product candidates and, as a result, will need to complete a strategic transaction, or, alternatively, raise substantial additional funds to enable commercialization of Arakoda, or Celgosivir or any of our other product candidates, if approved. Failure to successfully provide for the commercialization of Arakoda for its current malaria prevention application, or Arakoda for non-malaria indications or Celgosivir or any other product candidate, would damage our business.
If our product candidates receive regulatory approval, we would be subject to ongoing regulatory obligations and restrictions, and possible litigation exposure, which may result in significant expenses and limit our ability to develop and commercialize other potential products.
If a product candidate of ours is approved by the FDA or by another regulatory authority, we would be held to extensive regulatory requirements over product manufacturing, testing, distribution, labeling, packaging, adverse event reporting and other reporting to regulatory authorities, storage, advertising, marketing, promotion, distribution, and record keeping. Regulatory approvals may also be subject to significant limitations on the indicated uses or marketing of the product candidates. Potentially costly follow-up or post-marketing clinical studies may be required as a condition of approval to further substantiate safety or efficacy, or to investigate specific issues of interest to the regulatory authority. Previously unknown problems with the product candidate, including adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency, may result in additional regulatory controls or restrictions on the marketing or use of the product or the need for post marketing studies, and could include suspension or withdrawal of the products from the market.
Furthermore, our third-party manufacturers and the manufacturing facilities that they use to make our product candidates are regulated by the FDA. Quality control and manufacturing procedures must continue to conform to cGMP after approval. Drug manufacturers and their subcontractors are required to register their facilities and products manufactured annually with the FDA and certain state agencies and are subject to periodic unannounced inspections by the FDA, state and/or other foreign authorities. Any subsequent discovery of problems with a product, or a manufacturing or laboratory facility used by us or our collaborators, may result in restrictions on the product, or on the manufacturing or laboratory facility, including a withdrawal of the drug from the market or suspension of manufacturing. Any changes to an approved product, including the way it is manufactured or promoted, often require FDA approval before the product, as modified, can be marketed. We and our third-party manufacturers will also be subject to ongoing FDA requirements for submission of safety and other post-market information.
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The marketing and advertising of our drug products by our collaborators or us will be regulated by the FDA, certain state agencies or foreign regulatory authorities including the Federal Trade Commission. Violations of these laws and regulations, including promotion of our products for unapproved “off-label” uses or failing to disclose risk information, are punishable by criminal and civil sanctions and may result in the issuance of enforcement letters or other enforcement action by the FDA, U.S. Department of Justice, state agencies, or foreign regulatory authorities that could jeopardize our ability to market the product.
In addition to the FDA, state or foreign regulations, the marketing of our drug products by us or our collaborators will be regulated by federal, state or foreign laws pertaining to health care “fraud and abuse,” such as the federal anti-kickback law prohibiting bribes, kickbacks or other remuneration for the order or recommendation of items or services reimbursed by federal health care programs. Many states have similar laws applicable to items or services reimbursed by commercial insurers. Violations of these laws are punishable by criminal and civil sanctions, including, in some instances, imprisonment and exclusion from participation in federal and state health care programs, including the Medicare, Medicaid and Veterans Affairs healthcare programs. Because of the far-reaching nature of these laws, we may be required to discontinue one or more of our practices to be in compliance with these laws. Healthcare fraud and abuse regulations are complex, and even minor irregularities can potentially give rise to claims that a statute or prohibition has been violated. Any violations of these laws, or any action against us for violations of these laws, even if we successfully defend against it, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If we, our collaborators or our third-party manufacturers fail to comply with applicable continuing regulatory requirements, our business could be seriously harmed because a regulatory agency may:
| • | issue untitled or warning letters; |
| • | suspend or withdraw our regulatory approval for approved products; |
| • | seize or detain products or recommend a product recall of a drug or medical device, or issue a mandatory recall of a medical device; |
| • | refuse import or export of any of our drug products; |
| • | refuse to approve pending applications or supplements to approved applications filed by us; |
| • | suspend our ongoing clinical trials; |
| • | restrict our operations, including costly new manufacturing requirements, or restrict the sale, marketing and/or distribution of our products; |
| • | seek an injunction; |
| • | pursue criminal prosecutions; |
| • | close the facilities of our contract manufacturers; or |
| • | impose civil or criminal penalties. |
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We could become subject to false claims litigation under federal statutes, which can lead to civil money penalties, restitution, criminal fines and imprisonment, and exclusion from participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other federal and state health care programs.
False claims statutes include the False Claims Act, which allows any person to bring a suit on behalf of the federal government alleging submission of false or fraudulent claims, or causing to present such false or fraudulent claims, under federal programs or contracts claims or other violations of the statute and to share in any amounts paid by the entity to the government in fines or settlement. These suits against pharmaceutical companies have increased significantly in volume and breadth in recent years. Some of these suits have been brought on the basis of certain sales practices promoting drug products for unapproved uses. This new growth in litigation has increased the risk that a pharmaceutical company will have to defend a false claim action, pay fines or restitution, or be excluded from the Medicare, Medicaid, Veterans Affairs and other federal and state healthcare programs as a result of an investigation arising out of such action. We may become subject to such litigation and, if we are not successful in defending against such actions, those actions may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We could also become subject to false claims litigation and consumer protection claims under state statutes, which also could lead to civil monetary penalties, restitution, criminal fines and imprisonment, and exclusion from participation in state health care programs. Of note, over the past few years there has been an increased focus on the sales and marketing practices of the pharmaceutical industry at both the federal and state level. Additionally, the law or regulatory policies governing pharmaceuticals may change. New statutory requirements may be enacted or additional regulations may be adopted that could prevent or delay regulatory approval of our product candidates or limit our ability to commercialize our products. We cannot predict the likelihood, nature or extent of adverse government regulation that may arise from future legislation or administrative action, either in the United States or elsewhere.
Failure to be included in formularies developed by MCOs and other organizations may impact the use of our products.
Managed Care Organizations (“MCOs”) and other third-party payers try to negotiate the pricing of medical services and products to control their costs. MCOs and pharmacy benefit managers (“PBMs”) typically develop formularies to reduce their cost for medications. These formularies can be based on the prices and therapeutic benefits of the available products. The breadth of the products covered by formularies varies considerably from one MCO to another, and many formularies include alternative and competitive products for treatment of particular medical conditions. Failure to be included in such formularies or to achieve favorable formulary status may negatively impact the use of our products. If our products are not included within an adequate number of formularies, additional coverage criteria are required or if the patient’s cost-sharing obligations are high, our market share and gross margins could be adversely impacted, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Even if we obtain regulatory approvals and market our products as planned, there is no guarantee of widespread market acceptance and the results of our efforts to commercialize our products are uncertain.
Even if we are able to obtain and maintain regulatory approvals for our products, the success of our products depends upon achieving and maintaining market acceptance. Commercializing products is time-consuming, expensive and unpredictable. Furthermore, the market for products that address unmet medical needs is highly speculative. If we overestimate the market opportunity for any of our products or candidates, or if we are unsuccessful in gaining market share, these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully commercialize our products or gain market acceptance for such products, including in new markets. New product candidates that appear promising in development may fail to reach the market or may have only limited or no commercial success. If any of our products fail to gain, or lose, market acceptance, our revenues could be adversely impacted, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business.
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Levels of market acceptance for our products could be impacted by several factors, some of which are not within our control, including, among others:
| • | safety, efficacy, convenience and cost-effectiveness of our products as compared to products of our competitors; |
| • | scope of approved uses and marketing approval; |
| • | availability of patent or regulatory exclusivity; |
| • | timing of market approvals and market entry; |
| • | availability of alternative products from our competitors; |
| • | acceptance of the price of our products; |
| • | the shelf life of our products; |
| • | effectiveness of our sales forces and promotional efforts; |
| • | the level of reimbursement of our products; |
| • | acceptance of our products on government and private formularies; |
| • | ability to market our products effectively at the retail level or in the appropriate setting of care; and |
| • | reputation of our products. |
Unexpected safety, efficacy or other concerns, whether actual or perceived, about our products may arise which could have a material adverse effect on our business and operations.
Unexpected safety or efficacy concerns can arise with respect to our products, whether or not scientifically justified. These concerns are especially more likely to arise as our products are used or studied over longer periods of time or used by a wider group of patients, some of whom may be taking other medicines or have additional underlying health problems. Such developments can potentially result in product recalls, withdrawals and/or declining sales, as well as product liability, consumer fraud and/or other claims, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Any negative publicity about any of our products, such as the discovery of safety or efficacy issues, adverse events involving our products or even public rumors about such events, could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, the discovery of one or more significant problems with a product similar to one of our products that implicates (or are perceived to implicate) an entire class of products, or the withdrawal or recall of such similar products, could have an adverse effect on the sales of our products. New data about our products, or products similar to our products, could also cause us reputational harm and could negatively impact demand for our products (or result in product withdrawal), due to real or perceived side effects or uncertainty regarding safety or efficacy.
Reliance on third parties to commercialize Arakoda or Celgosivir or our other product candidates could negatively impact our business. If we are required to establish a direct sales force in the United States and are unable to do so, our business may be harmed.
We have received FDA approval of Arakoda for malaria prevention. Arakoda entered the U.S. commercial supply chain in the third quarter of 2019. Sales have been limited due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and we accordingly suspended our efforts to build internal sales and marketing capability. We intend to pursue additional institutional procurement by U.S. government agencies through a lobbying effort, but may not establish our own sales force while pursuing development of our products.
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Future commercialization of Arakoda for non-malaria indications, or Celgosivir or any other product candidate, if approved, particularly the establishment of a sales organization, will require substantial additional capital resources. We currently intend to pursue a strategic partnership alternative for the commercialization of Arakoda for non-malaria indications, or Celgosivir, if it is approved, and we have suspended our efforts to build internal sales, marketing and distribution capabilities. If we elect to rely on third parties to sell Arakoda, or Celgosivir and any other products, then we may receive less revenue than if we sold such products directly. In addition, we may have little or no control over the sales efforts of those third parties. If we are unable to complete a strategic transaction, we would be unable to commercialize Arakoda, or Celgosivir or any other product candidate without substantial additional capital. Even if such capital were secured, we would be required to rely on our existing distribution network in place through prime vendors for sales and marketing and capabilities, since we lack our own internal resources to directly sell and market Arakoda, or Celgosivir in the United States. None of our current employees have experience in establishing and managing a sales force.
In the event we are unable to establish an effective sales channel for Arakoda, or Celgosivir and other selected product candidates, either directly or through third parties via a strategic transaction, the commercialization of Arakoda for non-malaria indications, or Celgosivir, if approved, may be delayed indefinitely and our revenues will be impaired.
We may explore new strategic collaborations that may never materialize or may fail.
We may, in the future, periodically explore a variety of new strategic collaborations in an effort to gain access to additional product candidates or resources. At the current time, we cannot predict what form such a strategic collaboration might take. We are likely to face significant competition in seeking appropriate strategic collaborators, and these strategic collaborations can be complicated and time-consuming to negotiate and document. We may not be able to negotiate strategic collaborations on acceptable terms, or at all. We are unable to predict when, if ever, we will enter into any additional strategic collaborations because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with establishing strategic collaborations.
We have no manufacturing capacity, which puts us at risk of lengthy and costly delays of bringing our products to market.
We do not currently operate manufacturing facilities for clinical or commercial production of our product candidates, including their active pharmaceutical ingredients (“API”). We have no experience in drug formulation or manufacturing, and we lack the resources and the capabilities to manufacture any of our product candidates on a clinical or commercial scale. We do not intend to develop Company-owned facilities for the manufacture of product candidates for clinical trials or commercial purposes in the foreseeable future. We have contracted with Piramal to manufacture the API for Arakoda. For drug product, we previously contracted with Piramal to manufacture the Arakoda tablets (and placebos) for commercial and clinical use and with PCI in the United States for secondary packaging. In addition, we contracted with a separate service provider for packaging and distribution of our clinical trial materials. We may also need to contract with similar manufacturers for similar services in connection with any planned or future clinical trials of Arakoda and Celgosivir.
Our contract manufacturers may not perform as agreed or may not remain in the contract manufacturing business for the time required to successfully produce, store and distribute our products. In addition, these manufacturers may have staffing difficulties, may not be able to manufacture our products on a timely basis or may become financially distressed. In the event of errors in forecasting production quantities required to meet demand, natural disaster, equipment malfunctions or failures, technology malfunctions, strikes, lock-outs or work stoppages, regional power outages, product tampering, war or terrorist activities, actions of regulatory authorities, business failure, strike or other difficulty, we may be unable to find an alternative third-party manufacturer in a timely manner and the production of our product candidates would be interrupted, resulting in delays and additional costs, which could impact our ability to commercialize and sell our product candidates. We or our contract manufacturers may also fail to achieve and maintain required manufacturing standards, which could result in patient injury or death, product recalls or withdrawals, an order by governmental authorities to halt production, delays or failures in product testing or delivery, stability testing failures, cost overruns or other problems that could seriously hurt our business.
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Contract manufacturers also often encounter difficulties involving production yields, quality control and quality assurance, as well as shortages of qualified personnel. In addition, our contract manufacturers are subject to ongoing inspections and regulation by the FDA, the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency and corresponding foreign and state agencies and they may fail to meet these agencies’ acceptable standards of compliance. If our contract manufacturers fail to comply with applicable governmental regulations, such as quality control, quality assurance and the maintenance of records and documentation, we may not be able to continue production of the API or finished product. If the safety of any API or product supplied is compromised due to failure to adhere to applicable laws or for other reasons, this may jeopardize our regulatory approval for Arakoda, or Celgosivir and other product candidates, and we may be held liable for any injuries sustained as a result. Upon the occurrence of one of the aforementioned events, the ability to switch manufacturers may be difficult for a number of reasons, including:
| • | the number of potential manufacturers is limited and we may not be able to negotiate agreements with alternative manufacturers on commercially reasonable terms, if at all; |
| • | long lead times are often needed to manufacture drugs; |
| • | the manufacturing process is complex and may require a significant learning curve; and |
| • | the FDA must approve any replacement prior to manufacturing, which requires new testing and compliance inspections. |
Our contract manufacturers are subject to significant regulation with respect to the manufacturing of our products.
All entities involved in the preparation of a product candidate for clinical trials or commercial sale, including our contract manufacturing organizations used for bulk product manufacturing and filling and finishing of our bulk product, are subject to extensive regulation. Components of a finished product approved for commercial sale or used in late-stage clinical trials must be manufactured in accordance with cGMP. These regulations govern manufacturing processes and procedures, including record keeping, and the implementation and operation of quality systems to control and assure the quality of investigational products and products approved for sale. The facilities and quality systems of some or all of our third-party contractors must pass a pre-approval inspection for compliance with the applicable regulations as a condition of any regulatory approval of our product candidates. In addition, the regulatory authorities may, at any time, audit or inspect a manufacturing facility involved with the preparation of our product candidates or the associated quality systems for compliance with the regulations applicable to the activities being conducted.
The regulatory authorities also may, at any time following approval of a product for sale, audit the manufacturing facilities of our third-party contractors or raw material suppliers. If any such inspection or audit identifies a failure to comply with applicable regulations or if a violation of our product specifications or applicable regulations occurs independent of such an inspection or audit, the relevant regulatory authority may require remedial measures that may be costly and time-consuming to implement and that may include the temporary or permanent suspension of a clinical trial or commercial sales or the temporary or permanent closure of a facility. Our third-party contractors or raw material suppliers may refuse to implement remedial measures required by regulatory authorities. Any failure to comply with applicable manufacturing regulations or failure to implement required remedial measures imposed upon third parties with whom we contract could materially harm our business.
We rely on relationships with third-party contract manufacturers and raw material suppliers, which limits our ability to control the availability of, and manufacturing costs for, our product candidates.
Problems with any of our contract manufacturers’ or raw material suppliers’ facilities or processes, could prevent or delay the production of adequate supplies of finished products. This could delay clinical trials or delay and reduce commercial sales and materially harm our business. Any prolonged delay or interruption in the operations of our collaborators’ facilities or contract manufacturers’ facilities could result in cancellation of shipments, loss of components in the process of being manufactured or a shortfall in availability of a product candidate or products. A number of factors could cause interruptions, including, but not limited to:
| • | the inability of a supplier to provide raw materials; |
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| • | equipment malfunctions or failures at the facilities of our collaborators or suppliers; |
| • | high process failure rates; |
| • | damage to facilities due to natural or man-made disasters; |
| • | changes in regulatory requirements or standards that require modifications to our or our collaborators’ and suppliers’ manufacturing processes; |
| • | action by regulatory authorities or by us that results in the halting or slowdown of production of components or finished product at our facilities or the facilities of our collaborators or suppliers; |
| • | problems that delay or prevent manufacturing technology transfer to another facility, contract manufacturer or collaborator with subsequent delay or inability to start up a commercial facility; |
| • | a contract manufacturer or supplier going out of business, undergoing a capacity shortfall or otherwise failing to produce product as contractually required; |
| • | employee or contractor misconduct or negligence; and |
| • | shipping delays, losses or interruptions; and other similar factors. |
Because manufacturing processes are complex and are subject to a lengthy regulatory approval process, alternative qualified production capacity and sufficiently trained or qualified personnel may not be available on a timely or cost-effective basis or at all. Difficulties or delays in our contract manufacturers' production of drug substances could delay our clinical trials, increase our costs, damage our reputation and cause us to lose revenue and market share if we are unable to timely meet market demand for any products that are approved for sale.
The manufacturing process for our product candidates has several components that are sourced from a single manufacturer. If we utilize an alternative manufacturer or alternative component, we may be required to demonstrate comparability of the drug product before releasing the product for clinical use and we may not be to find an alternative supplier.
Further, if our contract manufacturers are not in compliance with regulatory requirements at any stage, including post-marketing approval, we may be fined, forced to remove a product from the market and/or experience other adverse consequences, including delays, which could materially harm our business.
Even if one of our product candidates receives marketing approval, it may fail to achieve the degree of market acceptance by physicians, patients, third-party payors and others in the medical community necessary for commercial success, in which case we may not generate significant revenues or become profitable.
Physicians are often reluctant to switch their patients from existing therapies even when new and potentially more effective or convenient treatments enter the market. Further, patients often acclimate to the therapy that they are currently taking and do not want to switch unless their physicians recommend switching products or they are required to switch therapies due to lack of reimbursement for existing therapies.
Efforts to educate the medical community and third-party payors on the benefits of our product candidates may require significant resources and may not be successful. If any of our product candidates is approved but does not achieve an adequate level of market acceptance, we may not generate significant revenues and we may not become profitable. The degree of market acceptance of our product candidates, if approved for commercial sale, will depend on a number of factors, including:
| • | the efficacy and safety of the product; |
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| • | the potential advantages of the product compared to competitive therapies; |
| • | the prevalence and severity of any side effects; |
| • | the clinical indications for which the product is approved; |
| • | whether the product is designated under physician treatment guidelines as a first-, second- or third-line therapy; |
| • | the product’s convenience and ease of administration compared to alternative treatments; |
| • | the willingness of the target patient population to try, and of physicians to prescribe, the product; |
| • | limitations or warnings, including distribution or use restrictions contained in the product’s approved labeling; |
| • | the approval of other new products for the same indications; |
| • | changes in the standard of care for the targeted indications for the product; and |
| • | availability and amount of coverage and reimbursement from government payors, managed care plans and other third-party payors. |
Our future growth depends on our ability to successfully commercialize Arakoda, Celgosivir and our other product candidates, and we can provide no assurance that we will successfully commercialize Arakoda, Celgosivir and other product candidates.
Our future growth depends on our ability to successfully commercialize Arakoda, Celgosivir and our other product candidates, including our ability to:
| • | conduct additional clinical trials and develop and obtain regulatory approval for Arakoda, Celgosivir or other product candidates; |
| • | successfully partner a companion genetic test (if required by the FDA) with the commercialization of Arakoda and Celgosivir; |
| • | pursue additional indications for Arakoda and Celgosivir and develop other product candidates, including other therapies; and |
| • | obtain commercial quantities of Arakoda and Celgosivir or other product candidates at acceptable cost levels. |
Any one of these or other factors could affect our ability to successfully commercialize products.
If approved by the FDA, Arakoda for non-malaria indications, and Celgosivir, will be entering a competitive marketplace and may not succeed.
Our commercial opportunity may be reduced or eliminated if competitors develop and commercialize products that are safer, more effective, have fewer side effects, are more convenient or are less expensive than Arakoda and Celgosivir. If products with any of these properties are developed, or any of the existing products are better marketed, then Arakoda and Celgosivir could be rendered obsolete and noncompetitive. Further, public announcements regarding the development of any such competing drugs could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and the value of our assets.
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State-specific regulatory activities may negatively affect our business.
In the United States, individual state governments regulate certain aspects of the pharmaceutical industry including price transparency, requirements in some cases to obtain state licenses, compliance with cGMPs, and for environmental stewardship/take-back programs. For distribution of Arakoda, we have employed a “title model” approach to distribution which limits the extent of state licenses required, and we have contracted with third party organizations to ensure we are participating in appropriate stewardship/take programs, and have complied (or have a process in place to comply) with state licensing/price transparency requirements that we are aware of. However, we cannot guarantee that we will be compliant with all state regulations, or that we will become aware of and act on any new requirements (which are constantly changing) in time to ensure 100% compliance at all times. State compliance is expensive and new requirements may impose new costs we were not previously aware of.
Health care reform measures could materially and adversely affect our business.
The business and financial condition of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies are affected by the efforts of governmental and third-party payors to contain or reduce the costs of health care. The U.S. Congress has enacted legislation to reform the health care system. While we anticipate that this legislation may, over time, increase the number of patients who have insurance coverage for pharmaceutical products, it also imposes cost containment measures that may adversely affect the amount of reimbursement for pharmaceutical products. These measures include increasing the minimum rebates for products covered by Medicaid programs and extending such rebates to drugs dispensed to Medicaid beneficiaries enrolled in Medicaid managed care organizations as well as expansion of the 340(B) Public Health Services drug discount program. In addition, such legislation contains a number of provisions designed to generate the revenues necessary to fund the coverage expansion, including new fees or taxes on certain health-related industries, including medical device manufacturers. Each medical device manufacturer has to pay an excise tax (or sales tax) in an amount equal to 2.3% of the price for which such manufacturer sells its medical devices. Such excise taxes may impact any potential sales of the genetic test if it is approved for marketing. On January 22, 2018, legislation was enacted suspending the medical device tax in 2018 and 2019. In December 2019, a permanent repeal of the medical device tax was enacted. The Celgosivir test is likely to be subject to this tax if this tax is reinstated in the future. In foreign jurisdictions there have been, and we expect that there will continue to be, a number of legislative and regulatory proposals aimed at changing the health care system. For example, in some countries other than the United States, pricing of prescription drugs is subject to government control and we expect to see continued efforts to reduce healthcare costs in international markets.
In August 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 was signed into law. This law requires the federal government to negotiate prices for a small number of high-cost drugs covered under Medicare, requires drug manufacturers to pay rebates to Medicare if they increase prices faster than inflation for drugs used by Medicare beneficiaries, and caps Medicare beneficiaries’ out-of-pocket spending under the Medicare Part D benefit. This legislation could create more demand for negotiated drug prices and further government control of prescription drug pricing. Future legal restrictions regarding our ability to price our drugs could affect our revenues and our business going forward.
Additionally, federal, state and local governments continue to consider legislation to limit the growth of healthcare costs, including the cost of prescription drugs and combination products. Since 2017, several states and local governments have either implemented or are considering implementation of price transparency legislation that may prevent or limit our ability to take price increases at certain rates or frequencies. If adequate reimbursement levels are not maintained by government and other third-party payers for our products, our ability to sell our products may be limited and our ability to establish acceptable pricing levels may be impaired, thereby reducing anticipated revenues and profitability. Further, the pace of change and varying demands of state requirements may render it very difficult to comply with these various laws, and failure to comply with these regulations could expose us to substantial financial penalties and the potential for adverse publicity.
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Some states are also considering legislation that would control the prices of drugs, and state Medicaid programs are increasingly requesting manufacturers to pay supplemental rebates and requiring prior authorization by the state program for use of any drug for which supplemental rebates are not being paid. Managed care organizations continue to seek price discounts and, in some cases, to impose restrictions on the coverage of particular drugs. Government efforts to reduce Medicaid expenses may lead to increased use of managed care organizations by Medicaid programs. This may result in managed care organizations influencing prescription decisions for a larger segment of the population and a corresponding constraint on prices and reimbursement for drugs. It is likely that federal and state legislatures and health agencies will continue to focus on additional health care reform in the future although we are unable to predict what additional legislation or regulation, if any, relating to the health care industry or third-party coverage and reimbursement may be enacted in the future or what effect such legislation or regulation would have on our business. We or any strategic partner’s ability to commercialize Celgosivir, or any other product candidates that we may seek to commercialize, is highly dependent on the extent to which coverage and reimbursement for these product candidates will be available from government payors, such as Medicare and Medicaid, private health insurers, including managed care organizations, and other third-party payors, and any change in reimbursement levels could materially and adversely affect our business. Further, the pendency or approval of future proposals or reforms could result in a decrease in our stock price or limit our ability to raise capital or to obtain strategic partnerships or licenses.
Our employees may engage in misconduct or other improper activities, including noncompliance with regulatory standards and requirements, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We are exposed to the risk of employee fraud or other misconduct. Misconduct by employees could include intentional failures to comply with FDA regulations, provide accurate information to the FDA, comply with manufacturing standards we have established, comply with federal and state health-care fraud and abuse laws and regulations, report financial information or data accurately or disclose unauthorized activities to us. In particular, sales, marketing and business arrangements in the healthcare industry are subject to extensive laws and regulations intended to prevent fraud, kickbacks, self-dealing and other abusive practices. These laws and regulations may restrict or prohibit a wide range of pricing, discounting, marketing and promotion, sales commission, customer incentive programs and other business arrangements.
Employee misconduct could also involve the improper use of information obtained in the course of clinical trials, which could result in regulatory sanctions and serious harm to our reputation. It is not always possible to identify and deter employee misconduct, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent misconduct may not be effective in controlling unknown or unmanaged risks or losses or in protecting us from governmental investigations or other actions or lawsuits stemming from a failure to be in compliance with such laws or regulations. If any such actions are instituted against us, and we are not successful in defending ourselves or asserting our rights, those actions could have a significant impact on our business and results of operations, including the imposition of significant civil, criminal, and administrative penalties, damages, fines, disgorgement, individual imprisonment, exclusion from governmental funded healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, contractual damages, reputational harm, diminished profits and future earnings, additional reporting obligations and oversight if subject to a corporate integrity agreement or other agreement to resolve allegations of non-compliance with these laws.
Our competitors may be better positioned in the marketplace and thereby may be more successful than us at developing, manufacturing and marketing approved products.
Many of our competitors currently have significantly greater financial resources and expertise in conducting clinical trials, obtaining regulatory approvals, and managing manufacturing and marketing approved products than us. Other early-stage companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large and established companies. In addition, these third parties compete with us in recruiting and retaining qualified scientific and management personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and patient registration for clinical trials, as well as in acquiring therapies and therapy licenses complementary to our programs or advantageous to our business. We expect that our ability to compete effectively will depend upon our ability to:
| • | successfully and rapidly complete clinical trials for any product candidates and obtain all requisite regulatory approvals in a cost-effective manner; |
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| • | build an adequate sales and marketing infrastructure, raise additional funding, or enter into strategic transactions enabling the commercialization of our products; |
| • | develop competitive formulations of our product candidates; |
| • | attract and retain key personnel; and |
| • | identify and obtain other product candidates on commercially reasonable terms. |
We compete in an industry characterized by extensive research and development efforts and rapid technological progress. New discoveries or commercial developments by our competitors could render our potential products obsolete or non-competitive.
New developments occur and are expected to continue to occur at a rapid pace in our industry, and there can be no assurance that discoveries or commercial developments by our competitors will not render some or all of our potential products obsolete or non-competitive, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. New data from commercial and clinical-stage products continue to emerge and it is possible that these data may alter current standards of care, completely precluding us from further developing our product candidates or preventing us from getting them approved by regulatory agencies. Further, it is possible that we may initiate a clinical trial or trials for our product candidates, only to find that data from competing products make it impossible for us to complete enrollment in these trials, resulting in our inability to file for marketing approval with regulatory agencies. Even if these products are approved for marketing in a particular indication or indications, they may have limited sales due to particularly intense competition in these markets.
We expect to compete with fully integrated and well-established pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies in the near- and long-term. Most of these companies have substantially greater financial, research and development, manufacturing and marketing experience and resources than we do and represent substantial long-term competition for us. Such companies may succeed in discovering and developing pharmaceutical products more rapidly than we do or pharmaceutical products that are safer, more effective or less costly than any that we may develop. Such companies also may be more successful than we are in manufacturing, sales and marketing. Smaller companies may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborative arrangements with large pharmaceutical and established biotechnology companies. Academic institutions, governmental agencies and other public and private research organizations also conduct clinical trials, seek patent protection and establish collaborative arrangements for the development of product candidates.
We expect competition among products will be based on product efficacy and safety, the timing and scope of regulatory approvals, availability of supply, marketing and sales capabilities, reimbursement coverage, price and patent position. There can be no assurance that our competitors will not develop safer and more effective products, commercialize products earlier than we do, or obtain patent protection or intellectual property rights that limit our ability to commercialize our products.
There can be no assurance that our issued patents or pending patent applications, if issued, will not be challenged, invalidated or circumvented or that the rights granted thereunder will provide us with proprietary protection or a competitive advantage.
We would be subject to applicable regulatory approval requirements of the foreign countries in which we market our products, which are costly and may prevent or delay us from marketing our products in those countries.
In addition to regulatory requirements in the United States, we would be subject to the regulatory approval requirements in each foreign country where we market our products. Also, we might be required to identify one or more collaborators in these foreign countries to develop, seek approval for and manufacture our products and any companion genetic test that may be required for Arakoda or Celgosivir. If we decide to pursue regulatory approvals and commercialization of our product candidates internationally, we may not be able to obtain the required foreign regulatory approvals on a timely basis, if at all, and any failure to do so may cause us to incur additional costs or prevent us from marketing our products in foreign countries, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Failure to comply with data protection laws and regulations could lead to government enforcement actions (which could include civil or criminal penalties), private litigation, and/or adverse publicity and could negatively affect our operating results and business.
We and our partners may be subject to federal, state, and foreign data protection laws and regulations (i.e., laws and regulations that address privacy and data security). In the United States, numerous federal and state laws and regulations, including state data breach notification laws, state health information privacy laws, and federal and state consumer protection laws and regulations (e.g., Section 5 of the FTC Act), that govern the collection, use, disclosure, and protection of health-related and other personal information could apply to our operations or the operations of our partners. In addition, we may obtain health information from third parties (including research institutions from which we obtain clinical trial data) that are subject to privacy and security requirements under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended (“HIPAA”). Depending on the facts and circumstances, we could be subject to criminal penalties if we knowingly obtain, use, or disclose individually identifiable health information maintained by a HIPAA-covered entity in a manner that is not authorized or permitted by HIPAA.
In addition, the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), became effective on January 1, 2020. The CCPA gives California residents expanded rights to access and delete their personal information, opt out of certain personal information sharing and receive detailed information about how their personal information is used by requiring covered companies to provide new disclosures to California consumers (as that term is broadly defined) and provide such consumers new ways to opt-out of certain sales of personal information. The CCPA provides for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for data breaches that is expected to increase data breach litigation. Although there are limited exemptions for clinical trial data and the CCPA’s implementation standards and enforcement practices are likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future, the CCPA may increase our compliance costs and potential liability. Many similar privacy laws have been proposed at the federal level and in other states.
Foreign data protection laws, including, without limitation, the European Union Directive 95/46/EC, or the Directive, and the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), that became effective in May 2018, and member state data protection legislation, may also apply to health-related and other personal information obtained outside of the United States. These laws impose strict obligations on the ability to process health-related and other personal information of data subjects in the European Union and the United Kingdom, including in relation to use, collection, analysis, and transfer (including cross-border transfer) of such personal information. These laws include several requirements relating to the consent of the individuals to whom the personal data relates, limitations on data processing, establishing a legal basis for processing, notification of data processing obligations or security incidents to appropriate data protection authorities or data subjects, the security and confidentiality of the personal data and various rights that data subjects may exercise.
The Directive and the GDPR prohibit, without an appropriate legal basis, the transfer of personal data to countries outside of the European Economic Area (“EEA”), such as the United States, which are not considered by the European Commission to provide an adequate level of data protection. Switzerland has adopted similar restrictions. Although there are legal mechanisms to allow for the transfer of personal data from the EEA and Switzerland to the United States, uncertainty about compliance with European Union data protection laws remains. For example, ongoing legal challenges in Europe to the mechanisms allowing companies to transfer personal data from the EEA to the United States could result in further limitations on the ability to transfer personal data across borders, particularly if governments are unable or unwilling to reach new or maintain existing agreements that support cross-border data transfers, such as the European Union-U.S. and Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield framework. Additionally, other countries have passed or are considering passing laws requiring local data residency.
Under the GDPR, regulators may impose substantial fines and penalties for non-compliance. Companies that violate the GDPR can face fines of up to the greater of 20 million Euros or 4% of their worldwide annual turnover (revenue). The GDPR increases our responsibility and potential liability in relation to personal data that we process, and we may be required to put in place additional mechanisms to ensure compliance with the GDPR and other EU and international data protection rules.
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Compliance with U.S. and foreign privacy and security laws, rules and regulations could require us to take on more onerous obligations in our contracts, require us to engage in costly compliance exercises, restrict our ability to collect, use and disclose data, or in some cases, impact our or our partners’ or suppliers’ ability to operate in certain jurisdictions. Each of these constantly evolving laws can be subject to varying interpretations. Failure to comply with U.S. and foreign data protection laws and regulations could result in government investigations and enforcement actions (which could include civil or criminal penalties), fines, private litigation, and/or adverse publicity and could negatively affect our operating results and business. Moreover, patients about whom we or our partners obtain information, as well as the providers who share this information with us, may contractually limit our ability to use and disclose the information. Claims that we have violated individuals’ privacy rights, failed to comply with data protection laws, or breached our contractual obligations, even if we are not found liable, could be expensive and time-consuming to defend and could result in adverse publicity that could harm our business.
Because we have multiple product candidates in our clinical pipeline and are considering a variety of target indications, we may expend our limited resources to pursue a particular product candidate or indication and fail to capitalize on product candidates or indications that may be more profitable or for which there is a greater likelihood of success.
Because we have limited financial and managerial resources, we must focus our research and development efforts on those product candidates and specific indications that we believe are the most promising. As a result, we may forego or delay our pursuit of opportunities with other product candidates or other indications that later prove to have greater commercial potential. Our resource allocation decisions may cause us to fail to capitalize on viable commercial products or profitable market opportunities. We may in the future spend our resources on other research programs and product candidates for specific indications that ultimately do not yield any commercially viable products. Furthermore, if we do not accurately evaluate the commercial potential or target market for a particular product candidate, we may relinquish valuable rights to that product candidate through collaboration, licensing or other royalty arrangements in cases in which it would have been more advantageous for us to retain sole development and commercialization rights.
We must meet post-marketing requirements associated with the Arakoda NDA imposed by the FDA. Failure to complete such requirements, or delays due to lack of resources or other factors, may negatively impact our business.
When the FDA approved the Arakoda NDA in August 2018, it imposed post-marketing requirements on us, including associated timelines. We have made substantial progress in meeting all such requirements and recently published data from a clinical trial related to one of them. However, we have experienced delays in our ability to execute our observational and pediatric study requirements and are in discussion with the FDA regarding future plan relating to our pediatric program. We may experience new or additional delays in the future on one or more of its post-marketing requirements in the future. As of the date of this prospectus, we have not received acknowledgement from the FDA that any of the post-marketing requirements are completed nor been referred for enforcement action due to delays in our post-marketing studies. If we fail to meet FDA requirements, experiences additional delays or is referred for enforcement action, we might require diversion of managerial and capital resources from planned research and development to completion of post-marketing requirements, or the FDA might revoke the NDA for Arakoda, and therefore harm the business. In the future, regulators may impose additional post-marketing requirements for Arakoda for malaria or other indications, or in relation to our products. This situation would require expensive clinical or non-clinical studies that might damage our financial position.
We are subject to U.S. and certain foreign export and import controls, sanctions, embargoes, anti-corruption laws, and anti-money laundering laws and regulations. Compliance with these legal standards could impair our ability to compete in domestic and international markets. We can face criminal liability and other serious consequences for violations, which can harm our business.
We are subject to export control and import laws and regulations, including the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, U.S. Customs regulations, various economic and trade sanctions regulations administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Controls, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, the U.S. domestic bribery statute contained in 18 U.S.C. § 201, the U.S. Travel Act, the USA PATRIOT Act, and other state and national anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws in the countries in which we conduct activities. Anti-corruption laws are interpreted broadly and prohibit companies and their employees, agents, contractors, and other collaborators from authorizing, promising, offering, or providing, directly or indirectly, improper payments or anything else of value to recipients in the public or private sector. We may engage third parties for clinical trials outside of the United States, to sell our products abroad once we enter a commercialization phase, and/or to obtain necessary permits, licenses, patent registrations, and other regulatory approvals. We have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees of government agencies or government-affiliated hospitals, universities, and other organizations. We can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of our employees, agents, contractors, and other collaborators, even if we do not explicitly authorize or have actual knowledge of such activities. Any violations of the laws and regulations described above may result in substantial civil and criminal fines and penalties, imprisonment, the loss of export or import privileges, debarment, tax reassessments, breach of contract and fraud litigation, reputational harm, and other consequences.
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Continued uncertain economic conditions, including inflation and the risk of a global recession could impair our ability to forecast and may harm our business, operating results, including our revenue growth and profitability, financial condition and cash flows.
The U.S. economy is experiencing the highest rates of inflation since the 1980s. Historically, we have not experienced significant inflation risk in our business. However, our ability to raise our product prices depends on market conditions and there may be periods during which we are unable to fully recover increases in our costs. In addition, the global economy suffers from slowing growth and rising interest rates, and many economists believe that a global recession may begin in the near future. If the global economy slows, our business would likely be adversely affected.
Also, the global credit and financial markets have recently experienced extreme volatility and disruptions, including severely diminished liquidity and credit availability, increases in unemployment rates and uncertainty about economic stability. There can be no assurance that further deterioration in credit and financial markets and confidence in economic conditions will not occur. Our general business strategy may be adversely affected by any such economic downturn, volatile business environment or continued unpredictable and unstable market conditions.
Geopolitical conditions, including direct or indirect acts of war or terrorism, could have an adverse effect on our operations and financial results.
Our operations could be disrupted by geopolitical conditions, political and social instability, acts of war, terrorist activity or other similar events. Recently, Russia initiated significant military action against Ukraine. In response, the U.S. and certain other countries imposed significant sanctions and export controls against Russia, Belarus and certain individuals and entities connected to Russian or Belarusian political, business, and financial organizations, and the U.S. and certain other countries could impose further sanctions, trade restrictions, and other retaliatory actions should the conflict continue or worsen. It is not possible to predict the broader consequences of the conflict, including related geopolitical tensions, and the measures and retaliatory actions taken by the U.S. and other countries in respect thereof as well as any counter measures or retaliatory actions by Russia or Belarus in response, including, for example, potential cyberattacks or the disruption of energy exports, is likely to cause regional instability, geopolitical shifts, and could materially adversely affect global trade, currency exchange rates, regional economies and the global economy. The situation remains uncertain, and while it is difficult to predict the impact of any of the foregoing, the conflict and actions taken in response to the conflict could increase our costs, disrupt our supply chain, reduce our sales and earnings, impair our ability to raise additional capital when needed on acceptable terms, if at all, or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We could be subject to lawsuits.
We may be party to lawsuits, settlement discussions, mediations, arbitrations and other disputes, including patent and product liability claims, whether brought by companies, individuals or governmental authorities. These matters may result in a loss of patent protection, reduced revenue, incurrence of significant liabilities and diversion of our management’s time, attention and resources. Our insurance coverage may not provide adequate protection against actual losses. In addition, we are subject to the risk that one or more of our insurers may become insolvent and become unable to pay claims that may be made in the future. Even if we maintain adequate insurance, claims could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity and results of operations and on our ability to obtain suitable, adequate or cost-effective insurance in the future. Litigation and other disputes, including any adverse outcomes, may have an adverse impact on our business, operations or financial condition. Even claims without merit could subject us to adverse publicity and require us to incur significant legal fees.
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Risks Related to Intellectual Property and Other Legal Matters
If product liability lawsuits are successfully brought against us, then we will incur substantial liabilities and may be required to limit commercialization of Arakoda, Celgosivir or other product candidates.
We face product liability exposure related to the testing of our product candidates in human clinical trials, and may face exposure to claims by an even greater number of persons once we begin marketing and distributing our products commercially. If we cannot successfully defend against product liability claims, then we will incur substantial liabilities.
Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in:
| • | decreased demand for our products and product candidates; |
| • | injury to our reputation; |
| • | withdrawal of clinical trial participants; |
| • | costs of related litigation; |
| • | substantial monetary awards to patients and others; |
| • | loss of revenues; and |
| • | the inability to commercialize our products and product candidates. |
We have obtained limited product liability insurance coverage. Such coverage, however, may not be adequate or may not continue to be available to us in sufficient amounts or at an acceptable cost, or at all. We may not be able to obtain commercially reasonable product liability insurance for any product candidate.
Defending against claims relating to improper handling, storage or disposal of hazardous chemicals, radioactive or biological materials could be time consuming and expensive.
Our research and development of product candidates may involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, including chemicals, radioactive and biological materials. We cannot eliminate the risk of accidental contamination or discharge and any resultant injury from the materials. Various laws and regulations govern the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous materials. We may be sued or be required to pay fines for any injury or contamination that results from our use or the use by third parties of these materials. Compliance with environmental laws and regulations may be expensive, and current or future environmental regulations may impair our research, development and production efforts.
Third parties may own or control patents or patent applications that we may be required to license to commercialize our product candidates or that could result in litigation that would be costly and time consuming.
Our or any strategic partner’s ability to commercialize Arakoda, Celgosivir and other product candidates depends upon our ability to develop, manufacture, market and sell these drugs without infringing the proprietary rights of third parties. A number of pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, universities and research institutions have or may be granted patents that cover technologies similar to the technologies owned by or licensed to us. We may choose to seek, or be required to seek, licenses under third party patents, which would likely require the payment of license fees or royalties or both. We may also be unaware of existing patents that may be infringed by Arakoda or Celgosivir, the genetic testing we intend to use in connection with Arakoda, Celgosivir or our other product candidates. Because patent applications can take many years to issue, there may be other currently pending applications that may later result in issued patents that are infringed by Arakoda, Celgosivir or our other product candidates. Moreover, a license may not be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.
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There is a substantial amount of litigation involving patent and other intellectual property rights in the biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries generally. If a third party claims that we are infringing on its technology, then our business and results of operations could be harmed by a number of factors, including:
| • | infringement and other intellectual property claims, even if without merit, are expensive and time-consuming to litigate and can divert management’s attention from our core business; |
| • | monetary damage awards for past infringement can be substantial; |
| • | a court may prohibit us from selling or licensing product candidates unless the patent holder chooses to license the patent to us; and |
| • | if a license is available from a patent holder, we may have to pay substantial royalties. |
We may also be forced to bring an infringement action if we believe that a competitor is infringing our protected intellectual property. Any such litigation will be costly, time-consuming and divert management’s attention, and the outcome of any such litigation may not be favorable to us.
Our intellectual property rights may not preclude competitors from developing competing products and our business may suffer.
Our competitive success will depend, in part, on our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection for our inventions, technologies and discoveries, including intellectual property that we license. The patent positions of biotechnology companies involve complex legal and factual questions, and we cannot be certain that our patents and licenses will successfully preclude others from using our technology. Consequently, we cannot be certain that any of our patents will provide significant market protection or will not be circumvented or challenged and found to be unenforceable or invalid. In some cases, patent applications in the United States and certain other jurisdictions are maintained in secrecy until patents issue, and since publication of discoveries in the scientific or patent literature often lags behind actual discoveries, we cannot be certain of the priority of inventions covered by pending patent applications. An adverse outcome could subject us to significant liabilities to third parties, require disputed rights to be licensed from third parties or require us to cease using such technology. Regardless of merit, the listing of patents in the FDA Orange Book for Arakoda, Celgosivir may be challenged as being improperly listed. We may have to defend against such claims and possible associated antitrust issues. We could also incur substantial costs in seeking to enforce our proprietary rights against infringement.
We may not be able to effectively protect our intellectual property rights in some foreign countries, as our patents are limited by jurisdiction and many countries do not offer the same level of legal protection for intellectual property as the United States.
We require our employees, consultants, business partners and members of our scientific advisory board to execute confidentiality agreements upon the commencement of employment, consulting or business relationships with us. These agreements provide that all confidential information developed or made known during the course of the relationship with us be kept confidential and not disclosed to third parties except in specific circumstances. In the case of employees, the agreements provide that all inventions resulting from work performed for us, utilizing the property or relating to our business and conceived or completed by the individual during employment shall be our exclusive property to the extent permitted by applicable law.
Third parties may breach these and other agreements with us regarding our intellectual property and we may not have adequate remedies for the breach. Third parties could also fail to take necessary steps to protect our licensed intellectual property, which could seriously harm our intellectual property position.
If we are not able to protect our proprietary technology, trade secrets and know-how, then our competitors may develop competing products. Any issued patent may not be sufficient to prevent others from competing with us. Further, we have trade secrets relating to Arakoda, Celgosivir, and such trade secrets may become known or independently discovered. Our issued patents and those that may issue in the future, or those licensed to us, may be challenged, opposed, invalidated or circumvented, which could allow competitors to market similar products or limit the patent protection term of our product candidates. All of these factors may affect our competitive position.
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If the manufacture, use or sale of our products infringe on the intellectual property rights of others, we could face costly litigation, which could cause us to pay substantial damages or licensing fees and limit our ability to sell some or all of our products.
Extensive litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights has been common in the biopharmaceutical industry. Litigation may be necessary to assert infringement claims, enforce patent rights, protect trade secrets or know-how and determine the enforceability, scope and validity of certain proprietary rights. Litigation may even be necessary to defend disputes of inventorship or ownership of proprietary rights. The defense and prosecution of intellectual property lawsuits, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office interference proceedings, and related legal and administrative proceedings (e.g., a reexamination, inter partes review, or post-grant review) in the United States and internationally involve complex legal and factual questions. As a result, such proceedings are costly and time-consuming to pursue, and their outcome is uncertain.
Regardless of merit or outcome, our involvement in any litigation, interference or other administrative proceedings could cause us to incur substantial expense and could significantly divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel. Any public announcements related to litigation or interference proceedings initiated or threatened against us could cause our stock price to decline. Adverse outcomes in patent litigation may potentially subject us to antitrust litigation which, regardless of the outcome, would adversely affect our business. An adverse determination may subject us to the loss of our proprietary position or to significant liabilities, or require us to seek licenses that may include substantial cost and ongoing royalties. Licenses may not be available from third parties, or may not be obtainable on satisfactory terms. An adverse determination or a failure to obtain necessary licenses may restrict or prevent us from manufacturing and selling our products, if any. These outcomes could materially harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Patent reform legislation could increase the uncertainties and costs surrounding the prosecution of our patent applications and the enforcement or defense of our issued patents.
Changes in either the patent laws or interpretation of the patent laws in the United States and Ex-US could increase the uncertainties and costs. Recent patent reform legislation in the United States and other countries, including the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act (the “Leahy-Smith Act”), signed into law in the United States on September 16, 2011, could increase those uncertainties and costs surrounding the prosecution of our patent applications and the enforcement or defense of our issued patents. The Leahy-Smith Act includes a number of significant changes to U.S. patent law. These include provisions that affect the way patent applications are prosecuted, redefine prior art and provide more efficient and cost-effective avenues for competitors to challenge the validity of patents. These include allowing third-party submission of prior art to the USPTO during patent prosecution and additional procedures to attack the validity of a patent by USPTO administered post-grant proceedings, including post-grant review, inter partes review, and derivation proceedings. After March 2013, under the Leahy-Smith Act, the United States transitioned to a first inventor to file system in which, assuming that the other statutory requirements are met, the first inventor to file a patent application will be entitled to the patent on an invention regardless of whether a third party was the first to invent the claimed invention. However, the Leahy-Smith Act and its implementation could increase the uncertainties and costs surrounding the prosecution of our patent applications and the enforcement or defense of our issued patents, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled on several patent cases in recent years, either narrowing the scope of patent protection available in certain circumstances or weakening the rights of patent owners in certain situations. Depending on future actions by the U.S. Congress, the U.S. courts, the USPTO and the relevant law-making bodies in other countries, the laws and regulations governing patents could change in unpredictable ways that would weaken our ability to obtain new patents or to enforce our existing patents and patents that we might obtain in the future.
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The patent protection and patent prosecution for some of our product candidates is dependent or may be dependent in the future on third parties.
While we normally seek and gain the right to fully prosecute the patents relating to our product candidates, there may be times when platform technology patents or product-specific patents that relate to our product candidates are controlled by our licensors. In addition, our licensors and/or licensees may have back-up rights to prosecute patent applications in the event that we do not do so or choose not to do so, and our licensees may have the right to assume patent prosecution rights after certain milestones are reached. If any of our licensing collaborators fails to appropriately prosecute and maintain patent protection for patents covering any of our product candidates, our ability to develop and commercialize those product candidates may be adversely affected and we may not be able to prevent competitors from making, using and selling competing products.
We may not be able to protect our intellectual property rights throughout the world.
Patents are of national or regional effect, and filing, prosecuting and defending patents on all of our product candidates throughout the world would be prohibitively expensive. As such, we may not be able to prevent third parties from practicing our inventions in all countries outside the United States, or from selling or importing products made using our inventions in and into the United States or other jurisdictions. Further, the legal systems of certain countries, particularly certain developing countries, do not favor the enforcement of patents and other intellectual property protection, particularly those relating to pharmaceuticals or biologics, which could make it difficult for us to stop the infringement of our patents or marketing of competing products in violation of our proprietary rights generally. In addition, certain developing countries, including China and India, have compulsory licensing laws under which a patent owner may be compelled to grant licenses to third parties. In those countries, we and our licensors may have limited remedies if patents are infringed or if we or our licensors are compelled to grant a license to a third party, which could materially diminish the value of those patents. This could limit our potential revenue opportunities. Accordingly, our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights around the world may be inadequate to obtain a significant commercial advantage from the intellectual property that we develop or license.
Patent terms may be inadequate to protect our competitive position on our product candidates for an adequate amount of time.
Patent rights are of limited duration. Given the amount of time required for the development, testing and regulatory review of new product candidates, patents protecting such candidates might expire before or shortly after such product candidates are commercialized. Even if patents covering our product candidates are obtained, once the patent life has expired for a product, we may be open to competition from biosimilar or generic products. A patent term extension based on regulatory delay may be available in the U.S. However, only a single patent can be extended for each marketing approval, and any patent can be extended only once, for a single product. Moreover, the scope of protection during the period of the patent term extension does not extend to the full scope of the claim, but instead only to the scope of the product as approved. Laws governing analogous patent term extensions in foreign jurisdictions vary widely, as do laws governing the ability to obtain multiple patents from a single patent family. Additionally, we may not receive an extension if we fail to apply within applicable deadlines, fail to apply prior to expiration of relevant patents or otherwise fail to satisfy applicable requirements. If we are unable to obtain patent term extension or restoration, or the term of any such extension is less than we request, the period during which we will have the right to exclusively market our product will be shortened and our competitors may obtain approval of competing products following our patent expiration, and our revenue could be reduced, possibly materially.
The earliest Paragraph IV certification date for Arakoda has passed. Generic companies may file an ANDA at any time, and successful challenge of our malaria use patents would negatively impact our business.
The PDUFA date for Arakoda is August 8, 2018, and the beginning date for exclusivity associated with the product’s API is July 20, 2018. The five year data exclusivity ending date for Arakoda is July 20, 2023. Therefore, the earliest date a generic company could file an ANDA, claiming such an application does not infringe our Orange Book listed patents was July 20, 2022. Any generic company filing such an ANDA with FDA, must notify us within 20 calendar days of receiving acknowledgement from the FDA or receipt of such an ANDA. Thus, the earliest date we could receive such a notification was August 9, 2022.
As of the date of this prospectus, to the best of our knowledge, no such notice has been received by us. However, such a notice might be received at any time. Such a notice might require us to undertake expensive litigation to defend our patents related to Arakoda’s malaria indication, thereby diverting funds away from critical research and development efforts for Arakoda for other indications. This potential litigation and the related expenditure may harm our business. Additionally, the approval of any ANDA would increase competition and most likely drive down prices for Arakoda.
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Obtaining and maintaining our patent protection depends on compliance with various procedural, document submissions, fee payment and other requirements imposed by governmental patent agencies, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated for non-compliance with these requirements.
Periodic maintenance fees on any issued patent are due to be paid to the USPTO and foreign patent agencies in several stages over the lifetime of the patent. The USPTO and various foreign governmental patent agencies require compliance with a number of procedural, documentary, fee payment and other similar provisions during the patent application process. While an inadvertent lapse can in many cases be cured by payment of a late fee or by other means in accordance with the applicable rules, there are situations in which noncompliance can result in abandonment or lapse of the patent or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction. Non-compliance events that could result in abandonment or lapse of a patent or patent application include, but are not limited to, failure to respond to official actions within prescribed time limits, non-payment of fees and failure to properly legalize and submit formal documents. If we fail to maintain the patents and patent applications covering our product candidates, our competitive position would be adversely affected.
Risks Related to this Offering
Our management will have broad discretion over the use of any net proceeds from this offering and you may not agree with how we use the proceeds, and the proceeds may not be invested successfully.
Our management will have broad discretion as to the use of any net proceeds from this offering and could use them for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of this offering and in ways that do not necessarily improve our results of operations or enhance the value of our common stock. Accordingly, you will be relying on the judgment of our management with regard to the use of any proceeds from this offering and you will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. It is possible that the proceeds will be invested in a way that does not yield a favorable, or any, return for you.
Investors in this offering may experience future dilution as a result of this and future equity offerings.
In order to raise additional capital, we may in the future offer additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock. Investors purchasing our shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing common stockholders, and the price per share at which we sell additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per unit in this offering.
If we issue shares of preferred stock your rights as a holder of our common stock or warrants may be materially adversely affected.
As of the date of this prospectus, we are authorized to issue up to 1,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock. Upon the consummation of this offering, we will have authorized shares of Series A Preferred Stock, of which shares of Series A Preferred Stock will be issued and outstanding. The designations, rights and preferences of our other preferred stock may be determined from time-to-time by our Board. Accordingly, our Board is empowered, without stockholder approval, to issue one or more series of preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights superior to those of the holders of our common stock. For example, an issuance of shares of preferred stock could:
| • | adversely affect the voting power of the holders of our common stock; |
| • | make it more difficult for a third party to gain control of us; |
| • | discourage bids for our common stock; |
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| • | limit or eliminate any payments that the holders of our common stock could expect to receive upon our liquidation; or |
| • | adversely affect the market price of our common stock. |
Sales of a significant number of shares of our common stock in the public markets, or the perception that such sales could occur, could depress the market price of our common stock.
Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public markets could depress the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. We cannot predict the effect that future sales of our common stock would have on the market price of our common stock.
Existing stockholders may sell significant quantities of common stock.
The existing shareholders will own % of our common stock following the successful completion of this offering. Notwithstanding that certain of our officers and directors who are shareholders will be locked up for a period of six months, and any greater than 5% holders of our common stock will also be locked up for a period of six months, following the completion of this offering, our existing stockholders may have acquired their shares at a lower price than that of this offering. Accordingly, they may be incentivized to sell all or part of their holdings as soon as any applicable transfer restrictions have ended and such sales could have a negative impact on the market price of our common stock.
If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price and trading volume could decline.
The trading market for our common stock will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business. Several analysts may cover our stock. If one or more of those analysts downgrade our stock or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our Company or fail to publish reports on us regularly, demand for our stock could decrease, which might cause our stock price and trading volume to decline.
The requirements of being a public company.
As a public company, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Act, and other applicable securities rules and regulations. Compliance with these rules and regulations will increase our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming or costly and increase demand on our systems and resources. The Exchange Act requires, among other things, that we file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our business and operating results. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires, among other things, that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. In order to maintain and, if required, improve our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting to meet this standard, significant resources and management oversight may be required. As a result, management’s attention may be diverted from other business concerns, which could harm our business and operating results. We may need to hire more employees in the future to comply with these requirements, which will increase our costs and expenses.
In addition, changing laws, regulations and standards relating to corporate governance and public disclosure are creating uncertainty for public companies, increasing legal and financial compliance costs and making some activities more time consuming. These laws, regulations and standards are subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may evolve over time as new guidance is provided by regulatory and governing bodies. This could result in continuing uncertainty regarding compliance matters and higher costs necessitated by ongoing revisions to disclosure and governance practices. We intend to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment may result in increased general and administrative expenses and a diversion of management’s time and attention from revenue-generating activities to compliance activities. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations, and standards differ from the activities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and our business may be harmed.
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We also expect that being a public company and these new rules and regulations will make it more expensive for us to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors (“Board”) and qualified executive officers.
As a result of disclosure of information in this prospectus and in filings required of a public company, our business and financial condition will become more visible, which we believe may result in increased threatened or actual litigation, including by competitors and other third parties. If such claims are successful, our business and operating results could be harmed, and even if the claims do not result in litigation or are resolved in our favor, these claims, and the time and resources necessary to resolve them, could divert the resources of our management and harm our business and operating results.
Risks Relating to Ownership of Our Securities
There has been no public market for our common stock prior to this offering, and we cannot assure you that an active trading market will develop in the near future. An active market in which investors can resell their shares may not develop. If there is no viable public market for our common stock, you may be unable to sell your shares at or above the initial public offering price.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. All investments in securities involve the risk of loss of capital. No guarantee or representation is made that an investor will receive a return of its capital. The value of our common stock can be adversely affected by a variety of factors, including development problems, regulatory issues, technical issues, commercial challenges, competition, legislation, government intervention, industry developments and trends, and general business and economic conditions. We cannot predict the extent to which an active market for our common stock will develop or be sustained after this offering, or how the development of such a market might affect the market price of our common stock.
Our common stock is not quoted in the over-the-counter markets and is not listed on any stock exchange and there is currently no active trading in our securities. We have applied to have our common stock listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SXTP” which listing is a condition to this offering. We cannot assure you that an active trading market for our common stock will develop in the future due to a number of factors, including the fact that we are a small company that is relatively unknown to stock analysts, stock brokers, institutional investors and others in the investment community that generate or influence sales volume, and that even if we came to the attention of such persons, they tend to be risk-averse and would be reluctant to follow an unproven company such as ours or purchase or recommend the purchase of our shares until such time as we became more seasoned and viable. We cannot give you any assurance that an active public trading market for our common stock will develop or be sustained. You may not be able to liquidate your shares quickly or at the market price if trading in our common stock is not active.
You may be unable to sell your shares quickly or at the market price if trading in shares of our common stock is not active. The initial public offering price for our common stock will be determined through negotiations with the underwriters, and the negotiated price may not be indicative of the market price of the common stock after the offering. As a result of these and other factors, you may be unable to resell your shares of our common stock at or above the initial public offering price. Further, an inactive market may also impair our ability to raise capital by selling shares of our common stock and may impair our ability to enter into strategic partnerships or acquire companies or products by using our shares of common stock as consideration.
The public price of our common stock may be volatile, and could, following a sale decline significantly and rapidly.
The initial public offering price for the units will be determined by negotiations between us and the underwriters and may not be indicative of prices that will prevail in the open market following this offering. The market price of our common stock may decline below the initial offering price, and you may not be able to sell your shares of our common stock at or above the price you paid in the offering, or at all. Following this offering, the public price of our common stock in the secondary market will be determined by private buy and sell transaction orders collected from broker-dealers.
In addition, the stock market in general has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to operating performance of individual companies, particularly following an initial public offering of a company with a small public float. There is the potential for rapid and substantial price volatility of our common stock following this offering. These broad market factors may seriously harm the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual or expected operating performance and financial condition or prospects, which may make it difficult for investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our common stock. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been instituted. A class action suit against us could result in significant liabilities and, regardless of the outcome, could result in substantial costs and the diversion of our management’s resources and attention.
Stock price run-ups followed by rapid price declines and stock price volatility may also be completely unrelated to company performance. Such volatility, including any stock-run up, may be unrelated to our actual or expected operating performance and financial condition or prospects, making it difficult for prospective investors to assess the rapidly changing value of our stock.
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A possible “short squeeze” due to a sudden increase in demand of our common stock that largely exceeds supply may lead to price volatility in our common stock.
Following this offering, investors may purchase our common stock to hedge existing exposure in our common stock or to speculate on the price of our common stock. Speculation on the price of our common stock may involve long and short exposures. To the extent aggregate short exposure exceeds the number of shares of our common stock available for purchase in the open market, investors with short exposure may have to pay a premium to repurchase our common stock for delivery to lenders of our common stock. Those repurchases may in turn dramatically increase the price of our common stock until investors with short exposure are able to purchase additional shares of common stock to cover their short position. This is often referred to as a “short squeeze.” A short squeeze could lead to volatile price movements in our common stock that are not directly correlated to the performance or prospects of our Company and once investors purchase the shares of common stock necessary to cover their short position, the price of our common stock may decline.
We may not be able to satisfy listing requirements of Nasdaq to maintain a listing of our common stock.
If our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”), we must meet certain financial and liquidity criteria to maintain such listing. If we violate the maintenance requirements for continued listing of our common stock, our common stock may be delisted. In addition, our Board may determine that the cost of maintaining our listing on a national securities exchange outweighs the benefits of such listing. A delisting of our common stock from Nasdaq may materially impair our stockholders’ ability to buy and sell our common stock and could have an adverse effect on the market price of, and the efficiency of the trading market for, our common stock. In addition, the delisting of our common stock could significantly impair our ability to raise capital. Although we expect our common stock will be approved for listing on Nasdaq, an active trading market for our shares may never develop or be sustained following this offering.
There is no public market for the warrants being offered in this offering.
There is no public trading market for the warrants offered by this prospectus, and we do not expect a market to develop. In addition, we do not intend to apply to list the warrants on any exchange or market. Without an active market, the liquidity of the warrants will be limited.
Warrants are speculative in nature.
The warrants offered in this offering do not confer any rights of common stock ownership on their holders, such as voting rights or the right to receive dividends, but rather merely represent the right to acquire shares of our common stock at a fixed price for a limited period of time. Specifically, commencing on the date of issuance, holders of the warrants may exercise their right to acquire the common stock and pay an exercise price of $ per share (115% of the offering price per unit), from time to time, until the fifth anniversary from the date of issuance, after which date any unexercised warrants will expire and have no further value. In addition, there is no established trading market for the warrants.
Since the warrants are executory contracts, they may have no value in a bankruptcy or reorganization proceeding.
In the event a bankruptcy or reorganization proceeding is commenced by or against us, a bankruptcy court may hold that any unexercised warrants are executory contracts that are subject to rejection by us with the approval of the bankruptcy court. As a result, holders of the warrants may, even if we have sufficient funds, not be entitled to receive any consideration for their warrants or may receive an amount less than they would be entitled to if they had exercised their warrants prior to the commencement of any such bankruptcy or reorganization proceeding.
Holders of our warrants will have no rights as a common stockholder until they acquire our common stock.
Until investors acquire shares of our common stock upon exercise of the warrants being offered in this offering, they will have no rights with respect to our common stock such as voting rights or the right to receive dividends. Upon exercise of such warrants, holders will be entitled to exercise the rights of a common stockholder only as to matters for which the record date occurs after the exercise date.
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Provisions of the warrants offered by this prospectus could discourage an acquisition of us by a third party.
Certain provisions of the warrants offered by this prospectus could make it more difficult or expensive for a third party to acquire us. The warrants prohibit us from engaging in certain transactions constituting “fundamental transactions” unless, among other things, the surviving entity assumes our obligations under the warrants. These and other provisions of the warrants offered by this prospectus could prevent or deter a third party from acquiring us even where the acquisition could be beneficial to you.
If we do not file and maintain a current and effective prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants, holders will only be able to exercise such warrants on a “cashless basis.”
If we do not file and maintain a current and effective registration statement relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants at the time that holders wish to exercise such warrants, they will only be able to exercise them on a “cashless basis” provided that an exemption from registration is available. As a result, the number of shares of common stock that holders will receive upon exercise of the warrants will be fewer than it would have been had such holder exercised his, her or its warrants for cash. Further, if an exemption from registration is not available, holders would not be able to exercise on a cashless basis and would only be able to exercise their warrants for cash if a current and effective registration statement relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants is available. Under the terms of the underwriting agreement, we have agreed to use our best efforts to meet these conditions and to file and maintain a current and effective registration statement relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants until the expiration of the warrants. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to do so. If we are unable to do so, the potential “upside” of the holder’s investment in our Company may be reduced or the warrants may expire worthless.
We may amend the terms of the warrants in a way that may be adverse to holders with the approval by the holders of a majority of the then outstanding warrants.
The Warrant Agent Agreement provides that the terms of the warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision. All other modifications or amendments, including any amendment to increase the exercise price of the warrants or shorten the exercise period of the warrants, shall require the written consent of the registered holders of a majority of the then outstanding warrants which may be contrary to your interests.
The warrants may have an adverse effect on the market price of our common stock and make it more difficult to effect a business combination.
We will be issuing warrants to purchase shares of common stock as part of this offering. To the extent we issue shares of common stock to effect a future business combination, the potential for the issuance of a substantial number of additional shares upon exercise of the warrants could make us a less attractive acquisition vehicle in the eyes of a target business. Such warrants, when exercised, will increase the number of issued and outstanding shares of common stock and reduce the value of the shares issued to complete the business combination. Accordingly, the warrants may make it more difficult to effectuate a business combination or increase the cost of acquiring a target business. Additionally, the sale, or even the possibility of a sale, of the shares of common stock underlying the warrants could have an adverse effect on the market price for our securities or on our ability to obtain future financing. If and to the extent the warrants are exercised, you may experience dilution to your holdings.
Our Warrant Agent Agreement designate the courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by holders of our warrants, which could limit the ability of warrant holders to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with our Company.
Our Warrant Agent Agreement provides that, subject to applicable law, (i) any action, proceeding or claim against us arising out of or relating in any way to the Warrant Agent Agreement, including under the Securities Act, will be brought and enforced in the courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and (ii) that we irrevocably submit to such jurisdiction, which jurisdiction shall be the exclusive forum for any such action, proceeding or claim. We will waive any objection to such exclusive jurisdiction and that such courts represent an inconvenient forum.
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, these provisions of the Warrant Agent Agreement do not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal district courts of the United States of America are the sole and exclusive forum. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any of our warrants shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the forum provisions in our Warrant Agent Agreement.
If any action, the subject matter of which is within the scope of the forum provisions of the Warrant Agent Agreement, is filed in a court other than courts of the State of New York or the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (a “foreign action”) in the name of any holder of our warrants, such holder shall be deemed to have consented to: (x) the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in the State of New York in connection with any action brought in any such court to enforce the forum provisions (an “enforcement action”), and (y) having service of process made upon such warrant holder in any such enforcement action by service upon such warrant holder’s counsel in the foreign action as an agent for such warrant holder.
This choice-of-forum provision may limit a warrant holder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with our Company, which may discourage such lawsuits. Alternatively, if a court were to find this provision of our Warrant Agent Agreement inapplicable or unenforceable with respect to one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and result in a diversion of the time and resources of our management and Board.
We may be subject to securities litigation, which is expensive and could divert our management’s attention.
The market price of our securities may be volatile, and in the past companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their securities have been subject to securities class action litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the future. Securities litigation against us could result in substantial costs and divert our management’s attention from other business concerns.
Our failure to maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting could have an adverse impact on us.
We are required to establish and maintain appropriate internal controls over financial reporting. Failure to establish those controls, or any failure of those controls once established, could adversely impact our public disclosures regarding our business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, management’s assessment of internal controls over financial reporting may identify weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal controls over financial reporting or other matters that may raise concerns for investors. Any actual or perceived weaknesses and conditions that need to be addressed in our internal control over financial reporting, disclosure of management’s assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting or disclosure of our public accounting firm’s attestation to or report on management’s assessment of our internal controls over financial reporting may have an adverse impact on the price of our common stock.
A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. In addition, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints and the benefit of controls must be relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no system of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within our Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Further, controls can be circumvented by individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more persons, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, a control may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and may not be detected.
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At present, we are executing a plan to improve existing internal controls by segregating accounting functions through outsourcing. For over 10 years, our Chief Executive Officer and Treasurer have worked together in a collaborative relationship using budgets to track finances with limited resources. Our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer, cannot guarantee that our internal controls and disclosure controls that we have in place will prevent all possible errors, mistakes or fraud. If we fail to have effective controls and procedures for financial reporting in place, we could be unable to provide timely and accurate financial information and be subject to investigation by the SEC and civil or criminal sanctions.
Our financial controls and procedures may not be sufficient to ensure timely and reliable reporting of financial information, which, as a public company, could materially harm our stock price.
We require significant financial resources to maintain our public reporting status. We cannot assure you we will be able to maintain adequate resources to ensure that we will not have any future material weakness in our system of internal controls. The effectiveness of our controls and procedures may in the future be limited by a variety of factors including:
| • | faulty human judgment and simple errors, omissions or mistakes; |
| • | fraudulent action of an individual or collusion of two or more people; |
| • | inappropriate management override of procedures; and |
| • | the possibility that any enhancements to controls and procedures may still not be adequate to assure timely and accurate financial information. |
Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Despite these controls, because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Furthermore, smaller reporting companies like us face additional limitations. Smaller reporting companies employ fewer individuals and can find it difficult to employ resources for complicated transactions and effective risk management. Additionally, smaller reporting companies tend to utilize general accounting software packages that lack a rigorous set of software controls.
Our status as an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act may make it more difficult to raise capital as and when we need it.
Because of the exemptions from various reporting requirements provided to us as an “emerging growth company” and because we will have an extended transition period for complying with new or revised financial accounting standards, we may be less attractive to investors and it may be difficult for us to raise additional capital as and when we need it. Investors may be unable to compare our business with other companies in our industry if they believe that our financial accounting is not as transparent as other companies in our industry. If we are unable to raise additional capital as and when we need it, our financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
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The elimination of personal liability against our directors and officers under Delaware law and the existence of indemnification rights held by our directors, officers and employees may result in substantial expenses.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation (“Certificate of Incorporation”) and our bylaws (“Bylaws”) eliminate the personal liability of our directors and officers to us and our stockholders for damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director or officer to the extent permissible under Delaware law. Further, our Certificate of Incorporation provides that we are obligated to indemnify each of our directors or officers to the fullest extent authorized by Delaware law. Those indemnification obligations could expose us to substantial expenditures to cover the cost of settlement or damage awards against our directors or officers, which we may be unable to afford. Further, those provisions and resulting costs may discourage us or our stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against any of our current or former directors or officers for breaches of their fiduciary duties, even if such actions might otherwise benefit our stockholders.
You should consult your own independent tax advisor regarding any tax matters arising with respect to the securities offered in connection with this offering.
Participation in this offering could result in various tax-related consequences for investors. All prospective purchasers of the resold securities are advised to consult their own independent tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. tax consequences relevant to the purchase, ownership and disposition of the resold securities in their particular situations.
We have not paid dividends in the past and do not expect to pay dividends in the future, and any return on investment may be limited to the value of our stock.
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock since inception as this is not how an LLC returns capital to its members and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our common stock as a C-Corporation in the foreseeable future. Instead, we currently intend to retain any future earnings for working capital and to support the growth and development of our business. Our payment of any future dividends will be at the discretion of our Board after taking into account various factors, including, but not limited to, our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, prospects, operating results, cash needs, growth plans, applicable Delaware law and any other factors which our Board may deem relevant. Our ability to pay dividends on our common stock may be limited by Delaware state law. Accordingly, investors must rely on sales of their common stock after price appreciation, which may never occur, as the only way to realize a return on their investment. Investors seeking cash dividends should not purchase our common stock.
We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” under the JOBS Act, and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors.
We are an “emerging growth company” and a “smaller reporting company” as defined in the JOBS Act, and we may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” and “smaller reporting companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We are choosing to take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards.
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We will remain an “emerging growth company” until the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the first sale of our common stock pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act, although we will lose that status sooner if our revenues exceed $1.235 billion, if we issue more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt in a three year period, or if the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter.
We may continue to be a smaller reporting company even after we are no longer an emerging growth company. We may take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosures available to smaller reporting companies and will be able to take advantage of these scaled disclosures for so long as (i) the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates is equal to or less than $250 million as of the last business day of the most recently completed second fiscal quarter, and (ii) our annual revenues is equal to or less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates is equal to or less than $700 million as of the last business day of the most recently completed second fiscal quarter.
We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock and our stock price may be more volatile. In addition, taking advantage of reduced disclosure obligations may make comparison of our financial statements with other public companies difficult or impossible. If investors are unable to compare our business with other companies in our industry, we may not be able to raise additional capital as and when we need it, which may materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Our Certificate of Incorporation will designate the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the exclusive forum for certain litigation that may be initiated by our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us.
Our Certificate of Incorporation specifies that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (a) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company, (b) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee or agent of the Company to the Company or the Company’s stockholders, (c) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, or (d) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each case subject to said Court of Chancery having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein. However, prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement related to this prospectus, we will amend our Certificate of Incorporation to include a statement that this exclusive forum provision does not apply to claims arising under federal securities laws. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation as described above.
This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. As such, stockholders of the Company seeking to bring a claim regarding the internal affairs of the Company may be subject to increased costs associated with litigating in Delaware as opposed to their home state or other forum, precluded from bringing such a claim in a forum they otherwise consider to be more favorable, and discouraged from bringing such claims as a result of the foregoing or other factors related to forum selection. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our Certificate of Incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.
We believe these provisions benefit us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law by chancellors particularly experienced in resolving corporate disputes, efficient administration of cases on a more expedited schedule relative to other forums and protection against the burdens of multi-forum litigation. However, the provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors, officers, employees and agents as it may limit any stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that such stockholder finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents. The enforceability of similar choice of forum provisions in other companies’ certificates of incorporation has been challenged in legal proceedings, and it is possible that, in connection with any applicable action brought against us, a court could find the choice of forum provisions contained in our Certificate of Incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in such action. If a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our Certificate of Incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
IN ADDITION TO THE ABOVE RISKS, BUSINESSES ARE OFTEN SUBJECT TO RISKS NOT FORESEEN OR FULLY APPRECIATED BY MANAGEMENT. IN REVIEWING THIS FILING, POTENTIAL INVESTORS SHOULD KEEP IN MIND THAT OTHER POSSIBLE RISKS MAY ADVERSELY IMPACT OUR BUSINESS OPERATIONS AND THE VALUE OF OUR SECURITIES.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus contains “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements reflect the current view about future events. When used in this prospectus, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” or the negative of these terms and similar expressions, as they relate to us or our management, identify forward-looking statements. Such statements include, but are not limited to, statements contained in this prospectus relating to our business strategy, our future operating results and liquidity and capital resources outlook. Forward-looking statements are based on our current expectations and assumptions regarding our business, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward–looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Our actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. They are neither statements of historical fact nor guarantees of assurance of future performance. We caution you therefore against relying on any of these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include, without limitation:
| • | Our ability to effectively operate our business segments; |
| • | Our ability to manage our research, development, expansion, growth and operating expenses; |
| • | Our ability to evaluate and measure our business, prospects and performance metrics; |
| • | Our ability to compete, directly and indirectly, and succeed in a highly competitive and evolving industry; |
| • | Our ability to respond and adapt to changes in technology and customer behavior; |
| • | Our ability to protect our intellectual property and to develop, maintain and enhance a strong brand; and |
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| • | other factors (including the risks contained in the section of this prospectus entitled “Risk Factors”) relating to our industry, our operations and results of operations. |
Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may differ significantly from those anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, intended or planned.
Factors or events that could cause our actual results to differ may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of them. We cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, we do not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results.
We estimate that we will receive net proceeds of approximately $ (or approximately $ if the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares is exercised in full) from the sale of the units offered by us in this offering, based on an assumed public offering price of $5.15 per unit (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the front cover page of this prospectus), and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the common stock by the Selling Stockholders named in this prospectus. All proceeds from the sale of the shares of our common stock offered by the Selling Stockholders will belong to the Selling Stockholders identified in this prospectus under “Selling Stockholders.”
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $5.15 per unit (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the front cover page of this prospectus) would increase or decrease, as applicable, the net proceeds that we receive from this offering by approximately $ , assuming that the number of units offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of units offered by us would increase or decrease, as applicable, the net proceeds that we receive from this offering by approximately $ , assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
The principal purposes of this offering are to increase our capitalization and financial flexibility, increase our visibility in the marketplace and create a public market for our common stock. As of the date of this prospectus, we cannot specify with certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds to us from this offering. However, we currently intend to use the majority of the net proceeds to us from this offering for executing clinical studies and trials.
Our strategic priority is to further develop, through clinical studies and related activities, additional/new indications for our products. Assuming the indicated amount of funds are raised, we anticipate up to $3.6 million will be dedicated to financing such efforts. If market conditions permit, the majority of the available funds will be utilized for the execution of a clinical trial to confirm that Arakoda accelerates recovery from COVID-19 symptoms. Other research activities will include new product research, trial design and opening of an IND for the babesiosis indication, protocol preparation for the pediatric post-marketing requirement, study feasibility for a second COVID-19 trial and mechanism of action studies. If market conditions are not conducive clinical trial activities may be postponed, but the activities mentioned in the aforementioned sentence will continue.
We plan, as resources permit, to conduct additional research and development activities including execution of animal studies to further evaluate the activities of tafenoquine against Candida and Celgosivir against COVID-19. We may also conduct a targeted promotional campaign for Arakoda for the malaria indication in the United States.
We may also retire the following cash commitments to other parties associated with the public offering: $85,000 Singapore Dollars to the National University of Singapore as a license agreement milestone payment and $100,000 to Biointelect.
The table below sets forth the manner in which we expect to use the net proceeds we receive from this offering. All amounts included in the table below are estimates.
| Description | Amount | |||
| Working Capital and General Corporate Purposes | $ | 2,600,000 | ||
| Debt Repayment | $ | 1,300,000 | ||
| Research and Development (clinical trials and related activities) | $ | 3,600,000 | ||
| Total | $ | 7,500,000 | ||
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The foregoing information is an estimate based on our current business plan. We may find it necessary or advisable to re-allocate portions of the net proceeds reserved for one category to another, and we will have broad discretion in doing so. Pending these uses, we intend to invest the net proceeds of this offering in a money market or other interest-bearing account.
We have not declared any cash dividends since inception and we do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Instead, we anticipate that all of our earnings will be used to provide working capital, to support our operations, and to finance the growth and development of our business. The payment of dividends is within the discretion of the Board and will depend on our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, prospects, operating results, cash needs, growth plans, applicable Delaware law, which provides that dividends are only payable out of surplus or current net profits, and other factors our board might deem relevant. There are no restrictions that currently limit our ability to pay dividends on our common stock other than those generally imposed by applicable state law.
MARKET FOR COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Prior to this offering, our common stock has not been listed on any stock exchange or quoted on any over-the-counter market or quotation system and there has been no public market for our common stock. We have applied to have our common stock listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SXTP,” which listing is a condition to this offering. There can be no assurance that our listing application will be approved. We do not intend to apply for listing of the warrants on any exchange or market. For more information see the section “Risk Factors.”
As of January 30, 2023, 2,386,009 shares of our common stock were issued and outstanding and were held by fourteen stockholders of record.
The following table sets forth our consolidated cash and capitalization, as of September 30, 2022. Such information is set forth on the following basis:
| • | on an actual basis; |
| • | on a pro forma basis to reflect the (i) sale of shares of our common stock by us after September 30, 2022, but prior to this offering, (ii) issuance of shares of our common stock to BioIntelect pursuant to the BioIntelect Agreement, (iii) issuance of shares of our common stock to Knight as a result of the conversion of certain of our outstanding debt owed to Knight pursuant to the Knight Debt Conversion Agreement, (iv) issuance of shares of our common stock as a result of the conversion of our convertible promissory notes excluding the Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note and (v) issuance of shares of our common stock pursuant to the Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note; and |
| • | on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect the pro forma adjustments discussed in the prior bullet and our receipt of the net proceeds our sale and issuance of units in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $5.15 per unit (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the front cover page of this prospectus), after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us and after the use of net proceeds therefrom. |
You should read the following table in conjunction with “Use of Proceeds,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our financial statements and related notes included in this prospectus.
The pro forma as adjusted information set forth below is illustrative only and will be adjusted based on the actual public offering price and other terms of this offering determined at pricing.
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| Actual | Pro Forma | Pro
forma, as adjusted(1)(2) |
||||||||||
| Cash | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Short term liabilities, including deferred revenue due within one year | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Long term debt, including convertible notes payable | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities including lease obligations - net of current portion | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||||||
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized, 2,386,009 shares issued and outstanding, actual; 150,000,000 shares authorized, [*] shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; and 150,000,000 shares authorized, [*] shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted; preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding, actual; 1,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding, pro forma; and 1,000,000 shares authorized, [*] shares issued and outstanding, pro forma as adjusted |
||||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||||||
| Retained earnings (deficit) | ||||||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | ||||||||||||
| Total capitalization | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — |
| (1) | The number of issued and outstanding shares as of September 30, 2022 on a pro forma as adjusted basis includes (i) shares of our common stock issued to BioIntelect pursuant to the BioIntelect Agreement, which provides that in connection with our initial public offering, BioIntelect will be entitled to receive deferred equity compensation in the amount equal to $155,000 (or $245,000 if Australian VC Horizon Biotech participates in the offering), (ii) shares of our common stock issued to Knight as a result of the conversion of certain of our outstanding debt owed to Knight pursuant to the Knight Debt Conversion Agreement, (iii) shares of our common stock that are to be issued prior to the closing of this offering as a result of the conversion of our convertible promissory notes excluding the Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note, (v) shares of our common stock that are to be issued prior to the closing of this offering pursuant to the Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note and (vi) 100,000 shares of our common stock issued to our legal counsel, and excludes shares of our common stock underlying a warrant issued to Bigger Capital Fund, LP, shares of our common stock underlying a warrant issued to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP, shares of our common stock underlying a warrant issued to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd., shares of our common stock underlying a warrant issued to Geoffrey Dow, shares of our common stock underlying a warrant issued to Mountjoy Trust and shares of our common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Representative Warrants. |
| (2) | Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $5.15 per unit (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the front cover page of this prospectus) would increase or decrease, as applicable, the amount of our cash, additional paid-in capital and total stockholders’ equity by $ , assuming that the number of units offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. An increase or decrease of units of our common stock offered by us would increase or decrease, as applicable, the amount of our cash, additional paid-in capital and total stockholders’ equity by $ , assuming an initial public offering price of $ (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the front cover page of this prospectus) after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions payable by us. |
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Purchasers of our common stock in this offering will experience an immediate and substantial dilution in the adjusted net tangible book value of their shares of common stock. Dilution in as adjusted net tangible book value represents the difference between the public offering price per share that is part of the unit and the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after the offering.
The historical net tangible book value of our common stock as of September 30, 2022, was $ or $ per share. Historical net tangible book value per share of our common stock represents our total tangible assets (total assets less intangible assets) less total liabilities divided by the number of shares of common stock outstanding as of that date. After giving effect to the issuance of shares of common stock upon the (i) issuance of shares of our common stock to BioIntelect pursuant to the BioIntelect Agreement, (ii) issuance of shares of our common stock to Knight as a result of the conversion of certain of our outstanding debt owed to Knight pursuant to the Knight Debt Conversion Agreement, (iii) issuance of shares of our common stock as a result of the conversion of our convertible promissory notes excluding the Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note, (v) shares of our common stock that are to be issued prior to the closing of this offering pursuant to the Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note, and (vi) issuance of 100,000 shares of our common stock to our legal counsel, our pro forma net tangible book value as of September 30, 2022 would have been $ or approximately $ per share of our common stock.
After giving effect to the pro forma adjustments set forth above and the issuance of shares that are part of the units in this offering at an assumed initial public offering price of $5.15 per unit (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the front cover page of this prospectus) for net proceeds of approximately $ , our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value as of September 30, 2022 would have been $ or approximately $ per share of our common stock. This represents an immediate increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share of $ to the existing stockholders and an immediate dilution in pro forma net tangible book value per share of $ . The following table illustrates this per share dilution to new investors:
| Public offering price per share | $ | ||||||
| Pro forma net tangible book value per share as of September 30, 2022 | $ | ||||||
| Increase in pro forma net tangible book value per share attributable to the offering | |||||||
| Pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value (deficit) per share as of September 30, 2022 | |||||||
| Dilution in pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share to new investors | $ |
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $5.15 per unit (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the front cover page of this prospectus) would increase or decrease, as applicable, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value per share to new investors by $ , and would increase or decrease, as applicable, dilution per share to new investors in this offering by $ , assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. Similarly, each increase or decrease of units offered by us would increase or decrease, as applicable, our pro forma as adjusted net tangible book value by approximately $ per share and increase or decrease, as applicable, the dilution to new investors by $ per share, assuming the assumed initial public offering price remains the same, and after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
After completion of this offering, our existing stockholders would own approximately % and our new investors would own approximately % of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding after this offering.
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To the extent that outstanding options or warrants, if any, are exercised, you will experience further dilution. In addition, we may choose to raise additional capital due to market conditions or strategic considerations even if we believe we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. To the extent that additional capital is raised through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities may result in further dilution to our stockholders.
Capitalization Table
| Shares Purchased | Total Consideration | |||||||||||||||||||
| Number | Percent | Amount | Percent | Per Share | ||||||||||||||||
| Existing stockholders | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| New Investors | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Each $1.00 increase or decrease in the assumed initial public offering price of $5.15 per unit (the midpoint of the price range set forth on the front cover page of this prospectus) would increase or decrease, as applicable, the total consideration paid by new investors and total consideration paid by all stockholders by approximately $ , assuming that the number of shares offered by us, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the information presented in “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Data” and our historical consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements, such as statements regarding our expectation for future performance, liquidity and capital resources, that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause such differences include those identified below and those described in “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Risk Factors” and “Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Information.” We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements.
Overview
We specialize in the cost-effective development and commercialization of small molecule therapeutics for infectious diseases. We have a single FDA-approved product Arakoda, for malaria prevention in travelers. This product is revenue-generating in the United States and foreign markets, but not yet profitable, primarily due to the lack of an active marketing campaign following its introduction into the U.S. supply chain in late 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic curtailed foreign travel and therefore any ability to raise financing to support an active marketing effort.
We believe that the pathway to profitability lies through future investment in an active marketing program and recruitment of a direct sales force to support Arakoda. However, the return on investment for such an effort is likely to be much greater if it can be shown that the pool of potential prescriptions/patients is larger than that for malaria prevention alone. To that end, our primary operational goal is to demonstrate the clinical effectiveness of the already approved dosing regimen of Arakoda in other disease states. Thus, in 2023, our focus will be on executing a Phase II B clinical investigation of the efficacy of Arakoda in COVID-19 outpatients. Other supporting activities referenced below and elsewhere in this prospectus, such as improving technical specifications, limited marketing efforts, portfolio development, and observing the progress of foreign market growth, will be conducted as resources permit.
Key Factors Affecting our Performance
As a result of a number of factors, our historical results of operations may not be comparable to our results of operations in future periods, and our results of operations may not be directly comparable from period to period. Set forth below is a brief discussion of the key factors impacting our results of operations.
Known Trends and Uncertainties
Inflation
Inflation generally affects us by increasing our cost of labor and clinical trial costs. We do not believe that inflation has had a material effect on our results of operations during the periods presented.
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Supply Chain
Our approved product, Arakoda, is manufactured in India. During the audited period, our contract manufacturer experienced reduced capacity due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which in theory, but not in practice, could have disrupted continuity of U.S. supply of Arakoda.
Geopolitical Conditions
Recently, Russia initiated significant military action against Ukraine. In response, the U.S. and certain other countries imposed significant sanctions and export controls against Russia, Belarus and certain individuals and entities connected to Russian or Belarusian political, business, and financial organizations, and the U.S. and certain other countries could impose further sanctions, trade restrictions, and other retaliatory actions should the conflict continue or worsen. It is not possible to predict the broader consequences of the conflict, including related geopolitical tensions, and the measures and retaliatory actions taken by the U.S. and other countries in respect thereof as well as any counter measures or retaliatory actions by Russia or Belarus in response, including, for example, potential cyberattacks or the disruption of energy exports, is likely to cause regional instability, geopolitical shifts, and could materially adversely affect global trade, currency exchange rates, regional economies and the global economy. The situation remains uncertain, and while it is difficult to predict the impact of any of the foregoing, the conflict and actions taken in response to the conflict could increase our costs, reduce our sales and earnings, impair our ability to raise additional capital when needed on acceptable terms, if at all, or otherwise adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic
The current pandemic of COVID-19 has globally resulted in loss of life, business closures, restrictions on travel, and widespread cancellation of social gatherings. While the disruption is currently expected to be temporary, there is considerable uncertainty around the duration. Therefore, we expect this matter to negatively impact our operating results.
The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted at this time, including:
| • | new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the disease; |
| • | the duration and spread of the outbreak; |
| • | the severity of travel restrictions imposed by geographic areas in which we operate, mandatory or voluntary business closures; |
| • | our ability to enroll patients; |
| • | regulatory actions taken in response to the pandemic, which may impact merchant operations, consumer and merchant pricing, and our product offerings; |
| • | other business disruptions that affect our workforce and supply chain; |
| • | the impact on capital and financial markets; and |
| • | actions taken throughout the world, including in markets in which we operate, to contain the COVID-19 outbreak or treat its impact. |
In addition, the current pandemic of COVID-19 has resulted in a widespread global health crisis and adversely affected global economies and financial markets, and similar public health threats could do so in the future. Any potential impact to our results will depend on, to a large extent, future developments and new information that may emerge regarding the duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic and the actions taken by government authorities and other entities to contain the COVID-19 pandemic or treat its impact, almost all of which are beyond our control. If the disruptions posed by the COVID-19 pandemic or other matters of global concern continue for an extensive period of time, the operations of our business may be materially adversely affected.
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To the extent the COVID-19 pandemic or a similar public health threat has an impact on our business, it is likely to also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in the “Risk Factors” section.
Seasonality
Our business could be affected by seasonal variations. For instance, we expect to experience higher sales in the second and third quarters of the fiscal year. However, taken as a whole, seasonality does not have a material impact on our financial results.
Concentration of Revenues
We received the majority of our revenues from sales of our Arakoda product to the DoD. The DoD has historically been our largest customer. Upon fulfilment of the final purchase of product under the contract, which expired on August 31, 2022, the DoD has not issued any further contracts nor contract modifications to allow additional procurement. Further information is provided in the “Revenue” section below. Revenues remain concentrated. The following tables set forth our concentrations of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022, and 2021
| Customers (Market) | 9/30/2022 | 9/30/2021 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
| Biocelect (Australia) | $ | 87,840 | $ | 37,046 | $ | 50,794 | 137 | % | ||||||||
| DoD (US Military) | - | 1,068,750 | (1,068750 | ) | (100) | % | ||||||||||
| ICS AmerisourceBergen (US Commercial) | 193,020 | 25,080 | 167,940 | 670 | % | |||||||||||
| Scandinavian Biopharma Distribution AB (European Union) | 18,000 | - | 18,000 | NA | % | |||||||||||
| Gross Revenue | $ | 298,860 | $ | 1,130,876 | $ | (832,016 | ) | (74) | % | |||||||
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2021, and 2020
| Customers (Market) | 12/31/2021 | 12/31/2020 | $ Change | % Change | ||||||||||||
| Biocelect (Australia) | $ | 37,046 | $ | - | $ | 37,046 | NA | % | ||||||||
| DoD (US Military) | 1,150,650 | 2,137,500 | (986,850 | ) | (46) | % | ||||||||||
| ICS AmerisourceBergen (US Commercial) | (27,356 | ) | 12,825 | (40,181 | ) | (313) | % | |||||||||
| Other non-significant customers | - | 31,034 | 31,034 | (100) | % | |||||||||||
| Gross Revenue | $ | 1,160,340 | $ | 2,181,359 | $ | (1,021,019 | ) | (47) | % | |||||||
Results of Operations
The following tables set forth our consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, and 2021 and the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022, and 2021
The following table sets forth our results of operations for the period presented:
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Revenue | $ | 298,860 | $ | 1,130,876 | ||||
| Cost of goods sold | 308,013 | 779,123 | ||||||
| Gross profit | (9,153 | ) | 351,753 | |||||
| Research Revenue | 259,669 | 4,935,335 | ||||||
| Net Revenue | 250,516 | 5,287,088 | ||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||
| Research and development | 477,106 | 5,077,126 | ||||||
| General and administrative | 839,157 | 852,178 | ||||||
| Total operating expenses | 1,316,263 | 5,929,304 | ||||||
| Loss from operations | (1,065,747 | ) | (642,216 | ) | ||||
| Interest and other income (expense), net: | ||||||||
| Interest expense | (2,883,714 | ) | (2,251,676 | ) | ||||
| Derivative expense | (256,111 | ) | - | |||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities | (23,496 | ) | - | |||||
| Other income (expense) | (29,810 | ) | (661 | ) | ||||
| Total interest and other income (expense), net | (3,193,131 | ) | (2,252,337 | ) | ||||
| Pretax loss | (4,258,878 | ) | (2,894,553 | ) | ||||
| Taxes | 750 | 750 | ||||||
| Net loss | (4,259,628 | ) | (2,895,303 | ) | ||||
| Loss attributable to non-controlling interest | (1,454 | ) | (4,567 | ) | ||||
| Net loss attributable to 60P | (4,258,174 | ) | (2,890,736 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive loss: | ||||||||
| Net loss | (4,259,628 | ) | (2,895,303 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized foreign currency translation (loss) gain | (20,850 | ) | (17,838 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive loss | (4,280,478 | ) | (2,913,141 | ) | ||||
| Net loss – non-controlling interest | (1,454 | ) | (4,567 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized foreign currency translation (loss) gain from non-controlling interest | (544 | ) | (170 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive loss attributable | $ | (4,278,480 | ) | $ | (2,908,404 | ) | ||
The following table sets forth our results of operations as a percentage of revenue:
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Revenue | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||
| Cost of goods sold | 103.06 | 68.90 | ||||||
| Gross profit | (3.06 | ) | 31.10 | |||||
| Research Revenue | 86.89 | 436.42 | ||||||
| Net Revenue | 83.83 | 467.52 | ||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||
| Research and development | 159.64 | 448.96 | ||||||
| General and administrative | 280.79 | 75.36 | ||||||
| Total operating expenses | 440.43 | 524.32 | ||||||
| Loss from operations | (356.60 | ) | (56.80 | ) | ||||
| Interest and other income (expense), net: | ||||||||
| Interest expense | (964.90 | ) | (199.11 | ) | ||||
| Derivative expense | (85.70 | ) | - | |||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities | (7.86 | ) | - | |||||
| Other income (expense) | (9.97 | ) | (0.06 | ) | ||||
| Total interest and other income (expense), net | (1,068.43 | ) | (199.17 | ) | ||||
| Pretax loss | (1,425.03 | ) | (255.97 | ) | ||||
| Taxes | 0.25 | 0.07 | ||||||
| Net loss | (1,425.28 | ) | (256.04 | ) | ||||
| Loss attributable to non-controlling interest | (0.49 | ) | (0.40 | ) | ||||
| Net loss attributable | (1,424.79 | ) | (255.64 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive loss: | ||||||||
| Net loss | (1,425.28 | ) | (256.04 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized foreign currency translation (loss) gain | (6.98 | ) | (1.58 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive loss | (1,432.26 | ) | (257.62 | ) | ||||
| Net loss – non-controlling interest | (0.49 | ) | (0.40 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized foreign currency translation (loss) gain from non-controlling interest | (0.18 | ) | (0.02 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive loss attributable | (1,431.59 | )% | (257.20 | )% | ||||
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Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022, and 2021
Revenue, Cost of Goods Sold, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 298,860 | $ | 1,130,876 | $ | (832,016) | (73.57) | % | ||||||||
| Cost of goods sold | 308,013 | 779,123 | (471,110) | (60.47) | % | |||||||||||
| Gross profit | $ | (9,153) | $ | 351,753 | $ | (360,906) | (102.60) | % | ||||||||
| Gross margin | (3.06) | % | 31.10 | % | ||||||||||||
Revenue
Our sales were $298,860 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to $1,130,876 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. As of September 30, 2022, one government customer accounted for none (and 95% as of September 30, 2021) of our total sales. The decrease in sales was mainly due to a 3-year Arakoda acquisition contract that involved purchasing a full lot (7,500 boxes) in 2020 and a half lot (3,750 boxes) in 2021, which was fulfilled by August 31, 2021. This contract was executed by the United States Army Medical and Materiel Development Activity (USAMMDA) to support commercialization efforts.
Although, as of the date of this prospectus, we were not in discussions with the DoD about additional/future procurement, we anticipate that this will be feasible in the future if one or more of the conditions/events described in this paragraph occur. First, the position of Arakoda in the DoD formulary (Tricare, deployed personnel) needs to be improved from second/third tier to at least equivalency with competing products (as is the case for civilian use as recommended by the CDC). Second, the shelf-life of the existing product requires extension, which is known to be technically possible as the shelf-life of Kodatef in Australia is 48 months, but appropriate data must be generated to meet FDA requirements. Finally, a change in the operational footprint of DoD deployments to areas with higher malaria attack rates (e.g., the Liberia deployment to manage the Ebola outbreak in 2014) may lead to a rapid reassessment by DoD of the position of Arakoda in the formulary (advancement of the last approved prophylactic antimalarial to co-equal standard of care took thirteen years).
Arakoda entered the U.S. civilian supply chain in the third quarter of 2019. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, 257 boxes were sold to patients. Sales increased by 49% to 384 boxes to patients for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Increasing commercial sales reflect organic growth, since no active marketing efforts were made during the pandemic and the wholesale acquisition cost has not changed from launch in 2019 through September 30, 2022.
Kodatef sales to our distributor Biocelect in Australia for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $87,840 ($37,046 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021). Sales to Biocelect are subject to a profit share distribution once the original transfer price has been recouped. As of September 30, 2022 no profit share has been due to the Company, though the Company did settle the historical profit share through September 30, 2022 for $24,486 (AUD$35,000) on January 16, 2023.
During the first nine months of 2022, we recorded our first sale of Arakoda/Kodatef to our European distributor Scandinavian Biopharma Distribution AB. Product will be distributed there on a named patient basis. As in Australia a profit distribution share is possible depending on the retail price established.
Cost of Goods Sold, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin
The cost of goods sold was $308,013 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to $779,123 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in cost of goods sold was primarily due to sale of a half lot to the government in 2021. The Gross Margin % fell to (3.06)% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 from 31.10%. This is due to the current low sales volume and the fixed part of cost of goods. As the sales volume continues to grow the gross margin will improve as the variable cost of goods of each unit sold is substantially less than the sales price.
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Research Revenue
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
| Research revenue | $ | 259,669 | $ | 4,935,335 | $ | (4,675,666 | ) | (95 | )% | |||||||
The research revenue earned by us was $259,669 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to $4,935,335 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Our research revenue is derived mostly from a single, awarded research grant in the amount of $4,999,814 (with an additional $720,000 awarded February 26, 2021) from the Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (which may be referred to as “JPEO”) at the beginning of December 2020 to study Arakoda in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients. The trial was actively recruiting patients from February to September of 2021; hence the majority of the grant revenue was earned in the first nine months of 2021 ending on September 30. At the end of 2021, $245,552 remained on the grant. The study was largely completed with the planned lab data analysis and the submission of the final study report completed during the first nine months of 2022 ending on September 30. We also earn research revenues from the Australian Tax Authority for research expenses conducted in Australia, the rebate was $14,117 at the end of nine months ending September 30, 2022 compared to $19,710 at the nine months ending September 30, 2021.
Operating Expenses
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
| Research and development | $ | 477,106 | $ | 5,077,126 | $ | (4,600,020 | ) | (91 | )% | |||||||
| General and administrative | 839,157 | 852,178 | (13,021 | ) | (2 | )% | ||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | 1,316,263 | $ | 5,929,304 | $ | (4,613,041 | ) | |||||||||
Research and Development Expenses
We considerably reduced research and development costs as we completed our Phase II COVID-19 trial in 2022. Direct COVID-19 related trial costs are 33% of the costs through the nine months ended September 30, 2022 at $157,892 and 88% of the costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 at $4,454,770. Research and development costs are expected to increase substantially in 2023, as the second COVID-19 clinical trial and supporting activities are initiated.
General and Administrative Expenses
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our General and Administrative expenses decreased by 2% or $13,021. While the net amounts did not change substantially for the nine months ended September 30, in 2022 we spent substantially more for accounting, auditing and investor outreach at $271,864 (up from $14,877 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021). Whereas, we spent substantially less for legal, regulatory advice and insurance, $183,486 at nine months ended September 30, 2022 ($345,028 at nine months ended September 30, 2021).
Interest and Other Income (Expense), Net
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (2,883,714 | ) | (2,251,676 | ) | (632,038 | ) | 28 | % | ||||||||
| Derivative expense | (256,111 | ) | - | (256,111 | ) | NA | ||||||||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities | (23,496 | ) | - | (23,496 | ) | NA | ||||||||||
| Other Income (Expense) | (29,810 | ) | (661 | ) | (29,149 | ) | 4,410 | % | ||||||||
| Total Interest and Other Income (Expense), Net | $ | (3,193,131 | ) | $ | (2,252,337 | ) | $ | (940,794 | ) | 42 | % | |||||
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Interest Expense
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized $2,883,714 of interest expense ($2,251,676 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021). The increase is primarily related to growing principal and interest balances with the primary lender Knight. Cash paid for interest expense was $731 and none for the nine months ending September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021, respectively.
Derivative Expense
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized $256,111 of derivative expense (none for the nine months ended September 30, 2021). The increase is related to the raising of $1,105,000 of bridge funding.
Change in Fair Value of Derivative Liabilities
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized a change in fair value of derivative liabilities of $23,496 (none for the nine months ended September 30, 2021). The increase is related to derivatives generated from the bridge funding raise.
Other Income (Expense), Net
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized ($29,810) in Other Income (Expense) compared to ($661) for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. In 2022, it was uncovered that federal tax form 8992 may have not been properly filed. We have elected to record a $30,000 tax liability for the review of the nine months ended September 30, 2022, $10,000 each for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021 (none for the nine months ended September 30, 2021).
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020.
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2021, and 2020
The following table sets forth our results of operations for the period presented:
Twelve Months Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,160,340 | $ | 2,181,359 | ||||
| Cost of goods sold | 850,742 | 702,989 | ||||||
| Gross profit | 309,598 | 1,478,370 | ||||||
| Research Revenue | 5,192,516 | 368,107 | ||||||
| Net Revenue | 5,502,114 | 1,846,477 | ||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||
| Research and development | 5,510,866 | 806,683 | ||||||
| General and administrative | 1,115,350 | 1,457,924 | ||||||
| Total operating expenses | 6,626,216 | 2,264,607 | ||||||
| Loss from operations | (1,124,102 | ) | (418,130 | ) | ||||
| Interest and other income (expense), net: | ||||||||
| Interest expense | (3,172,712 | ) | (2,678,435 | ) | ||||
| Other income (expense) | 37,515 | 49,095 | ||||||
| Pretax loss | (4,259,299 | ) | (3,047,470 | ) | ||||
| Taxes | 1,000 | 1,000 | ||||||
| Net loss | (4,260,299 | ) | (3,048,470 | ) | ||||
| Loss attributable to non-controlling interest | (8,554 | ) | (14,726 | ) | ||||
Net loss attributable to 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC | (4,251,745 | ) | (3,033,744 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive loss: | ||||||||
| Net loss | (4,260,299 | ) | (3,048,470 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized foreign currency translation (loss) gain | (3,031 | ) | (134,254 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive loss | (4,263,330 | ) | (3,182,724 | ) | ||||
| Net loss – non-controlling interest | (8,554 | ) | (14,726 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized foreign currency translation (loss) gain from non-controlling interest | 1,588 | (5,587 | ) | |||||
Comprehensive loss attributable to 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC | $ | (4,256,364 | ) | $ | (3,162,411 | ) | ||
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The following table sets forth our results of operations as a percentage of revenue:
| Twelve
Months Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Revenue | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||
| Cost of goods sold | 73.32 | 32.23 | ||||||
| Gross profit | 26.68 | 67.77 | ||||||
| Research Revenue | 447.50 | 16.88 | ||||||
| Net Revenue | 474.18 | 84.65 | ||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||
| Research and development | 474.94 | 36.98 | ||||||
| General and administrative | 96.12 | 66.84 | ||||||
| Total operating expenses | 571.06 | 103.82 | ||||||
| Loss from operations | (96.88 | ) | (19.17 | ) | ||||
| Interest and other income (expense), net: | ||||||||
| Interest expense | (273.43 | ) | (122.79 | ) | ||||
| Other income (expense) | 3.23 | 2.25 | ||||||
| Total interest and other income (expense), net | (270.20 | ) | (120.54 | ) | ||||
| Pretax loss | (367.08 | ) | (139.71 | ) | ||||
| Taxes | 0.09 | 0.05 | ||||||
| Net loss | (367.17 | ) | (139.76 | ) | ||||
| Loss attributable to non-controlling interest | (0.74 | ) | (0.68 | ) | ||||
Net loss attributable to 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC | (366.43 | ) | (139.08 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive loss: | ||||||||
| Net loss | (367.17 | ) | (139.76 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized foreign currency translation (loss) gain | (0.26 | ) | (6.15 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive loss | (367.43 | ) | (145.91 | ) | ||||
| Net loss – non-controlling interest | (0.74 | ) | (0.68 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized foreign currency translation (loss) gain from non-controlling interest | 0.14 | (0.26 | ) | |||||
Comprehensive loss attributable to 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC | (366.83 | )% | (144.97 | )% | ||||
Comparison of the Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2021, and 2020
Revenue, Cost of Goods Sold, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin
| Twelve Months Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 1,160,340 | $ | 2,181,359 | $ | (1,021,019 | ) | (46.81 | )% | |||||||
| Cost of goods sold | 850,742 | 702,989 | 147,753 | 21.02 | % | |||||||||||
| Gross profit | $ | 309,598 | $ | 1,478,370 | $ | (1,168,772 | ) | (79.06 | )% | |||||||
| Gross margin | 26.68 | % | 67.77 | % | ||||||||||||
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Revenue
Sales for 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals were $1,160,340 for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to $2,181,359 for the year ended December 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2021, one government customer accounted for approximately 92% (and 98% as of December 31, 2020) of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals’ total sales. The decrease in sales was mainly due to a 3-year Arakoda acquisition contract that involved purchasing a full lot (7,500 boxes) in 2020 and a half lot (3,750 boxes) in 2021, and which ended on August 31, 2021. This contract was executed by the United States Army Medical and Materiel Development Activity (USAMMDA) to support commercialization efforts.
Although, as of the date of this prospectus, we were not in discussions with the DoD about additional/future procurement, we anticipate that this will be feasible in the future if one or more of the conditions/events described in this paragraph occur. First, the position of Arakoda in the DoD formulary (Tricare, deployed personnel) needs to be improved from second/third tier to at least equivalency with competing products (as is the case for civilian use as recommended by the CDC). Second, the shelf-life of the existing product requires extension, which is known to be technically possible as the shelf-life of Kodatef in Australia is 48 months, but appropriate data must be generated to meet FDA requirements. Finally, a change in the operational footprint of DoD deployments to areas with higher malaria attack rates (e.g., the Liberia deployment to manage the Ebola outbreak in 2014) may lead to a rapid reassessment by DoD of the position of Arakoda in the formulary (advancement of the last approved prophylactic antimalarial to co-equal standard of care took thirteen years).
Arakoda entered the U.S. civilian supply chain in the third quarter of 2019. In 2020, 207 boxes were sold. Sales increased by 87% to 389 boxes in 2021. Increasing civilian sales reflect organic growth, since no active marketing efforts were made during the pandemic and the wholesale acquisition cost has not changed since launch in 2019.
Kodatef sales to our distributor Biocelect in Australia for the year ended December 31, 2021 were $37,046 (none at December 31, 2020). Sales to Biocelect are subject to a profit share distribution once the original transfer price has been recouped. As of December 31, 2021, no profit share has been due to us.
Cost of Goods Sold, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin
The cost of goods sold was $850,742 for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to $702,989 for the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase in cost of goods sold was primarily due to a change in accounting for what we now consider periodic COGS such as storage and serialization that is now charged on a quarterly basis. Previously, these costs were accumulated and assigned to production lots ($122,181 unassigned at the end of 2020). The gross margin percentage fell to 26.68% in 2021 from 67.77%. This is due to the aforementioned government client’s purchases, which were much more profitable. We were able to sell the lots directly to the government skipping the traditional supply chain entirely thus avoiding many of the costs charged by distribution partners, wholesalers and insurers.
Research Revenue
| Twelve Months Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | $ Change | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Research revenue | $ | 5,192,516 | $ | 368,107 | $ | 4,824,409 | 1,310.6 | % | ||||||||
The research revenue earned by the Company was $5,192,516 for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to $368,107 for the year ended December 30, 2020. The Company’s research revenue is mostly derived from a single, awarded research grant in the amount of $4,999,814 (with an additional $720,000 awarded February 26, 2021) from the Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (which may be referred to as “JPEO”) at the beginning of December 2020 to study Arakoda in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients. The research revenue earned as of December 31, 2020, covered the initial start-up expenses to launch the clinical trial, which was actively recruiting patients from February to September of 2021, hence the majority of the grant was conducted in 2021 and the majority of the grant revenues were recorded in the year ended December 31, 2021. At the end of 2021, $245,552 remained on the grant. The study was largely completed with the planned lab data analysis and the submission of the final study report remaining in 2022.
We also earn research revenues from the Australian Tax Authority for research expenses conducted in Australia, $19,511 for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $66,849 for the year ended December 31, 2020. We can earn a research rebate of 45% for eligible expenses and thus attempts to strategically conduct research in Australia whenever possible.
Operating Expenses
| Twelve Months Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
| Research and development | $ | 5,510,866 | $ | 806,683 | $ | 4,704,183 | 583 | % | ||||||||
| General and administrative | 1,115,350 | 1,457,924 | (342,574 | ) | (23) | % | ||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | $ | 6,626,216 | $ | 2,264,607 | $ | 4,361,609 | 193 | % | ||||||||
Research and Development Expenses
We considerably expanded research and development costs as we ramped up our Phase II COVID-19 trial in 2021. Direct COVID-19 related trial costs are 86% of the costs in 2021 at $4,721,635 and 12% of the costs in 2020 at $100,378. Research and development costs were expected to be significantly lower in 2022, as the write-up of the clinical study reported was completed. Research and development costs are expected to increase substantially in 2023, potentially up to $6.5 million, as the second COVID-19 clinical trial and supporting activities are initiated.
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General and Administrative Expenses
In 2021, our General and Administrative expenses decreased by 23% or $342,574. This decrease is primarily related to a corresponding decrease of guaranteed payments to the then partners of $324,216 ($353,811 in 2021, $678,027 in 2020). In 2020, a former partner was actively employed with us for only the first half of the year and additionally in 2021 guaranteed payments were included in research and development.
Interest and Other Income (Expense), Net
| Twelve Months Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | $ Change | %
Change | |||||||||||||
| COVID-19 related grants and PPP | $ | 38,500 | $ | 49,216 | $ | (10,716 | ) | (22 | )% | |||||||
| Interest expense | (3,172,712 | ) | (2,678,435 | ) | (494,277 | ) | 18 | % | ||||||||
| Other Income (Expense) | (985 | ) | (121 | ) | (864 | ) | 714 | % | ||||||||
| Total Interest and Other Income (Expense), Net | $ | (3,135,197 | ) | $ | (2,629,340 | ) | $ | (505,857 | ) | 19 | % | |||||
COVID-19 related grants and PPP
In 2021, we qualified for a fully forgivable PPP loan of $38,500. In 2020, that amount was $41,667 and additionally we received a local COVID-19 grant of $4,549 and an SBA EIDL Grant of $3,000.
Interest Expense
In 2021, we recognized $3,172,712 of interest expense ($2,678,435 in 2020). The increase is primarily related to growing principal and interest balances with the primary lender Knight. Cash paid for interest expense was none in 2021 (none in 2020).
Other Income (Expense), Net
In 2021, we recognized ($985) in Other Income (Expense) compared to ($121) in 2020.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We had net cash used in operating activities of $649,106 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, and the cash balance was $439,393 as of September 30, 2022. We continue to control our cash expenses as a percentage of expected revenue on an annual basis and thus may use our cash balances in the short term to invest in revenue growth. Based on current internal projections, should the full amount of the proceeds from this offering be realized, and if our planned COVID-19 clinical study is eligible to receive Australian government research and development tax rebates and it is possible to borrow and receive funds from a lender ahead of issuance of those tax rebates, we estimate that we will have sufficient funds to remain viable through September 30, 2023 (sufficient to complete an optional futility analysis at 33% enrollment in the clinical study if desired). However, we may not remain viable until September 30, 2023, if we end up being ineligible for research tax credits or cannot borrow against their future issuance. We cannot give assurance that we can increase our cash balances or limit our cash consumption and thus maintain sufficient cash balances for our planned operations or future acquisitions. Future business demands may lead to cash utilization at levels greater than recently experienced. We may need to raise additional capital in the future. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to raise additional capital on acceptable terms, or at all. Subject to the foregoing, management believes that we will have sufficient capital and liquidity to fund our operations for at least one year from the date of issuance of the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
To date, we have funded our operations through debt and equity financings.
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Borrowings
On December 10, 2015, we entered into the Loan Agreement and Engagement with Knight, as amended eight times, pursuant to which, we originally borrowed $500,000 at a per annum interest rate of 15% (the “Knight Loan”) and a debenture agreement of face value $3 million on April 24, 2018. As of September 30, 2022, the current outstanding balance of the Knight Loan and Knight Debenture is $19,768,980.
Pursuant to the Knight Debt Conversion Agreement, executed January 9, 2023 and modified on January 13, 2023, and again on January 27, 2023, the Company and Knight agreed, to formalize a previously negotiated term sheet that, in the event of a successful IPO, fixed Knight’s cumulative debt to the value as it stood on March 31, 2022, which consisted of $10,770,037 in principal and $8,096,486 in accumulated interest, and to convert the aforementioned amounts, should the Company execute an IPO that results in gross proceeds of at least $7,000,000 prior to December 31, 2023 as follows:
| · | The Parties agreed to convert the Principal Amount into (i) that number of shares of Common Stock equal to dividing the Principal Amount by an amount equal to the offering price of the Common Stock in the IPO discounted by 15% (the “Conversion Common Shares”), rounding up for fractional shares, in a number of Conversion Shares up to 19.9% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock after giving effect of the IPO; (ii) the Company will make a milestone payment of $10 million to Knight if, after the date of a Qualifying IPO, the Company sells ARAKODA or if a Change of Control (as per the definition included in the original loan agreement dated on December 10, 2015) occurs, provided that the purchaser of ARAKODA or individual or entity gaining control of the Borrower is not the Lender or an affiliate of the Lender; (iii) following the License and Supply agreement dated on December 10, 2015 and subsequently amended on January 21, 2019, an expansion of existing distribution rights to tafenoquine/Arakoda to include COVID-19 indications as well as malaria prevention across the Territory as defined in said documents, subject to US Army approval; and (iv) Company will retain Lender or an affiliate to provide financial consulting services, management, strategic and/or regulatory advice of value $30,000 per month for five years (the parties will negotiate the terms of that consulting agreement separately in good faith). |
| · | The Parties agreed to convert the Accrued Interest into that number of shares (the “Conversion Preferred Shares” and, together with the Conversion Common Shares, the “Conversion Shares”) of a new class of preferred stock (the “Preferred Stock”) by dividing the Accrued Interest by [$100.00], then rounding up. The Preferred Stock shall have the following rights, preferences, and designations: (i) have a 6% [cumulative] dividend accumulated annually on March 31; (ii) shall be non-voting stock; (iii) are not redeemable, (iv) be convertible to shares of Common Stock at a price equal to the lower of (1) the price paid for the shares of Common Stock in the IPO and (2) the 10 day volume weighted average share price immediately prior to conversion; and (v) conversion of the preferred stock to common shares will be at the sole discretion of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not convert the Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock if as a result of such conversion Lender will own 19.9% or more of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock. |
| · | In addition to the conversion of the Debt, for a period commencing on January 1, 2022 and ending upon the earlier of 10 years after the closing of the IPO or the conversion or redemption in full of the Conversion Preferred Shares, Company shall pay Lender a royalty equal to 3.5% of the Company’s net sales (the “Royalty”), where “Net Sales” has the same meaning as in the Company’s license agreement with the U.S. Army for tafenoquine. Upon the qualified IPO, the Company shall calculate the royalty payable to Knight at the end of each calendar quarter. The Company shall pay to Knight the royalty amounts due with respect to a given calendar quarter within fifteen (15) Business Days after the end of such calendar quarter. Each payment of royalties due to Knight shall be accompanied by a statement specifying the total gross sales, the net sales and the deductions taken to arrive to net sales. For clarification purposes, the first royalty payment will be performed following the above instructions, on the first calendar quarter in which the qualified IPO takes place and will cover the sales of the period from January 1, 2022, until the end of said calendar quarter. |
Should an IPO not occur by January 1, 2024, then all terms of the original Knight Loan and Knight Debenture would resume including any interest earned after March 31, 2022
On October 11, 2017, we issued a $750,000 promissory note, as amended, to Avante International Limited with accrued interest at an annual rate of 5.0% for the first six months, and 10% thereafter. On December 23, 2017, Avante International Limited transferred the note to Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note . The current outstanding balance of the Xu Equity Conversion Yu Note is $1,196,973 as of September 30, 2022. On December 11, 2022, the Company and Xu Yu signed an agreement to convert outstanding principal and accumulated interest to common shares in the event Company consummates an IPO, with the amount of accumulated interest to be converted being fixed to the amount outstanding at March 31, 2022 which represents a $57,829 reduction in the accrued interest liability and thus the total amount to be converted is $1,139,144.
On May 14, 2020, we issued the Note to the U.S. Small Business Administration with a principal amount of $150,000 and a per annum interest rate of 3.75%. The current outstanding of the COVID-19 Loan is $162,954 as of September 30, 2022.
On May 19, 2022, we issued a Convertible Promissory Note to Geoffrey Dow, as assigned to the Geoffrey S. Dow Revocable Trust dated August 27, 2018 on May 19, 2022, with a principal amount of $44,444.44 and a per annum interest rate of 6%. Upon the occurrence of our initial public offering, the balance of such note will convert immediately prior to the initial public offering at a price equal to 80% of the price per share of the common stock sold in the initial public offering.
On May 19, 2022, we issued a Convertible Promissory Note to Mountjoy Trust with a principal amount of $294,444.42 and a per annum interest rate of 6%. Upon the occurrence of our initial public offering, the balance of such note will convert immediately prior to the initial public offering at a price equal to 80% of the price per share of the common stock sold in the initial public offering.
On May 24, 2022, we issued a note in the amount of $333,333.30 to Bigger Capital Fund, LP. On the date of the pricing of our initial public offering, we will deliver to Bigger Capital Fund, LP shares of our common stock equal to (i) 100% of the face value of the note divided by the initial public offering price per share or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of our common stock calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation and the number of our outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023.
On May 24, 2022, we issued a note in the amount of $277,777.78 to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP. On the date of the pricing of our initial public offering, we will deliver to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP shares of our common stock equal to (i) 100% of the face value of the note divided by the initial public offering price per share or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of our common stock calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation and the number of our outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023.
On May 24, 2022, we issued a note in the amount of $277,777.78 to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd. On the date of the pricing of our initial public offering, we will deliver to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd shares of our common stock equal to (i) 100% of the face value of the note divided by the initial public offering price per share or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of our common stock calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation and the number of our outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023.
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Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2021:
| Payments
Due By Period |
||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than | More than |
|||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 1 year | 1-3 years | 4-5 years | 5 years | ||||||||||||||||
| Principal obligations on the debt arrangements | $ | 7,209,823 | $ | - | $ | 7,059,823 | $ | - | $ | 150,000 | ||||||||||
| Interest obligations on the debt arrangements | 9,314,137 | 1,525 | 9,312,612 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
| Operating leases | 59,795 | 46,795 | 13,000 | - | - | |||||||||||||||
| Purchase obligations | 82,938 | 82,938 | - | - | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 16,666,693 | $ | 131,258 | $ | 16,385,435 | $ | - | $ | 150,000 | ||||||||||
Cash Flows
The following table sets forth the primary sources and uses of cash for each of the periods presented below:
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022, and 2021
| Nine
Months Ended September 30, |
||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by: | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating activities | $ | (944,003 | ) | $ | (337,644 | ) | $ | (606,359 | ) | 180 | % | |||||
| Investing activities | (1,488 | ) | (33,638 | ) | 32,150 | (96 | )% | |||||||||
| Financing activities | 1,290,335 | 527,381 | 762,954 | 145 | % | |||||||||||
| Effect of foreign currency translation on cash flow | (20,850 | ) | (12,251 | ) | (8,599 | ) | 70 | % | ||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | $ | 323,994 | $ | 143,848 | $ | 180,146 | 125 | % | ||||||||
Cash Used in Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $944,003 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to $337,644 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in net cash used in operating activities was primarily due to the drop in revenues from the end of the DoD procurement contract with none recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 ($1,068,750 recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2021).
Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $1,488 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to $33,638 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to a reduction in the annual capitalization of patents.
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $1,290,335 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to $527,381 for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in net cash provided by financing activities was primarily due to $1,105,000 in bridge round financing received on May 24, 2022.
Twelve Months Ended December 31, 2021, and 2020
| Twelve
Months Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 2020 | $ Change | % Change | |||||||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by: | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating activities | $ | (649,106 | ) | $ | (167,299 | ) | $ | (481,807 | ) | 288 | % | |||||
| Investing activities | (35,392 | ) | (70,978 | ) | 35,586 | (50 | )% | |||||||||
| Financing activities | 611,226 | 277,357 | 333,869 | 120 | % | |||||||||||
| Effect of foreign currency translation on cash flow | (3,031 | ) | (134,254 | ) | 131,223 | (98 | )% | |||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (76,303 | ) | $ | (95,174 | ) | $ | 18,871 | (20 | )% | ||||||
Cash Used in Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $649,106 for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to $167,299 for the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase in net cash used in operating activities was primarily due to paying down of accounts payable during the year.
Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $35,392 for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to $70,978 for the year ended December 31, 2020. The decrease in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to a reduction in the annual capitalization of patents.
Cash Provided by Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $611,226 for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to $277,357 for the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase in net cash provided by financing activities was primarily due to accrued interest on loans and new investments by Members during 2021.
Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively, included an explanatory note referring to our recurring operating losses and expressing substantial doubt in our ability to continue as a going concern. Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes the realization of assets and settlement of liabilities in the normal course of business. To date, we have not yet established an ongoing source of revenues and cash flows sufficient to cover our operating costs and allow us to continue as a going concern. These factors among others raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time.
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Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our ability to generate profitable operations in the future and/or to obtain the necessary financing to meet our obligations and repay our liabilities arising from normal business operations when they become due. The outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with any certainty at this time and raise substantial doubt that we will be able to continue as a going concern. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amount and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.
Critical Accounting Policies, Significant Judgments, and Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Investments
We do not have any material external investments.
Revenue Recognition
We receive revenues from sales of our Arakoda product to the DoD and resellers in the U.S. and abroad. We record deferred revenues for any advances and then recognize revenue upon shipment to the retailer who orders product for a specific customer. We record a receivable for any amounts to be received pursuant to such sales.
Research revenue was recognized when research expenses against the JPEO grant were recognized at the end of each month. Research revenues would not exceed research expenses for a given period as the grant did not include the general and administrative, overhead or profit components.
Derivative Liabilities
We assessed the classification of our derivative financial instruments as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, which consist of bridge shares, convertible notes payable and certain warrants (excluding those for compensation) and have determined that such instruments qualify for treatment as derivative liabilities as they meet the criteria for liability classification under ASC 815.
We analyze all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under FASB ASC Topic No. 480, (“ASC 480”), “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” and FASB ASC Topic No. 815, (“ASC 815”) “Derivatives and Hedging.” Derivative liabilities are adjusted to reflect fair value at each reporting period, with any increase or decrease in the fair value recorded in the results of operations (other income/expense) as change in fair value of derivative liabilities. We use a Monte Carlo Simulation Model (“MCSM”) to determine the fair value of these instruments.
Upon conversion or repayment of a debt or equity instrument in exchange for shares of common stock, where the embedded conversion option has been bifurcated and accounted for as a derivative liability (generally convertible debt and warrants), we record the shares of common stock at fair value, relieve all related debt, derivative liabilities, and debt discounts, and recognize a net gain or loss on debt extinguishment. In connection with the debt extinguishment, we typically record an increase to additional paid-in capital for any remaining liability balance.
Equity instruments that are initially classified as equity that become subject to reclassification under ASC Topic 815 are reclassified to liabilities at the fair value of the instrument on the reclassification date.
Original Issue Discount (“OID”)
For certain notes issued, we may provide the debt holder with an original issue discount. The original issue discount is recorded as a debt discount, reducing the face amount of the note, and is amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt, in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
Debt Issue Cost
Debt issuance costs paid to lenders, or third parties are recorded as debt discounts and amortized to interest expense over the life of the underlying debt instrument, in the Statements of Operations.
Income Taxes
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC is a C-corporation for income tax purposes. We account for income taxes under the liability method, and deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying values of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. A valuation allowance is provided on deferred tax assets if it is determined that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized in the following five years. We do not expect to realize any benefits in 2021 and 2020. Most of the deferred tax benefits are abroad and we do not project a profit in our subsidiary by 2026. We record interest, net of any applicable related income tax benefit, on potential income tax contingencies as a component of income tax expense.
We record tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return based upon the amount that is more likely than not to be realized or paid, including in connection with the resolution of any related appeals or other legal processes. Accordingly, we recognize liabilities for certain unrecognized tax benefits based on the amounts that are more likely than not to be settled with the relevant taxing authority. We recognize interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
During 2021 and 2020, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated organizations or financial partnerships, such as structured finance or special purpose entities that would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.
JOBS Act Accounting Election
In April 2012, the JOBS Act was enacted. Section 107(b) of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. Thus, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to avail ourselves of this exemption and, therefore, we will not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.
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Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The FASB issues ASUs to amend the authoritative literature in ASC. There have been a number of ASUs to date, that amend the original text of ASC. Management believes that those issued to date either (i) provide supplemental guidance, (ii) are technical corrections, (iii) are not applicable to us or (iv) are not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated condensed financial statements.
In August 2020, FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity; Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”), as part of its overall simplification initiative to reduce costs and complexity of applying accounting standards while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to users of financial statements. Among other changes, the new guidance removes from GAAP separation models for convertible debt that require the convertible debt to be separated into a debt and equity component, unless the conversion feature is required to be bifurcated and accounted for as a derivative or the debt is issued at a substantial premium. As a result, after adopting the guidance, entities will no longer separately present such embedded conversion features in equity and will instead account for the convertible debt wholly as debt. The new guidance also requires use of the “if-converted” method when calculating the dilutive impact of convertible debt on earnings per share, which is consistent with our current accounting treatment under the current guidance. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted, but only at the beginning of the fiscal year.
We adopted this pronouncement on January 1, 2022; however, the adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt—Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options. This new standard provides clarification and reduces diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (such as warrants) that remain equity classified after modification or exchange. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Issuers should apply the new standard prospectively to modifications or exchanges occurring after the effective date of the new standard. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an issuer elects to early adopt the new standard in an interim period, the guidance should be applied as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. We do not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires an acquirer in a business combination to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606. ASU 2021-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and early adoption is permitted. While we are continuing to assess the timing of adoption and the potential impacts of ASU 2021-08, we do not expect ASU 2021-08 will have a material effect, if any, on its consolidated financial statements.
Overview
We are a growth-oriented specialty pharmaceutical company with a goal of using cutting-edge biological science and applied research to further develop and commercialize new therapies for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. We have successfully achieved regulatory approval of Arakoda, a malaria preventative treatment that has been on the market since late 2019. Currently, 60P’s pipeline under development covers development programs for COVID-19, fungal, tick-borne, and other viral diseases through Arakoda and Celgosivir.
Market Opportunity
In 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) approved Arakoda for malaria prevention in individuals 18 years and older, an indication for which there has historically been approximately 550,000 prescriptions (one prescription per three weeks of travel) in the United States each year for the current market-leading product (atovaquone-proguanil). Arakoda entered the U.S. supply chain in the third quarter of 2019, just prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. As the approved indication is for travel medicine, and international travel was substantially impacted by the pandemic, we did not undertake any active marketing efforts for Arakoda. Targeted marketing efforts will commence in 2023 to promote the malaria indication as resources permit, although we expect our primary efforts to be developing Arakoda for other applications.
We are developing Arakoda for non-malaria indications to address several therapeutic indications that have substantial U.S. caseloads, as further described below:
| • | Treatment of COVID-19. According to The New York Times, the lowest daily case rate for the COVID-19 virus since March 2020 based on a seven-day average has not typically been below 11,000 cases. Assuming this trend continues, this dynamic translates into a potential market size of at least 4,000,000 cases per year in 2023 and future years. Paxlovid and molnupiravir have received emergency use authorization for the prevention of death and hospitalization in individuals with high risk of disease progression and their use for those purposes continues to be recommended by public health experts. However, to our knowledge, there is not published evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials that either drug reduces the time to sustained clinical recovery for four or more days in standard risk patients infected with contemporary viral strains, and Pfizer has formally abandoned efforts related to this endpoint for paxlovid.3 If proven effective for early relief of COVID-19 symptoms in standard risk COVID-19 patients, Arakoda could fulfill a patient’s need unmet by the approved antivirals. |
3 Press release: https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-reports-additional-data-paxlovidtm-supporting.
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| • | Treatment and Post-Exposure Prevention of Tick-Borne Diseases. There are at least 47,000 cases of babesiosis (red blood cell infections caused by deer tick bites) in the United States each year. This estimate is based on the observations of Krugeler2 who reported that 476,000 cases of Lyme disease occur in U.S. states where babesiosis is endemic and Krause et. al. who reported that 10% of Lyme disease patients are co-infected with babesiosis (thus 476,000*10% = 47,600 cases of babesiosis per year).5 Furthermore, post-exposure prophylaxis following a tick-bite is a recognized indication to prevent Lyme disease, and it is likely that a drug proven to be effective for this indication for babesiosis would also be used in conjunction with Lyme prophylaxis. There may be more than 400,000 tick bites in the United States requiring medical treatment each year. This estimate is based on the observation that approximately 50,000 tick bites are treated in U.S. hospital emergency rooms each year but this calculation represents only about 12% of actual treated tick bites based on observations from comparable ex-U.S health systems.6 Arakoda has the potential to be added to the existing standard of care for treatment of babesiosis, and to be a market leading product for pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis of babesiosis. |
| • | Prevention of fungal pneumonias. There are up to ~ 91-92,000 new medical conditions each year in the United States including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (up to 6.540 cases) and large B-cell lymphoma (up to 18,000 cases) patients receiving CAR-T therapy, solid organ transplant patients (up to 42,887 cases), allogeneic (~ 9,000 cases) and autologous (~ 15,000 cases) hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients for whom the use of antifungal prophylaxis is recommended.6 Despite the availability and use of antifungal prophylaxis, the risk of some patient groups contracting fungal pneumonia exceeds the risk of contracting malaria during travel to West Africa.8 Arakoda has the potential to be added to existing standard of care regimens for the prevention of fungal pneumonias. |
5 Krause et al JAMA 1996;275:1657-16602. Emerg Infect Dis 2021;27:616-619
6 See statistics for solid organ transplants at the Organ Transplant and Procurement Network at: National data - OPTN (hrsa.gov); See statistics for hematopoietic stem cell transplant in Dsouza et al Biology of Blood and Bone Marrow Transplantation 202;26: e177-e182; See statistics for acute lymphoblastic leukemia at: Key Statistics for Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) (cancer.org); See statistics for large cell large B-cell lymphoma at; Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma - Lymphoma Research Foundation; Treatment guidelines recommending antifungal prophylaxis for these diseases can be reviewed in [i] Fishman et al Clinical Transplantation. 2019;33:e13587, [ii] Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (cancernetwork.com), [iii] Cooper et al Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2016;14:882-913 and [iv] Los Arcos et al Infection (2021) 49:215–231.
| • | Treatment of Candida infections. According to the Centers for Diseases Control (CDC), there are 50,000 cases of candidiasis (a type of fungal infection) each year in the United States and up to 1,900 clinical cases of C. auris, for which there are few available treatments, have been reported to date7 Arakoda has the potential to be a market leading therapy for treatment/prevention of C. auris, and to be added to the standard of care regimens for other Candida infections. |
Dengue and RSV, both afflictions against which 60P’s early clinical candidates (e.g., Celgosivir) show potential in non-clinical studies, are associated with at least 2.46 million cases globally according to the European CDC (dengue) 8 and about 200,000 hospitalizations (RSV) in children less than five years of age and adults greater than 65 years of age in the United States each year according to the CDC.11
More information about our products is provided in the next section, and the status of various development efforts for the above-mentioned diseases is outlined in Figure A, below.
7 https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/invasive/statistics.html.; Tracking Candida auris | Candida auris | Fungal Diseases | CDC.
Figure A
37 Emerg Infect Dis 2021;27:616-619.
38 Clin Infect Dis 2022;72:185-189.
39 Marx et. al., MMWR 2021;70:612-616.
40 Calculated based on information from the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network, National Data: https://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/data/view-data-reports/national-data/#; Heffelfinger J et al, 2009 Nonadherence to Primary Prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, PLoS One. 10.1371/journal.pone.0005002; Fishman et al 2019, Pneumocystis jiroveci in solid organ transplantation: guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice NCCN Guidelines Version 1.2020, Prevention and Treatment of Cancer-related infections.
41 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 45: 100964.
42 https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/invasive/statistics.html.
43 Dengue worldwide overview (europa.eu).
44 RSV Trends and Surveillance | CDC.
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Products
Arakoda
We entered into a cooperative research and development agreement with the United States Army in 201444 to complete development of Arakoda for prevention of malaria. With the U.S. Army, and other private sector entities as partners, we coordinated the execution of two clinical trials, development of a full manufacturing package, gap-filling non-clinical studies, compilation of a full regulatory dossier, successful defense of its program at an FDA advisory committee meeting, and submitted an NDA to the FDA in 2018. The history of that collaboration has been publicly communicated by the U.S. Army.46
The FDA and Australia’s medicinal regulatory agency, Therapeutic Goods Administration, subsequently approved Arakoda and Kodatef (brand name in Australia), respectively, for prevention of malaria in travelers in 2018. Prescribing information and guidance for patients can be found at www.arakoda.com. The features and benefits of tafenoquine for malaria prophylaxis (marketed as ARAKODA in the United States), some of which have been noted by third party experts, include: convenient once weekly dosing following a three day load; the absence of reports of drug resistance during malaria prophylaxis; activity against liver and blood stages of malaria as well as both the major malaria species (Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum); absence of any black-box safety warnings; good tolerability including in women and individuals with prior psychiatric medical history, and a comparable adverse event rate to placebo with up to 12 months continuous dosing.8 Tafenoquine entered the commercial supply chains in the U.S. (as Arakoda) and Australia (as Kodatef) in the third quarter of 2019.
The only limitation of Arakoda is the requirement that a G6PD test be administered to a prospective patient prior to administration of Arakoda in order to prevent the potential occurrence of hemolytic anemia in individuals with G6PD deficiency.48 The G6PD test must be administered to a prospective patient prior to administration of Arakoda in order to prevent the potential occurrence of hemolytic anemia in individuals with G6PD deficiency.49 Because G6PD is one of the most common enzyme deficiencies and is implicated in hemolysis following administration/ingestion of a variety of oxidant drugs/food, and must also be ruled out as a possible cause when diagnosing neonatal jaundice, G6PD testing is widely available in the United States through commercial pathology service providers (e.g., Labcorp, Quest Diagnostics, etc). Although these tests have a turn-around time of up to 72 hours, the test needs only to be administered once. Thus, existing U.S. testing infrastructure is sufficient to support the FDA-approved use of the product (malaria prevention) by members of the armed forces (who automatically have a G6PD test when they enlist), civilian travelers with a long planning horizon or repeat travelers.
8 Tan and Hwang Journal of Travel Medicine, 2018, 1–2; Baird Journal of Travel Medicine 2018:, 1–13; Schlagenhauf et al Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2022; 46:102268; See Arakoda prescribing information at www.arakoda.com; McCarthy et al CID 2019:69:480-486; Dow et al. Malar J (2015) 14:473; Dow et al. Malaria Journal 2014, 13:49; Novitt-Moreno et al Travel Med Infect Dis 2022 Jan-Feb;45:102211.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, since commercial opportunities for us were limited, an exploratory research and development campaign was embarked upon to identify new indications for Arakoda. In the second quarter and third quarter of 2020, we commissioned cell culture studies that showed that tafenoquine, the active ingredient in Arakoda, inhibited replication of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19).50 Then, we commissioned computer simulations, which showed that the predicted concentration of tafenoquine in the lungs of COVID-19 patients following administration of the first four doses of the approved antimalarial prophylactic regimen of Arakoda exceeded those inhibiting the virus in cell culture. This provided the rationale for seeking approval from the FDA to conduct a Phase II clinical trial in patients with the COVID-19 disease, for which the FDA granted clearance to proceed in October 2020.
In 2021, with financial support from the US Army51, we conducted a Phase II clinical investigation of the safety and efficacy of Arakoda in outpatients with mild-moderate COVID-19 disease (assumed to be mostly caused by the delta variant of SARS-COV-2). In summary, safety and efficacy of tafenoquine administered at the approved dose for malaria prevention (200 mg dose once per day on days 1, 2, 3, and 10) was evaluated over a 28-day period in mild-moderate COVID-19 patients. The primary endpoint was day 14 clinical recovery from COVID-19 symptoms, defined as cough mild or absent, respiratory rate < 24 bpm, and no shortness of breath or fever. From March 2021 through September 2021, this study enrolled 87 of an originally planned 275 patients. In October 2021, a data safety monitoring board, after conducting a futility analysis for the primary endpoint and reviewing adverse event data, recommended that the study be continued as planned. However, at the time of the unblinding of this study, topline results from Phase III studies for three oral COVID-19 therapeutics in at risk patients with mild-moderate COVID-19 disease had been announced: Fluvoxamine, molnupiravir, and paxlovid reduced the risk of hospitalization by approximately 30%, 50% (in the first public announcement) and 90%, respectively.52 As reported in our publication53, an informal survey of potential funding/commercialization partners for a follow-on program suggested it would be important to know the magnitude of possible benefit prior to initiating such an effort. Primarily for the above reasons, the study was terminated and unblinded early.
The results of the study were accepted for peer-reviewed publication in May 2022.54 For the primary endpoint, the proportion of patients not recovered on Day 14 was numerically decreased by 27% in the intent to treat population (8/45 v 10/42 not recovered in the tafenoquine and placebo arms, P = 0.60) and 47% in the per protocol population (5/42 v 9/41, P = 0.25). Amongst individuals who recorded responses in an electronic diary at Day 28, all tafenoquine patients were recovered, whereas up to 12% of placebo patients exhibited lingering shortness of breath. Analysis of secondary/exploratory endpoints suggested Arakoda reduced time to clinical recovery from shortness of breath, cough and fever (P < 0.02) and numerically improved aggregate symptom scores five days after treatment (P < 0.1).55 The risk of COVID-19-related hospitalization was numerically reduced in the Arakoda arm (by approximately 50%; two instances for placebo versus one for Arakoda). Mild, drug related adverse events occurred in 8.4% of individuals in the tafenoquine arm (v 2.4% in the placebo). We plan to confirm that Arakoda accelerates sustained recovery from COVID-19 symptoms in our next study (described in “Prospectus Summary—Strategy” beginning on page 8).
45 In 2014, we signed a cooperative research and development agreement with the United States Army Medical and Materiel Development Activity (Agreement W81XWH-14-0313). Under this agreement, we agreed to submit a New Drug Application for tafenoquine to the FDA (as Arakoda), while the US Army agreed to finance the bulk of the necessary development activities in support of that goal.
46 Zottig et al Military Medicine 2020; 185 (S1): 687.
47 Tan and Hwang Journal of Travel Medicine, 2018, 1–2; Baird Journal of Travel Medicine 2018:, 1–13; Schlagenhauf et al Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 2022; 46:102268.
48 See prescribing information at www.arakoda.com.
49 See prescribing information at www.arakoda.com.
50 U.S. Patent application # 17/189,544, Dow et. al. bioRxiv 2020.07.12.199059; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.12.199059.
51 Financial support was obtained from Joint Program Executive Office for Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense (which may be referred to as “JPEO”) or JPEO via other transactional authority agreement #W911QY-21-9-0011.
52 Reis et al Lancet Global Health 2022;10:e42-51, Bernal et al New Eng J Med 2021; https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2116044; Pfizer Inc. Press release (November 5, 2021) – Pfizer’s novel COVID 19 oral antiviral treatment candidate reduced risk of hospitalization or death by 89% in interim analysis of Phase 2/3 EPIC-HR study. Accessible at: Pfizer’s Novel COVID-19 Oral Antiviral Treatment Candidate Reduced Risk of Hospitalization or Death by 89% in Interim Analysis of Phase 2/3 EPIC-HR Study | Pfizer.
53 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 47:100986.
54 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 47:100986.
55 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 47:100986.
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In 2022, we conducted additional analyses of laboratory endpoint data from the clinical study described above and are preparing a manuscript for publication. That analysis and the scientific literature suggest two possible modes of action for Arakoda: (i) down-regulation of cytokines (immune system inflammatory proteins) associated with severe COVID-19 and a greater risk of hospitalization or death and/or (ii) inhibition of viral entry in the lung or elsewhere in the body, perhaps through inhibition of a host enzyme called TMPRSS2 (which facilitates entry of the virus that causes COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, into human cells).
Assuming the efficacy of Arakoda is proven in our next study, some of the features of Arakoda that make it ideal for malaria prophylaxis might also make it very useful for COVID-19 related indications. Arakoda is slowly metabolized and has few important drug-drug interactions, so might make an ideal partner for standard of care oral COVID-19 therapeutics that reduce hospitalization but have no demonstrated effect on time to clinical recovery in non-hospitalized patients. Arakoda requires fewer tablets (8 in the first ten days versus 30 or 40 for paxlovid and molnupiravir) which should make compliance with medication easier for patients. This is an important consideration in the attractiveness of a regimen in standard risk patients at lower risk of hospitalization, and who may be interested in taking a COVID-19 therapeutic primarily to treat early symptoms and accelerate recovery. The potential for better compliance may also suggest suitability for outbreak control in some settings (including, for example, nursing homes).
During the pandemic, we also worked with NIH to evaluate the utility of tafenoquine as an antifungal. We, and the NIH, found that tafenoquine exhibits a broad spectrum of activity in cell culture against Candida and other yeast strains via a different mode of action than traditional antifungals and also exhibits antifungal activity against some fungal strains at clinically relevant doses in animal models.56 Our work followed legacy studies that show tafenoquine is effective for treatment and prevention of Pneumocystis pneumonia in animal models.57 We believe that if added to the standard of care for anti-fungal and yeast infection treatments for general use, Arakoda has the potential to improve patient outcomes in terms of recovery from yeast infections, and prevention of fungal pneumonias in immunosuppressed patients. There are limited treatment options available for these indications, and tafenoquine’s novel mechanism of action might also mitigate problems of resistance. Clinical trial(s) to prove safety and efficacy, and approval by the FDA and other regulators, would be required before Arakoda could be marketed for these indications.
Tafenoquine is effective in animal models of babesiosis (tick borne red blood cell infections). In two of three recent clinical case studies, tafenoquine administered after failure of conventional antibiotics in immunosuppressed babesiosis patients resulted in cures.58 Consequently, we believe that (i) if combined with standard of care products, Arakoda has the potential to reduce the duration of treatment with antibiotic therapy in immunosuppressed patients and the time to parasite clearance in non-immunosuppressed patients and (ii) that once appropriate clinical studies have been conducted, it is likely that Arakoda would be quickly embraced for post-exposure prophylaxis of babesiosis in patients with tick bites and suspected of being co-infected with Lyme disease. Clinical trial(s) to prove safety and efficacy, and approval by FDA and other regulators, would be required before Arakoda could be marketed for these indications.
Celgosivir
Celgosivir is a host targeted glucosidase inhibitor that was developed separately by other sponsors for HIV then for hepatitis C.59 The sponsors abandoned Celgosivir after completion of Phase II clinical trials involving 700+ patients, because other antivirals in development at the time had superior activity. The National University of Singapore initiated development of Celgosivir independently for dengue fever. A clinical study, conducted in Singapore, and the results of which were accepted for publication in the peer-reviewed journal Lancet Infectious Diseases, confirmed its safety but the observed reduction in viral load was lower than what the study was powered to detect.60 Celgosivir (as with other dengue antivirals) exhibits greater capacity to cure dengue infections in animal models when administered prior to symptom onset compared to post-symptom onset. In animal models, this problem can be addressed for Celgosivir, by administering the same dose of drug split into four doses per day rather than two doses per day (as was the case in the Singaporean clinical trial).61 This observation led to the filing and approval of a patent related to dengue, which we licensed from the National University of Singapore.
Additional clinical studies would be required to prove that such a 4x daily dosing regimen would be safe and effective in dengue patients to regulators’ satisfaction. To that end, earlier in our history, we, in partnership with the National University of Singapore, and Singapore General Hospital, successfully secured a grant from the government of Singapore for a follow-on clinical trial, but were unable at that time to raise matching private sector funding. We concluded as a result that development of repositioned molecules for dengue, solely and without simultaneous development for other therapeutic use, despite substantial morbidity and mortality in tropical countries, was an effort best suited for philanthropic entities. Accordingly, during the pandemic, we undertook an effort (in partnership with NIH’s Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases program and Florida State University) to determine whether Celgosivir might be more broadly useful for respiratory diseases that have impact in both tropical and temperate countries. Preliminary data suggest Celgosivir inhibits the replication of the virus that causes COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) in cell culture, and the RSV virus in cell culture and provides benefits in animals. We have filed and/or licensed patents in relation to Celgosivir for these other viruses as we believe there is potential applications to fight respiratory diseases that might have more commercial viability than historical development of Celgosivir to combat dengue fever.
56 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 45: 100964.
57 Queener et al Journal of Infectious Diseases 1992;165:764-8).
58 Liu et al. Antimicrobial Agents Chemo 2021;65:e00204-21, Marcos et al. IDCases 2022;27:e01460; Rogers et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Jun 10:ciac473.
59 Sorbera et al, Drugs of the Future 2005; 30:545-552.
60 Low et. al., Lancet ID 2014; 14:706-715.
61 Watanabe et al, Antiviral Research 2016; 10:e19.
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Strategy
Our general strategy is to demonstrate clinical proof of concept that Arakoda, at its FDA-approved dosing regimen for malaria prevention, provides clinical benefits in non-malaria therapeutic areas. Our initial focus is on COVID-19, but additional indications have been identified for development, namely babesiosis and fungal infections, pending further data generation. Upon demonstration of clinical proof of concept, we plan to enter into/seek a strategic partnership/acquisition with a larger entity with commercialization capacity, or raise additional capital to facilitate commercialization of Arakoda, and any additional clinical studies that may be required by regulators, for both travel medicine and broad infectious disease indications. We will continue to develop our portfolio products as resources permit.
In 2023, we plan to execute a Phase IIB, randomized, placebo-controlled double blind clinical study powered (at 80%) to prove that Arakoda accelerates time to sustained clinical recovery in patients with mild-moderate disease with no risk factors. This trial will utilize the bulk of proceeds raised in this offering. Based on an analysis of unpublished data from our earlier COVID-19 clinical trial,62 we believe that Arakoda has the potential to reduce the time to sustained clinical recovery by about three days (see Figure B, below). The study will be conducted in out-patient clinics in the United States. The study will utilize the majority of the proceeds of the offering reserved for research and development activities for this purpose. As of the date of this prospectus, we have completed a clinical study synopsis. Submission of the full protocol to the ethics committees and U.S. regulators, and a posting at clinicaltrials.gov will follow this initial public offering.
Figure B
Figure B: Survival curve for sustained clinical recovery in outpatients with mild-moderate COVID-19 disease randomized to receive tafenoquine or placebo. Sustained clinical recovery was defined as the first instance of patient reported symptoms scores being < 3 for four or more days, with symptoms scores assessed according to FDA guidance63. This analysis utilized unpublished data from our earlier Phase II clinical trial64. The analysis excludes individuals hospitalized or loss to follow-up and with a symptom score on the days of dosing < 3. This analysis represents a post-hoc analysis of our Phase II clinical trial data. If this were a formal, pre-conceived primary study endpoint, the P value of 0.1209 would imply the associated difference between tafenoquine and placebo has a 12.09% chance of occurring by chance.
In parallel with the planned clinical study, we plan to conduct additional non-clinical studies to clarify the process by which tafenoquine alters the course of COVID-19 illness. Specifically, such studies will attempt to determine whether tafenoquine acts as an immunomodulator (by decreasing the production of immune system molecules that cause inflammation) and/or exhibits and antiviral effect via inhibition of the host protease TMPRSS2. Antivirals are generally utilized earlier, and immunomodulators later, in treating patients infected with COVID-19. However, the clinical hypothesis of our planned study will be that Arakoda accelerates clinical recovery by three days in individuals who have experienced symptoms for fewer than seven days, thereby confirming observations from our earlier clinical study (see Figure B). Since the potential clinical benefit is already known, the primary purpose of clarifying the manner in which Arakoda works is to (i) address anticipated regulatory questions and (ii) ascertain whether other indications, such as relief of COVID-19 symptoms during vaccination, treatment of long COVID-19 patients, or use during hospitalization, might be plausible.
Following completion of our planned COVID-19 clinical study, if warranted based on the data generated, we intend to request a change in prescribing information to facilitate an expansion of use of Arakoda for malaria prevention from six to twelve months (mirroring our recently published post-marketing safety study) and to include reference to the recently generated COVID-19 treatment data. Prior to doing so, we plan to discuss with the FDA additional labeling related to COVID-19 which might be acceptable, as well as other routes to regulatory approval such as emergency use authorization.
We intend to design and conduct feasibility assessments for one or more additional studies for a COVID 19-related indication different from that targeted by our clinical study in 2023. One of these additional studies if executed would be conducted in Australia, and would be a requirement to secure tax rebates for the overall COVID-19 program (see next paragraph). The value of conducting a second study, if required to secure tax credits or for regulatory approvals, would be (i) independently confirming the therapeutic modality/clinical mode of action of Arakoda (i.e. that it accelerates clinical recovery from COVID-19 symptoms and/or acts as an antiviral or disease modulator) and (ii) broadening the COVID-19 indication beyond treatment of lower risk patients (i.e. potentially increasing the volume of annual prescriptions). Thus, possible study designs could be (i) a treatment study in higher risk patients or (ii) a pre-treatment loading study in individuals known to be exposed to the virus that causes COVID-19, and/or (iii) amelioration of COVID-19 disease-like symptoms in individuals receiving mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (if it turns out Arakoda is an immunomodulator).
We plan to license ex-U.S. rights to COVID-19 indications to our Australian subsidiary, 60P Australia Pty Ltd. This will facilitate claiming the Australian government’s research tax credit for any of our COVID-19-related research activities conducted in Australia. 60P Australia has been successful in securing research tax credits for malaria and dengue-related research since 2013. In the event that conducting our planned COVID-19 study in Australia proves unfeasible (which at the time of writing we believe to be the case) and must be conducted in the U.S., we plan to apply for an overseas finding to the Australian Tax Office in Q1 2023 to request an overseas finding for the U.S. study. Should such a finding be awarded, it would allow a tax rebate of 43.5% on research and development costs associated with the planned U.S. COVID-19 study to be claimed, but commit the Company to conduct COVID-19 research activities in Australia of a value at least as much as the cost of the planned U.S. clinical study.
We are planning several commercial initiatives for the malaria market in parallel with further clinical development activities. Three routes exist for commercialization of Arakoda for the malaria prevention market are: (i) U.S. civilian travel clinics, travel prescribing centers, and large private sector entities with employees deployed overseas (e.g., mining companies), (ii) the prospect of additional U.S. Department of Defense (“DoD”) and government agency procurement in the future (noting that as described on page 57 our existing contract with DoD has been fulfilled and has not been extended or modified) and (iii) ex U.S. sales strategy where we currently (or in the future) have exclusive distribution arrangements in overseas markets.
As of the date of this prospectus, we did not have plans to hire a U.S. sales force, but may explore possible commercial arrangements with contract sales organizations to target U.S. travel clinics for malaria prophylaxis. We will also closely monitor changes in market share in Australia where Kodatef will be actively marketed in 2023 by the local distributor, and a point of care G6PD test is approved. We intend to request that the DoD Uniform Formulary re-evaluate the formulary position of Arakoda after adjusting the current WAC pricing to reflect expected international pricing. For US government agencies such as the DoD, the product is expected to meet many of the requirements for occupational malaria prevention identified by the independent parties that have endorsed the product, but they are price sensitive. In the third quarter of 2022, we made our first sale to our European distributor, and made additional sales to our Australian distributor in the second quarter of 2022. We intend to execute a contract with a distribution partner to facilitate named-patient sales in jurisdictions outside Australia, Europe, and the United States. As resources permit, we may undertake a focused marketing campaign for Arakoda for malaria prevention in 2023, consisting of promotion at relevant conferences, email promotion to prescribers, and target print and electronic advertisements.
62 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 45: 100964.
63 FDA 2020 Guidance on Assessing COVID-19 Symptoms-14 Common COVID-19 Symptoms Severity Scale.
64 Dow and Smith, New Microbe and New Infect 2022; 45: 100964.
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It is expected that a point of care G6PD test might be required to maximize the economic potential of a COVID-19 indication for Arakoda. We do not intend to pursue independent development of such a test as there are well resourced development efforts already underway or already approved by the FDA (see “Risk Factors—Any future clinical trial for Arakoda will require screening for G6PD deficiency in order to safely administer the product. In the United States, G6PD testing can obtained through commercial pathology services which is associated with delays. The use of a third-party diagnostic provider of point of care testing may be required and we may not directly control the timing, conduct and expense of such testing” beginning on page 23). However, we will continue to monitor the progress of development and U.S. commercialization of G6PD tests. We will seek to pursue collaborative commercial partnerships with the companies involved in commercialization efforts, if such activities can be conducted through resource sharing efforts.
We plan to generate additional validation data for our portfolio products if resources permit. Specifically, we will evaluate whether Celgosivir provides therapeutic benefit in a COVID-19 animal model, and complete critical activities related to confirming GMP process feasibility.
We may elect, as resources permit, to undertake a clinical study of tafenoquine in combination with standard of care for hospitalized patients with babesiosis. We have developed such a protocol in partnership with academic collaborators and are planning to submit an IND to the FDA and pursue public and philanthropic funding to support our execution. We plan to seek public funding to support additional non-clinical studies to validate the mechanism of action of tafenoquine against Candida spp. and further assess our utility in combination with standard of care agents in cell culture and animal studies.
Most new antimalarial treatment products are developed as drug combinations to proactively combat drug resistance. Arakoda, due to its long half-life and activity against all parasite species and strains, would be ideal partner in a drug combination. In 2023, the Company will actively seek out a potential partner antimalarial drug for Arakoda, with the goal of pursuing licensure of a new drug combination. We will only enter into a partnership to develop such a drug combination, if clear legal guidance can be obtained that such a combination if developed would have a high probability of securing a priority review voucher upon FDA approval.
There are currently efforts underway, in malaria-endemic countries outside the U.S., to generate datasets supporting the use of tafenoquine for mass drug administration in asymptomatic individuals to prevent malaria transmission. We believe that such efforts are important to promote community acceptance of tafenoquine, and may eventually support World Health Organization pre-qualification of tafenoquine for malaria eradication efforts. To that end, we intend to support, on a case-by-case basis, clinical studies sponsored by others, by providing commercial Arakoda and/or Kodatef for research use (provided such product would not otherwise have been commercially salable, and the study sponsor covers shipping costs). We have previously provided tafenoquine for such efforts on a limited basis.
We have a post-marketing requirement to conduct a malaria prophylaxis study of Arakoda in pediatric and adolescent subjects. We proposed to the FDA, in late 2021, that this might not be safe to execute given that malaria prevention is administered to asymptomatic individuals and that methemoglobinemia (damage to the hemoglobin in blood that carries oxygen) occurred in 5% of patients, and exceeded a level of 10% in 3% of individuals in a study conducted by another sponsor in pediatric subjects with symptomatic vivax malaria.32 The FDA has asked us to propose an alternate design, for which we submitted a concept protocol in the fourth quarter of 2022, and plan to submit a full protocol by the end of the second quarter of 2023. We estimate the cost of conducting the study proposed by the FDA, if conducted in the manner suggested by the FDA, would be $2 million and due to the time periods required to secure protocol approvals from the FDA and ethics committees, could not be initiated any earlier than the third quarter of 2024. The funds from this offering to be expended on such a pediatric study will be limited to the minimum required to support protocol preparation and regulatory interactions with the FDA.
Competitors and Competitive Advantage
Arakoda is approved by the FDA for malaria prevention in travelers. The major (but not only) competing products are generic atovaquone-proguanil and doxycycline – these products have the benefit of being well established, not requiring a G6PD screen prior to travel (as is the case for Arakoda) and in the case of atovaquone-proguanil being generally recognized as well tolerated and safe. The major limitations of these two established products are the requirement for daily dosing including for up to 30 days post-travel in the case of doxycycline, the requirement to also take primaquine (a medication used to treat and prevent malaria) for post-exposure prophylaxis to prevent relapse from P. vivax malaria, and the potential inconvenience for many patients of complying with a daily dosing regimen during travel. Doxycycline has the added disadvantages of a higher risk of vaginitis, sunburn following sun exposure, contraction of malaria due to missed daily doses, and esophageal necrosis. Drug resistance against the individual components of the atovaquone-proguanil is prevalent in some regions of the work, and the higher doses of atovaquone-proguanil used to treat malaria, are no longer effective in some parts of Southeast Asia.
65 Velez et al 2021 - Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2022; 6: 86–95.
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Arakoda has the benefit of a convenient weekly dosing regimen following a three-day loading dose and a single day of dosing for post-exposure prophylaxis upon return from travel. It is effective against all species of malaria everywhere in the world, which simplifies prescribing decisions. It is the only FDA-approved antimalarial other than mefloquine with a safety profile demonstrated based on continuous dosing for 12 months, but unlike that product, it does not have a black-box safety warning. While G6PD testing is a potential limitation for first time travelers with short planning horizons, this is not the case for institutional occupation travel or repeat business travel, because a G6PD test need only be performed once and can be captured in electronic health records. G6PD testing is routinely available in the United States through commercial laboratory pathology services. Over time, Arakoda is expected to capture a significant share of the antimalarial prophylaxis market as a consequence of these advantages.
We are targeting additional indications for Arakoda, of which the priority is treatment of COVID-19 in ambulatory patients. The main competitor products for this indication are molnupiravir and paxlovid, which have been granted emergency use authorization, and likely full marketing authorization in the future to lower the risk of hospitalization and death, principally in high-risk patients. However, neither of these products have been shown to reduce the time to sustained clinical recovery in non-hospitalized standard risk patients. We are targeting this therapeutic niche with Arakoda, for which we will attempt to confirm clinical benefit in a clinical study in 2023.
Intellectual Property
We have global, and exclusive, rights to use patents, manufacturing information and non-clinical and clinical data licensed from the United States Army for tafenoquine for all indications except P. vivax malaria. We have submitted patent applications in the United States and elsewhere for tafenoquine for COVID-19, fungal lung infections, tick-borne diseases, and other infectious and non-infectious diseases in which induction of host cytokines/inflammation is a component of the disease process. We have licensed patents for Celgosivir for the treatment and prevention of dengue (from the National University of Singapore), COVID-19 (Florida State University) and have submitted provisional patents related to Celgosivir for RSV. We have licensed or own manufacturing methods related to Celgosivir.
Pursuant to the Knight Debt Conversion Agreement, for a period commencing on January 1, 2022 and ending upon the earlier of ten years after the closing date of this offering or the conversion or redemption in full of all of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock owned by Knight, we will pay Knight a royalty equal to 3.5% of our net sales, where “net sales” has the same meaning as in our license agreement with the U.S. Army for tafenoquine. Upon succeeding with the qualified IPO, at the end of the quarter and each quarter thereafter the royalty will be calculated and payment will be made within fifteen days.
Key Relationships & Licenses
On May 30, 2014, we entered into the Exclusive License Agreement (the “2014 NUS-SHS Agreement”) with National University of Singapore (“NUS”) and Singapore Health Services Pte Ltd (“SHS”) in which we were granted a license from NUS and SHS with respect to their share of patent rights regarding “Dosing Regimen for Use of Celgosivir as an Antiviral Therapeutic for Dengue Virus Infection” to develop, market and sell licensed products. The 2014 NUS-SHS Agreement continues in force until the expiration of the last to expire of any patents under the patent rights unless terminated earlier in accordance with the 2014 NUS-SHS Agreement. We are obligated to pay at the rate of 1.5% of gross sales.
On July 15, 2015, we entered into the Exclusive License Agreement with the U.S. Army Medical Materiel Development Activity (the “U.S. Army”), which was subsequently amended (the “U.S. Army Agreement”), in which we obtained a license to develop and commercialize the licensed technology with respect to all therapeutic applications and uses excluding radical cure of symptomatic vivax malaria. This exclusion does not impact our ability to market Arakoda for the FDA-approved use, which is the prevention of malaria utilizing the indicated dose in asymptomatic individuals traveling to malarious areas (whereas the license exclusion relates to its use to treat symptomatic vivax malaria in a patient already presenting with that disease). The term of the U.S. Army Agreement will continue until the expiration of the last to expire of the patent application or valid claim of the licensed technology, or 20 years from the start date of the U.S. Army Agreement, unless terminated earlier by the parties. We will be required to make a minimum annual royalty payment of 3% of net sales for net sales < $35 million, and 5% of net sales greater than $35 million, with US government sales excluded from the definition of net sales. In addition, we must pay a milestone fee of $75,000 once cumulative net sales from all sources exceeds $6 million, $100,000 if the company is acquired or merges, and regulatory approval milestone payments once marketing authorizations are achieved in Canada ($5,000) and Europe ($5,000). Also, we will be required to obtain the U.S. Army Medical Materiel Development Activity’s consent prior to a change of control of the Company, which consent was obtained on September 2, 2022.
On September 15, 2016, we entered into the Exclusive License Agreement (the “2016 NUS-SHS Agreement”) with National University of Singapore (“NUS”) and Singapore Health Services Pte Ltd (“SHS”) in which we were granted a license from NUS and SHS with respect to their share of patent rights regarding “Novel Dosing Regimens of Celgosivir for The Prevention of Dengue” to develop, market and sell licensed products. The 2016 NUS-SHS Agreement continues in force until the expiration of the last to expire of any patents under the patent rights unless terminated earlier in accordance with the 2016 NUS-SHS Agreement. We are obligated to pay at the rate of 1.5% of gross sales or minimum annual royalty ($5,000 in 2022 and $15,000 in 2023). In July 2022, the Company renegotiated the timing of a license fee of $85,000 Singapore Dollars, payable to the National University of Singapore, such that payment would be due at the earlier of (i) enrollment of a patient in a Phase II clinical trial involving Celgosivir, (ii) two years from the agreement date and (iii) an initial public offering.
On December 4, 2020, we entered into the Other Transaction Authority for Prototype Agreement (“OTAP Agreement”) with the Natick Contracting Division of the U.S. government in which we will, among other things, conduct activities for a Phase II clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of tafenoquine for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 disease, with the goal of delivering tafenoquine with an FDA Emergency Use Authorization (“EUA”) approved as a countermeasure against COVID-19. The total amount of the OTAP Agreement is $4,999,814. The term of the OTAP Agreement commences on December 4, 2020 and was completed in the third quarter of 2022. The U.S. government may terminate the OTAP Agreement for any or no reason by providing us with at least thirty (30) calendar days’ prior written notice. Pursuant to the OTAP Agreement, we will not offer, sell or otherwise provide the EUA or licensed version of the prototype (tafenoquine) that is FDA approved for COVID-19 or any like product to any entity at a price lower than that offered to the DoD, which applies only to products sold in the U.S., European Union and Canada related to COVID-19.
On February 15, 2021, we entered into the Inter-Institutional Agreement (the “FSURF Agreement”) with the Florida State University Research Foundation (“FSURF”) in which FUSRF granted us the right to manage the licensing of intellectual property created at FSURF. The term of the FSURF Agreement expires five years from February 15, 2021. After deduction of a 5% administrative fee by FSURF, capped at $15,000 annually, and reimbursement of patent prosecution expenses, we will receive 20% of license income and FSURF will receive 80% of license income. Payments of license income shall be paid in U.S. dollars quarterly each year.
Sales and Marketing
In 2023, we are committed to ensuring continuity of supply of Arakoda in the U.S. market for malaria prevention. As resources permit, we may undertake a limited marketing campaign for Arakoda for malaria prevention in 2023. This effort would consist of promotions at relevant conferences, email promotions to prescribers, and target print and electronic advertisements. The focus of promotional efforts would be on the proven features and benefits of Arakoda, and the recent publication demonstrating the good safety and tolerability of Arakoda for continuous weekly dosing for up to one year.66
We will be closely monitoring market share growth of Kodatef in Australia in 2023. Unlike Arakoda in the U.S., the Australian product will be actively marketed by a sales team to travel clinics, and the same distributor is also the licensor for the SD Biosensor point of care G6PD test (which is TGA approved). Comparison of Australian to U.S. civilian sales sector growth (the latter of which will be unsupported by sales staff and a marketed point of care G6PD test) over the same period will inform the design of any future commercialization plan for the malaria indication that we may wish to undertake.
Effective January 1, 2023, we will lower the Arakoda WAC price to $235 USD per 16 x 100 mg tablet box. Although international pricing is independently set by our foreign distributors, we believe that the revised U.S. pricing will be similar relative to competitor products as it is elsewhere. Following this price adjustment, we will attempt to improve the position of Arakoda in the DoD formulary through engagement of a consulting firm with appropriate contacts.
We also plan to enter into contract sales agreements with a(n) appropriate organization(s) to further (i) ex U.S. named patient use.
Manufacturing
We do not currently own or operate manufacturing facilities for the production of clinical or commercial quantities of our product candidates.
Australian Research Tax Credit and Overseas Finding Process
Under Section 27 of the Industry Research and Development Act 198667, the Australian government offers a research tax credit of 43.5% on registered research and development activities executed in Australia by eligible Australian domiciled entities. Companies are eligible to receive tax credits if they meet the following criteria: (i) are domiciled in Australia, (ii) have incurred at least $20,000 in eligible research and development expenses, (iii) have conducted at least one eligible research and development activity, (iv) beneficial owner(s) with > 40 % beneficial ownership when considered together do not have > $20 million AUD aggregated turnover on an annual basis. 60P Australia Pty Ltd meets all these criteria, and will continue to do so following this offering unless our aggregate turnover, considered together with any of our shareholders who have > 40% beneficial ownership, have > $20 million AUD in aggregate annual turnover.
Under Section 28D of the Industry Research and Development Act 198668, research and development activities conducted outside Australia are also potentially eligible if they meet the following criteria: (i) they are approved in advance, (ii) they are linked to a research and development activity conducted in Australia, (iii) cannot be conducted in Australia for various reasons and (iv) the value of activities conducted overseas is less than the value of activities conducted in Australia. These criteria would be met for the planned COVID-19 study if a population of suitable patients could not be found in Australia, and we conduct research activities linked to the COVID-19 study in Australia in the future which are greater in value than the cost of the planned COVID-19 clinical study.
Government Regulation and Product Approvals
Government authorities in the United States, at the federal, state and local level, and in other countries and jurisdictions, including the European Union, extensively regulate, among other things, the research, development, testing, manufacture, quality control, approval, packaging, storage, recordkeeping, labeling, advertising, promotion, distribution, marketing, post-approval monitoring and reporting, and import and export of pharmaceutical products. The processes for obtaining regulatory approvals in the United States and in foreign countries and jurisdictions, along with subsequent compliance with applicable statutes and regulations and other regulatory authorities, require the expenditure of substantial time and financial resources.
66 Novitt-Moreno et al. TMAID 2022; 45:102211.
67 See Industry Research and Development Act 1986 (legislation.gov.au).
68 See Australian Government R&D Tax Incentive – Overseas R&D: Information Sheet.
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Review and Approval of Drugs in the United States
In the United States, the FDA regulates, among other things, the research, development, testing, manufacturing, approval, labeling, storage, recordkeeping, advertising, promotion and marketing, distribution, post approval monitoring and reporting and import and export of drugs in the U.S. to assure the safety and effectiveness of medical products for their intended use under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (“FDCA”), and implementing regulations. The failure to comply with applicable U.S. requirements at any time during the product development process, approval process or after approval may subject an applicant and/or sponsor to a variety of administrative or judicial sanctions, including refusal by the FDA to approve pending applications, withdrawal of an approval, imposition of a clinical hold, issuance of warning letters and other types of letters, product recalls, product seizures, total or partial suspension of production or distribution, injunctions, fines, refusals of government contracts, denial of the ability to import and export certain products, restitution, disgorgement of profits, or civil or criminal investigations and penalties brought by the FDA and the Department of Justice or other governmental entities.
An applicant seeking approval to market and distribute a new drug product in the United States must typically undertake the following:
| • | completion of preclinical laboratory tests, animal studies and formulation studies in compliance with the FDA’s good laboratory practice regulations; |
| • | submission to the FDA of an IND, which must take effect before human clinical trials may begin; |
| • | approval by an independent institutional review board representing each clinical site before each clinical trial may be initiated; |
| • | performance of adequate and well-controlled human clinical trials in accordance with good clinical practices to establish the safety and efficacy of the proposed drug product for each indication; |
| • | preparation and submission to the FDA of a new drug application; |
| • | review of the product by an FDA advisory committee, where appropriate or if applicable; |
| • | satisfactory completion of one or more FDA inspections of the manufacturing facility or facilities at which the product, or components thereof, are produced to assess compliance with cGMP, requirements and to assure that the facilities, methods and controls are adequate to preserve the product’s identity, strength, quality and purity; |
| • | satisfactory completion of FDA audits of clinical trial sites to assure compliance with GCPs and the integrity of the clinical data; |
| • | payment of user fees and securing FDA approval of the NDA; and |
| • | compliance with any post-approval requirements, including Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies and post-approval studies required by the FDA. |
Preclinical Studies
Preclinical studies include laboratory evaluation of the purity and stability of the manufactured drug substance or active pharmaceutical ingredient and the formulated drug or drug product, as well as in vitro and animal studies to assess the safety and activity of the drug for initial testing in humans and to establish a rationale for therapeutic use. The conduct of preclinical studies is subject to federal regulations and requirements, including GLP regulations. The results of the preclinical tests, together with manufacturing information, analytical data, any available clinical data or literature and plans for clinical trials, among other things, are submitted to the FDA as part of an IND. Some long-term preclinical testing, such as animal tests of reproductive adverse events and carcinogenicity, may continue after the IND is submitted.
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Companies usually must complete some long-term preclinical testing, such as animal tests of reproductive adverse events and carcinogenicity, and must also develop additional information about the chemistry and physical characteristics of the investigational product and finalize a process for manufacturing the product in commercial quantities in accordance with cGMP requirements. The manufacturing process must be capable of consistently producing quality batches of the product candidate and, among other things, the manufacturer must develop methods for testing the identity, strength, quality and purity of the final product. Additionally, appropriate packaging must be selected and tested, and stability studies must be conducted to demonstrate that the product candidate does not undergo unacceptable deterioration over its shelf life.
The IND and IRB Processes
An IND is an exemption from the FDCA that allows an unapproved drug to be shipped in interstate commerce for use in an investigational clinical trial and a request for FDA authorization to administer an investigational drug to humans. Such authorization must be secured prior to interstate shipment and administration of any new drug that is not the subject of an approved NDA. In support of a request for an IND, applicants must submit a protocol for each clinical trial and any subsequent protocol amendments must be submitted to the FDA as part of the IND. In addition, the results of the preclinical tests, together with manufacturing information, analytical data, any available clinical data or literature and plans for clinical trials, among other things, are submitted to the FDA as part of an IND. The FDA requires a 30-day waiting period after the filing of each IND before clinical trials may begin. This waiting period is designed to allow the FDA to review the IND to determine whether human research subjects will be exposed to unreasonable health risks. At any time during this 30-day period, the FDA may raise concerns or questions about the conduct of the trials as outlined in the IND and impose a clinical hold. In this case, the IND sponsor and the FDA must resolve any outstanding concerns before clinical trials can begin.
Following commencement of a clinical trial under an IND, the FDA may also place a clinical hold or partial clinical hold on that trial. A clinical hold is an order issued by the FDA to the sponsor to delay a proposed clinical investigation or to suspend an ongoing investigation. A partial clinical hold is a delay or suspension of only part of the clinical work requested under the IND. For example, a specific protocol or part of a protocol is not allowed to proceed, while other protocols may do so. No more than 30 days after imposition of a clinical hold or partial clinical hold, the FDA will provide the sponsor a written explanation of the basis for the hold.
Following issuance of a clinical hold or partial clinical hold, an investigation may only resume after the FDA has notified the sponsor that the investigation may proceed. The FDA will base that determination on information provided by the sponsor correcting the deficiencies previously cited or otherwise satisfying the FDA that the investigation can proceed.
A sponsor may choose, but is not required, to conduct a foreign clinical study under an IND. When a foreign clinical study is conducted under an IND, all FDA IND requirements must be met unless waived. When the foreign clinical study is not conducted under an IND, the sponsor must ensure that the study complies with certain FDA requirements in order to use the study as support for an IND or application for marketing approval.
In addition to the IND requirements, an IRB representing each institution participating in the clinical trial must review and approve the plan for any clinical trial before it commences at that institution, and the IRB must conduct continuing review and reapprove the study at least annually. The IRB must review and approve, among other things, the study protocol and informed consent information to be provided to study subjects. An IRB must operate in compliance with FDA regulations. An IRB can suspend or terminate approval of a clinical trial at its institution, or an institution it represents, if the clinical trial is not being conducted in accordance with the IRB’s requirements or if the product candidate has been associated with unexpected serious harm to patients.
Additionally, some trials are overseen by an independent group of qualified experts organized by the trial sponsor, known as a data safety monitoring board or committee. This group provides authorization for whether or not a trial may move forward at designated check points based on access that only the group maintains to available data from the study. Suspension or termination of development during any phase of clinical trials can occur if it is determined that the participants or patients are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk. Other reasons for suspension or termination may be made by us based on evolving business objectives and/or competitive climate.
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Information about certain clinical trials must be submitted within specific timeframes to the National Institutes of Health, for public dissemination on its ClinicalTrials.gov website.
Human Clinical Studies in Support of an NDA
Clinical trials involve the administration of the investigational product to human subjects under the supervision of qualified investigators in accordance with GCP requirements, which include, among other things, the requirement that all research subjects provide their informed consent in writing before their participation in any clinical trial. Clinical trials are conducted under written study protocols detailing, among other things, the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the objectives of the study, the parameters to be used in monitoring safety and the effectiveness criteria to be evaluated.
Human clinical trials are typically conducted in the following sequential phases, which may overlap or be combined:
| • | Phase 1: The drug is initially introduced into healthy human subjects or, in certain indications such as cancer, patients with the target disease or condition and tested for safety, dosage tolerance, absorption, metabolism, distribution, excretion and, if possible, to gain an early indication of its effectiveness and to determine optimal dosage. |
| • | Phase 2: The drug is administered to a limited patient population to identify possible adverse effects and safety risks, to preliminarily evaluate the efficacy of the product for specific targeted diseases and to determine dosage tolerance and optimal dosage. |
| • | Phase 3: The drug is administered to an expanded patient population, generally at geographically dispersed clinical trial sites, in well-controlled clinical trials to generate enough data to statistically evaluate the efficacy and safety of the product for approval, to establish the overall risk-benefit profile of the product, and to provide adequate information for the labeling of the product. |
| • | Phase 4: Post-approval studies, which are conducted following initial approval, are typically conducted to gain additional experience and data from treatment of patients in the intended therapeutic indication. |
Progress reports detailing the results of the clinical trials must be submitted at least annually to the FDA and more frequently if serious adverse events occur. In addition, IND safety reports must be submitted to the FDA for any of the following: serious and unexpected suspected adverse reactions; findings from other studies or animal or in vitro testing that suggest a significant risk in humans exposed to the drug; and any clinically important increase in the case of a serious suspected adverse reaction over that listed in the protocol or investigator brochure. Phase 1, Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials may not be completed successfully within any specified period, or at all. Furthermore, the FDA or the sponsor may suspend or terminate a clinical trial at any time on various grounds, including a finding that the research subjects are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk. Similarly, an IRB can suspend or terminate approval of a clinical trial at its institution, or an institution it represents, if the clinical trial is not being conducted in accordance with the IRB’s requirements or if the drug has been associated with unexpected serious harm to patients. The FDA will typically inspect one or more clinical sites to assure compliance with GCP and the integrity of the clinical data submitted.
Concurrent with clinical trials, companies often complete additional animal studies and must also develop additional information about the chemistry and physical characteristics of the drug as well as finalize a process for manufacturing the product in commercial quantities in accordance with cGMP requirements. The manufacturing process must be capable of consistently producing quality batches of the drug candidate and, among other things, must develop methods for testing the identity, strength, quality, purity, and potency of the final drug. Additionally, appropriate packaging must be selected and tested and stability studies must be conducted to demonstrate that the drug candidate does not undergo unacceptable deterioration over its shelf life.
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Submission of an NDA to the FDA
Assuming successful completion of required clinical testing and other requirements, the results of the preclinical studies and clinical trials, together with detailed information relating to the product’s chemistry, manufacture, controls and proposed labeling, among other things, are submitted to the FDA as part of an NDA requesting approval to market the drug product for one or more indications. Under federal law, the submission of most NDAs is additionally subject to an application user fee and the sponsor of an approved NDA is also subject to annual product and establishment user fees. These fees are typically increased annually. Certain exceptions and waivers are available for some of these fees, such as an exception from the application fee for products with orphan designation and a waiver for certain small businesses, an exception from the establishment fee when the establishment does not engage in manufacturing the product during a particular fiscal year, and an exception from the product fee for a product that is the same as another product approved under an abbreviated pathway.
The FDA conducts a preliminary review of an NDA within 60 days of its receipt and strives to inform the sponsor by the 74th day after the FDA’s receipt of the submission to determine whether the application is sufficiently complete to permit substantive review. The FDA may request additional information rather than accept an NDA for filing. In this event, the application must be resubmitted with additional information. The resubmitted application is also subject to review before the FDA accepts it for filing. Once the submission is accepted for filing, the FDA begins an in-depth substantive review. The FDA has agreed to certain performance goals in the review process of NDAs. Most such applications are meant to be reviewed within ten months from the date of filing, and most applications for “priority review” products are meant to be reviewed within six months of filing. The review process may be extended by the FDA for three additional months to consider new information or clarification provided by the applicant to address an outstanding deficiency identified by the FDA following the original submission.
Before approving an NDA, the FDA typically will inspect the facility or facilities where the product is or will be manufactured. These pre-approval inspections may cover all facilities associated with an NDA submission, including drug component manufacturing (such as active pharmaceutical ingredients), finished drug product manufacturing, and control testing laboratories. The FDA will not approve an application unless it determines that the manufacturing processes and facilities comply with cGMP requirements and adequate to assure consistent production of the product within required specifications. Additionally, before approving an NDA, the FDA will typically inspect one or more clinical sites to assure compliance with GCP. Under the FDA Reauthorization Act of 2017 (“FDARA”), the FDA must implement a protocol to expedite review of responses to inspection reports pertaining to certain drug applications, including applications for drugs in a shortage or drugs for which approval is dependent on remediation of conditions identified in the inspection report.
In addition, as a condition of approval, the FDA may require an applicant to develop a REMS. REMS use risk minimization strategies beyond professional labeling to ensure that the benefits of the product outweigh the potential risks. To determine whether a REMS is needed, the FDA will consider the size of the population likely to use the product, seriousness of the disease, expected benefit of the product, expected duration of treatment, seriousness of known or potential adverse events, and whether the product is a new molecular entity. REMS can include medication guides, physician communication plans for healthcare professionals, and elements to assure safe use, or ETASU. ETASU may include, but is not limited to, special training or certification for prescribing or dispensing, dispensing only under certain circumstances, special monitoring, and the use of patient registries. The FDA may require a REMS before approval or post-approval if it becomes aware of a serious risk associated with use of the product. The requirement for a REMS can materially affect the potential market and profitability of a product.
The FDA may refer an application for a novel drug to an advisory committee or explain why such referral was not made. Typically, an advisory committee is a panel of independent experts, including clinicians and other scientific experts, that reviews, evaluates and provides a recommendation as to whether the application should be approved and under what conditions. The FDA is not bound by the recommendations of an advisory committee, but it considers such recommendations carefully when making decisions.
Fast Track, Breakthrough Therapy and Priority Review Designations
The FDA is authorized to designate certain products for expedited review if they are intended to address an unmet medical need in the treatment of a serious or life-threatening disease or condition. These programs are referred to as fast-track designation, breakthrough therapy designation and priority review designation.
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Specifically, the FDA may designate a product for fast-track review if it is intended, whether alone or in combination with one or more other products, for the treatment of a serious or life-threatening disease or condition, and it demonstrates the potential to address unmet medical needs for such a disease or condition. For fast-track products, sponsors may have greater interactions with the FDA and the FDA may initiate review of sections of a fast track product’s application before the application is complete. This rolling review may be available if the FDA determines, after preliminary evaluation of clinical data submitted by the sponsor, that a fast-track product may be effective. The sponsor must also provide, and the FDA must approve, a schedule for the submission of the remaining information and the sponsor must pay applicable user fees. However, the FDA’s time period goal for reviewing a fast-track application does not begin until the last section of the application is submitted. In addition, the fast track designation may be withdrawn by the FDA if the FDA believes that the designation is no longer supported by data emerging in the clinical trial process.
Second, a product may be designated as a breakthrough therapy if it is intended, either alone or in combination with one or more other products, to treat a serious or life-threatening disease or condition and preliminary clinical evidence indicates that the product may demonstrate substantial improvement over existing therapies on one or more clinically significant endpoints, such as substantial treatment effects observed early in clinical development. The FDA may take certain actions with respect to breakthrough therapies, including holding meetings with the sponsor throughout the development process; providing timely advice to the product sponsor regarding development and approval; involving more senior staff in the review process; assigning a cross-disciplinary project lead for the review team; and taking other steps to design the clinical trials in an efficient manner.
Third, the FDA may designate a product for priority review if it is a product that treats a serious condition and, if approved, would provide a significant improvement in safety or effectiveness. The FDA determines, on a case-by-case basis, whether the proposed product represents a significant improvement when compared with other available therapies. Significant improvement may be illustrated by evidence of increased effectiveness in the treatment of a condition, elimination or substantial reduction of a treatment-limiting product reaction, documented enhancement of patient compliance that may lead to improvement in serious outcomes, and evidence of safety and effectiveness in a new subpopulation. A priority designation is intended to direct overall attention and resources to the evaluation of such applications, and to shorten the FDA’s goal for taking action on a marketing application from ten months to six months.
Tropical Disease PRVs
The Tropical Disease Priority Review Voucher (“PRV”) program was created by Congress under the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007 (“FDAAA”) in order to encourage innovation and public access to new medicines. Pursuant to Section 1102 of FDAAA, which amended section 524 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (“FFDCA”), along with later amendments, the FDA must award a PRV to certain applicants that obtain an approved NDA to treat certain tropical diseases. Congress later expanded the scope of diseases that were eligible for a PRV (e.g., a PRV for obtaining approval for a drug to treat rare pediatric diseases). A PRV entitles the holder of the voucher to designate a different drug application as qualifying for priority review from FDA. When a drug application is designated for priority review through use of a priority review voucher, that application must be reviewed by FDA no later than 6 months after receipt.69 This guarantees a much more rapid review by FDA compared to the standard review time.
Tropical disease PRVs were created under the FDAAA to encourage pharmaceutical companies to develop treatments for specific neglected tropical diseases. As defined by the statute, tropical diseases refer to certain “infectious disease[s] for which there is no significant market in developed nations and that disproportionately affects poor and marginalized populations.”70 Because tropical diseases occur rarely in the United States, obtaining approval from the FDA for treating these diseases would normally be unprofitable for pharmaceutical companies due to the limited domestic market and the scope and significant financial costs of the post-marketing requirements imposed by FDA. Congress intended to incentivize companies to turn their attentions to tropical diseases by providing a PRV to those companies that obtained approval from FDA for a tropical disease drug product, and the granted PRV could then be sold to another company for money.
A PRV is an extremely valuable property interest. For example, Rhythm Pharmaceutical, Inc. announced in 2021 that it had sold a PRV for $100,000,000.71
Accelerated Approval Pathway
The FDA may grant accelerated approval to a drug for a serious or life-threatening condition that provides meaningful therapeutic advantage to patients over existing treatments based upon a determination that the drug has an effect on a surrogate endpoint that is reasonably likely to predict clinical benefit. The FDA may also grant accelerated approval for such a condition when the product has an effect on an intermediate clinical endpoint that can be measured earlier than an effect on irreversible morbidity or mortality (“IMM”), and that is reasonably likely to predict an effect on IMM or other clinical benefit, taking into account the severity, rarity or prevalence of the condition and the availability or lack of alternative treatments. Drugs granted accelerated approval must meet the same statutory standards for safety and effectiveness as those granted traditional approval.
For the purposes of accelerated approval, a surrogate endpoint is a marker, such as a laboratory measurement, radiographic image, physical sign or other measure that is thought to predict clinical benefit, but is not itself a measure of clinical benefit. Surrogate endpoints can often be measured more easily or more rapidly than clinical endpoints. An intermediate clinical endpoint is a measurement of a therapeutic effect that is considered reasonably likely to predict the clinical benefit of a drug, such as an effect on IMM. There is limited experience with accelerated approvals by the FDA based on intermediate clinical endpoints. However, the FDA has indicated that such endpoints generally may support accelerated approval where the therapeutic effect measured by the endpoint is not itself a clinical benefit and basis for traditional approval, if there is a basis for concluding that the therapeutic effect is reasonably likely to predict the ultimate clinical benefit of a drug.
The accelerated approval pathway is most often used in settings in which the course of a disease is long, and an extended period of time is required to measure the intended clinical benefit of a drug, even if the effect on the surrogate or intermediate clinical endpoint occurs rapidly. Thus, accelerated approval has been used extensively in the development and approval of drugs for treatment of a variety of cancers in which the goal of therapy is generally to improve survival or decrease morbidity and the duration of the typical disease course requires lengthy and sometimes large trials to demonstrate a clinical or survival benefit.
69 21 U.S.C. § 360n(a)(1).
70 21 U.S.C. § 360n(a)(3).
71 Ben Adams, Newly acquired Alexion pays $100M for Rhythm's speedy review voucher, Fierce Biotech (Jan 6, 2021, 10:23 AM), available at https://www.fiercebiotech.com/biotech/newly-acquired-alexion-pays-100m-for-rhythm-s-speedy-review-voucher.
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The accelerated approval pathway is usually contingent on a sponsor’s agreement to conduct, in a diligent manner, additional post-approval confirmatory studies to verify and describe the drug’s clinical benefit. As a result, a drug candidate approved on this basis is subject to rigorous post-marketing compliance requirements, including the completion of Phase 4 or post-approval clinical trials to confirm the effect on the clinical endpoint. Failure to conduct required post-approval studies, or confirm a clinical benefit during post-marketing studies, would allow the FDA to withdraw the drug from the market on an expedited basis. All promotional materials for drug candidates approved under accelerated regulations are subject to prior review by the FDA.
The FDA’s Decision on an NDA
On the basis of the FDA’s evaluation of the NDA and accompanying information, including the results of the inspection of the manufacturing facilities, the FDA may issue an approval letter or a complete response letter. An approval letter authorizes commercial marketing of the product with specific prescribing information for specific indications. A complete response letter generally outlines the deficiencies in the submission and may require substantial additional testing or information in order for the FDA to reconsider the application. If and when those deficiencies have been addressed to the FDA’s satisfaction in a resubmission of the NDA, the FDA will issue an approval letter. The FDA has committed to reviewing such resubmissions in two or six months depending on the type of information included. Even with submission of this additional information, the FDA ultimately may decide that the application does not satisfy the regulatory criteria for approval.
If the FDA approves a product, it may limit the approved indications for use for the product, require that contraindications, warnings or precautions be included in the product labeling, require that post-approval studies, including Phase 4 clinical trials, be conducted to further assess the drug’s safety after approval, require testing and surveillance programs to monitor the product after commercialization, or impose other conditions, including distribution restrictions or other risk management mechanisms, including REMS, which can materially affect the potential market and profitability of the product. The FDA may prevent or limit further marketing of a product based on the results of post-market studies or surveillance programs. After approval, many types of changes to the approved product, such as adding new indications, manufacturing changes and additional labeling claims, are subject to further testing requirements and FDA review and approval.
Post-Approval Requirements
Drugs manufactured or distributed pursuant to FDA approvals are subject to pervasive and continuing regulation by the FDA, including, among other things, requirements relating to recordkeeping, periodic reporting, product sampling and distribution, advertising and promotion and reporting of adverse experiences with the product. After approval, most changes to the approved product, such as adding new indications or other labeling claims, are subject to prior FDA review and approval. There also are continuing, annual user fee requirements for any marketed products and the establishments at which such products are manufactured, as well as new application fees for supplemental applications with clinical data.
In addition, drug manufacturers and other entities involved in the manufacture and distribution of approved drugs are required to register their establishments with the FDA and state agencies, and are subject to periodic unannounced inspections by the FDA and these state agencies for compliance with cGMP requirements. Changes to the manufacturing process are strictly regulated and often require prior FDA approval before being implemented. FDA regulations also require investigation and correction of any deviations from cGMP and impose reporting and documentation requirements upon the sponsor and any third-party manufacturers that the sponsor may decide to use. Accordingly, manufacturers must continue to expend time, money, and effort in the area of production and quality control to maintain cGMP compliance.
Once an approval is granted, the FDA may withdraw the approval if compliance with regulatory requirements and standards is not maintained or if problems occur after the product reaches the market. Later discovery of previously unknown problems with a product, including adverse events of unanticipated severity or frequency, or with manufacturing processes, or failure to comply with regulatory requirements, may result in revisions to the approved labeling to add new safety information; imposition of post-market studies or clinical trials to assess new safety risks; or imposition of distribution or other restrictions under a REMS program. Other potential consequences include, among other things:
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| • | restrictions on the marketing or manufacturing of the product, complete withdrawal of the product from the market or product recalls; |
| • | fines, warning letters or holds on post-approval clinical trials; |
| • | refusal of the FDA to approve pending NDAs or supplements to approved NDAs, or suspension or revocation of product license approvals; |
| • | product seizure or detention, or refusal to permit the import or export of products; or |
| • | injunctions or the imposition of civil or criminal penalties. |
The FDA strictly regulates the marketing, labeling, advertising and promotion of prescription drug products placed on the market. This regulation includes, among other things, standards and regulations for direct-to-consumer advertising, communications regarding unapproved uses, industry-sponsored scientific and educational activities, and promotional activities involving the Internet and social media. Promotional claims about a drug’s safety or effectiveness are prohibited before the drug is approved. After approval, a drug product generally may not be promoted for uses that are not approved by the FDA, as reflected in the product’s prescribing information. In the United States, healthcare professionals are generally permitted to prescribe drugs for such uses not described in the drug’s labeling, known as off-label uses, because the FDA does not regulate the practice of medicine. However, the FDA’s regulations impose rigorous restrictions on manufacturers’ communications, prohibiting the promotion of off-label uses. It may be permissible, under very specific, narrow conditions, for a manufacturer to engage in nonpromotional, non-misleading communication regarding off-label information, such as distributing scientific or medical journal information. If a company is found to have promoted off-label uses, it may become subject to adverse public relations and administrative and judicial enforcement by the FDA, the Department of Justice, or the Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services, as well as state authorities. This could subject a company to a range of penalties that could have a significant commercial impact, including civil and criminal fines and agreements that materially restrict the manner in which a company promotes or distributes drug products. The federal government has levied large civil and criminal fines against companies for alleged improper promotion, and has also requested that companies enter into consent decrees or permanent injunctions under which specified promotional conduct is changed or curtailed.
In addition, the distribution of prescription pharmaceutical products is subject to the Prescription Drug Marketing Act (“PDMA”), and its implementation regulations, as well as the Drug Supply Chain Security Act (“DSCSA”), which regulates the distribution of and tracing of prescription drugs and prescription drug samples at the federal level, and sets minimum standards for the regulation of drug distributors by the states. The PDMA, its implementing regulations and state laws limit the distribution of prescription pharmaceutical product samples, and the DSCSA imposes requirements to ensure accountability in distribution and to identify and remove counterfeit and other illegitimate products from the market.
Abbreviated New Drug Applications for Generic Drugs
In 1984, with passage of the Hatch-Waxman Amendments to the FDCA, Congress authorized the FDA to approve generic drugs that are the same as drugs previously approved by the FDA under the NDA provisions of the statute. To obtain approval of a generic drug, an applicant must submit an abbreviated new drug application (“ANDA”), to the agency. In support of such applications, a generic manufacturer may rely on the preclinical and clinical testing previously conducted for a drug product previously approved under an NDA, known as the reference-listed drug (“RLD”).
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Specifically, in order for an ANDA to be approved, the FDA must find that the generic version is identical to the RLD with respect to the active ingredients, the route of administration, the dosage form, and the strength of the drug. At the same time, the FDA must also determine that the generic drug is “bioequivalent” to the innovator drug. Under the statute, a generic drug is bioequivalent to a RLD if “the rate and extent of absorption of the drug do not show a significant difference from the rate and extent of absorption of the listed drug...”
Upon approval of an ANDA, the FDA indicates whether the generic product is “therapeutically equivalent” to the RLD in its publication “Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations,” also referred to as the “Orange Book.” Physicians and pharmacists consider a therapeutic equivalent generic drug to be fully substitutable for the RLD. In addition, by operation of certain state laws and numerous health insurance programs, the FDA’s designation of therapeutic equivalence often results in substitution of the generic drug without the knowledge or consent of either the prescribing physician or patient.
Under the Hatch-Waxman Amendments, the FDA may not approve an ANDA until any applicable period of non-patent exclusivity for the RLD has expired. The FDCA provides a period of five years of non-patent data exclusivity for a new drug containing a new chemical entity. For the purposes of this provision, a new chemical entity (“NCE”), is a drug that contains no active moiety that has previously been approved by the FDA in any other NDA. An active moiety is the molecule or ion responsible for the physiological or pharmacological action of the drug substance. In cases where such NCE exclusivity has been granted, an ANDA may not be filed with the FDA until the expiration of five years unless the submission is accompanied by a Paragraph IV certification, in which case the applicant may submit its application four years following the original product approval.
The FDCA also provides for a period of three years of exclusivity if the NDA includes reports of one or more new clinical investigations, other than bioavailability or bioequivalence studies, that were conducted by or for the applicant and are essential to the approval of the application. This three-year exclusivity period often protects changes to a previously approved drug product, such as a new dosage form, route of administration, combination or indication. Three-year exclusivity would be available for a drug product that contains a previously approved active moiety, provided the statutory requirement for a new clinical investigation is satisfied. Unlike five-year NCE exclusivity, an award of three-year exclusivity does not block the FDA from accepting ANDAs seeking approval for generic versions of the drug as of the date of approval of the original drug product. The FDA typically makes decisions about awards of data exclusivity shortly before a product is approved.
Under FDARA, a priority review track will be established for certain generic drugs, requiring the FDA to review a drug application within eight months for a drug that has three or fewer approved drugs listed in the Orange Book and is no longer protected by any patent or regulatory exclusivities, or is on the FDA’s drug shortage list. The new legislation also authorizes the FDA to expedite review of “competitor generic therapies” or drugs with inadequate generic competition, including holding meetings with or providing advice to the drug sponsor prior to submission of the application.
Hatch-Waxman Patent Certification and the 30-Month Stay
Upon approval of an NDA or a supplement thereto, NDA sponsors are required to list with the FDA each patent with claims that cover the applicant’s product or an approved method of using the product. Each of the patents listed by the NDA sponsor is published in the Orange Book. When an ANDA applicant files its application with the FDA, the applicant is required to certify to the FDA concerning any patents listed for the reference product in the Orange Book, except for patents covering methods of use for which the ANDA applicant is not seeking approval. To the extent that the Section 505(b)(2) applicant is relying on studies conducted for an already approved product, the applicant is required to certify to the FDA concerning any patents listed for the approved product in the Orange Book to the same extent that an ANDA applicant would.
Specifically, the applicant must certify with respect to each patent that:
| • | the required patent information has not been filed; |
| • | the listed patent has expired; |
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| • | the listed patent has not expired, but will expire on a particular date and approval is sought after patent expiration; or |
| • | the listed patent is invalid, unenforceable or will not be infringed by the new product. |
A certification that the new product will not infringe the already approved product’s listed patents or that such patents are invalid or unenforceable is called a Paragraph IV certification. If the applicant does not challenge the listed patents or indicates that it is not seeking approval of a patented method of use, the ANDA application will not be approved until all the listed patents claiming the referenced product have expired (other than method of use patents involving indications for which the ANDA applicant is not seeking approval).
If the ANDA applicant has provided a Paragraph IV certification to the FDA, the applicant must also send notice of the Paragraph IV certification to the NDA and patent holders once the ANDA has been accepted for filing by the FDA. The NDA and patent holders may then initiate a patent infringement lawsuit in response to the notice of the Paragraph IV certification. The filing of a patent infringement lawsuit within 45 days after the receipt of a Paragraph IV certification automatically prevents the FDA from approving the ANDA until the earlier of 30 months after the receipt of the Paragraph IV notice, expiration of the patent, or a decision in the infringement case that is favorable to the ANDA applicant.
Pediatric Studies and Exclusivity
Under the Pediatric Research Equity Act of 2003, an NDA or supplement thereto must contain data that are adequate to assess the safety and effectiveness of the drug product for the claimed indications in all relevant pediatric subpopulations, and to support dosing and administration for each pediatric subpopulation for which the product is safe and effective. With enactment of the Food and Drug Safety and Innovation Act (“FDASIA”), in 2012, sponsors must also submit pediatric study plans prior to the assessment data. Those plans must contain an outline of the proposed pediatric study or studies the applicant plans to conduct, including study objectives and design, any deferral or waiver requests, and other information required by regulation. The applicant, the FDA, and the FDA’s internal review committee must then review the information submitted, consult with each other, and agree upon a final plan. The FDA or the applicant may request an amendment to the plan at any time. For drugs intended to treat a serious or life-threatening disease or condition, the FDA must, upon the request of an applicant, meet to discuss preparation of the initial pediatric study plan or to discuss deferral or waiver of pediatric assessments.
In addition, FDARA requires the FDA to meet early in the development process to discuss pediatric study plans with drug sponsors. The legislation requires the FDA to meet with drug sponsors no later than the end-of-phase 1 meeting for serious or life-threatening diseases and by no later than 90 days after the FDA’s receipt of the study plan.
The FDA may, on its own initiative or at the request of the applicant, grant deferrals for submission of some or all pediatric data until after approval of the product for use in adults, or full or partial waivers from the pediatric data requirements. Additional requirements and procedures relating to deferral requests and requests for extension of deferrals are contained in FDASIA. Unless otherwise required by regulation, the pediatric data requirements do not apply to products with orphan designation.
Pediatric exclusivity is another type of non-patent marketing exclusivity in the United States and, if granted, provides for the attachment of an additional six months of marketing protection to the term of any existing regulatory exclusivity, including the non-patent and orphan exclusivity. This six-month exclusivity may be granted if an NDA sponsor submits pediatric data that fairly responds to a written request from the FDA for such data. The data do not need to show the product to be effective in the pediatric population studied; rather, if the clinical trial is deemed to fairly respond to the FDA’s request, additional protection is granted. If reports of requested pediatric studies are submitted to and accepted by the FDA within the statutory time limits, whatever statutory or regulatory periods of exclusivity or patent protection cover the product are extended by six months. This is not a patent term extension, but it effectively extends the regulatory period during which the FDA cannot approve another application. With regard to patents, the six-month pediatric exclusivity period will not attach to any patents for which a generic (ANDA or 505(b)(2) NDA) applicant submitted a paragraph IV patent certification, unless the NDA sponsor or patent owner first obtains a court determination that the patent is valid and infringed by a proposed generic product.
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Orphan Drug Designation and Exclusivity
Under the Orphan Drug Act, the FDA may designate a drug product as an “orphan drug” if it is intended to treat a rare disease or condition (generally meaning that it affects fewer than 200,000 individuals in the United States, or more in cases in which there is no reasonable expectation that the cost of developing and making a drug product available in the United States for treatment of the disease or condition will be recovered from sales of the product). A company must request orphan product designation before submitting an NDA. If the request is granted, the FDA will disclose the identity of the therapeutic agent and its potential use. Orphan product designation does not convey any advantage in or shorten the duration of the regulatory review and approval process.
If a product with orphan status receives the first FDA approval for the disease or condition for which it has such designation or for a select indication or use within the rare disease or condition for which it was designated, the product generally will be receiving orphan product exclusivity. Orphan product exclusivity means that the FDA may not approve any other applications for the same product for the same indication for seven years, except in certain limited circumstances. Those circumstances include instances in which another sponsor’s application for the same drug product and indication is shown to be “clinically superior” to the previously approved drug. In this context, clinically superior means that the drug provides a significant therapeutic advantage over and above the already approved drug in terms of greater efficacy, greater safety or by providing a major contribution to patient care. Competitors may receive approval of different products for the indication for which the orphan product has exclusivity and may obtain approval for the same product but for a different indication. If a drug or drug product designated as an orphan product ultimately receives marketing approval for an indication broader than what was designated in its orphan product application, it may not be entitled to exclusivity.
Under FDARA, orphan exclusivity will not bar approval of another orphan drug under certain circumstances, including if a subsequent product with the same drug for the same indication is shown to be clinically superior to the approved product on the basis of greater efficacy or safety, or providing a major contribution to patient care, or if the company with orphan drug exclusivity is not able to meet market demand. The new legislation reverses prior precedent holding that the Orphan Drug Act unambiguously required the FDA to recognize orphan exclusivity regardless of a showing of clinical superiority.
Patent Term Restoration and Extension
A patent claiming a new drug product may be eligible for a limited patent term extension under the Hatch-Waxman Act, which permits a patent restoration of up to five years for patent term lost during product development and the FDA regulatory review. The restoration period granted is typically one-half the time between the effective date of an IND and the submission date of an NDA, plus the time between the submission date of an NDA and the ultimate approval date. Patent term restoration cannot be used to extend the remaining term of a patent past a total of 14 years from the product’s approval date. Only one patent applicable to an approved drug product is eligible for the extension, and the application for the extension must be submitted prior to the expiration of the patent in question. A patent that covers multiple drugs for which approval is sought can only be extended in connection with one of the approvals. The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office reviews and approves the application for any patent term extension or restoration in consultation with the FDA.
Review and Approval of Medical Devices in the United States
Medical devices in the United States are strictly regulated by the FDA. Under the FDCA, a medical device is defined as an instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, in vitro reagent, or other similar or related article, including a component part, or accessory which is, among other things: intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions, or in the cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, in man or other animals; or intended to affect the structure or any function of the body of man or other animals, and which does not achieve its primary intended purposes through chemical action within or on the body of man or other animals and which is not dependent upon being metabolized for the achievement of any of its primary intended purposes. This definition provides a clear distinction between a medical device and other FDA regulated products such as drugs. If the primary intended use of the product is achieved through chemical action or by being metabolized by the body, the product is usually a drug. If not, it is generally a medical device.
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Medical devices are classified into one of three classes on the basis of the controls deemed by the FDA to be necessary to reasonably ensure their safety and effectiveness. Class I devices have the lowest level or risk associated with them, and are subject to general controls, including labeling, premarket notification and adherence to the Quality System Regulation (“QSR”). Class II devices are subject to general controls and special controls, including performance standards. Class III devices, which have the highest level of risk associated with them, such as life sustaining, life supporting or some implantable devices, or devices that have a new intended use, or use advanced technology that is not substantially equivalent to that of a legally marketed device, are subject to most of the aforementioned requirements as well as to premarket approval.
A 510(k) must demonstrate that the proposed device is substantially equivalent to another legally marketed device, or predicate device, which did not require premarket approval. In evaluating a 510(k), the FDA will determine whether the device has the same intended use as the predicate device, and (a) has the same technological characteristics as the predicate device, or (b) has different technological characteristics, and (i) the data supporting substantial equivalence contains information, including appropriate clinical or scientific data, if deemed necessary by the FDA, that demonstrates that the device is as safe and as effective as a legally marketed device, and (ii) does not raise different questions of safety and effectiveness than the predicate device. Most 510(k)s do not require clinical data for clearance, but the FDA may request such data. The FDA seeks to review and act on a 510(k) within 90 days of submission, but it may take longer if the agency finds that it requires more information to review the 510(k). If the FDA concludes that a new device is not substantially equivalent to a predicate device, the new device will be classified in Class III and the manufacturer will be most likely required to submit a PMA to market the product.
Under the PMA application process, the applicant must demonstrate that the device is safe and effective for its intended use. This PMA approval process applies to most Class III devices, and generally requires clinical data to support the safety and effectiveness of the device, obtained in conformance with Investigational Device Exemption regulations. The FDA will approve a PMA application if it finds that there is a reasonable assurance that the device is safe and effective for its intended purpose, and that the proposed manufacturing is in compliance with the QSRs. For novel technologies, the FDA will seek input from an advisory panel of medical experts regarding the safety and effectiveness of, and their benefit-risk analysis for the device. The PMA process is generally more detailed, lengthier and more expensive than the 510(k) process, though both processes can be expensive and lengthy, and require payment of significant user fees, unless an exemption is available.
Modifications to a 510(k)-cleared medical device may require the submission of another 510(k) or a PMA if the changes could significantly affect safety or effectiveness or constitute a major change in the intended use of the device. Modifications to a 510(k)-cleared device frequently require the submission of a traditional 510(k), but modifications meeting certain conditions may be candidates for FDA review under a Special 510(k). If a device modification requires the submission of a 510(k), but the modification does not affect the intended use of the device or alter the fundamental technology of the device, then summary information that results from the design control process associated with the cleared device can serve as the basis for clearing the application. A Special 510(k) allows a manufacturer to declare conformance to design controls without providing new data. When the modification involves a change in material, the nature of the “new” material will determine whether a traditional or Special 510(k) is necessary.
Review and Approval of Drug Products in the European Union
In order to market any product outside of the United States, a company must also comply with numerous and varying regulatory requirements of other countries and jurisdictions regarding quality, safety and efficacy and governing, among other things, clinical trials, marketing authorization, commercial sales and distribution of products. Whether or not it obtains FDA approval for a product, the company would need to obtain the necessary approvals by the comparable foreign regulatory authorities before it can commence clinical trials or marketing of the product in those countries or jurisdictions. The approval process ultimately varies between countries and jurisdictions and can involve additional product testing and additional administrative review periods. The time required to obtain approval in other countries and jurisdictions might differ from and be longer than that required to obtain FDA approval. Regulatory approval in one country or jurisdiction does not ensure regulatory approval in another, but a failure or delay in obtaining regulatory approval in one country or jurisdiction may negatively impact the regulatory process in others.
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Procedures Governing Approval of Drug Products in the European Union
Pursuant to the European Clinical Trials Directive, a system for the approval of clinical trials in the European Union has been implemented through national legislation of the member states. Under this system, an applicant must obtain approval from the competent national authority of an E.U. member state in which the clinical trial is to be conducted. Furthermore, the applicant may only start a clinical trial after a competent ethics committee has issued a favorable opinion. Clinical trial application must be accompanied by an investigational medicinal product dossier with supporting information prescribed by the European Clinical Trials Directive and corresponding national laws of the member states and further detailed in applicable guidance documents.
To obtain marketing approval of a product under European Union regulatory systems, an applicant must submit a marketing authorization application (“MAA”), either under a centralized or decentralized procedure. The centralized procedure provides for the grant of a single marketing authorization by the European Commission that is valid for all E.U. member states. The centralized procedure is compulsory for specific products, including for medicines produced by certain biotechnological processes, products designated as orphan medicinal products, advanced therapy products and products with a new active substance indicated for the treatment of certain diseases. For products with a new active substance indicated for the treatment of other diseases and products that are highly innovative or for which a centralized process is in the interest of patients, the centralized procedure may be optional.
Under the centralized procedure, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (the “CHMP”), established at the European Medicines Agency (“EMA”), is responsible for conducting the initial assessment of a product. The CHMP is also responsible for several post-authorization and maintenance activities, such as the assessment of modifications or extensions to an existing marketing authorization. Under the centralized procedure in the European Union, the maximum timeframe for the evaluation of an MAA is 210 days, excluding clock stops, when additional information or written or oral explanation is to be provided by the applicant in response to questions of the CHMP. Accelerated evaluation might be granted by the CHMP in exceptional cases, when a medicinal product is of major interest from the point of view of public health and in particular from the viewpoint of therapeutic innovation. In this circumstance, the EMA ensures that the opinion of the CHMP is given within 150 days.
The decentralized procedure is available to applicants who wish to market a product in various E.U. member states where such a product has not previously received marketing approval in any E.U. member states. The decentralized procedure provides for approval by one or more other, or concerned, member states of an assessment of an application performed by one member state designated by the applicant, known as the reference member state. Under this procedure, an applicant submits an application based on identical dossiers and related materials, including a draft summary of product characteristics, and draft labeling and package leaflet, to the reference member state and concerned member states. The reference member state prepares a draft assessment report and drafts of the related materials within 210 days after receipt of a valid application. Within 90 days of receiving the reference member state’s assessment report and related materials, each concerned member state must decide whether to approve the assessment report and related materials.
If a member state cannot approve the assessment report and related materials on the grounds of potential serious risk to public health, the disputed points are subject to a dispute resolution mechanism and may eventually be referred to the European Commission, whose decision is binding on all member states.
Clinical Trial Approval
Requirements for the conduct of clinical trials in the European Union including Good Clinical Practice, are set forth in the Clinical Trials Directive 2001/20/EC and the GCP Directive 2005/28/EC. Pursuant to Directive 2001/20/EC and Directive 2005/28/EC, as amended, a system for the approval of clinical trials in the European Union has been implemented through national legislation of the E.U. member states. Under this system, approval must be obtained from the competent national authority of each E.U. member state in which a study is planned to be conducted. To this end, a clinical trial application is submitted, which must be supported by an investigational medicinal product dossier (“IMPD”), and further supporting information prescribed by Directive 2001/20/EC and Directive 2005/28/EC and other applicable guidance documents. Furthermore, a clinical trial may only be started after a competent ethics committee has issued a favorable opinion on the clinical trial application in that country.
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In April 2014, the European Union passed the new Clinical Trials Regulation, (EU) No 536/2014, which will replace the current Clinical Trials Directive 2001/20/EC. To ensure that the rules for clinical trials are identical throughout the European Union, the new E.U. clinical trials legislation was passed as a regulation that is directly applicable in all E.U. member states. All clinical trials performed in the European Union are required to be conducted in accordance with the Clinical Trials Directive 2001/20/EC until the new Clinical Trials Regulation (EU) No 536/2014 becomes applicable. According to the current plans of EMA, the new Clinical Trials Regulation will become applicable in 2019. The Clinical Trials Directive 2001/20/EC will, however, still apply three years from the date of entry into application of the Clinical Trials Regulation to (i) clinical trials applications submitted before the entry into application and (ii) clinical trials applications submitted within one year after the entry into application if the sponsor opts for old system.
The new Clinical Trials Regulation aims to simplify and streamline the approval of clinical trials in the European Union. The main characteristics of the regulation include: a streamlined application procedure via a single entry point, the E.U. portal; a single set of documents to be prepared and submitted for the application as well as simplified reporting procedures that will spare sponsors from submitting broadly identical information separately to various bodies and different member states; a harmonized procedure for the assessment of applications for clinical trials, which is divided in two parts—Part I is assessed jointly by all member states concerned. Part II is assessed separately by each member state concerned; strictly defined deadlines for the assessment of clinical trial applications; and the involvement of the ethics committees in the assessment procedure in accordance with the national law of the member state concerned but within the overall timelines defined by the Clinical Trials Regulation.
Data and Market Exclusivity in the European Union
In the European Union, new chemical entities qualify for eight years of data exclusivity upon marketing authorization and an additional two years of market exclusivity. This data exclusivity, if granted, prevents regulatory authorities in the European Union from referencing the innovator’s data to assess a generic (abbreviated) application for eight years, after which generic marketing authorization can be submitted, and the innovator’s data may be referenced, but not approved for two years. The overall ten-year period will be extended to a maximum of eleven years if, during the first eight years of those ten years, the marketing authorization holder obtains an authorization for one or more new therapeutic indications which, during the scientific evaluation prior to their authorization, are held to bring a significant clinical benefit in comparison with existing therapies. Even if a compound is considered to be a new chemical entity and the sponsor is able to gain the prescribed period of data exclusivity, another company nevertheless could also market another version of the product if such company can complete a full MAA with a complete database of pharmaceutical tests, preclinical tests and clinical trials and obtain marketing approval of its product.
In order to market any product outside of the United States, a company must also comply with numerous and varying regulatory requirements of other countries and jurisdictions regarding quality, safety and efficacy and governing, among other things, clinical trials, marketing authorization, commercial sales and distribution of drug products. Whether or not it obtains FDA approval for a product, the company would need to obtain the necessary approvals by the comparable foreign regulatory authorities before it can commence clinical trials or marketing of the product in those countries or jurisdictions. The approval process ultimately varies between countries and jurisdictions and can involve additional product testing and additional administrative review periods. The time required to obtain approval in other countries and jurisdictions might differ from and be longer than that required to obtain FDA approval. Regulatory approval in one country or jurisdiction does not ensure regulatory approval in another, but a failure or delay in obtaining regulatory approval in one country or jurisdiction may negatively impact the regulatory process in others.
Periods of Authorization and Renewals
Marketing authorization is valid for five years in principle and the marketing authorization may be renewed after five years on the basis of a re-evaluation of the risk-benefit balance by the EMA or by the competent authority of the authorizing member state. To this end, the marketing authorization holder must provide the EMA or the competent authority with a consolidated version of the file in respect of quality, safety and efficacy, including all variations introduced since the marketing authorization was granted, at least six months before the marketing authorization ceases to be valid. Once renewed, the marketing authorization is valid for an unlimited period, unless the European Commission or the competent authority decides, on justified grounds relating to pharmacovigilance, to proceed with one additional five-year renewal. Any authorization which is not followed by the actual placing of the drug on the European Union market (in case of centralized procedure) or on the market of the authorizing member state within three years after authorization ceases to be valid (the so-called sunset clause).
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Orphan Drug Designation and Exclusivity
Regulation 141/2000 provides that a drug shall be designated as an orphan drug if its sponsor can establish: that the product is intended for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of a life-threatening or chronically debilitating condition affecting not more than five in ten thousand persons in the European Community when the application is made, or that the product is intended for the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of a life-threatening, seriously debilitating or serious and chronic condition in the European Community and that without incentives it is unlikely that the marketing of the drug in the European Community would generate sufficient return to justify the necessary investment. For either of these conditions, the applicant must demonstrate that there exists no satisfactory method of diagnosis, prevention or treatment of the condition in question that has been authorized in the European Community or, if such method exists, the drug will be of significant benefit to those affected by that condition.
Regulation 847/2000 sets out criteria and procedures governing designation of orphan drugs in the European Union. Specifically, an application for designation as an orphan product can be made any time prior to the filing of an application for approval to market the product. Marketing authorization for an orphan drug leads to a ten-year period of market exclusivity. This period may, however, be reduced to six years if, at the end of the fifth year, it is established that the product no longer meets the criteria for orphan drug designation, for example because the product is sufficiently profitable not to justify market exclusivity. Market exclusivity can be revoked only in very selected cases, such as consent from the marketing authorization holder, inability to supply sufficient quantities of the product, demonstration of “clinically relevant superiority” by a similar medicinal product, or, after a review by the Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products, requested by a member state in the fifth year of the marketing exclusivity period (if the designation criteria are believed to no longer apply). Medicinal products designated as orphan drugs pursuant to Regulation 141/2000 shall be eligible for incentives made available by the European Community and by the member states to support research into, and the development and availability of, orphan drugs.
Brexit and the Regulatory Framework in the United Kingdom
On June 23, 2016, the electorate in the United Kingdom (U.K.) voted in favor of leaving the European Union (commonly referred to as “Brexit”). Thereafter, on March 29, 2017, the country formally notified the European Union of its intention to withdraw pursuant to Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty. The withdrawal of the U.K. from the European Union will take effect either on the effective date of the withdrawal agreement or, in the absence of agreement, two years after the U.K. provides a notice of withdrawal pursuant to the E.U. Treaty. Since the regulatory framework for pharmaceutical products in the U.K. covering quality, safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products, clinical trials, marketing authorization, commercial sales and distribution of pharmaceutical products is derived from European Union directives and regulations, Brexit could materially impact the future regulatory regime which applies to products and the approval of product candidates in the U.K. It remains to be seen how, if at all, Brexit will impact regulatory requirements for product candidates and products in the U.K.
Regulatory Framework in Australia
The Therapeutic Goods Administration, through the Therapeutic Goods Act 1989 and the Therapeutic Goods Regulations is responsible for the efficacy, quality, safety and timely availability of drugs and medical devices in Australia. The mission statement of the TGA is “To ensure the safety, quality and efficacy of therapeutic goods available in Australia at a standard equal to that of comparable countries, and that premarket assessment of therapeutic goods is conducted within a reasonable time.”
The drug regulation process in Australia is complex and resource intensive. It must be accountable in terms of the quality, safety and efficacy of drugs made available in Australia. This accountability includes an acceptance of a balance between safety and efficacy. The approval process is a detailed evaluation of the data supplied by the company sponsoring an application.
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A drug may first come to the attention of the TGA when an application for marketing is received or when an Australian clinical trial is being planned. For clinical trials, the sponsoring company may submit preliminary data for evaluation to the TGA or notify the TGA that the trial has been approved by an institutional ethics committee.
The drug evaluation process for new chemical entities is as follows:
Application
| • | Check to see data complies with Australian guidelines. |
| • | Invoice sponsor for 75% of evaluation fee. |
Evaluation
| • | Evaluate pharmaceutical and chemical data. |
| • | Evaluate animal pharmacology and toxicology data. |
| • | Evaluate clinical data. |
| • | Evaluation unit reviews reports (coordinates external evaluations if used), prepares a summary and makes an initial recommendation. |
| • | Pre ADEC consultation with sponsor. |
| • | Prepare approved product information and consider consumer product information. |
| • | Submit final package of summaries and recommendations to the ADEC (six meetings per year). |
Approval
| • | ADEC review and advice to the TGA. |
| • | Final decision by the TGA. |
| • | Finalize conditions of registration. |
| • | Advice to sponsor, invoice final 25% of evaluation fee. |
| • | For new chemical entity, advise drug information centers, forensic laboratories, etc. |
Registration
| • | Sponsor applies to register the product on the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods. |
| • | Supply is permitted once the applicable number is allocated. |
The drug’s chemistry, toxicology and clinical use are evaluated using data submitted by the sponsoring company. Most of the evaluations are done within the TGA, but external evaluations can be used. When all the data have been evaluated, the application is considered by the Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (“ADEC”). This committee is a group of doctors appointed by the Minister to advise on the suitability of drugs for marketing in Australia. The TGA takes into consideration the advice received from the ADEC when making a final recommendation.
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The evaluation process relates to pre-marketing activity, but the TGA is also responsible for drugs after they are marketed.
Other activities under the control of the TGA include:
| • | maintenance of the Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods for the registration and listing of products |
| • | control of drug and device exports from Australia |
| • | inspection and licensing of manufacturing premises |
| • | post marketing surveillance |
| • | adverse drug reaction monitoring |
| • | reports were received by the Adverse Drug Reactions Advisory Committee |
| • | medical device complaint reporting |
| • | drug and device recalls |
| • | laboratory testing, sample testing |
| • | complaint reporting and follow up |
| • | drug and device advertising controls |
The performance of the TGA is monitored in quarterly performance reports which are reviewed by the Industry/Government Consultative Committee. This committee has membership from the TGA, the Department of Finance, the Department of Industry, Science and Technology, and the peak industry organizations representing the manufacturers of prescription drugs, non-prescription drugs, medical devices and herbal and nutritional products.
If the TGA does not meet the statutory timelines in approving a drug, then it forgoes 25% of the evaluation fee as a penalty. The sponsor concerned can also consider the outcome as a “deemed refusal” and appeal to the Administrative Appeals Tribunal for a resolution. For variations to the registration of a drug, the TGA must raise an objection within 45 working days, otherwise the application is deemed to be approved.
Pharmaceutical Coverage, Pricing and Reimbursement
Significant uncertainty exists as to the coverage and reimbursement status of products approved by the FDA and other government authorities. Sales of products will depend, in part, on the extent to which third-party payors, including government health programs in the United States such as Medicare and Medicaid, commercial health insurers and managed care organizations, provide coverage, and establish adequate reimbursement levels for, such products. The process for determining whether a payor will provide coverage for a product may be separate from the process for setting the price or reimbursement rate that the payor will pay for the product once coverage is approved. Third-party payors are increasingly challenging the prices charged, examining the medical necessity, and reviewing the cost-effectiveness of medical products and services and imposing controls to manage costs. Third-party payors may limit coverage to specific products on an approved list, or formulary, which might not include all of the approved products for a particular indication.
In order to secure coverage and reimbursement for any product that might be approved for sale, a company may need to conduct expensive pharmacoeconomic studies in order to demonstrate the medical necessity and cost-effectiveness of the product, in addition to the costs required to obtain FDA or other comparable regulatory approvals. Nonetheless, product candidates may not be considered medically necessary or cost effective. Additionally, a payor’s decision to provide coverage for a drug product does not imply that an adequate reimbursement rate will be approved. Further, one payor’s determination to provide coverage for a drug product does not assure that other payors will also provide coverage for the drug product. Third-party reimbursement may not be sufficient to maintain price levels high enough to realize an appropriate return on investment in product development.
The containment of healthcare costs also has become a priority of federal, state and foreign governments and the prices of drugs have been a focus in this effort. Governments have shown significant interest in implementing cost-containment programs, including price controls, restrictions on reimbursement and requirements for substitution of generic products. Adoption of price controls and cost-containment measures, and adoption of more restrictive policies in jurisdictions with existing controls and measures, could further limit our net revenue and results. Coverage policies and third-party reimbursement rates may change at any time. Even if favorable coverage and reimbursement status is attained for one or more products for which a company or its collaborators receive regulatory approval, less favorable coverage policies and reimbursement rates may be implemented in the future.
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Outside the United States, ensuring adequate coverage and payment for our product candidates will face challenges. Pricing of prescription pharmaceuticals is subject to governmental control in many countries. Pricing negotiations with governmental authorities can extend well beyond the receipt of regulatory marketing approval for a product and may require us to conduct a clinical trial that compares the cost effectiveness of our product candidates or products to other available therapies. The conduct of such a clinical trial could be expensive and result in delays in our commercialization efforts.
In the European Union, pricing and reimbursement schemes vary widely from country to country. Some countries provide that drug products may be marketed only after a reimbursement price has been agreed. Some countries may require the completion of additional studies that compare the cost-effectiveness of a particular drug candidate to currently available therapies. For example, the European Union provides options for its member states to restrict the range of drug products for which their national health insurance systems provide reimbursement and to control the prices of medicinal products for human use. European Union member states may approve a specific price for a drug product or it may instead adopt a system of direct or indirect controls on the profitability of the company placing the drug product on the market. Other member states allow companies to fix their own prices for drug products, but monitor and control company profits. The downward pressure on health care costs in general, particularly prescription drugs, has become intense. As a result, increasingly high barriers are being erected to the entry of new products. In addition, in some countries, cross-border imports from low-priced markets exert competitive pressure that may reduce pricing within a country. Any country that has price controls or reimbursement limitations for drug products may not allow favorable reimbursement and pricing arrangements.
Healthcare Law and Regulation
Healthcare providers and third-party payors play a primary role in the recommendation and prescription of drug products that are granted regulatory approval. Arrangements with providers, consultants, third-party payors and customers are subject to broadly applicable fraud and abuse and other healthcare laws and regulations that may constrain our business and/or financial arrangements. Such restrictions under applicable federal and state healthcare laws and regulations, include the following:
| • | the federal Anti-Kickback Statute, which prohibits, among other things, persons and entities from knowingly and willfully soliciting, offering, receiving or providing remuneration (including any kickback, bribe or rebate), directly or indirectly, in cash or in kind, to induce or reward either the referral of an individual for, or the purchase, lease or order of, any good or service, for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under a federal healthcare program such as Medicare and Medicaid; |
| • | the federal civil and criminal false claims laws, including the civil False Claims Act, and civil monetary penalties laws, which prohibit individuals or entities from, among other things, knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, to the federal government, claims for payment that are false or fraudulent or making a false statement to avoid, decrease or conceal an obligation to pay money to the federal government; |
| • | the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, which created additional federal criminal laws that prohibit, among other things, knowingly and willingly executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme or making false statements in connection with the delivery of or payment for health care benefits, items, or services; |
| • | HIPAA, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act and its implementing regulations, which also imposes obligations, including mandatory contractual terms, with respect to safeguarding the privacy, security and transmission of individually identifiable health information on covered entities and their business associates that associates that perform certain functions or activities that involve the use or disclosure of protected health information on their behalf; |
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| • | the federal transparency requirements known as the federal Physician Payments Sunshine Act, under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care Education Reconciliation Act (collectively the “ACA”), which requires certain manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologics and medical supplies for which payment is available under Medicare, Medicaid, or the Children’s Health Insurance Program, with specific exceptions, to report annually to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (“CMS”), within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, information related to payments and other transfers of value to physicians and teaching hospitals and information regarding ownership and investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members; and |
| • | analogous state and foreign laws and regulations, such as state anti-kickback and false claims laws, which may apply to healthcare items or services that are reimbursed by non-governmental third-party payors, including private insurers. |
Some state laws require pharmaceutical companies to comply with the pharmaceutical industry’s voluntary compliance guidelines and the relevant compliance guidance promulgated by the federal government in addition to requiring drug manufacturers to report information related to payments to physicians and other health care providers or marketing expenditures. State and foreign laws also govern the privacy and security of health information in some circumstances, many of which differ from each other in significant ways and often are not preempted by HIPAA, thus complicating compliance efforts.
Healthcare Reform
A primary trend in the United States healthcare industry and elsewhere is cost containment. There have been a number of federal and state proposals during the last few years regarding the pricing of pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical products, limiting coverage and reimbursement for drugs and other medical products, government control and other changes to the healthcare system in the United States.
In March 2010, the United States Congress enacted the Affordable Care Act, which, among other things, includes changes to the coverage and payment for drug products under government health care programs. Among the provisions of the ACA of importance to our potential product candidates are:
| • | an annual, nondeductible fee on any entity that manufactures or imports specified branded prescription drugs and biologic agents, apportioned among these entities according to their market share in certain government healthcare programs; |
| • | expansion of eligibility criteria for Medicaid programs by, among other things, allowing states to offer Medicaid coverage to certain individuals with income at or below 133% of the federal poverty level, thereby potentially increasing a manufacturer’s Medicaid rebate liability; |
| • | expanded manufacturers’ rebate liability under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program by increasing the minimum rebate for both branded and generic drugs and revising the definition of “average manufacturer price,” or AMP, for calculating and reporting Medicaid drug rebates on outpatient prescription drug prices; |
| • | addressed a new methodology by which rebates owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program are calculated for drugs that are inhaled, infused, instilled, implanted or injected; |
| • | expanded the types of entities eligible for the 340B drug discount program; |
| • | established the Medicare Part D coverage gap discount program by requiring manufacturers to provide a 50% point-of-sale-discount off the negotiated price of applicable brand drugs to eligible beneficiaries during their coverage gap period as a condition for the manufacturers’ outpatient drugs to be covered under Medicare Part D; and |
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| • | a new Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to oversee, identify priorities in, and conduct comparative clinical effectiveness research, along with funding for such research. |
Other legislative changes have been proposed and adopted in the United States since the ACA was enacted. In August 2011, the Budget Control Act of 2011, among other things, created measures for spending reductions by Congress. A Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction, tasked with recommending a targeted deficit reduction of at least $1.2 trillion for the years 2013 through 2021, was unable to reach required goals, thereby triggering the legislation’s automatic reduction to several government programs. This includes aggregate reductions of Medicare payments to providers of up to 2% per fiscal year, which went into effect in April 2013 and will remain in effect through 2024 unless additional Congressional action is taken. In January 2013, President Obama signed into law the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, which, among other things, further reduced Medicare payments to several providers, including hospitals, imaging centers and cancer treatment centers, and increased the statute of limitations period for the government to recover overpayments to providers from three to five years.
Since enactment of the ACA, there have been numerous legal challenges and Congressional actions to repeal and replace provisions of the law. In May 2017, the U.S. House of Representatives passed legislation known as the American Health Care Act of 2017. Thereafter, the Senate Republicans introduced and then updated a bill to replace the ACA known as the Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017. The Senate Republicans also introduced legislation to repeal the ACA without companion legislation to replace it, and a “skinny” version of the Better Care Reconciliation Act of 2017. In addition, the Senate considered proposed healthcare reform legislation known as the Graham-Cassidy bill. None of these measures were passed by the U.S. Senate.
In January 2017, President Trump signed an Executive Order directing federal agencies with authorities and responsibilities under the ACA to waive, defer, grant exemptions from, or delay the implementation of any provision of the ACA that would impose a fiscal or regulatory burden on states, individuals, healthcare providers, health insurers, or manufacturers of pharmaceuticals or medical devices. In October 2017, the President signed a second Executive Order allowing for the use of association health plans and short-term health insurance, which may provide fewer health benefits than the plans sold through the ACA exchanges. At the same time, the Administration announced that it will discontinue the payment of cost-sharing reduction (“CSR”), payments to insurance companies until Congress approves the appropriation of funds for such CSR payments. The loss of the CSR payments is expected to increase premiums on certain policies issued by qualified health plans under the ACA.
A bipartisan bill to appropriate funds for CSR payments was introduced in the Senate, but the future of that bill is uncertain. Further, each chamber of Congress has put forth multiple bills designed to repeal or repeal and replace portions of the ACA. Although none of these measures have been enacted by Congress to date, Congress may consider other legislation to repeal and replace elements of the ACA. Congress will likely consider other legislation to replace elements of the ACA, during the next Congressional session. We will continue to evaluate the effect that the ACA and its possible repeal and replacement could have on our business.
In August 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 was signed into law and requires the federal government to negotiate prices for some high-cost drugs covered under Medicare, requires drug manufacturers to pay rebates to Medicare if they increase prices faster than inflation for drugs used by Medicare beneficiaries, and caps Medicare beneficiaries’ out-of-pocket spending under the Medicare Part D benefit. We will monitor this issue to determine the effects of this legislation on our business.
Employees
As of September 30, 2022, we have a total of two employees, both of which are full-time. We also utilize the services of two part-time contractors.
Properties
Our corporate headquarters are located at 1025 Connecticut Avenue NW Suite 1000, Washington, D.C. 20036. We do not own any physical property, plant or labs. We currently lease two offices at the above address and recognized a Right of Use Asset of $99,615 as of December 31, 2021 (none at December 31, 2020) with offsetting accumulated depreciation of $40,947. The current lease expires March 1, 2023.
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Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we may become involved in various claims and legal proceedings. We are not currently a party to any legal proceedings that, in the opinion of our management, are likely to have a material adverse effect on our business. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors.
History
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is a Delaware corporation that was incorporated on June 1, 2022. On June 1, 2022, 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a District of Columbia limited liability company (“60P LLC”), entered into the Agreement and Plan of Merger with 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc., pursuant to which 60P LLC merged into 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The value of each outstanding member’s membership interest in 60P LLC was correspondingly converted into common stock of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc., par value $0.0001 per share, with a cost-basis equal to $5.00 per share.
We also operate one subsidiary. A summary of our majority-owned subsidiary is below.
We own 88% equity in 60P Australia Pty Ltd, a Sydney-Australia based subsidiary (“60P Australia”). 60P Australia holds sub-licensing rights for several ex-U.S. territories for our product.
60P Australia previously solely owned a Singaporean subsidiary company, 60P Singapore PTE, LTD, which dissolved at our election in the second quarter of 2022.
The following are our executive officers and directors and their respective ages and positions as of September 30, 2022.
| Name | Age | Position | Director Since | |||
| Geoffrey Dow | 49 | Chief Executive Officer, President and Director | June 1, 2022 | |||
| Tyrone Miller | 48 | Treasurer | — | |||
| Bryan Smith | 57 | Chief Medical Officer | — | |||
| Charles Allen | 47 | Director Nominee | — | |||
| Cheryl Xu | 55 | Director Nominee | — | |||
| Stephen Toovey | 69 | Director Nominee | — | |||
| Paul Field | 59 | Director Nominee | — |
Executive Officers and Directors
Geoffrey Dow is our Chief Executive Officer, President, and is also our sole Director. Dr. Dow has over 20 years of product development experience in tropical diseases and has an extensive publication and patent history. His decades of hands-on experience include 13 years in key leadership and advisory roles in the antimalarial drug development program at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and at the U.S. Army Medical Materiel Development Activity. Dr. Dow co-founded 60P in 2010. Since then, he has been involved in various projects, including leading the project development team in securing FDA-regulatory approval for tafenoquine (as Arakoda) for malaria prophylaxis, securing a supply chain and access relating to Arakoda, managing post-marketing regulatory commitments, ensuring the successful prosecution of supporting patents on which Dr. Dow was an inventor, and ensuring the company adheres to GMP, quality, and pharmacovigilance requirements. Dr. Dow has also published a number of important safety reviews, clinical trials, non-clinical studies, on which he was a thought leader or contributor, which dispelled many of the myths about 8-aminoquinolines. As a scientist, experienced industry project manager and inventor, Dr. Dow’s ultimate goal is to develop and secure the regulatory approval and commercial success of products, old and new, for new indications in infectious disease. Dr. Dow received a B.Sc. (Hons) in Veterinary and Biomedical Science from Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia (“Murdoch”) in 1994, a Ph.D. in Veterinary and Biomedical Science from Murdoch in 2000 and an MBA from the University of Maryland at College Park in 2012. We believe that Mr. Dow is well qualified to serve as a Director given his product development experience in tropical diseases.
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Tyrone Miller is our Treasurer. Mr. Miller joined us in 2014 and has held a number of roles since then, including Chief Financial Officer. He worked with the founder and Chief Executive Officer of 60P and raised over $6 million in external financing. Mr. Miller also established a multinational financial reporting system and worked with consultants in designing tax and credit strategies. He also provides key strategic advice in areas of financing and business planning to 60P. In addition, he is the founder and Principal of Tax & Accounting Practice at Miller Tax & Advisory since 2011. In that role, Mr. Miller advises owners of closely held businesses on accounting, financial and tax matters and has designed accounting systems for private sector businesses. From 2002 to 2011, he was a Senior Accountant at Sachs Figurelli, LLC, where he prepared and processed corporate and individual tax returns, consulted on reengineering accounting processes for construction, restaurant and professional services businesses and managed staff in preparation and processing of payroll and personal property returns. Mr. Miller is currently a Certified Public Accountant. He received a Bachelor’s of Business Administration with a concentration in International Business from Emory University in 1996.
Bryan Smith is our Chief Medical Officer. Dr. Smith is a medical doctor with expertise in clinical pharmacology, pharmacovigilance, regulatory strategy development and translational medicine and is a retired military colonel with over 30 years of governmental research and leadership experience. He joined us in 2016 as Chief Medical Officer and works with other members of the senior management team to establish all functional areas, including complying with national and international laws and regulations and developing and overseeing research and development projects and agenda. He also is currently a Senior Medical Director, Clinical and Regulatory Affairs at Fast-Track Drugs & Biologics, LLC since 2019, where he is responsible for developing clinical development plans for therapeutic products, managing clinical and regulatory projects and designing and writing clinical trial protocols. Since 2016, Dr. Smith has been the Chief Medical Officer and member of Amivas LLC, where he establishes all functional areas required to successfully secure FDA approvals. In addition, from 2016 to 2019, he was the Principal Medical Consultant at Clinical Network Services, Inc., where he provided required medical, clinical pharmacology, regulatory, translational medicine review, oversight and consultation as requested for over 25 unique clients in a range of activities and tasks for devices, small molecules and large molecules in a range of therapeutic areas. Dr. Smith received a Bachelor of Science in General Science, with highest honors, from Oregon State University and a Doctor of Medicine from Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences.
Director Nominees
Charles Allen is one of our director nominees and since February 5, 2014 has served as the Chief Executive Officer of BTCS Inc. (“BTCS”) and the Chairman of the Board of BTCS since September 11, 2014. Mr. Allen is responsible for BTCS’ overall corporate strategy and direction. Since December 2, 2022, Mr. Allen has been a director of Innovation1 Biotech Inc. Since January 12, 2018, Mr. Allen has been the Chief Executive Officer of Global Bit Ventures Inc. (“GBV”). Since October 10, 2017, Mr. Allen has been a director of GBV. Mr. Allen has extensive experience in business strategy and structuring and executing a variety of investment banking and capital markets transactions, including financings, initial public offerings, and mergers and acquisitions. Prior to his work in the blockchain industry at BTCS, he worked domestically and internationally on projects in technology, media, natural resources, logistics, medical services, and financial services. He has served as a managing director at numerous boutique investment banks focused on advising and raising capital for small and mid-size companies. Mr. Allen received a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering from Lehigh University and a Master of Business Administration from the Mason School of Business at the College of William & Mary. The Board concludes that Mr. Allen’s background and leadership experiences in the financial industry qualify him to be nominated as a potential member of the Board.
Cheryl Xu is one of our director nominees and has served as Biogen’s Vice President, Public Policy & Government Affairs since 2020. Ms. Xu was PhRMA’s first Representative to China. Subsequently she started a consulting business in 2005, advising well-known multinational companies such as Pfizer, J&J and UnitedHealth Group on their market access and expansion strategies in China. Cheryl has provided consultations to both the U.S. and Chinese governments on pharmaceutical policies including strengthening of IP protection and monitoring system for China’s API exports. Prior to that, she was the Director of International Finance at Pharmacia based in New Jersey from 1998 to 2003. Ms. Xu received her Bachelor of Science degree in Physics from Peking University, and Master of Business Administration in Finance from Washington University in St. Louis. The Board concludes that Ms. Xu’s background and leadership experiences in the pharmaceutical industry qualify her to be nominated as a potential member of the Board.
Dr. Stephen Toovey is one of our director nominees and is an infectious and tropical disease physician. Dr. Toovey has worked in the pharmaceutical industry and academia in both developed and developing countries, and currently specializes in the research of influenza and other respiratory viruses, malaria, rabies and the neurological aspects of infectious diseases. He is currently the Chief Executive Officer of Pegasus, a medical and scientific services company and has held that position since 2008. Dr. Toovey also advises a number of pharmaceutical companies and biotech organizations on infection and immunology related matters, from translation through Phase IV, and founded numerous pharmaceutical and pharma-related companies, with the most recent being the co-founding of Ark Biosciences in 2014. Dr. Toovey served as Chief Medical Officer of Ark Biosciences from 2014 until 2020. In addition, he held a teaching and clinical post at the Royal Free and University College Medical School in London, United Kingdom, Academic Centre for Travel Medicine and Vaccines, World Health Organization Collaborating Center, appointed in 2008. He has been editor of the journal Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease since its foundation in 2003. Dr. Toovey has authored over 100 publications in peer reviewed medical journals, contributed to a number of textbooks and has presented at over 50 scientific meetings. Dr. Toovey received his PhD from the University of Ghent. The Board concludes that Dr. Toovey’s background and leadership experiences in the pharmaceutical industry and academia qualify him to be nominated as a potential member of the Board.
Paul Field is one of our director nominees. Paul has over 30 years of business development experience across a range of disease areas, and a deep network in the global biopharmaceutical industry. He is currently a corporate advisor at Imunexus since 2020, Marinova since 2018, and GARDP (Switzerland) since 2018. He was until recently the Australian representative of FIND (Switzerland) from 2018 to 2021 and a business development advisor to the drug discovery company Biocurate from 2018 to 2020. Paul was previously the life sciences specialist at Austrade from 2014 to 2018, the Australian Government’s investment promotion agency, where he facilitated foreign direct investment into Australian research in neglected tropical diseases, infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, cancer and other therapeutic areas. Paul was the founder and Executive Chairman of Bio-Link from 2005 to 2014, a privately owned biotechnology business development company. His work at Bio-Link involved the commercialization of discovery, pre-clinical and early-stage clinical programs undertaken by Australian biotech companies and medical research institutions. Paul has served on a number of Boards of Directors, and he is a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Company Directors (FAICD). The Board concludes that Mr. Field’s background and leadership experiences in the biotechnology industry qualify him to be nominated as a potential member of the Board.
Significant Employees
We are a virtually managed pharmaceutical company for which the significant employees are its officers.
Code of Ethics
Our Board plans to adopt a written code of business conduct and ethics (“Code”) that applies to our directors, officers and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. We intend to post on our website a current copy of the Code and all disclosures that are required by law in regard to any amendments to, or waivers from, any provision of the Code.
Board Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight
Our Board has responsibility for the oversight of our risk management processes and, either as a whole or through its committees, regularly discusses with management our major risk exposures, their potential impact on our business and the steps we take to manage them. The risk oversight process includes receiving regular reports from board committees and members of senior management to enable our Board to understand our risk identification, risk management, and risk mitigation strategies with respect to areas of potential material risk, including operations, finance, legal, regulatory, cybersecurity, strategic, and reputational risk.
Board of Directors
Upon the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, we expect that our Board will consist of five members. Our business and affairs are managed under the direction of our Board.
Directors serve until the next annual meeting and until their successors are elected and qualified. Officers are appointed to serve until their successors have been elected and qualified.
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Director Independence
Our Board will be composed of a majority of “independent directors” as defined under the rules of Nasdaq upon completion of this offering. We use the definition of “independence” applied by Nasdaq to make this determination. Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(a)(2) provides that an “independent director” is a person other than an officer or employee of the company or any other individual having a relationship which, in the opinion of the Board, would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director. The Nasdaq listing rules provide that a director cannot be considered independent if:
| • | the director is, or at any time during the past three (3) years was, an employee of the company; |
| • | the director or a family member of the director accepted any compensation from the company in excess of $120,000 during any period of twelve (12) consecutive months within the three (3) years preceding the independence determination (subject to certain exemptions, including, among other things, compensation for board or board committee service); |
| • | the director or a family member of the director is a partner in, controlling shareholder of, or an executive officer of an entity to which the company made, or from which the company received, payments in the current or any of the past three fiscal years that exceed 5% of the recipient’s consolidated gross revenue for that year or $200,000, whichever is greater (subject to certain exemptions); |
| • | the director or a family member of the director is employed as an executive officer of an entity where, at any time during the past three (3) years, any of the executive officers of the company served on the compensation committee of such other entity; or |
| • | the director or a family member of the director is a current partner of the company’s outside auditor, or at any time during the past three (3) years was a partner or employee of the company’s outside auditor, and who worked on the company’s audit. |
Under such definitions, our Board has undertaken a review of the independence of each director and director nominee. Based on information provided by each director and director nominee concerning his or her background, employment and affiliations, our Board has determined that Charles Allen, Stephen Toovey and Paul Field, once elected to the Board, will be independent directors of the Company. However, our common stock is not currently quoted or listed on any national exchange or interdealer quotation system with a requirement that a majority of our Board be independent and, therefore, we are not subject to any director independence requirements.
Committees of the Board of Directors
Upon the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, our Board will have three standing committees: (i) an audit committee (the “Audit Committee”); (ii) a compensation committee (the “Compensation Committee”); and (iii) a nominating and corporate governance committee (the “Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee”). Our Board has not yet adopted procedures by which stockholders may recommend nominees to the Board. The composition and responsibilities of each of the committees of our Board are described below. Members serve on these committees until their resignation or until as otherwise determined by our Board.
Audit Committee
Upon the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, we will establish the Audit Committee consisting of Charles Allen, who will be the Chairman of the Audit Committee, Stephen Toovey and Paul Field. Charles Allen qualifies as an audit committee financial expert within the meaning of Item 407(d) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act. We will also adopt an Audit Committee Charter. The Audit Committee’s duties, which are specified in our Audit Committee Charter, include, but are not limited to:
| • | reviewing and discussing with management and the independent auditor the annual audited financial statements, and recommending to the board whether the audited financial statements should be included in our annual disclosure report; |
| • | discussing with management and the independent auditor significant financial reporting issues and judgments made in connection with the preparation of our financial statements; |
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| • | discussing with management major risk assessment and risk management policies; |
| • | monitoring the independence of the independent auditor; |
| • | verifying the rotation of the lead (or coordinating) audit partner having primary responsibility for the audit and the audit partner responsible for reviewing the audit as required by law; |
| • | reviewing and approving all related-party transactions; |
| • | inquiring and discussing with management our compliance with applicable laws and regulations; |
| • | pre-approving all audit services and permitted non-audit services to be performed by our independent auditor, including the fees and terms of the services to be performed; |
| • | appointing or replacing the independent auditor; |
| • | determining the compensation and oversight of the work of the independent auditor (including resolution of disagreements between management and the independent auditor regarding financial reporting) for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or related work; |
| • | establishing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by us regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or reports which raise material issues regarding our financial statements or accounting policies; and |
| • | approving reimbursement of expenses incurred by our management team in identifying potential target businesses. |
The Audit Committee will be composed exclusively of “independent directors” who are “financially literate” as defined under the Nasdaq listing standards. The Nasdaq listing standards define “financially literate” as being able to read and understand fundamental financial statements, including a company’s balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
In addition, we intend to certify to Nasdaq that the committee has, and will continue to have, at least one member who has past employment experience in finance or accounting, requisite professional certification in accounting, or other comparable experience or background that results in the individual’s financial sophistication.
Compensation Committee
Upon the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, we will establish the Compensation Committee, which will be composed exclusively of independent directors consisting of Paul Field, who will be Chairman of the Compensation Committee, Charles Allen and Stephen Toovey. Each member of the Compensation Committee will be a non-employee director, as defined under Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act, and an outside director, as defined pursuant to Section 162(m) of the Code. We will also adopt a Compensation Committee Charter. The Compensation Committee’s duties, which are specified in our Compensation Committee Charter, include, but are not limited to:
| • | reviews, approves and determines, or makes recommendations to our Board regarding, the compensation of our executive officers; |
| • | administers our equity compensation plans; |
| • | reviews and approves, or makes recommendations to our Board, regarding incentive compensation and equity compensation plans; and |
| • | establishes and reviews general policies relating to compensation and benefits of our employees. |
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Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
Upon effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, we will establish the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, which will be composed exclusively of independent directors consisting of Stephen Toovey, who will be the Chairman of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, Charles Allen and Paul Field. We will also adopt the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee’s duties, which are specified in our Nominating and Corporate Governance Audit Committee Charter, include, but are not limited to:
| • | identifying, reviewing and evaluating candidates to serve on our Board consistent with criteria approved by our Board; |
| • | evaluating director performance on our Board and applicable committees of our Board and determining whether continued service on our Board is appropriate; |
| • | evaluating nominations by stockholders of candidates for election to our Board; and |
| • | corporate governance matters. |
Family Relationships
There are no family relationships among any of our executive officers or directors.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
Except as disclosed below, to our knowledge, none of our current directors or executive officers has, during the past ten (10) years:
| • | been convicted in a criminal proceeding or been subject to a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses); |
| • | had any bankruptcy petition filed by or against the business or property of the person, or of any partnership, corporation or business association of which he was a general partner or executive officer, either at the time of the bankruptcy filing or within two (2) years prior to that time; |
| • | been subject to any order, judgment, or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction or federal or state authority, permanently or temporarily enjoining, barring, suspending or otherwise limiting, his or her involvement in any type of business, securities, futures, commodities, investment, banking, savings and loan, or insurance activities, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activity; |
| • | been found by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the SEC or the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have violated a federal or state securities or commodities law, and the judgment has not been reversed, suspended, or vacated; |
| • | been the subject of, or a party to, any federal or state judicial or administrative order, judgment, decree, or finding, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated (not including any settlement of a civil proceeding among private litigants), relating to an alleged violation of any federal or state securities or commodities law or regulation, any law or regulation respecting financial institutions or insurance companies including, but not limited to, a temporary or permanent injunction, order of disgorgement or restitution, civil money penalty or temporary or permanent cease-and-desist order, or removal or prohibition order, or any law or regulation prohibiting mail or wire fraud or fraud in connection with any business entity; or |
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| • | been the subject of, or a party to, any sanction or order, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any self-regulatory organization (as defined in Section 3(a)(26) of the Exchange Act), any registered entity (as defined in Section 1(a)(29) of the Commodity Exchange Act), or any equivalent exchange, association, entity or organization that has disciplinary authority over its members or persons associated with a member. |
The following table illustrates the compensation paid by us to our executive officers. The disclosure is provided for the years ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020.
| Name and Principal Position | Year | Base
Salary($)(1) | Guaranteed
Payments($)(1) | Stock Award($) | Total($) | |||||||||||||
| Geoffrey Dow | 2022 | $ | 54,510 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 54,510 | |||||||||
| President and Chief Executive Officer | 2021 | - | 519,996 | - | 519,996 | |||||||||||||
| (Principal Executive Officer) | 2020 | - | 283,400 | - | 283,400 | |||||||||||||
| Tyrone Miller | 2022 | $ | 148,672 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 148,672 | |||||||||
| Treasurer | 2021 | - | 363,996 | - | 363,996 | |||||||||||||
| (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | 2020 | - | 223,872 | 223,872 | ||||||||||||||
| Bryan Smith(2) | 2022 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | |||||||||
| Chief Medical Officer | 2021 | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||
| (Outsourced) | 2020 | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||
| (1) | We periodically review, and may increase, base salaries in accordance with our normal annual compensation review for each of our named executive officers. |
| (2) | Bryan Smith’s part time services are acquired through a contractual relationship with his direct employer. |
Equity Awards
Upon the listing of the shares of our common stock, (i) Dr. Dow will be granted a five-year option to purchase a total of 15,000 shares of our common stock on the last day of each quarter in each calendar year (for a cumulative total or no more than 300,000 shares over five years) and (ii) Mr. Miller will be granted a five-year option to purchase a total of 12,000 shares of our common stock on the last day of each quarter in each calendar year (for a cumulative total or no more than 240,000 shares over five years). The per share exercise price of the option shall be equal to the per share closing price of our common stock on the date of grant and shall have a cashless exercise provision.
Employment Agreements
Dow Employment Agreement. We entered into an Employment Agreement dated as of January 12, 2023, with Geoffrey Dow (the “Dow Employment Agreement”), our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of our Board. The term of the Dow Employment Agreement began on January 12, 2023, and will continue for a period of two years, with subsequent automatic renewals unless either party thereto provides notice to terminate at least 90 days prior to the applicable renewal date. The Dow Employment Agreement provides Dr. Dow an annual base salary of $228,000, bonuses to the extent certain events occur or if applicable performance goals are met and employee benefits that are generally given to our senior executives. Upon the listing of the shares of our common stock, Dr. Dow will be granted a five-year option to purchase a total of 15,000 shares of our common stock on the last day of each quarter in each calendar year (for a cumulative total or no more than 300,000 shares over five years). The per share exercise price of the option shall be equal to the per share closing price of our common stock on the date of grant and shall have a cashless exercise provision.
We may terminate Dr. Dow’s employment for Cause, as defined in the Dow Employment Agreement, at any time upon notice to Dr. Dow setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of such Cause. We also may terminate Dr. Dow’s employment other than for Cause at any time upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to him. Dr. Dow may terminate his employment for Good Reason, as defined in the Dow Employment Agreement, at any time upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to us. In the event that Dr. Dow’s employment is terminated other than for Cause or for Good Reason, Dr. Dow will be entitled to, among other things, a continuation of his annual salary plus health insurance benefits for a period not exceeding 18 months. In addition, in the event of a Change in Control, as defined in the Dow Employment Agreement, on, or at any time during the 24 months following, the Change in Control, (i) we terminate Dr. Dow’s employment for any reason other than Cause or Disability, as defined in the Dow Employment Agreement, or (ii) Dr. Dow terminates his employment for Good Reason, Dr. Dow will be entitled to Change in Control severance.
Dr. Dow is subject to non-competition and non-solicitation during the term of his employment and for a period of 24 months after termination of his employment.
Miller Employment Agreement. We entered into an Employment Agreement dated as of January 12, 2023 with Tyrone Miller (the “Miller Employment Agreement”), our Chief Financial Officer. The term of the Miller Employment Agreement began on January 12, 2023 and will continue for a period of two years, with subsequent automatic renewals unless either party thereto provides notice to terminate at least 90 days prior to the applicable renewal date. The Miller Employment Agreement provides Mr. Miller an annual base salary of $204,000, bonuses to the extent certain events occur or if applicable performance goals are met and employee benefits that are generally given to our senior executives. Upon the listing of the shares of our common stock, Mr. Miller will be granted a five-year option to purchase a total of 12,000 shares of our common stock on the last day of each quarter in each calendar year (for a cumulative total or no more than 240,000 shares over five years). The per share exercise price of the option shall be equal to the per share closing price of our common stock on the date of grant and shall have a cashless exercise provision.
We may terminate Mr. Miller’s employment hereunder for Cause, as defined in the Miller Employment Agreement, at any time upon notice to Mr. Miller setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of such Cause. We also may terminate Mr. Miller’s employment other than for Cause at any time upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to him. Mr. Miller may terminate his employment for Good Reason, as defined in the Miller Employment Agreement, at any time upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to us. In the event that Mr. Miller’s employment is terminated other than for Cause or for Good Reason, Mr. Miller will be entitled to, among other things, a continuation of his annual salary plus health insurance benefits for a period not exceeding 18 months. In addition, in the event of a Change in Control, as defined in the Miller Employment Agreement, on, or at any time during the 24 months following, the Change in Control, (i) we terminate Mr. Miller’s employment for any reason other than Cause or Disability, as defined in the Dow Employment Agreement, or (ii) Mr. Miller terminates his employment for Good Reason, Mr. Miller will be entitled to Change in Control severance.
Mr. Miller is subject to non-competition and non-solicitation during the term of his employment and for a period of 24 months after termination of his employment.
Board Compensation
In November and December 2022, we signed agreements with four director nominees (Cheryl Xu, Paul Field, Charles Allen and Stephen Toovey) which come into effect on the date the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part becomes effective. Each director will receive cash compensation of $11,250 per quarter. In addition, the two non-audit committee chairs (Mr. Toovey and Mr. Field) will receive $1,250 per quarter and the audit committee chair (Mr. Allen) will receive an additional $2,000 per quarter. Each director will receive a one-off stock grant of [*] shares of common stock at a per share price of $[*], [*] restricted stock units valued at $[*] per unit and a non-qualified option to purchase an additional [*] shares of common stock at an exercise price of $[*].
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The following table sets forth certain information, as of January 30, 2023 with respect to the holdings of (1) each person who is the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our voting stock, (2) each of our directors, (3) each executive officer, and (4) all of our current directors and executive officers as a group.
Beneficial ownership of the voting stock is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and includes any shares of company voting stock over which a person exercises sole or shared voting or investment power, or of which a person has a right to acquire ownership at any time within 60 days of January 30, 2023. Except as otherwise indicated, we believe that the persons named in this table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of voting stock held by them. Applicable percentage ownership in the following table is based on 2,386,009 shares of common stock issued and outstanding on January 30, 2023 (excludes shares of common stock to be issued on the conversion of our convertible notes which automatically converts upon the consummation of this offering and shares of common stock to be issued prior to the closing of this offering as a success fee pursuant to the Investment Agreement), and after the offering assuming a common stock offering of shares (excluding shares which may be sold upon exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option), plus, for each individual, any securities that individual has the right to acquire within 60 days of January 30, 2023.
To the best of our knowledge, except as otherwise indicated, each of the persons named in the table has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares of our common stock beneficially owned by such person, except to the extent such power may be shared with a spouse. To our knowledge, none of the shares listed below are held under a voting trust or similar agreement, except as noted. To our knowledge, there is no arrangement, including any pledge by any person of our securities, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of the Company.
| Name
and Address of Beneficial Owner(1) | Title | Beneficially Owned | Percent
of Class Before Offering | Percent
of Class After Offering | ||||||||||
| Officers and Directors | ||||||||||||||
| Geoffrey Dow | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director | 685,360 | (2) | 28.72 | % | [*] | % | |||||||
| Tyrone Miller | Treasurer | 104,711 | 4.39 | % | [*] | % | ||||||||
| Bryan Smith | Chief Medical Officer | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Charles Allen | Director Nominee | — | — | — | ||||||||||
| Cheryl Xu | Director Nominee | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Stephen Toovey | Director Nominee | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Paul Field | Director Nominee | — | — | — | ||||||||||
| Officers and Directors as a Group (total of [7] persons) | ||||||||||||||
| 33.11 | % | [*] | % | |||||||||||
| 5% Stockholders | ||||||||||||||
| Kentucky Technology INC | 525,000 | 22.00 | % | [*] | % | |||||||||
| Florida State University Research Foundation, INC | 405,000 | 16.97 | % | |||||||||||
| Douglas Loock | 165,938 | 6.95 | % | [*] | % | |||||||||
| TREVALLY, LLC | 120,000 | 5.03 | % | [*] | % | |||||||||
* Less than 1%
| (1) | Unless otherwise indicated, the principal address of the named directors and directors and 5% stockholders of the Company is c/o 1025 Connecticut Avenue NW Suite 1000, Washington, D.C. 20036. |
| (2) | Includes 685,360 shares of common stock held by the Geoffrey S. Dow Revocable Trust (the “Dow Trust”), of which Geoffrey Dow is the trustee and has control over the voting and disposition of the shares of common stock held by the Dow Trust. |
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
On May 19, 2022, we issued the Convertible Promissory Note to Mountjoy Trust with a principal amount of $294,444 and a per annum interest rate of 6%. Upon the occurrence of our initial public offering, the balance of such note will convert immediately prior to the initial public offering at a price equal to 80% of the price per share of the common stock sold in the initial public offering. We also issued to Mountjoy Trust a Common Stock Purchase Warrant to purchase a number of shares of our common stock equal to 100% of the common stock issued to Mountjoy Trust as a result of the conversion of the note on the pricing date of our initial public offering at the exercise price equal to 110% of the initial public offering price, or if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 31, 2023, 90% of the initial public offering price. John Dow, a relative of Geoffrey Dow, our President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, is the trustee of the Mountjoy Trust.
On December 31st, 2021, the majority member, Geoffrey Dow, converted cumulative borrowings and interest into 3,942,919 member units with a par value of $1.00 and thus all debt owed to the majority member was extinguished. We issued 37,067 shares to Geoffrey Dow (at $5.00 per share) on August 28, 2022, in recognition of capital contributions of $185,335 made between January 1, 2022 and April 1, 2022. There are no other outstanding related party debt or obligations.
On January 2, 2023, and January 17, 2023, we issued a total of 100,000 shares of our common stock to our legal counsel for payment of legal fees valued at $[*].
The above summary description of related part transactions includes some of the general terms and provisions of the agreements related to such transactions. For a more detailed description of those agreements, you should refer to such agreements which are included as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part.
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
This prospectus also relates to the sale or other disposition of up to 1,912,202 shares of our common stock by the Selling Stockholders named below, and their donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest selling shares of common stock or interests in shares of common stock received after the date of this prospectus from a selling stockholder as a gift, pledge, partnership distribution or other transfer.
The table below sets forth information as of the date of this prospectus, to our knowledge, the Selling Stockholders and other information regarding the beneficial ownership (as determined under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder) of the shares of common stock held by the Selling Stockholders. The second column lists the number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the Selling Stockholders, as of 2023. The third column lists the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be sold or otherwise disposed of by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. The Selling Stockholders may sell or otherwise dispose of some, all or none of their shares. Pursuant to Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 of the Exchange Act, beneficial ownership includes any shares of our common stock as to which a stockholder has sole or shared voting power or investment power, and also any shares of our common stock which the stockholder has the right to acquire within 60 days. The percentage of beneficial ownership for the Selling Stockholders is based on shares of common stock outstanding as of the date of this prospectus. Except as described below, to our knowledge, none of the Selling Stockholders have had any material relationship with us within the past three years. Our knowledge is based on information provided by the Selling Stockholders in registration statement questionnaires.
The shares of common stock being covered hereby may be sold or otherwise disposed of from time to time during the period the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part remains effective, by or for the account of the Selling Stockholders. After the date of effectiveness, the Selling Stockholders may have sold or transferred, in transactions covered by this prospectus, some or all of their common stock.
Information about the Selling Stockholders may change over time. Any changed information will be set forth in an amendment to the registration statement or supplement to this prospectus, to the extent required by law.
Shares Beneficially Owned as of the date of | Shares Offered by this | Shares Beneficially Owned
After the | ||||||||||||||||||
| Name of Selling Stockholder | Number | Percent | Prospectus | Number | Percent | |||||||||||||||
| Geoffrey S. Dow Revocable Trust | 685,360 | % | 13,387 | 698,747 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Douglas Loock | 165,938 | % | 165,938 | 165,938 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Carmel, Milazzo & Feil LLP | 100,000 | % | 100,000 | 100,000 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. | 405,000 | % | 405,000 | 405,000 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Latham BioPharm Group, LLC | 65,000 | % | 65,000 | 65,000 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Trevally, LLC | 120,000 | % | 120,000 | 120,000 | % | |||||||||||||||
Edward Newland | 8,500 | % | 8,500 | 8,500 | % | |||||||||||||||
| 4C Pharma Solutions, LLC | 54,000 | % | 54,000 | 54,000 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Hybrid Financial | 65,000 | % | 65,000 | 65,000 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Method Health Communications LLC | 20,000 | % | 20,000 | 20,000 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Kentucky Technology Inc. | 525,000 | % | 525,000 | 525,000 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Mountjoy Trust | 0 | % | 88,688 | 88,688 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd. | 0 | % | 66,934 | 66,934 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Bigger Capital Fund, LP | 0 | % | 80,321 | 80,321 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Cavalry Investment Fund, LP. | 0 | % | 66,934 | 66,934 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Ludlow Business Services, Inc. | 37,500 | % | 37,500 | 37,500 | % | |||||||||||||||
Elliot Berman | 30,000 | % | 30,000 | 30,000 | % | |||||||||||||||
| * | Less than 1%. |
| (1) | Assumes the sale of all shares offered pursuant to this prospectus. |
Plan of Distribution
The Selling Stockholders may, from time to time, sell any or all of their shares of common stock on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed or negotiated prices. The Selling Stockholders may use any one or more of the following methods when selling shares:
| • | ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers; |
| • | block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction; |
| • | purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;
| |
| • | an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange; |
| • | privately negotiated transactions; |
| • | short sales effected after the date the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part is declared effective by the SEC;
| |
| • | broker-dealers may agree with the selling stockholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share; |
| • | a combination of any such methods of sale; and |
| • | any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law. |
Broker-dealers engaged by the Selling Stockholders may arrange for other brokers-dealers to participate in sales. Broker-dealers may receive commissions or discounts from the Selling Stockholders (or, if any broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of shares, from the purchaser) in amounts to be negotiated. The Selling Stockholders do not expect these commissions and discounts to exceed what is customary in the types of transactions involved. Any profits on the resale of shares of common stock by a broker-dealer acting as principal might be deemed to be underwriting discounts or commissions under the Securities Act. Discounts, concessions, commissions and similar selling expenses, if any, attributable to the sale of shares will be borne by a Selling Stockholder. The Selling Stockholders may agree to indemnify any agent, dealer or broker-dealer that participates in transactions involving sales of the shares if liabilities are imposed on that person under the Securities Act.
The Selling Stockholders may from time to time pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the shares of common stock owned by them and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell the shares of common stock from time to time under this prospectus after we have filed a supplement to this prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act supplementing or amending the list of Selling Stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as Selling Stockholders under this prospectus.
The Selling Stockholders also may transfer the shares of common stock in other circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus and may sell the shares of common stock from time to time under this prospectus after we have filed a supplement to this prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act supplementing or amending the list of Selling Stockholders to include the pledgee, transferee or other successors in interest as Selling Stockholders under this prospectus.
The Selling Stockholders and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the shares of common stock held by the Selling Stockholders or its transferees, pledgees or other successors in interest may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such broker-dealers or agents and any profit on the resale of the shares of common stock purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act.
We are required to pay all fees and expenses incident to the registration of the shares of common stock held by the Selling Stockholders. We have agreed to indemnify the Selling Stockholders against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
The Selling Stockholders have advised us that they have not entered into any agreements, understandings or arrangements with any underwriters or broker-dealers regarding the sale of their shares of common stock, nor is there an underwriter or coordinating broker acting in connection with a proposed sale of common stock by any Selling Stockholder. If we are notified by any Selling Stockholder that any material arrangement has been entered into with a broker-dealer for the sale of shares of his, her, or its common stock, if required, we will file a supplement to this prospectus. If the Selling Stockholders use this prospectus for any sale of their shares of common stock, they will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act.
In order to comply with the securities laws of some states, if applicable, the common stock held by the Selling Stockholders or its transferees, pledgees or other successors in interest may be sold in these jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the common stock may not be sold unless it has been registered or qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification requirements is available and is complied with.
We have advised the Selling Stockholders that the anti-manipulation rules of Regulation M under the Exchange Act may apply to sales of shares in the market and to the activities of the Selling Stockholders and their affiliates. In addition, to the extent applicable we will make copies of this prospectus (as it may be supplemented or amended from time to time) available to the Selling Stockholders for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The Selling Stockholders may indemnify any broker-dealer that participates in transactions involving the sale of the shares against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.
We have agreed with the Selling Stockholders to keep the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part effective until the earliest of (1) such time as all of the shares covered by this prospectus have been disposed of pursuant to and in accordance with the registration statement and (2) the date on which all of the shares may be sold without restriction pursuant to Rule 144 of the Securities Act.
The following description of our securities is only a summary and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the actual terms and provisions of the capital stock contained in our Certificate of Incorporation and our Bylaws.
General
We are authorized to issue one class of stock. The total number of shares of stock which we are authorized to issue is 151,000,000 shares of capital stock, 150,000,000 of which are common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 1,000,000 of which are “blank check” preferred stock. As of January 30, 2023 2,386,009 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding and held by three stockholders of record.
Common Stock
The holders of our common stock are entitled to the following rights:
Voting Rights. Each share of our common stock entitles its holder to one vote per share on all matters to be voted or consented upon by the stockholders.
Dividend Rights. Subject to limitations under Delaware law, holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends or other distributions, if any, as may be declared by our Board out of funds legally available therefor.
Liquidation Rights. In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our business, the holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in the assets available for distribution after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities.
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Other Matters. The holders of our common stock have no subscription, redemption or conversion privileges; in addition, such common stock does not entitle its holders to preemptive rights. All of the outstanding shares of our common stock are fully paid and non-assessable.
Preferred Stock
Our Certificate of Incorporation authorizes 1,000,000 shares of “blank check” preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share. Upon the consummation of this initial public offering, we will have authorized shares of Series A Preferred Stock with the following terms and rights: (i) 6% dividend, (ii) non-voting; (iii) not redeemable; and (iv) convertible into shares of common stock, solely at the Company’s discretion, at a price equal to the lower of (1) the price paid for the shares of common stock in this offering and (2) the 10-day volume weighted average share price immediately preceding our election to convert the shares of Series A Preferred Stock; provided that the conversion of the shares of Series A Preferred Stock does not result in the holder’s ownership of common stock exceeding 19.9%.
The Board may provide for the issue of any or all of the unissued and undesignated shares of the preferred stock in one or more series, and to fix the number of shares and to determine or alter for each such series, such voting powers, full or limited, or no voting powers, and such designation, preferences, and relative, participating, optional, or other rights and such qualifications, limitations, or restrictions thereof, as shall be stated and expressed in the resolution or resolutions adopted by the Board providing for the issuance of such shares and as may be permitted by law, without stockholder approval. Our Board is able to determine, with respect to any series of preferred stock, the terms and rights of that series, including:
| • | the designation of the series; |
| • | the number of shares of the series; |
| • | whether dividends, if any, will be cumulative or non-cumulative and the dividend rate, if any, of the series; |
| • | the dates at which dividends, if any, will be payable; |
| • | the redemption rights and price or prices, if any, for shares of the series; |
| • | the terms and amounts of any sinking fund provided for the purchase or redemption of shares of the series; |
| • | the amounts payable on shares of the series in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the affairs of our Company; |
| • | whether the shares of the series will be convertible into shares of any other class or series, or any other security, of our Company or any other entity, and, if so, the specification of the other class or series or other security, the conversion price or prices or rate or rates and provisions for any adjustments to such prices or rates, the date or dates as of which the shares will be convertible, and all other terms and conditions upon which the conversion may be made; |
| • | the ranking of such series with respect to dividends and amounts payable on our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, which may include provisions that such series will rank senior to our common stock with respect to dividends and those distributions; |
| • | restrictions on the issuance of shares of the same series or any other class or series; or |
| • | voting rights, if any, of the holders of the series. |
The issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect, among other things, the voting power of holders of common stock and the likelihood that stockholders will receive dividend payments and payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up. The issuance of preferred stock could also have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us.
Warrants Issued in this Offering
Overview
The following summary of certain terms and provisions of the warrants offered hereby is not complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the provisions of the Warrant Agent Agreement and the form of warrant, both of which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Prospective investors should carefully review the terms and provisions set forth in the Warrant Agent Agreement, including the annexes thereto, and form of warrant.
The warrants issued in this offering entitle the registered holder to purchase one share of our common stock at an assumed exercise price of $5.9225 per share, 115% of the assumed public offering price of $5.15 per unit, the midpoint of the offering price per unit, subject to adjustment as discussed below, immediately following the issuance of such warrant and terminating at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance. We will not apply to have the warrants underlying the units listed on any exchange or market.
The exercise price and number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances, including in the event of a stock dividend or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of common stock at prices below its exercise price.
Exercisability
The warrants are exercisable at any time after their original issuance and at any time up to the date that is five years after their original issuance. The warrants may be exercised upon surrender of the warrant certificate on or prior to the expiration date at the offices of the Warrant Agent, by utilizing the exercise form on the reverse side of the warrant certificate completing and executing as indicated, accompanied by full payment of the exercise price, by certified or official bank check payable to us, for the number of warrants being exercised. Under the terms of the Warrant Agent Agreement, we must use our best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement and current prospectus relating to common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants until the expiration of the warrants. If we fail to maintain the effectiveness of the registration statement and current prospectus relating to the common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants, the holders of the warrants shall have the right to exercise the warrants solely via a cashless exercise feature provided for in the warrants, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and current prospectus relating to common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants.
Exercise Limitation
A holder may not exercise any portion of a warrant to the extent that the holder, together with its affiliates and any other person or entity acting as a group, would own more than 4.99% of the outstanding common stock after exercise, as such percentage ownership is determined in accordance with the terms of the warrant, except that upon prior notice from the holder to us, the holder may waive such limitation up to a percentage not in excess of 9.99%.
Exercise Price
The exercise price per whole share of common stock purchasable upon exercise of the warrants is $5.9225 per share (based on an assumed public offering price of $5.15 per unit) or 115% of the public offering price of the common stock. The exercise price is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock and also upon any distributions of assets, including cash, stock or other property to our stockholders.
Fractional Shares
No fractional shares of common stock will be issued upon exercise of the warrants. If, upon exercise of the warrant, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we will, upon exercise, pay a cash adjustment in respect of such fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the exercise price. If multiple warrants are exercised by the holder at the same time, we shall pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the exercise price.
Transferability
Subject to applicable laws, the warrants may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without our consent.
Warrant Agent; Global Certificate
The warrants will be issued in registered form under a Warrant Agent Agreement between the Warrant Agent and us. The warrants shall initially be represented only by one or more global warrants deposited with the Warrant Agent, as custodian on behalf of The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and registered in the name of Cede & Co., a nominee of DTC, or as otherwise directed by DTC. Our transfer agent, Equity Stock Transfer, LLC, will serve as the Warrant Agent.
Fundamental Transactions
In the event of a fundamental transaction, as described in the warrants and generally including any reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification of our common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the acquisition of more than 50% of our outstanding common stock, or any person or group becoming the beneficial owner of 50% of the voting power represented by our outstanding common stock, the holders of the warrants will be entitled to receive the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the warrants immediately prior to such fundamental transaction.
Rights as a Stockholder
The warrant holders do not have the rights or privileges of holders of common stock or any voting rights until they exercise their warrants and receive shares of common stock. After the issuance of shares of common stock upon exercise of the warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by stockholders.
Governing Law
The warrants and the Warrant Agent Agreement are governed by New York law.
Notes Outstanding
On December 10, 2015, we entered into the Loan Agreement and Engagement with Knight, as amended eight times, in which, in which we originally borrowed $500,000 at a per annum interest rate of 15% (the “Knight Loan”) and a debenture agreement of face value $3 million on April 24, 2018. As of September 30, 2022, the current outstanding balance of the Knight Loan and Knight Debenture is $19,768,980.
| · | Pursuant to the Knight Debt Conversion Agreement, executed January 9, 2023 and modified on January 13, 2023, and January 27, 2023, Knight and us agreed, to formalize a previously negotiated term sheet that, in the event of a successful IPO, fixed Knight’s cumulative debt to the value as it stood on March 31, 2022, which consisted of $10,770,037 in principal and $8,096,486 in accumulated interest, and to convert the aforementioned amounts, should we consummate an IPO that results in gross proceeds of at least $7,000,000 prior to December 31, 2023 as follows: |
| · | The Parties agreed to convert the Principal Amount into (i) that number of shares of Common Stock equal to dividing the Principal Amount by an amount equal to the offering price of the Common Stock in the IPO discounted by 15% (the “Conversion Common Shares”), rounding up for fractional shares, in a number of Conversion Shares up to 19.9% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock after giving effect of the IPO; (ii) we will make a milestone payment of $10 million to Knight if, after the date of a Qualifying IPO, we sell ARAKODA or if a Change of Control (as per the definition included in the original loan agreement dated on December 10, 2015) occurs, provided that the purchaser of ARAKODA or individual or entity gaining control of the Borrower is not the Lender or an affiliate of the Lender; (iii) following the License and Supply agreement dated on December 10, 2015 and subsequently amended on January 21, 2019, an expansion of existing distribution rights to tafenoquine/Arakoda to include COVID-19 indications as well as malaria prevention across the Territory as defined in said documents, subject to US Army approval; and (iv) we will retain Lender or an affiliate to provide financial consulting services, management, strategic and/or regulatory advice of value $30,000 per month for five years (the parties will negotiate the terms of that consulting agreement separately in good faith). |
| · | The Parties agreed to convert the accrued Interest into that number of shares (the “Conversion Preferred Shares” and, together with the Conversion Common Shares, the “Conversion Shares”) of a new class of preferred stock (the “Preferred Stock”) by dividing the Accrued Interest by [$100.00], then rounding up. The Preferred Stock shall have the following rights, preferences, and designations: (i) have a 6% [cumulative] dividend accumulated annually on March 31; (ii) shall be non-voting stock; (iii) are not redeemable, (iv) be convertible to shares of Common Stock at a price equal to the lower of (1) the price paid for the shares of Common Stock in the IPO and (2) the 10 day volume weighted average share price immediately prior to conversion; and (v) conversion of the preferred stock to common shares will be at the sole discretion of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, we shall not convert the Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock if as a result of such conversion Lender will own 19.9% or more of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock. |
| · | In addition to the conversion of the Debt, for a period commencing on January 1, 2022 and ending upon the earlier of 10 years after the closing of the IPO or the conversion or redemption in full of the Conversion Preferred Shares, we shall pay Lender a royalty equal to 3.5% of the our net sales (the “Royalty”), where “Net Sales” has the same meaning as in our license agreement with the U.S. Army for tafenoquine. Upon a qualified IPO, we shall calculate the royalty payable to Knight at the end of each calendar quarter. We shall pay to Knight the royalty amounts due with respect to a given calendar quarter within fifteen (15) Business Days after the end of such calendar quarter. Each payment of royalties due to Knight shall be accompanied by a statement specifying the total gross sales, the net sales and the deductions taken to arrive to net sales. For clarification purposes, the first royalty payment will be performed following the above instructions, on the first calendar quarter in which a qualified IPO takes place and will cover the sales of the period from January 1, 2022 until the end of said calendar quarter. |
Should an IPO not occur by January 1, 2024, then all terms of the original Knight Loan and Knight Debenture would resume including any interest earned after March 31, 2022
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On October 11, 2017, we issued a $750,000 promissory note, as amended, to Avante International Limited with accrued interest at an annual rate of 5.0% for the first six months, and 10% thereafter. On December 23, 2017, Avante International Limited transferred the Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note to Xu Yu . The current outstanding balance of the Xu Yu Equity Conversion Note is $1,196,973 as of September 30, 2022. On December 11, 2022, the Company and Xu Yu signed an agreement to convert outstanding principal and accumulated interest to common shares in the event we consummate an IPO, with the amount of accumulated interest to be converted being fixed to the amount outstanding at March 31, 2022 which represents a $57,829 reduction in the accrued interest liability and thus the total amount to be converted is $1,139,144.
On May 14, 2020, we borrowed from the U.S. Small Business Administration with a principal amount of $150,000 and a per annum interest rate of 3.75%.
On May 19, 2022, we issued a Convertible Promissory Note to Geoffrey Dow with a principal amount of $44,444.44 and a per annum interest rate of 6%. Upon the occurrence of our initial public offering, the balance of the Dow Note will convert immediately prior to the initial public offering at a price equal to 80% of the price per share of the common stock sold in the initial public offering.
On May 19, 2022, we issued a Convertible Promissory Note to Mountjoy Trust with a principal amount of $294,444.42 and a per annum interest rate of 6%. Upon the occurrence of our initial public offering, the balance of the Mountjoy Note will convert immediately prior to the initial public offering at a price equal to 80% of the price per share of the common stock sold in the initial public offering.
On May 24, 2022, we issued a note in the amount of $333,333.30 to Bigger Capital Fund, LP. On the date of the pricing of our initial public offering, we will deliver to Bigger Capital Fund, LP shares of our common stock equal to (i) 100% of the face value of the note divided by the initial public offering price per share or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of our common stock calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation and the number of our outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023.
On May 24, 2022, we issued a note in the amount of $277,777.78 to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP. On the date of the pricing of our initial public offering, we will deliver to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP shares of our common stock equal to (i) 100% of the face value of the note divided by the initial public offering price per share or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of our common stock calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation and the number of our outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023.
On May 24, 2022, we issued a note in the amount of $277,777.78 to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd. On the date of the pricing of our initial public offering, we will deliver to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd shares of our common stock equal to (i) 100% of the face value of the note divided by the initial public offering price per share or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of our common stock calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation and the number of our outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023.
Between September 9, 2010 through December 31, 2021, we issued notes representing a cumulative amount of $2,795,250 in principal and a debenture (value of $596,389 at December 31, 2021) to Geoffrey Dow. These were converted into common shares on December 31, 2021. We also issued convertible notes in the amounts of $20,000 and $32,000 to Tyrone Miller and Douglas Loock on December 31, 2016. These were converted into common shares on December 31, 2021 and August 31, 2021, respectively.
Warrants
On May 19, 2022, we issued to Geoffrey Dow a right to receive five-year (5) warrants upon the closing of an IPO, with an exercise price of 110% of the IPO price. If the IPO is not completed by May 31, 2023, the exercise price is 90% of the IPO price.
On May 19, 2022, we issued to Mountjoy Trust a right to receive five-year (5) warrants upon the closing of an IPO, with an exercise price of 110% of the IPO price. If the IPO is not completed by May 31, 2023, the exercise price is 90% of the IPO price.
On May 24, 2022, we issued to Bigger Capital Fund, LP a right to receive five-year (5) warrants upon the closing of an IPO, with an exercise price of 110% of the IPO price.
On May 24, 2022, we issued to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP a right to receive five-year (5) warrants upon the closing of an IPO, with an exercise price of 110% of the IPO price.
On May 24, 2022, we issued to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd a right to receive five-year (5) warrants upon the closing of an IPO, with an exercise price of 110% of the IPO price.
Options
None.
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law
We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL regulating corporate takeovers. This statute prevents certain Delaware corporations, under certain circumstances, from engaging in a “business combination” with:
| • | a stockholder who owns 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock (otherwise known as an “interested stockholder”); |
| • | an affiliate of an interested stockholder; or |
| • | an associate of an interested stockholder, for three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder. |
A “business combination” includes a merger or sale of more than 10% of our assets. However, the above provisions of Section 203 do not apply if:
| • | our Board approves the transaction that made the stockholder an “interested stockholder,” prior to the date of the transaction; or |
| • | after the completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, that stockholder owned at least 85% of our voting stock outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, other than statutorily excluded shares of common stock. |
Potential Effects of Authorized but Unissued Stock
Our shares of common and preferred stock are available for future issuance without stockholder approval. We may utilize these additional shares for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, to facilitate corporate acquisitions, payment as a dividend on the capital stock or as equity compensation to our service providers under our equity compensation plans.
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The existence of unissued and unreserved common stock and preferred stock may enable our Board to issue shares to persons friendly to current management or to issue preferred stock with terms that could render more difficult or discourage a third-party attempt to obtain control by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, thereby protecting the continuity of our management. In addition, our Board has the discretion to determine designations, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences of each series of preferred stock, all to the fullest extent permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law and subject to any limitations set forth in our Certificate of Incorporation. The purpose of authorizing the Board to issue preferred stock and to determine the rights and preferences applicable to such preferred stock is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. The issuance of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible financings, acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or could discourage a third party from acquiring, a majority of our outstanding voting stock.
Also, if we issue additional shares of our authorized, but unissued, common stock, these issuances will dilute the voting power and distribution rights of our existing common stockholders.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock will be Equity Stock Transfer, LLC (“Equity Stock Transfer”), located at 237 West 37th Street, Suite 602, New York, NY 10018. The phone number and facsimile number for Equity Stock Transfer are (212) 575-5757 and (347) 584-3644, respectively. Additional information about Equity Stock Transfer can be found on its website at www.equitystock.com.
Listing
We have applied to have our common stock listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SXTP,” which listing is a condition to this offering. We do not intend to apply for listing of the warrants on any exchange or market.
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
There is not currently an established U.S. trading market for our common stock. We cannot predict the effect, if any, that market sales of shares of our common stock or the availability of shares of our common stock for sale will have on the market price of our common stock prevailing from time to time. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock, including shares issued upon exercise of outstanding warrants, in the public market after this offering, could adversely affect market prices prevailing from time to time and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of our equity securities.
Upon completion of the sale of shares of common stock pursuant to this offering, we will have shares of common stock issued and outstanding. In the event the underwriters exercise the over-allotment option in full, we will have shares of common stock issued and outstanding. The common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration or qualification under the Securities Act.
All previously issued shares of common stock that were not offered and sold in this offering, are or will be upon issuance, “restricted securities,” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. These restricted securities are eligible for public sale only if such public resale is registered under the Securities Act or if the resale qualifies for an exemption from registration under Rule 144 under the Securities Act, which are summarized below.
In general, a person who has beneficially owned restricted shares of our common stock for at least six months in the event we have been a reporting company under the Exchange Act for at least ninety (90) days before the sale, would be entitled to sell such securities, provided that such person is not deemed to be an affiliate of ours at the time of sale or to have been an affiliate of ours at any time during the ninety (90) days preceding the sale. A person who is an affiliate of ours at such time would be subject to additional restrictions, by which such person would be entitled to sell within any three-month period only a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of the following:
1% of the number of shares of our common stock then outstanding; or
1% of the average weekly trading volume of our common stock during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing by such person of a notice on Form 144 with respect to the sale;
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provided that, in each case, we are subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Exchange Act for at least 90 days before the sale. Rule 144 trades must also comply with the manner of sale, notice and other provisions of Rule 144, to the extent applicable.
Lock-Up Agreements
Our executive officers and directors have agreed with the underwriters not to sell, transfer or dispose of any shares or similar securities for six months following the effective date of the registration statement for this offering. Any other holders of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock have also agreed with the underwriters not to sell, transfer or dispose of any shares or similar securities for six months following the effective date of the registration statement for this offering without the prior written consent of the underwriters.
We are offering our securities described in this prospectus through the underwriters named below. WallachBeth Capital LLC is acting as representative of the underwriters. We have entered into an underwriting agreement with the underwriters. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, each of the underwriters has severally agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell to the underwriters, the number of common stock and warrants listed next to its name in the following table.
| Underwriters | Number of Shares |
Number of Warrants |
||||||
| WallachBeth Capital LLC | [•] | [•] | ||||||
| Total | [•] | [•] |
The underwriting agreement provides that the underwriters must buy all of the securities being sold in this offering if they buy any of them. However, the underwriters are not required to take or pay for the securities covered by the underwriters’ option to purchase additional securities as described below.
Our securities are offered subject to a number of conditions, including:
| • | receipt and acceptance of our common stock and warrants by the underwriters; and |
| • | the underwriters’ right to reject orders in whole or in part. |
In connection with this offering, certain of the underwriters or securities dealers may distribute prospectuses electronically.
Over-Allotment Option
We have granted the underwriters an option exercisable for 45 days after the date of this prospectus, to purchase, from time to time, in whole or in part, up to an aggregate of (i) shares of common stock included in the Units and/or (ii) Warrants to purchase shares of common stock included in the Units (15% of the shares of common stock and Warrants included in Units sold in this offering) from us in any combination thereof to cover over allotments, if any, at the public offering price, less underwriting discounts and commissions and the non-accountable expense allowance payable to the underwriters. To the extent that this option is exercised, each underwriter will be obligated, subject to certain conditions, to purchase its pro rata portion of these additional shares or Warrants based on the underwriter’s percentage underwriting commitment in this offering as indicated in the table at the beginning of this Underwriting Section.
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Underwriting Discount
Securities sold by the underwriters to the public will initially be offered at the initial unit offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus. Any securities sold by the underwriters to securities dealers may be sold at a discount of up to $ per unit from the initial public offering price. The underwriters may offer the securities through one or more of their affiliates or selling agents. If all the units are not sold at the initial public offering price, WallachBeth Capital LLC may change the offering price and the other selling terms. Upon execution of the underwriting agreement, the underwriters will be obligated to purchase the securities at the prices and upon the terms stated therein.
The following table shows the per unit and total underwriting discount we will pay to the underwriters assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase up to additional common stock and additional warrants.
| Per Unit | Total
without Over-Allotment Option |
Total
with Over-Allotment Option |
||||||||||
| Public offering price | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Underwriting discounts and commissions (8%) | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||
| Proceeds, before expenses to us | $ | $ | $ |
We have agreed to pay WallachBeth Capital LLC’s fees and expenses up to a maximum amount of $145,000. We have paid $10,000 to WallachBeth Capital LLC as an advance to be applied towards reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, or the advance. Any portion of the advance shall be returned back to us to the extent not actually incurred.
We estimate that the total expenses of the offering payable by us, not including the underwriting discount, will be approximately $ . We have also agreed to reimburse the underwriters for certain expenses incurred by them.
Right of First Refusal
For a period of one year from the closing of this offering, we will grant to WallachBeth Capital LLC an irrevocable right of first refusal to act as lead underwriter or book-running manager or placement agent for each and every future public and private equity and debt offerings of the Company, or any successor to or any subsidiary of the Company in any stock exchange during such one-year period.
Indemnification
We have agreed to indemnify the several underwriters against certain liabilities, including certain liabilities under the Securities Act. If we are unable to provide this indemnification, we have agreed to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.
Other Relationships
Some of the underwriters and their affiliates have engaged in, and may in the future engage in, investment banking and other commercial dealings in the ordinary course of business with us or our affiliates. They have received, or may in the future receive, customary fees and commissions for these transactions.
No Public Market
Prior to this offering, there has not been a public market for our securities in the U.S. and the public offering price for our units will be determined through negotiations between us and the underwriters. Among the factors to be considered in these negotiations will be prevailing market conditions, our financial information, market valuations of other companies that we and the underwriters believe to be comparable to us, estimates of our business potential, the present state of our development and other factors deemed relevant.
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We offer no assurances that the initial public offering price will correspond to the price at which our common stock will trade in the public market subsequent to this offering or that an active trading market for our common stock will develop and continue after this offering.
Stock Exchange
We have applied to have our common stock listed on The Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SXTP.” There can be no assurance that we will be successful in listing our common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market. We do not intend to apply for listing of the warrants on any exchange or market.
Electronic Distribution
A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on websites or through other online services maintained by one or more of the underwriters of this offering, or by their affiliates. Other than the prospectus in electronic format, the information on any underwriter’s website and any information contained in any other website maintained by an underwriter is not part of this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, has not been approved and/or endorsed by us or any underwriter in its capacity as underwriter, and should not be relied upon by investors.
Price Stabilization, Short Positions
In connection with this offering, the underwriters may engage in activities that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of our common stock during and after this offering, including:
| • | stabilizing transactions; |
| • | short sales; |
| • | purchases to cover positions created by short sales; |
| • | imposition of penalty bids; and |
| • | syndicate covering transactions. |
Stabilizing transactions consist of bids or purchases made for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock while this offering is in progress. Stabilization transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum. These transactions may also include making short sales of our common stock, which involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of common stock than they are required to purchase in this offering and purchasing common stock on the open market to cover short positions created by short sales. Short sales may be “covered short sales,” which are short positions in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares referred to above, or may be “naked short sales,” which are short positions in excess of that amount.
The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their option, in whole or in part, or by purchasing shares in the open market. In making this determination, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the over-allotment option.
Naked short sales are short sales made in excess of the over-allotment option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common stock in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchased in this offering.
The underwriters also may impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by it because has repurchased shares sold by or for the account of that underwriter in stabilizing or short covering transactions.
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These stabilizing transactions, short sales, purchases to cover positions created by short sales, the imposition of penalty bids and syndicate covering transactions may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock. As a result of these activities, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. The underwriters may carry out these transactions on The Nasdaq Capital Market, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise. Neither we nor the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of the shares. Neither we, nor any of the underwriters make any representation that the underwriters will engage in these stabilization transactions or that any transaction, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
Determination of Offering Price
Prior to this offering, there was no public market for our common stock. The initial public offering price will be determined by negotiation between us and WallachBeth Capital LLC. The principal factors to be considered in determining the initial public offering price include, but are not limited to:
| • | the information set forth in this prospectus and otherwise available to WallachBeth Capital LLC; |
| • | our history and prospects and the history and prospects for the industry in which we compete; |
| • | our past and present financial performance; |
| • | our prospects for future earnings and the present state of our development; |
| • | the general condition of the securities market at the time of this offering; |
| • | the recent market prices of, and demand for, publicly traded shares of generally comparable companies; and |
| • | other factors deemed relevant by the underwriters and us. |
The estimated public offering price range set forth on the cover page of this preliminary prospectus is subject to change as a result of market conditions and other factors. Neither we nor the underwriters can assure investors that an active trading market will develop for our common stock or that the common stock will trade in the public market at or above the initial public offering price.
Affiliations
The underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. The underwriters and their affiliates may from time to time in the future engage with us and perform services for us or in the ordinary course of their business for which they will receive customary fees and expenses. In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers, and such investment and securities activities may involve securities and/or instruments of us. The underwriters and their respective affiliates may also make investment recommendations and/or publish or express independent research views in respect of these securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long and/or short positions in these securities and instruments.
Offer Restrictions Outside the United States
No action has been taken in any jurisdiction (except in the United States) that would permit a public offering of the common stock the possession, circulation or distribution of this prospectus or any other material relating to us or the common stock in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. Accordingly, the common stock may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, and neither this prospectus nor any other material or advertisements in connection with the common stock may be distributed or published, in or from any country or jurisdiction except in compliance with any applicable laws, rules and regulations of any such country or jurisdiction.
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RBSM LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, audited our financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively. We have included our financial statements in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement in reliance on the reports of RBSM LLP, given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
Certain legal matters with respect to the validity of the securities being offered by this prospectus will be passed upon by Carmel, Milazzo & Feil LLP, New York, New York, which owns 100,000 shares of our common stock. TroyGould PC, Los Angeles, California, is acting as counsel for the underwriters with respect to the offering.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus. This prospectus, which constitutes a part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement, some of which is contained in exhibits to the registration statement as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information with respect to us and our common stock, we refer you to the registration statement, including the exhibits filed as a part of the registration statement. Statements contained in this prospectus concerning the contents of any contract or any other document are not necessarily complete. If a contract or document has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, please see the copy of the contract or document that has been filed. Each statement in this prospectus relating to a contract or document filed as an exhibit is qualified in all respects by the filed exhibit. You may obtain copies of this information by mail from the Public Reference Section of the SEC, 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549, at prescribed rates. You may obtain information on the operation of the public reference rooms by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy statements and other information about issuers, like us, that file electronically with the SEC. The address of that website is www.sec.gov.
We are subject to the information and reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and, in accordance with this law, are required to file periodic reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. These periodic reports, proxy statements and other information are available for inspection and copying at the SEC’s public reference facilities and the website of the SEC referred to above. We also maintain a website at https://60degreespharma.com/. You may access these materials free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information contained on our website is not a part of this prospectus and the inclusion of our website address in this prospectus is an inactive textual reference only.
| 110 |
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Financial Statements For The Years Ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020
|
| F-1 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Audited Consolidated Financial Statements
Unaudited Financial Statements
| F-2 |
report of INDEPENDENT registered public ACCOUNTing firm
To the Members of 60o Pharmaceuticals, LLC
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of 60o Pharmaceuticals, LLC (the Company) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the related statements of operations, comprehensive loss, members’ deficit, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2021, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the financial statements). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2021, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The Company’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has an accumulated deficit, recurring losses and expects future losses that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s evaluation of the events and conditions and management’s plans regarding these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.
Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ RBSM LLP.
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2022.
Las Vegas, Nevada
October 17, 2022
| F-3 |
Consolidated Balance Sheets
| As of December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| ($ in USD) | ||||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current Assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and Cash Equivalents | $ | 115,399 | $ | 191,702 | ||||
| Accounts Receivable | 146,362 | 859,425 | ||||||
| Prepaid Expenses | 219,844 | 352,164 | ||||||
| Inventory (Note 3) | 689,042 | 1,039,590 | ||||||
| Total Current Assets | 1,170,647 | 2,442,881 | ||||||
| Other Assets: | ||||||||
| Property and Equipment, net (Note 4) | 48,948 | 73,408 | ||||||
| Right of Use Asset | 58,667 | - | ||||||
| Intangible Assets, net (Note 5) | 109,240 | 80,226 | ||||||
| Deposits | 6,025 | 9,549 | ||||||
| Total Other Assets | 222,880 | 163,183 | ||||||
| Total Assets | $ | 1,393,527 | $ | 2,606,064 | ||||
| LIABILITIES AND MEMBERS' DEFICIT | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses | $ | 537,452 | $ | 1,376,998 | ||||
| Lease Liability | 46,795 | - | ||||||
| Other Current Liabilities (Note 6) | 51,226 | 56,350 | ||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | 635,473 | 1,433,348 | ||||||
| Long-Term Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Deferred Compensation (Note 8) | 154,743 | 103,013 | ||||||
| Lease Liability – long term | 13,000 | - | ||||||
| Debenture | 3,388,570 | 2,602,034 | ||||||
| Related Party Note, net (including accrued interest) (Note 9) | - | 3,221,328 | ||||||
| SBA EIDL (including accrued interest) (Note 9) | 159,161 | 153,312 | ||||||
| Promissory Note (including accrued interest) (Note 9) | 15,197,064 | 13,163,848 | ||||||
| Total Long-Term Liabilities | 18,912,538 | 19,243,535 | ||||||
| Total Liabilities | 19,548,011 | 20,676,883 | ||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12) | ||||||||
| MEMBERS’ DEFICIT | ||||||||
| Members’ Capital (Note 7) | 4,979,365 | 799,700 | ||||||
| Other Comprehensive Income (Note 13) | 75,835 | 80,454 | ||||||
| Accumulated Deficit | (22,633,428 | ) | (18,381,683 | ) | ||||
| 60P Members’ Deficit | (17,578,228 | ) | (17,501,529 | ) | ||||
| Noncontrolling interest | (576,256 | ) | (569,290 | ) | ||||
| Total Members' Deficit | (18,154,484 | ) | (18,070,819 | ) | ||||
| Total Liabilities and Members' Deficit | $ | 1,393,527 | $ | 2,606,064 | ||||
| F-4 |
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
| For Fiscal Years Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| ($ in USD) | ||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 1,160,340 | $ | 2,181,359 | ||||
| Less: Cost of Goods Sold | 850,742 | 702,989 | ||||||
| Gross Profit | 309,598 | 1,478,370 | ||||||
| Research Revenue | 5,192,516 | 368,107 | ||||||
| Net Revenue | 5,502,114 | 1,846,477 | ||||||
| Operating Expenses | ||||||||
| Research and Development | 5,510,866 | 806,683 | ||||||
| Selling, General and Administrative | 1,115,350 | 1,457,924 | ||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | 6,626,216 | 2,264,607 | ||||||
| Loss from Operations | (1,124,102 | ) | (418,130 | ) | ||||
| Interest and Other Expense | 3,135,197 | 2,629,340 | ||||||
| Loss from Operations before Provision for Income Taxes | (4,259,299 | ) | (3,047,470 | ) | ||||
| Provision for Income Taxes (Note 10) | 1,000 | 1,000 | ||||||
| Net Loss | (4,260,299 | ) | (3,048,470 | ) | ||||
| Net Loss – Noncontrolling Interest | (8,554 | ) | (14,726 | ) | ||||
| Net Loss – attributed to 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC | (4,251,745 | ) | (3,033,744 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive Loss: | ||||||||
| Net Loss | (4,260,299 | ) | (3,048,470 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized Foreign Currency Translation Loss | (3,031 | ) | (134,254 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive Loss | (4,263,330 | ) | (3,182,724 | ) | ||||
| Net Loss – Noncontrolling Interest | (8,554 | ) | (14,726 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) from Noncontrolling Interest | 1,588 | (5,587 | ) | |||||
| Comprehensive Loss – attributed to 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC | $ | (4,256,364 | ) | $ | (3,162,411 | ) | ||
| F-5 |
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Members’ Deficit
| Member Units | Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| ($ in USD) | Units | Amount | Comprehensive
Income/(Loss) | Accumulated
Deficit | Noncontrolling Interest | Total
Members’ Deficit | ||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2019 | 14,175,000 | $ | 299,200 | $ | 209,121 | $ | (15,347,939 | ) | $ | (548,977 | ) | $ | (15,388,595 | ) | ||||||||||
| Issuance of Member Units | 500,500 | 500,500 | 500,500 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Translation Loss | (128,667 | ) | - | (5,587 | ) | (134,254 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | (3,033,744 | ) | (14,726 | ) | (3,048,470 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2020 | 14,675,500 | 799,700 | 80,454 | (18,381,683 | ) | (569,290 | ) | (18,070,819 | ) | |||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Debt into Member Units | 4,179,665 | 4,179,665 | 4,179,665 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Translation (Loss) Gain | (4,619 | ) | - | 1,588 | (3,031 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | (4,251,745 | ) | (8,554 | ) | (4,260,299 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2021 | 18,855,165 | $ | 4,979,365 | $ | 75,835 | $ | (22,633,428 | ) | $ | (576,256 | ) | $ | (18,154,484 | ) | ||||||||||
| F-6 |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
| For Fiscal Years Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| ($ in USD) | ||||||||
| CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Net Loss | $ | (4,260,299 | ) | $ | (3,048,470 | ) | ||
| Adjustments to Reconcile Net Loss to Net Cash Used in Operating Activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation of Property | 27,528 | 27,865 | ||||||
| Amortization of Intangibles | 3,310 | - | ||||||
| Amortization of Debt Discount | 604,595 | 425,742 | ||||||
| Amortization of ROU Asset | 40,947 | - | ||||||
| Reduction of Lease Liability | (39,820 | ) | - | |||||
| Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts Receivable | 713,063 | (660,277 | ) | |||||
| Prepaid Expenses | 132,320 | (296,221 | ) | |||||
| Inventory | 350,548 | 190,778 | ||||||
| Deposits | 3,524 | - | ||||||
| Accounts Payable | (839,546 | ) | 796,290 | |||||
| Accrued Interest | 2,568,118 | 2,251,744 | ||||||
| Current Liabilities | (5,124 | ) | 42,237 | |||||
| Deferred Compensation | 51,730 | 103,013 | ||||||
| Net Cash Used in Operating Activities | (649,106 | ) | (167,299 | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Capitalization of Patents | (32,324 | ) | (70,978 | ) | ||||
| Purchases of Property and Equipment | (3,068 | ) | - | |||||
| Net Cash Used in Investing Activities | (35,392 | ) | (70,978 | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Borrowings from SBA EIDL | - | 150,000 | ||||||
| Borrowings from Related Party Notes | 683,226 | 278,500 | ||||||
| Repayments to Related Party Notes | (72,000 | ) | (151,143 | ) | ||||
| Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities | 611,226 | 277,357 | ||||||
| Foreign Currency Translation (Loss) Gain | (3,031 | ) | (134,254 | ) | ||||
| Change in Cash | (76,303 | ) | (95,174 | ) | ||||
| Cash—Beginning of Year | 191,702 | 286,876 | ||||||
| Cash—End of Year | $ | 115,399 | $ | 191,702 | ||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION | ||||||||
| Cash Paid During the Year for Interest Expense | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
| Cash paid During the Year for Income Taxes | $ | 750 | $ | 1,250 | ||||
| NONCASH INVESTING/FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Acquisition of Lease Liability | $ | 99,615 | $ | - | ||||
| Purchase of ROU Asset | (99,615 | ) | - | |||||
| Conversion of Debt into Member Units | 4,179,665 | 500,500 | ||||||
| F-7 |
| 1. | NATURE OF OPERATIONS |
60o Pharmaceuticals, LLC was incorporated on September 9th, 2010, in the District of Columbia. The financial statements of 60o Pharmaceuticals, LLC and its majority owned subsidiaries in Australia and Singapore (which may be referred to as the “Company”, “we”, “us”, “our”, “60P” or “60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals”) are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The Company’s headquarters are located in Washington, DC.
60o Pharmaceuticals, LLC. was formed to develop new best-in-class medicines for the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. Since its founding, the Company has developed Arakoda® for the prevention of malaria. The Company continues to develop its novel products targeting the effects and treatment of diseases such as Coronaviruses.
Going Concern
The Company's financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of obligations in the normal course of business. However, the Company has not demonstrated the ability to generate enough revenues to date to cover operating expenses and has accumulated losses to date. This condition, among others, raise substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern for one year from the date the financial statements are issued.
In view of these matters, continuation as a going concern is dependent upon continued operations of the Company, which in turn is dependent upon the Company’s ability to, meets its financial requirements, raise additional capital, and the success of its future operations. The financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amount and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary should the Company not continue as a going concern.
Management plans to fund operations of the Company through advances from existing shareholders, private placement of restricted securities and the issuance of stock in a public offering until such a time as a business combination or other profitable investment may be achieved. There currently is a plan in place to take the Company public in an IPO transaction toward the end of 2022. Management believes that this plan provides an opportunity for the Company to continue as a going concern.
| 2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Basis of Presentation
The accounting and reporting policies of the Company and subsidiaries are presented on a consolidated basis and conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) after elimination of intercompany transactions and accounts. These consolidated financial statements are presented in US Dollars, which is the Company’s functional currency. The Company has adopted the calendar year as its basis of reporting.
Principles of Consolidation
The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of its majority owned (87.53%) subsidiary 60P Australia Pty Ltd, as well as the financial statements of 60P Singapore Pty Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of 60P Australia Pty Ltd. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
| F-8 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include all cash in banks and short-term highly liquid investments with (original maturities of three months or less) as cash equivalents. The Company’s cash is deposited in demand accounts at financial institutions that management believes are creditworthy. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents in bank deposit accounts, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. As of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents do not exceed FDIC insured limits. The Company also held cash in the majority owned subsidiaries in Australia and Singapore and the amounts were minimal.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Accounts Receivable are recorded at net realizable value or the amount that the Company expects to collect on customer accounts based on product shipments on the dates presented. Any estimate of losses on receivables is based on historical experience with such sales. Receivables are considered impaired and written-off when it is probable that all contractual payments due will not be collected in accordance with the terms of the sale. As of December 31, 2021, and 2020, the Company determined that reserves were not necessary.
Inventory
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, costs that have been incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost originally was calculated using the weighted average method but now is calculated on box price per lot numbers and sales are recognized by lot number.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Normal repairs and maintenance costs are charged to earnings as incurred and additions and major improvements are capitalized. The cost of assets retired or otherwise disposed of, and the related depreciation are eliminated from the accounts in the period of disposal and the resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to earnings.
Depreciation is computed over the estimated useful lives of the related asset type or term of the operating lease using the straight-line method for financial statement purposes. The estimated service lives for Property and Equipment is either three (3), five (5) or seven (7) years.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and identifiable intangibles with finite useful lives, are periodically evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. We look for indicators of a trigger event for asset impairment and pay special attention to any adverse change in the extent or manner in which the asset is being used or in its physical condition. Assets are grouped and evaluated for impairment at the lowest level of which there are identifiable cash flows, which is generally at a location level. Assets are reviewed using factors including, but not limited to, our future operating plans and projected cash flows. The determination of whether impairment has occurred is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows directly related to the assets, compared to the carrying value of the assets. If the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows of the assets does not exceed the carrying value of the assets, full or partial impairment may exist. If the asset carrying amount exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the asset. Fair value is determined using an income approach, which requires discounting the estimated future cash flows associated with the asset.
Intangible Assets
The Company capitalizes its patent and filing fees and legal patent and prosecution fees in connection with internally developed pending patents. When pending patents are issued, patents will be amortized over the expected period to be benefitted, not to exceed the patent lives, which may be as long as ten years.
| F-9 |
Income Taxes
60o Pharmaceuticals, LLC is a limited liability company and has elected to be taxed as a partnership for income tax purposes. Federally, all income tax benefits of a partnership are passed through to the members. The District of Columbia taxes partnerships as a D-30 (District of Columbia Unincorporated Business Franchise Tax Return) and has a minimum tax due $250 if gross receipts are at $1 million or less and a $1,000 if above. Thus, the Company owed DC $1,000 in 2021 and 2020 for income tax purposes and these amounts were paid timely. The tax years that remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions include the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021.
60P Australia Pty Ltd is subject to the taxes of the Australian Taxation Office and 60P Singapore Pte Ltd is subject to the taxes of the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore. The tax years that remain subject to examination for both entities include the fiscal years ended June 30, 2019, 2020 and 2021.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company maintains its cash with a major financial institution located in the United States of America which it believes to be creditworthy. Balances are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000. At times, the Company may maintain balances in excess of the federally insured limits.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”), Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). Revenues are recognized when control is transferred to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods. Revenue recognition is evaluated through the following five steps: (i) identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer; (ii) identification of the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determination of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognition of revenue when or as a performance obligation is satisfied.
The Company received the majority of its revenues from sales of its Arakoda™ product to the US Department of Defense (the “DoD”) and resellers in the US and abroad. The Company records deferred revenues for any advances and then recognizes revenue upon shipment to the retailer who orders product for a specific customer. The Company records a receivable for any amounts to be received pursuant to such sales. The DoD is the Company’s largest customer. The Company recorded sales of Arakoda™ of $1,068,750 and $2,137,500 to the DoD in 2021 and 2020, respectively. The US Army purchased 2.5 full commercial lots (7,500 boxes = 1 lot) of ARAKODA under a purchase contract for which the Company delivered in fractional amounts in 2019, 2020 and 2021. Upon fulfillment of the initial contract the DoD has not issued any further contracts nor contract modifications to allow additional procurement.
Accounts Receivable
The Company records accounts receivable at net realizable value. This value includes an appropriate allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts to reflect any loss anticipated on the trade accounts receivable balances and charged to the provision for doubtful accounts. Based on the Company’s history there has been no need to make a recording or allowance for doubtful accounts. Most of the Company’s revenue has been earned via government contracts and with a large American pharmaceutical distributor. As the Company continues to engage with smaller distributors the 60P will continue to analyze whether an entry should be recorded in Allowance for Doubtful Account, there was no allowance in 2021 and 2020. At the end of December 31, 2021 the US government accounted for 84% of the outstanding AR balance (100% in 2020).
Research and Development Costs
Costs incurred in the research and development of the Company’s products are expensed as incurred. The Company recorded $5,510,866 in research and development costs in the year ended December 31, 2021 ($806,683 during the year ended December 31, 2020).
| F-10 |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments included in current assets and current liabilities (such as cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of such instruments).
The inputs used to measure fair value are based on a hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used in valuation techniques. These levels, in order of highest to lowest priority, are described below:
Level 1—Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2—Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets but corroborated by market data.
Level 3—Unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. These valuations require significant judgment.
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation
The individual financial statements of each group entity are measured and presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (its functional currency). The consolidated financial statements of the group and the statement of financial position and equity of the company are presented in US dollars, which is the functional currency of the Company and the presentation currency for the consolidated financial statements.
For the purpose of presenting consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the group’s foreign operations are translated at exchange rates prevailing on the reporting date. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates for the period, unless exchange rates fluctuate significantly during that period, in which case the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions are used. Exchange differences arising, if any, are recognized in other income. The exchange rates used in these financial statements are as follows:
| Average Exchange Rate | December 31, | ||||||||
| Currency | 2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||
| 1 AUD = | 0.7513 USD | 0.6906 USD | 0.72644959 USD | 0.76991244 USD | |||||
| 1 SGD = | 0.9912 AUD | 1.0528 AUD | 1.020693010 AUD | 0.982578610 AUD | |||||
COVID-19
In March 2020, the outbreak and spread of the COVID-19 virus was classified as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. This widespread disease impacted 60P’s business operations, including its employees, customers, vendors, and communities. The COVID-19 pandemic may continue to impact the Company’s business operations and financial operating results, and there is substantial uncertainty in the nature and degree of its continued effects over time. The extent to which the pandemic impacts the business going forward will depend on numerous evolving factors management cannot reliably predict, including the duration and scope of the pandemic; governmental, business, and individuals' actions in response to the pandemic; and the impact on economic activity including the possibility of recession or financial market instability. These factors may adversely impact consumer and business spending on products as well as customers' ability to pay for products and services on an ongoing basis. This uncertainty also affects management’s accounting estimates and assumptions, which could result in greater variability in a variety of areas that depend on these estimates and assumptions, including investments, receivables, and forward-looking guidance.
Subsequent Events
The Company considers events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date, but prior to the issuance of the financial statements to provide additional evidence relative to certain estimates or to identify matters that require additional disclosure. Subsequent events have been evaluated through October 17, 2022, which is the date the financial statements were issued.
| F-11 |
Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
FASB issued ASU No. 2019-02, leases, that requires organizations that lease assets, referred to as "lessees", to recognize on the balance sheet the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by those leases with lease terms of more than twelve months. ASU 2019-02 will also require disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases and will include qualitative and quantitative requirements. The new standard for nonpublic entities will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and early application is permitted. These consolidated financial statements have been prepared to comport with this standard.
The FASB issues ASUs to amend the authoritative literature in ASC. There have been a number of ASUs to date, including those above, that amend the original text of ASC. Management believes that those issued to date either (i) provide supplemental guidance, (ii) are technical corrections, (iii) are not applicable to us or (iv) are not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
| 3. | INVENTORY |
| Class of Inventory | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Raw Material (API) | $ | 538,320 | $ | 678,124 | ||||
| Packaging | 88,468 | 290,108 | ||||||
| Finished Goods | 37,514 | 23,095 | ||||||
| Allowance for Expiring Inventory | (38,322 | ) | (17,414 | ) | ||||
| Clinical Trial Supplies | 63,062 | 65,677 | ||||||
| Total Inventory | $ | 689,042 | $ | 1,039,590 | ||||
| 4. | PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT |
As of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, Property and Equipment consists of:
| As of Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Lab Equipment | $ | 132,911 | $ | 132,911 | ||||
| Computer Equipment | 12,261 | 9,193 | ||||||
| Furniture | 3,030 | 3,030 | ||||||
| Property and Equipment, at Cost | 148,202 | 145,134 | ||||||
| Accumulated depreciation | (99,254 | ) | (71,726 | ) | ||||
| Property and Equipment, Net | $ | 48,948 | $ | 73,408 | ||||
Depreciation expenses for Lab and Computer Equipment for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020 were in the amount of $27,528 and $27,865 respectively.
| 5. | INTANGIBLE ASSETS |
As of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, Intangible Assets consist of:
| As of Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Patents | $ | 112,550 | $ | 80,226 | ||||
| Accumulated Amortization | (3,310 | ) | - | |||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | $ | 109,240 | $ | 80,226 | ||||
| F-12 |
The following table summarizes the estimated amortization expenses relating to the Company's intangible assets as of December 31, 2021:
| Period | Amortization Expense (USD) | |||
| 2022 | $ | 3,742 | ||
| 2023 | 3,742 | |||
| 2024 | 3,742 | |||
| 2025 | 3,742 | |||
| Thereafter | 32,803 | |||
| Total | $ | 47,771 | ||
The Company additionally has $60,894 in capitalized patent expenses that will be amortizable once the patent is approved.
| 6. | OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES |
The Company’s other current liabilities are provided in more detail in the table that follows:
| As of Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| Credit cards payable | $ | 47,093 | $ | 53,306 | ||||
| Discounts, rebates and royalty liability | 3,133 | 2,044 | ||||||
| Corporate income tax payable | 1,000 | 1,000 | ||||||
| Other current liabilities | $ | 51,226 | $ | 56,350 | ||||
| 7. | CAPITALIZATION AND EQUITY TRANSACTIONS |
Member Units
Pursuant to the Company’s Operating Agreement, as amended on December 31, 2021, as of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, 18,855,165 and 14,675,500 member units were outstanding, respectively. The original Operating Agreement was adopted on October 28, 2010, and was previously amended and restated as of April 26, 2013, January 6, 2014, February 5, 2016, September 8, 2017, March 28, 2018, August 9, 2018 and September 26, 2018. The Company has one class of shares and each membership share entitles the holder to one vote.
Net income of the Company, if any, for each Fiscal Year (or portion thereof) shall be allocated as follows and in the following order of priority:
| (i) | First, to Members and holders of Economic Interests, to the extent of any negative adjusted capital account; |
| (ii) | Second, to Members and holders of Economic Interests, in proportion to the amounts necessary to cause the aggregate amount of Net Income allocated to each Member to equal the aggregate amount of Net Loss allocated to such Member; |
| (iii) | Third, to the Members and holders of Economic Interests, in proportion to, but not in excess of, the amounts received pursuant to distributions during the accounting year; and |
| (iv) | Fourth, the balance of any Net income shall be allocated to Members and holders of Economic Interests in proportion to their respective Interest. |
| F-13 |
Net loss of the Company is allocated to the Members as follows and in the following order priority:
| (i) | First: to the extent of, and in proportion to, the Members’ positive Adjusted Capital Account Balances; and |
| (ii) | Second: the balance of such Net Loss (if any) shall be allocated to the Members in proportion to their respective Company Interests. |
On December 31, 2021, the Company converted related party debt and accrued interest totaling $4,179,665 ($500,500 in 2020) into 4,179,665 (500,500 in 2020) member units at a valuation of $1 per member unit based on the previously declared value of member units dating back to January 2016. (See Debt footnote 9 under Related Party Notes header)
| 8. | DEFERRED COMPENSATION |
In 2020, the Company received consulting services from Biointelect Pty Ltd of Australia with a value of $100,000, which is payable contingent upon a future capital raise and is non-interest bearing. Also in 2020, the Company entered into an agreement with Latham Biopharma on contingent compensation. $54,743 was earned as of December 31, 2021 ($3,013 as of December 31, 2020). The Biointelect and Latham agreements have since been amended as detailed in Note 14 Subsequent Events.
| 9. | DEBT |
Promissory Notes
On December 27, 2019 the Company restructured its cumulative borrowing with their senior secured lender, Knight Therapeutics, Inc, into a note for the principal amount of $6,309,823 and accrued interest of $4,160,918 and a debenture of $3,483,851, collectively referred to as the ‘Knight Loan’. The Knight Loan matures on December 31, 2023. The Knight Loan bears an annual interest rate of 15% compounded quarterly. Under the Knight Loan, the Company is required to pay the lender 15% of cumulative gross profits of above $7,000,000. At the end of December 31, 2021 the Company had reached cumulative gross profits of $1,790,744 ($1,481,146 at December 31, 2020). The Company is not expected to reach this threshold during 2022.
On October 11, 2017 the Company issued a promissory note (“Note”) with an individual investor in the amount of $750,000. The Note matures 60 days after the Knight Loan is repaid. The Note bore an interest rate of 5% from inception for the first six months and 10% per annum thereafter both compounded quarterly on a calendar basis. The lender has an option to convert the Note to equity in the Company at the maturity date and will have 30 days from maturity to exercise this option. Cumulative interest will be forfeited should the lender elect to convert the Note into equity. Cumulative accrued unpaid interest is $361,732 and $257,174 at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $104,558 ($94,968 in 2020).
Debenture
On April 24, 2019 the Company entered into the Knight debenture of $3,000,000 with an original issue discount of $2,100,000. The OID is being amortized using the effective interest method. The Company subsequently restructured the Knight Loan (see Subsequent Events footnote 14). $431,625 of the original issue discount was amortized to interest expense during the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 ($372,524 during 2020) and the unamortized original issue discount at December 31, 2021 was $779,164 ($1,210,790 at December 31, 2020).
| 2021 | 2020 | |||||||
| Original Debenture | $ | 3,000,000 | $ | 3,000,000 | ||||
| Unamortized debt discount | (779,164 | ) | (1,210,790 | ) | ||||
| Debenture Prior to Accumulated Interest | 2,220,836 | 1,789,210 | ||||||
| Accumulated Interest | 1,167,734 | 812,824 | ||||||
| Debenture | $ | 3,388,570 | $ | 2,602,034 | ||||
| F-14 |
SBA COVID-19 EIDL
On May 14, 2020, the Company received COVID-19 EIDL lending from the Small Business Administration (SBA) in the amount of $150,000. The loan bears interest at an annual rate of 3.75% calculated on a monthly basis. The Company was committed to make $731 monthly payments first due June 4, 2021. On March 31, 2021 the SBA announced the deferment period has been extended an additional eighteen months. Thus, the Company is first obligated to start making payments of $731 on November 4, 2022. The current future payment obligations are as follows:
| Period | Payment | |||
| 2022 | $ | 1,462 | ||
| 2023 | 8,772 | |||
| 2024 | 8,772 | |||
| 2025 | 8,772 | |||
| Thereafter | 252,288 | |||
| Total | $ | 280,066 | ||
Due to the deferral the Company is expecting to make a balloon payment of $38,836 to be due on 11/4/2050.
Related Party Notes
Geoff Dow, the majority member had financed the Company throughout its founding with a combination of equity and debt contributions. On December 31 2021 the majority member converted cumulative borrowings (including a debenture received) and interest into 3,942,919 member units with a par value of $1.00 and thus all debt owed to majority member was extinguished. Additionally, $236,746 of investments from a minority member made in 2020 and 2021 was also converted on December 31, 2021 under the same terms.
| 10. | INCOME TAXES |
Federally, the Company is considered a disregarded entity for taxation purposes and thus all liability and benefit is attached to the Members’ returns. The District of Columbia taxes the entity separately on a D-30 franchise tax return when income is over $12,000. Additionally, there is a minimum tax of $250 for incomes at and below $1,000,0000 and $1,000 for those incomes above.
The provision for income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, consists of the following:
| As of Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| DC taxable income | $ | (2,407,267 | ) | $ | 211,386 | |||
| DC Franchise tax | 1,000 | 1,000 | ||||||
| Provision (added) used | (198,599 | ) | 17,439 | |||||
| Allowance added (used) | 198,599 | (17,439 | ) | |||||
| Net Provision for income tax | $ | 1,000 | $ | 1,000 | ||||
The Company has cumulative net loss in DC of $6,996,799 as of December 31, 2021 (4,589,532 as of December 31, 2020). The net tax benefit is the cumulative net loss multiplied by the District of Columbia corporate tax rate of 8.25%. The Company’s net tax benefit at December 31, 2021 is $577,236 ($378,636 at December 31, 2020).
The Australian subsidiary has cumulative losses of AUD8,997,499 at December 31, 2021 (and AUD8,448,957 at December 31, 2020). The Australian subsidiary has also measured a deferred tax benefit associated with the cumulative losses of AUD2,249,375 at December 31, 2021 (and AUD2,196,729 at December 31, 2020). The current tax rate in Australia is now 25% for businesses with an aggregated turnover (ordinary income of the Company and its affiliates) of AUD50 million. The Company projects to continue to qualify for the lower tax rate in the near future.
| F-15 |
Management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to use the existing deferred tax assets. On the basis of this evaluation, the Company has determined that it is more likely than not that the Company will not recognize the benefits of the foreign and state net deferred tax assets, and, as a result, full valuation allowance has been set against its net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020. The amount of the deferred tax asset to be realized could be adjusted if estimates of future taxable income during the carry-forward period are reduced or increased.
| As of Year Ended December 31, | 2021 | 2020 | ||||||
| DC Deferred Tax Asset | $ | 577,978 | $ | 379,379 | ||||
| Australian Deferred Tax Asset (USD) | 1,634,058 | 1,691,289 | ||||||
| 2,212,036 | 2,070,668 | |||||||
| Allowance | 2,212,036 | 2,070,668 | ||||||
| Net Value of Deferred Tax Asset | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
The Company recognizes the impact of a tax position in the financial statements if that position is more likely than not to be sustained on a tax return upon examination by the relevant taxing authority, based on the technical merits of the position. As of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the Company had no recognized tax benefits.
The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. As of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, the Company had no accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions.
| 11. | RELATED PARTY |
Promissory Notes – See Related Party Notes Section under Debt footnote 9.
| 12. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
Capital Leases
The Company leases office space and as a result of our adoption of ASC 842, the operating leases are reflected on our balance sheet within operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets and the related current and non-current operating lease liabilities. ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from lease agreement. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, subject to any changes in the lease or expectation regarding the terms. Variable lease costs such as common area maintenance, property taxes and insurance are expensed as incurred.
When the new accounting standard was adopted on December 31, 2021 the Company had current and long-term operating lease liabilities of $46,795 and $13,000, respectively, and right of use of asset of $58,667.
Future minimum lease payments on a discounted and undiscounted basis under these leases are as follows:
| Undiscounted Cash Flows | ||||
| Discount rate | 15.00 | % | ||
| 2022 | 52,670 | |||
| 2023 | 13,326 | |||
| Total undiscounted minimum future payments | 65,996 | |||
| Imputed interest | (6,201 | ) | ||
| Total operating lease payments | 59,795 | |||
| Short-term lease liabilities | 46,795 | |||
| Long-term lease liabilities | 13,000 | |||
| F-16 |
Other information related to our operating leases is as follows:
| December 31, 2021 | ||||
| Weighted average remaining lease term in years | 1.3 years | |||
| Weighted average discount rate | 15.00 | % | ||
On February 3, 2016, the Company entered into the lease agreement with CXI Corp to rent business premises. The contract most recently amended on December 10, 2020, with an additional term of twenty-four months expiring on March 31, 2023.
Rent expenses were in the amount of $51,894 and $91,110 as of December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Contingencies
The Company’s operations are subject to a variety of local and state regulations. Failure to comply with one or more of those regulations could result in fines, restrictions on its operations, or losses of permits that could result in the Company ceasing operations.
Contingent Compensation
Prior to 2015 the Company agreed with certain vendors, advisors and employees to deferred compensation that expires on December 31, 2023. The net amount of these contingent payments is $43,581. The Company does not anticipate the trigger for these payments to be reached prior to expiration. These agreements would trigger if in a financial transaction the Company sold 70% of the issued shares outside the Company’s management and related parties.
In 2020 the Company engaged with two vendors to help secure COVID-19 trial funding for the Company’s Phase II COVID trial. Ultimately, the efforts were unsuccessful, but a tail does remain. If one Australian fund participates in the Company’s IPO a maximum of $520,000 ($0 in 2020) would be due. Due to subsequent agreement the maximum amount due currently would be $305,000. Currently, the Company is not engaged with the Australian fund to solicit their participation in the Company’s IPO.
Litigation and Claims
From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of operations in the normal course of business. As of December 31, 2021, there were no pending or threatened lawsuits that could reasonably be expected to have a material effect on the results of the Company’s operations.
| 13. | FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATIONS |
The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the parent company is the U.S. dollar and the functional currency of the Company’s operating subsidiary in Australia is the Australian dollar (“AUD”) and in the Singaporean subsidiary it is the Singaporean dollar (“SGD”). For the subsidiaries, whose functional currency are the AUD or SGD, results of operations and cash flows are translated at average exchange rates during the period, assets and liabilities and equity are translated at the exchange rate at the end of the period. As a result, amounts relating to assets and liabilities reported on the statements of cash flows may not necessarily agree with the changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheets. Translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the local currency financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in determining comprehensive loss. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing on the transaction dates. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates, prevailing at the balance sheet date with any transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.
| F-17 |
The Company did not enter into any material transaction in foreign currencies. Transaction gains or losses have not had, and are not expected to have, a material effect on the results of the operations of the Company.
| 14. | SUBSEQUENT EVENTS |
The Company has evaluated subsequent events for the period from December 31, 2021, through October 17, 2022, which is the date the financial statements were available to be issued.
In March of 2022, the members filed a check the box election to be taxed as a C-Corporation going forward starting January 1, 2022. No impact is expected to the current financial statements though going forward the Company will be subject to US taxation federally.
In March 2022, the Directors of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals LLC, its majority-owned subsidiary 60P Australia Pty LTD and that entity's solely-owned subsidiary, 60P Singapore PTE LTD agreed to dissolve 60P Singapore PTE LTD, with effect as of March 31, 2022. Appropriate articles of dissolution were filed with ACRA in Singapore on May 18, 2022. As a component of winding up 60P Singapore PTE LTD, the immediate and ultimate holding companies agreed to waive any remaining debt.
On April 18, 2022, the Company renegotiated the Knight Loan to convert $18,866,523 in debt and accrued interest into equity and debt into the Company upon a closing of an initial public offering that raises at least $7million. The $6,509,823 and $4,260,214 principal amounts shall be converted, at the closing of the Company's initial public offering, into the Company's common stock at a 15% discount to the Company's IPO price; provided that Knight's ownership interest shall not be greater than 19.9%; and cash is greater than $5 million. Any unconverted principal amount shall be issued in the form of a new two-year convertible note earning 10% interest with a mandatory conversion into common stock of principal and accumulated interest after two years at a 15% discount to the lower of the (I) Company's IPO price or (2) the current 10 day weighted average share price. The notes shall not be converted if it would result in Knight's ownership of common shares exceeding 19.9%.
The $8,096,486 million in accrued interest will be converted into $8,096,486 of preferred (non-voting) stock convertible at the option of the Company. The Company will not convert the preferred stock to equity if it would result in Knight's ownership of common shares exceeding 19.9%. The preferred stock shall earn 6% dividends and convert into the Company's common stock at the lower of the (I) Company's IPO price or (2) the current 10 day weighted average share price.
To compensate for the loss of control on the accrued interest being converted into preferred shares, the Company shall pay Knight royalty payments equal to a 3.5% royalty on the Company's sales for the earlier of ten years or the full conversion or redemption of the preferred stock. Such royalty shall be characterized as a payable owing by the Corporation to Knight.
On May 5, 2022, the Company agreed to modify their contract with Biointelect Pty Ltd. Previously, Biointelect potentially could earn $60,000 in deferred cash compensation and $400,000 in warrants in connection with a fundraise and other services provided. As the Company considered this compensation unlikely it agreed to restructure, by increasing the cash component to $100,000, tying $155,000 in equity compensation to an IPO/future qualifying transaction while leaving $245,000 in equity compensation with the original triggering events. The Company plans to take a deferred compensation charge for the $155,000 in equity compensation in Q2 of 2022.
On June 1, 2022, 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a District of Columbia limited liability company (“60P LLC”), entered into the Agreement and Plan of Merger with 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc., pursuant to which 60P LLC merged into 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The value of each outstanding member’s membership interest in 60P LLC was correspondingly converted into common stock of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc., par value $0.0001 per share, with a cost-basis equal to $5.00 per share.
On June 17, 2022 the Company and Latham Biopharma agreed to convert their deferred compensation of $54,743 and $12,500 of accrued expense to a 100% contingent deferred compensation amount of $38,900 in cash and $60,000 in shares of the Company if within the next five years the Company nets at least $10,000,000 in an IPO or any private financing that secures the retirement and/or conversion to equity of all secured debt excluding the loans advanced by the Small Business Administration.
| F-18 |
The Company raised an additional $185,335 in paid in capital between January 1, 2022 and April 30, 2022 from existing investors, which will be capitalized as common shares. On May 19, 2022, the Company further raised $338,888 in convertible debt from related parties – these notes attract a per annum interest rate of 6% and are to be converted at an IPO at a price equal to 80% of the price per share of the common stock sold in the public offering from related and unrelated parties between May 23rd and June 1, 2022. On May 24, 2022, the Company raised $885,555.56 (10% annualized interest, 10% OID, principal repayable at the earlier of one year from the effective date or an IPO) from unrelated parties (Bigger Capital Fund, Cavalry Investments Fund, LP and Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd) and, as part of the financing agreed to deliver shares of the Company’s common stock equal to (i) 100% of the face value of the note divided by the initial public offering price per share or (ii) if the Company fails to complete the initial public offering prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation for the Company and the number of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023. Together, these additional funds are sufficient to cover operational costs between 2022-01-1 and a planned IPO.
In July 2022, the Company renegotiated the timing of a license fee of $85,000 SD, payable to the National University of Singapore, such that payment would be due at the earlier of (i) enrollment of a patient in a Phase II clinical trial involving Celgosivir, (ii) two years from the agreement date or (iii) an IPO. The agreement between the Parties currently consists of email concurrence in principle – an agreement modification has not yet been executed.
There have been no other events or transactions during this time which would have a material effect on these financial statements.
| F-19 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021
| F-20 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Index to Financial Statements
| F-21 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2022 (Unaudited) | 2021 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current Assets: | ||||||||
| Cash and Cash Equivalents | $ | 439,393 | $ | 115,399 | ||||
| Accounts Receivable | 195,041 | 146,362 | ||||||
| Prepaid Expenses | 161,761 | 219,844 | ||||||
| Inventory (Note 3) | 725,457 | 689,042 | ||||||
| Total Current Assets | 1,521,652 | 1,170,647 | ||||||
| Other Assets: | ||||||||
| Property and Equipment, net (Note 4) | 28,201 | 48,948 | ||||||
| Right of Use Asset | 24,819 | 58,667 | ||||||
| Intangible Assets, net (Note 5) | 107,945 | 109,240 | ||||||
| Deposits | 6,025 | 6,025 | ||||||
| Total Other Assets | 166,990 | 222,880 | ||||||
| Total Assets | $ | 1,688,642 | $ | 1,393,527 | ||||
| LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' DEFICIT | ||||||||
| Current Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses | $ | 454,069 | $ | 537,452 | ||||
| Lease Liability | 25,524 | 46,795 | ||||||
| Other Current Liabilities (Note 6) | 98,410 | 51,226 | ||||||
| Derivative Liabilities – Nonrelated Party (Note 10) | 1,126,784 | - | ||||||
| Derivative Liabilities – Related Party (Note 10) | 380,600 | - | ||||||
| Total Current Liabilities | 2,085,387 | 635,473 | ||||||
| Long-Term Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Deferred Compensation (Note 8) | 353,900 | 154,743 | ||||||
| Lease Liability – long term | - | 13,000 | ||||||
| Debenture | 4,043,544 | 3,388,570 | ||||||
| Related Party Note, net (including accrued interest) (Note 9) | 98,653 | - | ||||||
| SBA EIDL (including accrued interest) (Note 9) | 162,954 | 159,161 | ||||||
| Promissory Note (including accrued interest) (Note 9) | 17,193,831 | 15,197,064 | ||||||
| Total Long-Term Liabilities | 21,852,882 | 18,912,538 | ||||||
| Total Liabilities | 23,938,269 | 19,548,011 | ||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12) | ||||||||
| SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT | ||||||||
| Members’ Capital | - | 4,979,365 | ||||||
| Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding | - | - | ||||||
| Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value, 150,000,000 shares authorized; 2,386,009 and no shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively (Note 7) | 239 | - | ||||||
| APIC | 5,164,461 | - | ||||||
| Other Comprehensive Income | 55,529 | 75,835 | ||||||
| Accumulated Deficit | (26,891,602 | ) | (22,633,428 | ) | ||||
| 60P Shareholders’ Deficit | (21,671,373 | ) | (17,578,228 | ) | ||||
| Noncontrolling interest | (578,254 | ) | (576,256 | ) | ||||
| Total Shareholders’ Deficit | (22,249,627 | ) | (18,154,484 | ) | ||||
| Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Deficit | $ | 1,688,642 | $ | 1,393,527 | ||||
See the accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.
| F-22 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
| For The Nine Months Ended September 30, | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Revenues | $ | 298,860 | $ | 1,130,876 | ||||
| Less: Cost of Goods Sold | 308,013 | 779,123 | ||||||
| Gross (Loss) Profit | (9,153 | ) | 351,753 | |||||
| Research Revenue | 259,669 | 4,935,335 | ||||||
| Net Revenue | 250,516 | 5,287,088 | ||||||
| Operating Expenses | ||||||||
| Research and Development | 477,106 | 5,077,126 | ||||||
| Selling, General and Administrative | 839,157 | 852,178 | ||||||
| Total Operating Expenses | 1,316,263 | 5,929,304 | ||||||
| Loss from Operations | (1,065,747 | ) | (642,216 | ) | ||||
| Interest Expense | 2,883,714 | 2,251,676 | ||||||
| Derivative Expense | 256,111 | - | ||||||
| Change in Fair Value of Derivative Liabilities | 23,496 | - | ||||||
| Other Expense | 29,810 | 661 | ||||||
| Loss from Operations before Provision for Income Taxes | (4,258,878 | ) | (2,894,553 | ) | ||||
| Provision for Income Taxes (Note 10) | 750 | 750 | ||||||
| Net Loss | (4,259,628 | ) | (2,895,303 | ) | ||||
| Net Loss – Noncontrolling Interest | (1,454 | ) | (4,567 | ) | ||||
| Net Loss – attributed to 60° Pharmaceuticals, INC | (4,258,174 | ) | (2,890,736 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive Loss: | ||||||||
| Net Loss | (4,259,628 | ) | (2,895,303 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized Foreign Currency Translation Loss | (20,850 | ) | (17,838 | ) | ||||
| Total Comprehensive Loss | (4,280,478 | ) | (2,913,141 | ) | ||||
| Net Loss – Noncontrolling Interest | (1,454 | ) | (4,567 | ) | ||||
| Unrealized Foreign Currency Translation Loss from Noncontrolling Interest | (544 | ) | (170 | ) | ||||
| Comprehensive Loss – attributed to 60° Pharmaceuticals, INC | $ | (4,278,480 | ) | $ | (2,908,404 | ) | ||
| Net loss (June 1 – September 30, 2022) per common share | ||||||||
| Basic | $ | 1.03 | ||||||
| Diluted | $ | 1.03 | ||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding (June 1 – September 30, 2022) | ||||||||
| Basic | 2,377,198 | |||||||
| Diluted | 2,377,198 | |||||||
See the accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.
| F-23 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Consolidated Condensed Statements of Shareholders’ Deficit
| Members’ Equity | Common Stock | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Units | Amount | Shares | Amount | Additional Paid-in Capital | Accumulated Deficit | Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Total Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit) Attributable to 60P | Noncontrolling Interest | Total Shareholders’ Deficit | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2020 | 14,675,500 | $ | 799,700 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (18,381,683 | ) | $ | 80,454 | $ | (17,501,529 | ) | $ | (569,290 | ) | $ | (18,070,819 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
| Foreign Translation Loss | - | - | - | - | - | - | (17,668 | ) | (17,668 | ) | (170 | ) | (17,838 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | - | (2,890,736 | ) | - | (2,890,736 | ) | (4,567 | ) | (2,895,303 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—September 30, 2021 | 14,675,500 | $ | 799,700 | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (21,272,419 | ) | $ | 62,786 | $ | (20,409,933 | ) | $ | (574,027 | ) | $ | (20,983,960 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—December 31, 2021 | 18,855,165 | $ | 4,979,365 | - | $ | - | $ | - | (22,633,428 | ) | $ | 75,835 | $ | (17,578,228 | ) | $ | (576,256 | ) | (18,154,484 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Foreign Translation Loss through May 31, 2022 | - | - | - | - | - | - | (13,683 | ) | (13,683 | ) | (611 | ) | (14,294 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net (Loss) Gain through May 31, 2022 | - | - | - | - | - | (1,814,647 | ) | - | (1,814,647 | ) | 799 | (1,813,848 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Combination: June 1, 2022 (60P, LLC into 60P, INC) | (18,855,165 | ) | (4,979,365 | ) | 2,348,942 | 235 | 4,979,130 | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of Shares June 30, 2022 | - | - | 37,067 | 4 | 185,331 | - | - | 185,335 | - | 185,335 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Foreign Translation (Loss) Gain after June 1, 2022 | - | - | - | - | - | - | (6,623 | ) | (6,623 | ) | 67 | (6,556 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss after June 1, 2022 | - | - | - | - | - | (2,443,527 | ) | - | (2,443,527 | ) | (2,253 | ) | (2,445,780 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance—September 30, 2022 | - | $ | - | 2,386,009 | $ | 239 | $ | 5,164,461 | $ | (26,891,602 | ) | $ | 55,529 | $ | (21,671,373 | ) | $ | (578,254 | ) | $ | (22,249,627 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
See the accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements.
| F-24 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
| For the Nine Months Ended September 30, | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Net Loss | $ | (4,259,628 | ) | $ | (2,895,303 | ) | ||
| Adjustments to Reconcile Net Loss to Net Cash Used in Operating Activities: | ||||||||
| Depreciation of Property | 20,747 | 20,560 | ||||||
| Amortization of Intangibles | 2,783 | 2,369 | ||||||
| Amortization of Debt Discount | 821,154 | 363,073 | ||||||
| Amortization of ROU Asset | 33,848 | 30,473 | ||||||
| Derivative expense | 256,111 | - | ||||||
| Change in fair value of derivative liabilities | 23,496 | - | ||||||
| Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities: | ||||||||
| Accounts Receivable | (48,679 | ) | 475,307 | |||||
| Prepaid Expenses | 58,083 | 115,121 | ||||||
| Inventory | (36,415 | ) | 263,571 | |||||
| Deposits | - | 3,524 | ||||||
| Accounts Payable | (83,383 | ) | (572,787 | ) | ||||
| Accrued Interest | 2,055,810 | 1,888,370 | ||||||
| Current Liabilities | 47,184 | (7,810 | ) | |||||
| Reduction of Lease Liability | (34,271 | ) | (29,625 | ) | ||||
| Deferred Compensation | 199,157 | 5,513 | ||||||
| Net Cash Used in Operating Activities | (944,003 | ) | (337,644 | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Capitalization of Patents | (1,488 | ) | (30,570 | ) | ||||
| Purchases of Property and Equipment | - | (3,068 | ) | |||||
| Net Cash Used in Investing Activities | (1,488 | ) | (33,638 | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| (Repayment of) Borrowings from SBA EIDL & PPA | - | 38,500 | ||||||
| Borrowings from Non-Related Party Notes | 800,000 | - | ||||||
| Borrowings from Related Party Notes | 305,000 | 560,881 | ||||||
| Repayments to Related Party Notes | - | (72,000 | ) | |||||
| Shareholder Investments | 185,335 | - | ||||||
| Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities | 1,290,335 | 527,381 | ||||||
| Foreign Currency Translation (Loss) Gain | (20,850 | ) | (12,251 | ) | ||||
| Change in Cash | 323,994 | 143,848 | ||||||
| Cash—Beginning of Period | 115,399 | 191,702 | ||||||
| Cash—End of Period | $ | 439,393 | $ | 335,550 | ||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION | ||||||||
| Cash paid During the Period for Interest | $ | 731 | $ | - | ||||
| Cash paid During the Period for Income Taxes | 1,250 | 250 | ||||||
| NONCASH INVESTING/FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Acquisition of Lease Liability | - | 99,615 | ||||||
| Purchase of ROU Asset | - | (99,615 | ) | |||||
| Debt discount recorded in connection with derivative liabilities | $ | 1,227,777 | $ | - | ||||
See the accompanying notes to the unaudited consolidated condensed financial statements
| F-25 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 1. | NATURE OF OPERATIONS |
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc was incorporated in Delaware on June 1, 2022, and merged on the same day with 60o Pharmaceuticals, LLC which was organized on September 9, 2010 in the District of Columbia. The financial statements of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc and its majority owned subsidiary in Australia and closed on March 31, 2022 subsidiary in Singapore (which may be referred to as the “Company”, “we”, “us”, “our”, “60P” or “60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals”) are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The Company’s headquarters are located in Washington, DC.
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc was formed to develop new best-in-class medicines for the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. Since its founding, the Company has developed ArakodaR for the prevention of malaria. The Company continues to develop its novel products targeting the effects and treatment of diseases such as Coronaviruses.
Going Concern
The Company's financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of obligations in the normal course of business. However, the Company has not demonstrated the ability to generate enough revenues to date to cover operating expenses and has accumulated losses to date. This condition, among others, raises substantial doubt about the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern for one year from the date the financial statements are issued.
In view of these matters, continuation as a going concern is dependent upon continued operations of the Company, which in turn is dependent upon the Company’s ability to meet its financial requirements, raise additional capital, and the success of its future operations. The financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amount and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary should the Company not continue as a going concern.
Management plans to fund operations of the Company through advances from existing shareholders, private placement of restricted securities and the issuance of stock in a public offering until such a time as a business combination or other profitable investment may be achieved. There currently is a plan in place to take the Company public in an IPO transaction in early 2023. Management believes that this plan provides an opportunity for the Company to continue as a going concern.
| 2. | summary of SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Basis of Presentation
The Company has prepared the accompanying condensed financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for interim financial reporting. These financial statements are unaudited and, in our opinion, include all adjustments consisting of normal recurring adjustments and accruals necessary for a fair presentation of our condensed balance sheets, statements of operations and other comprehensive loss, statements of stockholders’ deficit and cash flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for 2022 due to various factors. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) have been omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. These condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2021 audited financial statements and accompanying notes filed with the SEC.”
| F-26 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022, And September 30, 2021
| 2. | summary of SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) |
Principles of Consolidation
The Company’s consolidated condensed financial statements include the financial statements of its majority owned (87.53%) subsidiary 60P Australia Pty Ltd, as well as the financial statements of 60P Singapore Pty Lte, a wholly owned subsidiary of 60P Australia Pty Ltd. 60P Singapore Pty Lte was closed via dissolution as of March 31, 2022. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 60P Singapore Pty Lte was originally set up to conduct research in Singapore. The entity had no assets and its liabilities were to both 60P Australia Pty Ltd, its direct owner, and 60P. Through consolidation accounting the closure of the business unit did not result in a gain or loss.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include all cash in banks and short-term highly liquid investments (with original maturities of three months or less) as cash equivalents. The Company’s cash is deposited in demand accounts at financial institutions that management believes are creditworthy. The Company’s cash and cash equivalents in bank deposit accounts, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. On September 30, 2022, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents exceeded FDIC insured limits (did not exceed FDIC insured limits at December 31, 2021). The Company also held cash at its subsidiaries in Australia and Singapore though the amounts were minimal. The Company has not experienced any losses related to amounts in excess of FDIC limits. The Company does not hold any cash equivalents, which would consist of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company records accounts receivable at net realizable value. This value includes an appropriate allowance for estimated uncollectible accounts to reflect any loss anticipated on the trade accounts receivable balances and charged to the provision for doubtful accounts. Based on the Company’s history there has been no need to make a recording to allowance for doubtful accounts. Most of the Company’s revenue has been earned via government contracts, and with a large American pharmaceutical distributor. As the Company continues to engage with smaller distributors we will continue to analyze whether an entry should be recorded in Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. There was no allowance as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021. At the nine months ended September 30, 2022 the US government accounted for none of the outstanding AR balance (84% at the year ended December 31, 2021) and the American pharmaceutical distributor accounted for 77% of the outstanding AR balance at nine months ending September 30, 2022 (15% at the year ended December 31, 2021).
Inventory
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, costs that have been incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. Cost is calculated on box price per lot numbers and sales are recognized by lot number.
| F-27 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 2. | summary of SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) |
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Normal repairs and maintenance costs are charged to earnings as incurred and additions and major improvements are capitalized. The cost of assets retired or otherwise disposed of and the related depreciation are eliminated from the accounts in the period of disposal and the resulting gain or loss is credited or charged to earnings.
Depreciation is computed over the estimated useful lives of the related asset type or term of the operating lease using the straight-line method for financial statement purposes. The estimated service lives for Property and Equipment is either three (3), five (5) or seven (7) years.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
Long-lived assets, such as property and equipment and identifiable intangibles with finite useful lives, are periodically evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. We look for indicators of a trigger event for asset impairment and pay special attention to any adverse change in the extent or manner in which the asset is being used or in its physical condition. Assets are grouped and evaluated for impairment at the lowest level of which there are identifiable cash flows, which is generally at a location level. Assets are reviewed using factors including, but not limited to, our future operating plans and projected cash flows. The determination of whether impairment has occurred is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows directly related to the assets, compared to the carrying value of the assets. If the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows of the assets does not exceed the carrying value of the assets, full or partial impairment may exist. If the asset carrying amount exceeds its fair value, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the asset. Fair value is determined using an income approach, which requires discounting the estimated future cash flows associated with the asset.
Intangible Assets
The Company capitalizes its patent and filing fees and legal patent and prosecution fees in connection with internally developed pending patents. When pending patents are issued, patents will be amortized over the expected period to be benefitted, not to exceed the patent lives, which may be as long as ten to fifteen years.
Derivative Liabilities
The Company assessed the classification of its derivative financial instruments as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, which consist of bridge shares, convertible notes payable and certain warrants (excluding those for compensation) and has determined that such instruments qualify for treatment as derivative liabilities as they meet the criteria for liability classification under ASC 815.
The Company analyzes all financial instruments with features of both liabilities and equity under FASB ASC Topic No. 480, (“ASC 480”), “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” and FASB ASC Topic No. 815, (“ASC 815”) “Derivatives and Hedging”. Derivative liabilities are adjusted to reflect fair value at each reporting period, with any increase or decrease in the fair value recorded in the results of operations (other income/expense) as change in fair value of derivative liabilities. The Company uses a Monte Carlo Simulation Model (“MCSM”) to determine the fair value of these instruments.
| F-28 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 2. | summary of SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) |
Derivative Liabilities (Continued)
Upon conversion or repayment of a debt or equity instrument in exchange for shares of common stock, where the embedded conversion option has been bifurcated and accounted for as a derivative liability (generally convertible debt and warrants), the Company records the shares of common stock at fair value, relieves all related debt, derivative liabilities, and debt discounts, and recognizes a net gain or loss on debt extinguishment. In connection with the debt extinguishment, the Company typically records an increase to additional paid-in capital for any remaining liability balance.
Equity instruments that are initially classified as equity that become subject to reclassification under ASC Topic 815 are reclassified to liabilities at the fair value of the instrument on the reclassification date.
Original Issue Discount (“OID”)
For certain notes issued, the Company may provide the debt holder with an original issue discount. The original issue discount is recorded as a debt discount, and is amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt, in the Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
Debt Issue Cost
Debt issuance cost paid to lenders, or third parties are recorded as debt discounts and amortized to interest expense over the life of the underlying debt instrument, in the Statements of Operations.
Income Taxes
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc is a corporation and has accepted the default taxation status of C corporation. The merger does not materially impact tax matters in 2022 as the LLC had elected to be taxed as a C corporation for income tax purposes at the beginning of 2022. Previously, the LLC was taxed as a partnership in which for federal purposes, all income tax benefits of a partnership are passed through to the members. The District of Columbia taxes partnerships on form D-30 (District of Columbia Unincorporated Business Franchise Tax Return) and corporations on form D-20 (District of Columbia (DC) Corporation Franchise Tax Return) and both returns have a minimum tax due of $250 if gross receipts are at $1 million or less and a $1,000 if above. The tax years that remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions include the years ended December 31, 2019, 2020 and 2021.
60P Australia Pty Ltd is subject to the taxes of the Australian Taxation Office and 60P Singapore Pte Ltd is subject to the taxes of the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore.
Concentrations
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash, accounts receivable, inventory purchases, and lending. The Company maintains its cash with a major financial institution located in the United States of America which it believes to be creditworthy. Balances are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000. At times, the Company may maintain balances in excess of the federally insured limits. To date, the Company has not experienced any losses related to uninsured amounts.
| F-29 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 2. | summary of SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) |
Concentrations (Continued)
Significant customers represent any customer whose business makes up 10% of our receivables or revenues. 99% of receivables (consisting of two customers at 77% and 22%) and 100% of revenues (three customers at 65%, 29% and 6% respectively) were generated by the Company from significant customers for the nine months ending September 30, 2022, 99% of the Company’s receivables (84% and 15% from two customers) were from significant customers for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 100% of the revenues (three customers at 95%, 3% and 2% respectively) were derived from significant customers at the nine months ended September 30, 2021. A failure by any of our three regional pharmaceutical distributors to perform would create a significant disruption to that distribution chain. Currently, the Company has exclusive relationships with distributors in the US, Australia and Europe. The US government has historically been the Company’s largest customer through a purchase support contract and a clinical study. Both of those activities have ended as of September 30, 2022 and near term receivables and revenues from the government are not anticipated to be significant.
Since the Company first started working on tafenoquine all inventory has been acquired in a collaborative relationship from a sole vendor. Should the vendor cease to supply tafenoquine it would take time and be expensive to rebuild the supply chain with a new sole vendor sourcing the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API).
As of September 30, 2022, 90% (93% at December 31, 2021) of the Company’s non-related party debt is held by the senior secured, publicly traded Canadian company. The amount of senior secured debt with Knight Therapeutics currently limits the Company’s ability to access additional credit and management has been informed that additional lending with Knight Therapeutics is not currently possible.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (“FASB”), Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). Revenues are recognized when control is transferred to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods. Revenue recognition is evaluated through the following five steps: (i) identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer; (ii) identification of the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determination of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognition of revenue when or as a performance obligation is satisfied.
The Company received the majority of its revenues from sales of its Arakoda™ product to the US Department of Defense (the “DoD”) and resellers in the US and abroad. The Company records US commercial revenues as a receivable when our American distributor transfers shipped product to their title model for 60P. Sales to the DoD are recognized upon their acceptance after product is shipped to them. Foreign sales to both Australia and Europe are recognized as a receivable at the point product is shipped to distributor. The shipments are further subject to a possible profit sharing agreement for boxes sold to customers.
Research and Development Costs
Costs incurred in the research and development of the Company’s products are expensed as incurred. The Company recorded $477,106 in research and development costs during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 ($5,077,126 through the nine months ended September 30, 2021).
| F-30 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 2. | summary of SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) |
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments included in current assets and current liabilities (such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of such instruments).
The inputs used to measure fair value are based on a hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used in valuation techniques. These levels, in order of highest to lowest priority, are described below:
Level 1—Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2—Observable prices that are based on inputs not quoted on active markets but corroborated by market data
Level 3—Unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. These valuations require significant judgment.
| September 30, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | |||||||||||||
| Liabilities | ||||||||||||||||
| Derivative Liabilities | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1,507,384 | $ | 1,507,384 | ||||||||
| Total | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 1,507,384 | $ | 1,507,384 | ||||||||
See Note 10 regarding Derivative Liabilities.
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation
The individual financial statements of each group entity are measured and presented in the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (its functional currency). The consolidated condensed financial statements of the group and the statement of financial position and equity of the company are presented in US dollars, which is the functional currency of the Company and the presentation currency for the consolidated condensed financial statements.
For the purpose of presenting consolidated condensed financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the group’s foreign operations are mostly translated at exchange rates prevailing on the reporting date. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates for the period, unless exchange rates fluctuate significantly during that period, in which case the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions are used. Exchange differences arising, if any, are recognized in other income. Exchange rates along with historical rates used in these financial statements are as follows:
| Average Exchange Rate as of September 30, | September 30, December 31, | |||||||||||||||
| Currency | 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||
| 1 AUD = | 0.709990476 USD | 0.758979853 USD | 0.6391 USD | 0.72644959 USD | ||||||||||||
| 1 SGD = | 1.074 AUD | 0.98429 AUD | 1.023 AUD | 1.02069301 AUD | ||||||||||||
| F-31 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 2. | summary of SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) |
COVID-19
In March 2020, the outbreak and spread of the COVID-19 virus was classified as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. This widespread disease impacted 60P’s business operations, including its employees, customers, vendors, and communities. The COVID-19 pandemic may continue to impact the Company’s business operations and financial operating results, and there is substantial uncertainty in the nature and degree of its continued effects over time. The extent to which the pandemic impacts the business going forward will depend on numerous evolving factors management cannot reliably predict, including the duration and scope of the pandemic; governmental, business, and individuals’ actions in response to the pandemic; and the impact on economic activity including the possibility of recession or financial market instability. These factors may adversely impact consumer and business spending on products as well as customers’ ability to pay for products and services on an ongoing basis. This uncertainty also affects management’s accounting estimates and assumptions, which could result in greater variability in a variety of areas that depend on these estimates and assumptions, including investments, receivables, and forward-looking guidance.
Subsequent Events
The Company considers events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date, but prior to the issuance of the financial statements to provide additional evidence relative to certain estimates or to identify matters that require additional disclosure. Subsequent events have been evaluated through January 30, 2023, which is the date the financial statements were issued.
Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
The FASB issues ASUs to amend the authoritative literature in ASC. There have been a number of ASUs to date, that amend the original text of ASC. Management believes that those issued to date either (i) provide supplemental guidance, (ii) are technical corrections, (iii) are not applicable to us or (iv) are not expected to have a significant impact on our consolidated condensed financial statements.
In August 2020, FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity; Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”), as part of its overall simplification initiative to reduce costs and complexity of applying accounting standards while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to users of financial statements. Among other changes, the new guidance removes from GAAP separation models for convertible debt that require the convertible debt to be separated into a debt and equity component, unless the conversion feature is required to be bifurcated and accounted for as a derivative or the debt is issued at a substantial premium. As a result, after adopting the guidance, entities will no longer separately present such embedded conversion features in equity and will instead account for the convertible debt wholly as debt. The new guidance also requires use of the “if-converted” method when calculating the dilutive impact of convertible debt on earnings per share, which is consistent with the Company’s current accounting treatment under the current guidance. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted, but only at the beginning of the fiscal year.
We adopted this pronouncement on January 1, 2022; however, the adoption of this standard did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
| F-32 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 2. | summary of SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) |
Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements (Continued)
In May 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2021-04, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Debt—Modifications and Extinguishments (Subtopic 470-50), Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718), and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Issuer’s Accounting for Certain Modifications or Exchanges of Freestanding Equity-Classified Written Call Options. This new standard provides clarification and reduces diversity in an issuer’s accounting for modifications or exchanges of freestanding equity-classified written call options (such as warrants) that remain equity classified after modification or exchange. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Issuers should apply the new standard prospectively to modifications or exchanges occurring after the effective date of the new standard. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an issuer elects to early adopt the new standard in an interim period, the guidance should be applied as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The Company does not expect the adoption of this standard to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires an acquirer in a business combination to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606. ASU 2021-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 and early adoption is permitted. While the Company is continuing to assess the timing of adoption and the potential impacts of ASU 2021-08, it does not expect ASU 2021-08 will have a material effect, if any, on its consolidated financial statements.
Related Parties
Parties are considered to be related to the Company if the parties, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal with if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests.
| 3. | INVENTORY |
Inventory consists of the following major classes:
| September, 30 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||||
| Raw Material (API) | $ | 444,309 | $ | 538,320 | ||||
| Packaging | 31,373 | 88,468 | ||||||
| Finished Goods | 186,713 | 37,514 | ||||||
| Allowance for Expiring Inventory | - | (38,322 | ) | |||||
| Clinical Trial Supplies | 63,062 | 63,062 | ||||||
| Total Inventory | $ | 725,457 | $ | 689,042 | ||||
| F-33 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 4. | PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT |
As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, Property and Equipment consists of:
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||||
| Lab Equipment | $ | 132,911 | $ | 132,911 | ||||
| Computer Equipment | 12,261 | 12,261 | ||||||
| Furniture | 3,030 | 3,030 | ||||||
| Property and Equipment, at Cost | 148,202 | 148,202 | ||||||
| Accumulated depreciation | (120,001 | ) | (99,254 | ) | ||||
| Property and Equipment, Net | $ | 28,201 | $ | 48,948 | ||||
Depreciation expenses for Lab and Computer Equipment for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, and 2021 were in the amount of $20,747 and $20,560 respectively.
| 5. | INTANGIBLE ASSETS |
As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, Intangible Assets consist of:
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||||
| Patents | $ | 114,038 | $ | 112,550 | ||||
| Accumulated Amortization | (6,093 | ) | (3,310 | ) | ||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | $ | 107,945 | $ | 109,240 | ||||
The following table summarizes the estimated amortization expenses relating to the Company’s intangible assets as of September 30, 2022:
Period | Amortization Expense (USD) | |||
| 2022 (remaining three months) | $ | 957 | ||
| 2023 | 3,826 | |||
| 2024 | 3,826 | |||
| 2025 | 3,826 | |||
| Thereafter | 33,541 | |||
| Total | $ | 45,976 | ||
The Company additionally has $67,615 in capitalized patent expenses that will be amortizable once the patent is approved.
| F-34 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 6. | OTHER CURRENT liabilitieS |
The Company’s other current liabilities are provided in more detail in the table that follows:
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||||
| Credit cards payable | $ | 51,160 | $ | 47,093 | ||||
| Discounts, rebates and royalty liability | 8,198 | 3,133 | ||||||
| Payroll liabilities | 8,302 | - | ||||||
| Corporate income tax payable | 30,750 | 1,000 | ||||||
| Other current liabilities | $ | 98,410 | $ | 51,226 | ||||
| 7. | CAPITALIZATION and equity transactions |
Shareholder Shares
On June 1, 2022, 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a District of Columbia limited liability company (“60P LLC”), entered into the Agreement and Plan of Merger with 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc, pursuant to which 60P LLC merged into 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The value of each outstanding member’s membership interest in 60P LLC was correspondingly converted into common stock of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc, par value $0.0001 per share, with a cost-basis equal to $5.00 per share. Following the merger, the Company had 150,000,000 shares authorized of which 2,348,942 shares were outstanding. On June 30, 2022, Geoff Dow contributed capital of $185,335 for an additional 37,067 shares. As of September 30, 2022, 2,386,009 shares have been issued and were outstanding.
| 8. | deferred COMPENSATION |
In 2020, the Company received consulting services from Biointelect Pty Ltd of Australia with a value of $100,000, which is payable contingent upon a future capital raise and is non-interest bearing. Also in 2020, the Company entered into an agreement with Latham Biopharma on contingent compensation. $54,743 was earned as of December 31, 2021 ($3,013 as of December 31, 2020). The Biointelect and Latham agreements have since been amended as detailed in Note 13 Subsequent Events.
On May 5, 2022, the Company agreed to modify their contract with Biointelect Pty Ltd. Previously, Biointelect potentially could earn $60,000 in deferred cash compensation and $400,000 in warrants in connection with a fundraise and other services provided. As the Company considered this compensation unlikely, it agreed to restructure by increasing the cash component to $100,000, tying $155,000 in equity compensation to an IPO/future qualifying transaction while leaving $245,000 in equity compensation with the original triggering events. The Company took a deferred compensation charge for the $155,000 in equity compensation in Q2 of 2022.
On June 17, 2022 the Company and Latham Biopharma agreed to convert their deferred compensation of $54,743 and $12,500 of accrued expense to a 100% contingent deferred compensation amount of $38,900 in cash and $60,000 in shares of the Company if within the next five years the Company nets at least $10,000,000 in an IPO or any private financing that secures the retirement and/or conversion to equity of all secured debt excluding the loans advanced by the Small Business Administration.
| F-35 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 9. | DEBT |
Promissory Notes
On December 27, 2019 the Company restructured its cumulative borrowing with their senior secured lender, Knight Therapeutics, Inc, into a note for the principle amount of $6,309,823 and accrued interest of $4,160,918 and a debenture of $3,483,851, collectively referred to as the ‘Knight Loan’. The Knight Loan matures on December 31, 2023. The Knight Loan bears an annual interest rate of 15% compounded quarterly. Under the Knight Loan, the Company is required to pay the lender 15% of cumulative gross profits of above $7,000,000. At the end of September 30, 2022, the Company had reached cumulative gross profits of $1,784,080 ($1,790,744 at December 31, 2021). The Company is not expected to reach this threshold during 2022.
On October 11, 2017 the Company issued a promissory note (“Note”) with an individual investor in the amount of $750,000. The Note matures 60 days after the Knight Loan is repaid. The Note bore an interest rate of 5% from inception for the first six months and 10% per annum thereafter both compounded quarterly on a calendar basis. The lender has an option to convert the Note to equity in the Company at the maturity date and will have 30 days from maturity to exercise this option. Cumulative interest will be forfeited should the lender elect to convert the Note into equity. Cumulative accrued unpaid interest is $446,973 and $361,732 at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Interest expense for the nine-month periods ending September 30, 2022 and September 30, 2021 were $85,242 and at $77,225, respectively.
Debenture
On April 24, 2019 the Company entered into the Knight debenture of $3,000,000 with an original issue discount of $2,100,000. The OID is being amortized using the effective interest method. The Company subsequently restructured the Knight Loan (see Subsequent Events footnote 13). $368,091 of the original issue discount was amortized to interest expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 ($317,689 during nine months ended September 30, 2021) and the unamortized original issue discount at September 30, 2022 was $411,073 ($779,164 at December 31, 2021).
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||||
| Original Debenture | $ | 3,000,000 | $ | 3,000,000 | ||||
| Unamortized debt discount | (411,073 | ) | (779,164 | ) | ||||
| Debenture Prior to Accumulated Interest | 2,588,927 | 2,220,836 | ||||||
| Accumulated Interest | 1,454,617 | 1,167,734 | ||||||
| Debenture | $ | 4,043,544 | $ | 3,388,570 | ||||
SBA COVID-19 EIDL
On May 14, 2020, the Company received COVID-19 EIDL lending from the Small Business Administration (SBA) in the amount of $150,000. The loan bears interest at an annual rate of 3.75% calculated on a monthly basis. The Company was committed to make $731 monthly payments first due June 4, 2021. On March 31, 2021, the SBA announced the deferment period has been extended an additional eighteen months. Thus, the Company is first obligated to start making payments of $731 on November 4, 2022. Nonetheless, the Company made one interest payment of $731 on May 27, 2022 The current future maturities of this debt are as follows:
| F-36 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 9. | DEBT (continued) |
SBA COVID-19 EIDL (Continued)
Period | Principle | |||
| 2022 (remaining three months) | $ | - | ||
| 2023 | - | |||
| 2024 | - | |||
| 2025 | - | |||
| Thereafter | 150,000 | |||
| Total | $ | 150,000 | ||
Due to the deferral the Company is expecting to make a balloon payment of $36,643 to be due on 11/4/2050 (prior to the May 27, 2022 payment the balloon payment was expected to be $38,836).
| 10. | Derivative liabilities |
Promissory Notes, Bridge Shares and Warrants
During May 2022, the Company executed promissory notes having a face amount of $888,889. The notes contain an original issue discount of 10% ($88,889), resulting in net proceeds of $800,000. These notes bear interest at 10% with a default interest rate of 15% and are unsecured. The notes are due at the earlier of one-year (1) from the issuance date or the closing of an initial public offering ("IPO"). In connection with the issuance of these notes, the Company will also issue common stock to each note holder equivalent to (a) 100% of the face amount of the note divided by the IPO price per share, or (b) if the Company fails to complete the IPO prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of the Company's common stock calculated using a $27,000,000 pre-money valuation for the Company and the number of the Company's outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023. Additionally, each of these note holders are entitled to receive five-year (5) fully vested warrants upon the closing of an IPO, with an exercise price of 110% of the IPO price.
Convertible Promissory Notes and Warrants - Related Parties
During May 2022, the Company executed convertible promissory notes with the Company's Chief Executive Officer and a family member related to the Chief Executive Officer, having a face amount of $338,888. The notes contain an original issue discount of 10% ($33,888), resulting in net proceeds of $305,000. These notes bear interest at 6% with a default interest rate of 15% and are unsecured. The notes are due at the earlier of one-year (1) from the issuance date or the closing of an initial public offering ("IPO"). Upon the closing of an IPO, these notes are mandatorily redeemable at the lesser of (a) 20% discount to the IPO price or (b) $27,000,000 pre-money valuation. Additionally, each of these note holders are entitled to receive five-year (5) fully vested warrants upon the closing of an IPO, with an exercise price of 110% of the IPO price. If the IPO is not completed by May 31, 2023, the exercise price is 90% of the IPO price.
| F-37 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 10. | Derivative liabilities (continued) |
Promissory notes and Convertible notes – related parties are summarized as follows at September 30, 2022:
| Promissory Notes | Convertible Notes Related Parties | Total | ||||||||||
| Issuance date of promissory notes | May 2022 | May 2022 | ||||||||||
| Maturity date of promissory notes | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||
| Interest rate | 10% | 6% | ||||||||||
| Default interest rate | 15% | 15% | ||||||||||
| Collateral | Unsecured | Unsecured | ||||||||||
| Conversion Rate | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||
| Balance - December 31, 2021 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of notes | 800,000 | 305,000 | 1,105,000 | |||||||||
| Original issue discount | 88,889 | 33,888 | 122,777 | |||||||||
| Face amount of notes | 888,889 | 338,888 | 1,227,777 | |||||||||
| Less: unamortized debt discount | (818,518 | ) | ||||||||||
| Balance - September 30, 2022 | $ | 409,259 | ||||||||||
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded amortization of debt discount of $409,259.
1 - earlier of 1 year from date of issuance or closing of IPO.
2 - see discussion above in (a) and (b)
As noted above, certain of the Company’s bridge shares, warrants and convertible notes (containing an embedded conversion feature) are accounted for as derivative liabilities since there is an unknown exercise price associated with each instrument. The exercise price is dependent upon a yet to be completed IPO or a failed IPO. In both cases, the possible exercise prices contain different conditions (related to the success or failure of the IPO) that could result in issuing an undeterminable amount of common stock to settle any conversions.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the derivative liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) is as follows at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:
| Bridge Shares | Warrants | Convertible Notes Payable | Total | |||||||||||||
| Derivative liabilities - December 31, 2021 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | ||||||||
| Fair value - commitment date | 823,687 | 565,007 | 95,194 | 1,483,888 | ||||||||||||
| Fair value - mark to market adj ustment | 2,016 | 28,801 | (7,321 | ) | 23,496 | |||||||||||
| Derivative liabilities - September 30, 2022 | $ | 825,703 | $ | 593,808 | $ | 87,873 | $ | 1,507,384 | ||||||||
Changes in fair value of derivative liabilities (mark to market adjustment) are included in other income (expense) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded a change in fair of derivative liabilities of $23,496.
| F-38 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 10. | Derivative liabilities (continued) |
In connection with the valuation of the Company’s derivative liabilities, and accounting for these instruments at fair value, the Company computed a fair value on the commitment date of $1,483,888, and upon the initial valuation of these instruments, determined that the fair value of the liabilities exceeded the face amount of the underlying debt instruments of $1,227,777. As a result, the Company recorded a debt discount at the maximum amount allowed (the face amount of the debt), which required the excess to be recorded as a derivative expense.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded a derivative expense of $256,111.
Derivative expense is summarized as follows:
| Commitment Date | May 2022 | |||
| Fair value of derivative liabiliti es | 1,483,888 | |||
| Less: face amount of debt | 1,227,777 | |||
| Derivative expense | 256,111 | |||
On the commitment date (Day 1 valuation), the fair value of the Company's potential future issuances of common stock related to common stock issued with promissory notes, warrants and embedded conversion features in convertible promissory notes are established with an estimate using the Monte Carlo Simulation Model to compute fair value. The Monte Carlo simulation requires the input of assumptions, including our stock price, the volatility of our stock price, remaining term in years, expected dividend yield, and risk-free rate.
In addition, the valuation model considers the probability of the occurrence or nonoccurrence of an IPO within the terms of our liability-classified financial instruments, as an IPO event can potentially impact the settlement.
Additionally, at each subsequent reporting period, we remeasure the fair value of our liability-classified bridge shares, warrants and embedded conversion features in convertible promissory notes using the Monte Carlo simulation.
The assumptions used to perform the Monte-Carlo Simulation were as follows:
| Commitment Date | May 2022 | |||
| Stock price | $ | 5.00 | ||
| Volatility | 99.7 | % | ||
| Expected term (in years) - Notes | 1.00 - 1.03 | |||
| Expected term (in years) - Warrants | 5 | |||
| Risk-free interest rate | 2.76% - 2.84 | % | ||
| Dividend yield | 0 | % | ||
| IPO probability (prior to note maturity date) | 95 | % | ||
| F-39 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 10. | Derivative liabilities (continued) |
| Mark to Market | September 30, 2022 | |||
| Stock price | $ | 5.00 | ||
| Volatility | 106.6 | % | ||
| Expected term (in years) - Notes | 0.65 - 0.67 | |||
| Expected term (in years) - Warrants | 4.64 - 4.65 | |||
| Risk-free interest rate | 4.09 | % | ||
| Dividend yield | 0 | % | ||
| IPO probability (prior to note maturity date) | 95 | % | ||
| 11. | Income Taxes |
The Company currently pays taxes at a federal level as a “C Corporation”. Previously, for federal income tax purposes, 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC filed as a partnership whereby all liability and benefit was attached to the Members’ returns through December 31, 2021. The District of Columbia, however, taxed the entity separately as an unincorporated business on a D-30 franchise tax return when income was over $12,000 annually. Additionally, there was a minimum tax of $250 for revenues at and below $1,000,0000 and $1,000 for those revenues above.
60P, LLC elected to be taxed as a C-Corporation as of January 1, 2022. A final DC return of the LLC (five-month period ended May 31, 2022) will be filed on the District of Columbia’s D-20 Corporation Franchise Tax Return, which also has minimum taxes for revenues above $1,000,000 ($1,000) and at or below ($250). Upon the merger of 60P, LLC into 60P, INC all accumulated DC net operating losses prior to January 1, 2022 were not transferable and were vacated. Accordingly, the DC net operating loss deferred tax asset ($577,978) was eliminated. The provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 consists of the following:
| Federal | DC | |||||||
| Taxable income | $ | (3,570,762 | ) | $ | (3,570,012 | ) | ||
| DC Franchise tax | - | 750 | ||||||
| Provision (added) used | (749,860 | ) | (294,526 | ) | ||||
| Allowance added (used) | 749,860 | 294,526 | ||||||
| Net Provision for income tax | $ | - | $ | 750 | ||||
Federally the Company has a cumulative loss of $3,570,762 as of September 30, 2022 (none as of December 31, 2021). The net tax benefit associated with loss accumulated ending the nine-month period of September 30, 2022 is $749,860 (none as of December 31, 2021) with the federal tax rate of 21%.
The Company has cumulative net loss in DC of $3,570,012 for the nine months ending September 30, 2022 ($6,996,799 as of December 31, 2021). The net tax benefit is the cumulative net loss multiplied by the District of Columbia corporate tax rate of 8.25%. The Company’s net tax benefit at September 30, 2022 is $294,526 ($577,978 at December 31, 2021).
The Australian subsidiary has cumulative losses of AUD9,550,897 at September 30, 2022 (and AUD8,997,499 at December 31, 2021). The Australian subsidiary has also measured a deferred tax benefit associated with the cumulative losses of AUD2,387,724 at September 30, 2022 (and AUD2,249,375 at December 31, 2021). The current tax rate in Australia is now 25% for businesses with an aggregated turnover (ordinary income of the Company and its affiliates) of AUD50 million. The Company projects to continue to qualify for the lower tax rate in the near future.
| F-40 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 11. | Income Taxes (continued) |
Management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to use the existing deferred tax assets. On the basis of this evaluation, the Company has determined that it is more likely than not that the Company will not recognize the benefits of the foreign and state net deferred tax assets, and, as a result, full valuation allowance has been set against its net deferred tax assets as of September 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021. The amount of the deferred tax asset to be realized could be adjusted if estimates of future taxable income during the carryforward period are reduced or increased.
| As of the Period Ended | September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | ||||||
| Federal Deferred Tax Asset | $ | 749,860 | $ | - | ||||
| DC Deferred Tax Asset | 294,526 | 577,978 | ||||||
| Australian Deferred Tax Asset (USD) | 1,525,994 | 1,634,058 | ||||||
| 2,570,380 | 2,212,036 | |||||||
| Allowance | 2,570,380 | 2,212,036 | ||||||
| Net Value of Deferred Tax Asset | $ | - | $ | - | ||||
The Company recognizes the impact of a tax position in the financial statements if that position is more likely than not to be sustained on a tax return upon examination by the relevant taxing authority, based on the technical merits of the position. As of September 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, the Company had no recognized tax benefits. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters as other expense and nondeductible penalties, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, the Company has recognized a potential tax penalty regarding a US foreign tax reporting form of $30,000 and none at December 31, 2021.
| 12. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Capital Leases
On February 3, 2016, the Company entered into the lease agreement with CXI Corp to rent business premises. The contract most recently amended on December 10, 2020 with an additional term of twenty-four months expiring on March 31, 2023. As a result of our adoption of ASC 842, the operating leases are reflected on our balance sheet within operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets and the related current and non-current operating lease liabilities. ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from lease agreement. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, subject to any changes in the lease or expectation regarding the terms. Variable lease costs such as common area maintenance, property taxes and insurance are expensed as incurred.
When the new accounting standard was adopted on December 31, 2021 the Company had current and long-term operating lease liabilities of $46,795 and $13,000, respectively, and right of use of asset of $58,667.
| F-41 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 12. | Commitments and Contingencies (CONTINUED) |
Capital Leases (continued)
Future minimum lease payments on a discounted and undiscounted basis under these leases are as follows:
| Undiscounted Cash Flows | ||||
| Discount rate | 15.00 | % | ||
| 2022 (October 1 to December 31) | $ | 13,326 | ||
| 2023 (January 1 to March 31) | 13,326 | |||
| Total undiscounted minimum future payments | 26,652 | |||
| Imputed interest | (1,128 | ) | ||
| Total operating lease payments | 25,524 | |||
| Short-term lease liabilities | 25,524 | |||
| Long-term lease liabilities | $ | - | ||
Other information related to our operating leases is as follows:
| September 30, 2022 | ||||
| Weighted average remaining lease term in years | 0.5 years | |||
| Weighted average discount rate | 15.00 | % | ||
Rent expenses were in the amount of $38,921 and $38,921 as of September 30, 2022, and September 30, 2021, respectively.
Contingencies
The Company’s operations are subject to a variety of local and state regulations. Failure to comply with one or more of those regulations could result in fines, restrictions on its operations, or losses of permits that could result in the Company ceasing operations.
Contingent Compensation
Prior to 2015 the Company agreed with certain vendors, advisors and employees to deferred compensation that expires on December 31, 2023. The net amount of these contingent payments is $43,581. The Company does not anticipate the trigger for these payments to be reached prior to expiration. These agreements would trigger if in a financial transaction the Company sold 70% of the issued shares outside the Company’s management and related parties.
In 2020, the Company engaged with two vendors to help secure COVID-19 trial funding for the Company’s Phase II COVID trial. Ultimately, the efforts were unsuccessful but a tail does remain. If one Australian fund participates in the Company’s IPO a maximum of $520,000 would be due as of December 31, 2021. Due to subsequent agreement the maximum amount due would be $305,000 as of September 30, 2022. Currently, the Company is not engaged with the Australian fund to solicit their participation in the Company’s IPO.
| F-42 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 12. | Commitments and Contingencies (CONTINUED) |
Litigation and Claims
From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of operations in the normal course of business. As of September 30, 2022, there were no pending or threatened lawsuits that could reasonably be expected to have a material effect on the results of the Company’s operations.
| 13. | SUBSEQUENT EVENTS |
The Company has evaluated subsequent events for the period from October 1, 2022 through January 30, 2023, which is the date the financial statements were available to be issued.
On November 22, 2022, the Company adopted a 2022 Equity Incentive Plan also referred to as (“2022 Plan”). The maximum shares available under the 2022 Plan is equal to 10% of the currently outstanding shares or 238,601.
On December 11, 2022, the Company and Xu Yu signed an agreement to convert outstanding principal and accumulated interest to common shares in the event Company consummates an IPO. Additionally, the agreement fixed the accrued interest to March 31, 2022. The Company will be allowed to reverse $57,829 in previous accrued interest charges upon completion of the IPO.
In November and December 2022, the Company signed agreements with four director nominees (Cheryl Xu, Paul Field, Charles Allen and Stephen Toovey) which come into effect on the date the Company’s S-1 becomes effective. Each director will receive cash compensations of $11,250 per quarter. In addition, the two non-audit committee chairs (Toovey, Field) will receive $1,250 per quarter and the audit committee chair (Allen) will receive an additional $2,000 per quarter. Each director will receive a one-off stock grant of $50,000 and a non-qualified option to purchase an additional $50,000 of common stock. Each director will receive equity compensation in the form of restricted stock units valued at $40,000 and a non-qualified option to purchase $40,000 of common stock.
On January 1, 2023 the Company lowered the wholesale acquisition cost [WAC] price of a box of Arakoda [16 x 100 mg tablets] from $285 to $235 per box, to better align the cost of utilizing Arakoda for malaria prophylaxis with competing products including atovaquone-proguanil.
| ● | On January 9, 2023, and in two subsequent amendments, the Company and Knight Therapeutics agreed to extinguish Knight's debt in the event of an IPO as follows. Key points of this agreement are as follows: The Parties agreed to formalize a previously negotiated term sheet that fixed Knight’s cumulative debt to the value as it stood on March 31, 2022, which consisted of $10,770,037 in principal and $8,096,486 in accumulated interest should the Company execute an IPO that results in gross proceeds of at least $7,000,000 prior to December 31, 2023. Should an IPO not occur by January 1, 2024 then all terms of the original loans would resume including any interest earned after March 31, 2022. From April 1, 2022 through September 30, 2022 the Company has recorded $1,313,530 in accumulated Interest that would be subject to reversal should the IPO be successfully executed. |
| F-43 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 13. | SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (Continued) |
| ● | The Parties agreed to convert the Principal Amount into (i) that number of shares of Common Stock equal to dividing the Principal Amount by an amount equal to the offering price of the Common Stock in the IPO discounted by 15% (the “Conversion Common Shares”), rounding up for fractional shares, in a number of Conversion Shares up to 19.9% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock after giving effect of the IPO; (ii) the Company will make a milestone payment of $10 million to Knight if, after the date of a Qualifying IPO, the Company sells ARAKODA or if a Change of Control (as per the definition included in the original loan agreement dated on December 10, 2015) occurs, provided that the purchaser of ARAKODA or individual or entity gaining control of the Borrower is not the Lender or an affiliate of the Lender; (iii) following the License and Supply agreement dated on December 10, 2015 and subsequently amended on January 21, 2019, an expansion of existing distribution rights to tafenoquine/Arakoda to include COVID-19 indications as well as malaria prevention across the Territory as defined in said documents, subject to US Army approval; and (iv) Company will retain Lender or an affiliate to provide financial consulting services, management, strategic and/or regulatory advice of value $30,000 per month for five years (the parties will negotiate the terms of that consulting agreement separately in good faith). | |
| ● | The Parties agreed to convert the accrued interest into that number of shares (the “Conversion Preferred Shares” and, together with the Conversion Common Shares, the “Conversion Shares”) of a new class of preferred stock (the “Preferred Stock”) by dividing the Accrued Interest by [$100.00], then rounding up. The Preferred Stock shall have the following rights, preferences, and designations: (i) have a 6% [cumulative] dividend accumulated annually on March 31; (ii) shall be non-voting stock; (iii) are not redeemable, (iv) be convertible to shares of Common Stock at a price equal to the lower of (1) the price paid for the shares of Common Stock in the IPO and (2) the 10 day volume weighted average share price immediately prior to conversion; and (v) conversion of the preferred stock to common shares will be at the sole discretion of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not convert the Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock if as a result of such conversion Lender will own 19.9% or more of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock. |
In addition to the conversion of the Debt, for a period commencing on January 1, 2022 and ending upon the earlier of 10 years after the Closing or the conversion or redemption in full of the Conversion Preferred Shares, Company shall pay Lender a royalty equal to 3.5% of the Company’s net sales (the “Royalty”), where “Net Sales” has the same meaning as in the Company’s license agreement with the U.S. Army for tafenoquine. Upon succeeding the Qualified IPO, the Company shall calculate the royalty payable to Knight Therapeutics International S.A. (“Knight”) at the end of each calendar quarter. The Company shall pay to Knight the royalty amounts due with respect to a given calendar quarter within fifteen (15) Business Days after the end of such calendar quarter. Each payment of royalties due to Knight shall be accompanied by a statement specifying the total gross sales, the net sales and the deductions taken to arrive to net sales. For clarification purposes, the first royalty payment will be performed following the above instructions, on the first calendar quarter in which the Qualified IPO takes place and will cover the sales of the period from January 1, 2022 until the end of said calendar quarter.
On January 12, 2023 Geoff Dow signed an updated employment agreement as Chief Executive Officer with a two-year agreement subject to automatic annual renewals unless either party provides notice within 90 days of expiration. Notable provisions are as follows:
| ● | Annual salary will be $228,000 per year with a cash bonus of up to 25% of base pay should performance goals be met. |
| F-44 |
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements (Continued)
For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 And September 30, 2021
| 13. | SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (continued) |
| ● | Upon the Company becoming public, Geoff Dow will be awarded 300,000 shares which will vest at the end of each quarter over five years. The exercise price will be the closing price of the stock on the day of the IPO. | |
| ● | The Company will pay him $1,100 per month for as long as he is not a beneficiary of the Company’s health plan which currently has not been setup. | |
| ● | The Executive will be awarded a two times base salary cash bonus if in a change of control transaction, the Company’s share price is two times the closing price on the day of the IPO. |
On January 12, 2023 Tyrone Miller signed an updated employment agreement as Chief Financial Officer with a two-year agreement subject to automatic annual renewals unless either party provides notice within 90 days of expiration. Notable provisions are as follows:
| ● | Annual salary will be $204,000 per year with a cash bonus of up to 25% of base pay should performance goals be met. | |
| ● | Upon the Company becoming public, Tyrone Miller will be awarded 240,000 shares which will vest at the end of each quarter over five years. The exercise price will be the closing price of the stock on the day of the IPO. | |
| ● | The Company will pay him $1,100 per month for as long as he is not a beneficiary of the Company’s health plan which currently has not been setup. | |
| ● | The Executive will be awarded a two times base salary cash bonus if in a change of control transaction, the Company’s share price is two times the closing price on the day of the IPO. |
The Company must meet a NASDAQ listing requirement of a minimum public float of $15 million. As of December 31, 2022, the value of the Company’s potentially freely tradable shares was $1,715,246 representing 165,938 shares of value $829,690 owned by Douglas Loock, and an obligation to the three interim investors (Bigger, Calvary and Walleye) to issue common shares of value $885,556 at the IPO. Subsequently the Company issued common shares in exchange for services to the following organizations in the indicated amounts: Carmel, Milazzo & Feil LLP (100,000 shares), Florida State University Research Foundation (405,000 shares), Trevally LLC (120,000 shares), ENA Healthcare Communications LLC (8,500 shares), 4C Pharma Solutions LLC (54,000 shares), Hybrid Financial INC (65,000 shares), Method Health Communications LLC (20,000 shares), Kentucky Technology INC (525,000), Ludlow Business Services INC (37,500). Additionally, the Company also issued Latham BioPharm Group LLC 65,000 common shares in exchange for extinguishment of $98,900 in deferred compensation that would otherwise have been payable in the event of an IPO.
On January 16, 2023 the Company and their Australian distributor agreed to settle historical profit share through September 30, 2022 for $24,486 (AUD$35,000) through the issuance of a one-time pandemic credit of $18,637 (AUD$26,640).
On January 19, 2023 the Company and Knight Therapeutics amended their previous agreement by changing the quantity of preferred shares to be issued from “The Accrued Interest will convert into a new class of preferred stock (the “Preferred Stock”) by dividing the Accrued Interest by [$1.00] (8,096,486 shares).” to “of a new class of preferred stock (the “Preferred Stock”) by dividing the Accrued Interest by [$100.00], then rounding up.” The net effect is that Knight will be issued 80,965 preferred shares valued at $8,096,500 instead of 8,096,486 shares valued at $8,096,486.
On January 21, 2023, the Company’s Board, with the consent of Geoffrey S. Dow decided to cancel 1,240,682 common shares issued to the Geoffrey S. Dow Revocable Trust and, with the consent of Tyrone Miller, decided to cancel 189,318 shares issued to Tyrone Miller.
There have been no other events or transactions during this time which would have a material effect on these financial statements.
| F-45 |
Units
Each Consisting of
One Share of Common Stock and
One Warrant to Purchase One Share of Common Stock
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
| PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS |
WallachBeth Capital LLC
______________, 2023
Through and including, ______________, 2023, (the 25th day after the date of this prospectus), all dealers effecting transactions in the common stock, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This delivery requirement is in addition to a dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to an unsold allotment or subscription.
Part II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.
The following table indicates the expenses to be incurred in connection with the offering described in this registration statement, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, all of which will be paid by us. All amounts are estimated except the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) registration fee and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) filing.
| Amount | ||||
| Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee | $ | [*] | ||
| FINRA filing fee | [*] | |||
| NASDAQ listing fee | [*] | |||
| Accountants’ fees and expenses | [*] | |||
| Legal fees and expenses | [*] | |||
| Printing and engraving expenses | [*] | |||
| Miscellaneous | [*] | |||
| Total expenses | $ | [*] |
Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Section 102 of the General Company Law of the State of Delaware (“DGCL”) permits a company to eliminate the personal liability of directors of a company to the company or its stockholders for monetary damages for a breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except where the director breached his duty of loyalty, failed to act in good faith, engaged in intentional misconduct or knowingly violated a law, authorized the payment of a dividend or approved a stock repurchase in violation of Delaware corporate law or obtained an improper personal benefit. Our charter provides that none of our directors shall be personally liable to it or its stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director, notwithstanding any provision of law imposing such liability, except to the extent that the DGCL prohibits the elimination or limitation of liability of directors for breaches of fiduciary duty.
Section 145 of the DGCL provides that a company has the power to indemnify a director, officer, employee, or agent of the company, or a person serving at the request of the company for another company, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise in related capacities against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with an action, suit or proceeding to which he was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, ending or completed action, suit or proceeding by reason of such position, if such person acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the company, and, in any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful, except that, in the case of actions brought by or in the right of the company, no indemnification shall be made with respect to any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the company unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery or other adjudicating court determines that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all of the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the Court of Chancery or such other court shall deem proper.
Our charter provides that we will indemnify to the fullest extent permitted from time to time by the DGCL or any other applicable laws as presently or hereafter in effect, any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, including, without limitation, an action by or in the right of the Company, by reason of his acting as a director or officer of the Company or any of its subsidiaries (and the Company, in the discretion of the Board, may so indemnify a person by reason of the fact that he is or was an employee or agent of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or is or was serving at the request of the Company in any other capacity for or on behalf of the Company) against any liability or expense actually and reasonably incurred by such person in respect thereof.
| II-1 |
In any underwriting agreement we enter into in connection with the sale of common stock being registered hereby, the underwriters will agree to indemnify, under certain conditions, us, our directors, our officers and persons who control us within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), against certain liabilities.
Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities.
Set forth below is information regarding securities issued by us within the last three years which were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(a) Issuance of Capital Stock.
| • | On June 1, 2022, 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a District of Columbia limited liability company (“60P LLC”), entered into the Agreement and Plan of Merger with 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation, pursuant to which 60P LLC merged into 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the “Company”). The value of each outstanding members’ membership interest in 60P LLC was automatically converted into common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, with a cost-basis equal to $5.00 per share. |
| • | We issued 37,067 shares to Geoffrey Dow (at $5.00 per share) on August 28, 2022 in recognition of capital contributions of $185,335 made between January 1, 2022 and April 1, 2022. There are no other outstanding related party debt or obligations. |
| • | On January 2, 2023 and January 17, 2023, we issued a total of 100,000 shares of our common stock to our legal counsel for payment of certain legal fees. |
| • | On January 21, 2023, we cancelled 1,240,682 common shares owned by the Geoffrey S. Dow Revocable Trust. |
| • | On January 21, 2023, we cancelled 189,318 common shares owned by Tyrone Miller. |
| • | On January 26, 2023, we issued 405,000 shares of our common stock to Florida State University Research Foundation Inc. in exchange for its services. |
| • | On January 26, 2023, we issued 65,000 shares of our common stock to Latham BioPharm Group, LLC in exchange for its services. |
| • | On January 26, 2023, we issued 120,000 shares of our common stock to Trevally, LLC in exchange for its services. |
| • | On January 26, 2023, we issued 8,500 shares of our common stock to ENA Healthcare Communications, LLC in exchange for its services. |
| • | On January 26, 2023, we issued 54,000 shares of our common stock to 4C Pharma Solutions, LLC in exchange for the cancellation of debt and credit. |
| • | On January 26, 2023, we issued 65,000 shares of our common stock to Hybrid Financial in exchange for its services. |
| • | On January 26, 2023, we issued 20,000 shares of our common stock to Sheila Burke in exchange for services provided by Method Health Communications LLC. |
| • | On January 26, 2023, we issued 525,000 shares of our common stock to University of Kentucky School of Pharmacy in exchange for its services. |
| • | On January 26, 2023, we issued 30,000 shares of our common stock to Elliot Berman in exchange for services provided by Berman Accounting & Advisory P.A. |
| • | On the effective date of this registration statement, we issued 13,980 of our common stock to Geoffrey S. Dow Revocable Trust as a result of the conversion of the Convertible Promissory Note we issued to the Geoffrey S. Dow Revocable Trust on May 19, 2022 (the “Geoffrey S. Dow Revocable Trust Note”). |
| • | On the effective date of this registration statement, we issued 92,620 shares of our common stock to Mountjoy Trust as a result of the conversion of the Convertible Promissory Note we issued to Mountjoy Trust on May 19, 2022 (the “Mountjoy Note”). |
| • | On the effective date of this registration statement, we issued 66,934 shares of our common stock to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd. as a result of the conversion of the Convertible Promissory Note we issued to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd. on May 24, 2022 (the “Walleye Note”). |
| • | On the effective date of this registration statement, we issued 80,321 shares of our common stock to Bigger Capital Fund, LP as a result of the conversion of the Convertible Promissory Note we issued to Bigger Capital Fund, LP on May 24, 2022 (the “Bigger Capital Fund Note”). |
| • | On the effective date of this registration statement, we issued 66,934 shares of our common stock to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP. as a result of the conversion of the Convertible Promissory Note we issued to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP. on May 24, 2022 (the “Cavalry Note”). |
The issuance of the capital stock listed above was deemed exempt from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act or Regulation D promulgated thereunder in that the issuance of securities were made to an accredited investor and did not involve a public offering. The recipient of such securities represented its intention to acquire the securities for investment purposes only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof.
(b) Warrants.
On May 19, 2022, we issued to Geoffrey Dow a Common Stock Purchase Warrant to purchase a number of shares of our common stock equal to (i) the total number of common stock issued to Geoffrey Dow as a result of the conversion of the Dow Note, which will occur on the pricing date of our initial public offering, at the exercise price equal to 110% of the initial public offering price, or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 31, 2023, 90% of the initial public offering price.
On May 19, 2022, we issued to Mountjoy Trust a Common Stock Purchase Warrant to purchase a number of shares of our common stock equal to (i) the total number of common stock issued to Mountjoy Trust as a result of the conversion of the Mountjoy Note, which is to occur on the pricing date of our initial public offering, at the exercise price equal to 110% of the initial public offering price, or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 31, 2023, 90% of the initial public offering price.
On May 24, 2022, we issued to Bigger Capital Fund, LP a Common Stock Purchase Warrant to purchase a number of shares of our common stock equal to 50% of the total number of common stock issued to Bigger Capital Fund, LP as a result of the conversion of the Bigger Capital Fund Note, which is to occur on the pricing date of our initial public offering, at the exercise price equal to 110% of the initial public offering price.
On May 24, 2022, we issued to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP a Common Stock Purchase Warrant to purchase a number of shares of our common stock equal to 50% of the total number of common stock issued to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP as a result of the conversion of the Cavalry Investment Fund Note, which is to occur on the pricing date of our initial public offering, at the exercise price equal to 110% of the initial public offering price.
On May 24, 2022, we issued to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd a Common Stock Purchase Warrant to purchase a number of shares of our common stock equal to 50% of the total number of common stock issued to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd as a result of the conversion of the Walleye Note, which is to occur on the pricing date of our initial public offering, at the exercise price equal to 110% of the initial public offering price.
| II-2 |
The warrants described above were deemed exempt from registration in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act or Regulation D promulgated thereunder in that the issuance of securities were made to an accredited investor and did not involve a public offering. The recipients of such securities represented its intention to acquire the securities for investment purposes only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof.
(c) Option Grants.
None.
(d) Issuance of Notes.
On May 14, 2020, we issued the Note to the U.S. Small Business Administration with a principal amount of $150,000 and a per annum interest rate of 3.75%.
On May 19, 2022, we issued the Convertible Promissory Note to Geoffrey Dow, as assigned to the Geoffrey S. Dow Revocable Trust dated August 27, 2018 on May 19, 2022 (the “Dow Note”), with a principal amount of $44,444 and a per annum interest rate of 6%. Upon the occurrence of our initial public offering, the balance of the Dow Note will convert immediately prior to the initial public offering at a price equal to 80% of the price per share of the common stock sold in the initial public offering.
On May 19, 2022, we issued the Mountjoy Note with a principal amount of $294,444 and a per annum interest rate of 6%. Upon the occurrence of our initial public offering, the balance of the Mountjoy Note will convert immediately prior to the initial public offering at a price equal to 80% of the price per share of the common stock sold in the initial public offering.
On May 24, 2022, we issued the Bigger Capital Fund Note in the amount of $333,333.30 to Bigger Capital Fund, LP. On the date of the pricing of our initial public offering, we will deliver to Bigger Capital Fund, LP shares of our common stock equal to (i) 100% of the face value of the note divided by the initial public offering price per share or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of common stock calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation and the number of outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023.
On May 24, 2022, we issued the Cavalry Investment Fund Note a note in the amount of $277,777.78 to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP. On the date of the pricing of our initial public offering, we will deliver to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP shares of our common stock equal to (i) 100% of the face value of the note divided by the initial public offering price per share or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of common stock calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation and the number of outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023.
On May 24, 2022, we issued the Walleye Note in the amount of $277,777.78 to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd. On the date of the pricing of our initial public offering, we will deliver to Walleye Opportunities Master Fund Ltd shares of our common stock equal to (i) 100% of the face value of the note divided by the initial public offering price per share or (ii) if we fail to complete the initial public offering prior to May 24, 2023, the number of shares of common stock calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation and the number of outstanding shares of common stock on May 24, 2023.
The notes described above were deemed exempt from registration in reliance on Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act or Regulation D promulgated thereunder in that the issuance of securities were made to an accredited investor and did not involve a public offering. The recipients of such securities represented its intention to acquire the securities for investment purposes only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof.
| II-3 |
Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) Exhibits: Reference is made to the Exhibit Index following Item 17 of Part II hereto, which Exhibit Index is hereby incorporated into this Item.
(b) Financial Statement Schedules: All schedules are omitted because the required information is inapplicable or the information is presented in the financial statements and the related notes.
Item 17. Undertakings.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(i) To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”);
(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and
(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; provided, however, that paragraphs (1)(i), (1)(ii) and (1)(iii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.
(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.
(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:
(A) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and
(B) Each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.
(5) That for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;
(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;
(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to any charter provision, by law or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.
(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
| II-4 |
EXHIBIT INDEX
| II-5 |
*To be filed by amendment.
+ Management contract or compensatory plan.
| II-6 |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Washington, District of Columbia, on January 31, 2023.
| 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. | ||
| By: | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | |
| Geoffrey Dow | ||
President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | ||
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Geoffrey Dow and Tyrone Miller his or her true and lawful attorney-in-fact, with full power of substitution and re-substitution for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign any and all amendments including pre- and post-effective amendments to this registration statement, any subsequent registration statement for the same offering which may be filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and pre- or post-effective amendments thereto, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact or his or her substitute, each acting alone, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| Name | Position | Date | ||
| /s/ Geoffrey Dow | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director | January 31, 2023 | ||
| Geoffrey Dow | (Principal Executive Officer) | |||
| /s/ Tyrone Miller | Treasurer | January 31, 2023 | ||
| Tyrone Miller | (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
| II-7 |
Exhibit 3.1
| Delaware | Page 1 | |
| The First State |
I, JEFFREY W. BULLOCK, SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, DO HEREBY CERTIFY THE ATTACHED IS A TRUE AND CORRECT COPY OF THE CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF “60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.", FILED IN THIS OFFICE ON THE FIRST DAY OF JUNE, A.D. 2022, AT 8 O'CLOCK A.M.
| /s/ Jeffrey W. Bullock | |
| Jeffrey W. Bullock, Secretary Of State |
|
6829222 8100 SR# 20222549773 |
 |
Authentication: 203562558 Date: 06-01-22 |
You may verify this certificate online at corp.delaware.gov/authver.shtml
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF 60 DEGREES
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
I, the undersigned, for the purpose of creating and organizing a corporation under the provisions of and subject to the requirements of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "DGCL"), certify as follows:
1. The name of the corporation is 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the "Corporation").
2. The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware is 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware 19808. The name of the registered agent of the Corporation at such address is Corporation Service Company.
3. The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted by the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the DGCL.
4. The total number of shares of common stock which the Corporation is authorized to issue is 150,000,000, at a par value of $.0001 per share, and the total number of shares of preferred stock which the Corporation is authorized to issue is 1,000,000, at a par value of $.0001 per share.
5. The board of directors is hereby expressly authorized to provide, out of the unissued shares of preferred stock, for one or more series of preferred stock and, with respect to each such series, to fix the number of shares constituting such series and the designation of such series, the voting powers, if any, of the shares of such series, and the preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, if any, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, of the shares of such series. The powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional and other special rights of each series of preferred stock, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, if any, may differ from those of any and all other series at any time outstanding.
6. The name and mailing address of the incorporator of the Corporation are:
| Name | Mailing Address |
| GEOFFREYS, DOW | 1025 Connecticut Avenue, NW |
| Suite 1000 | |
| Washington, District of Columbia 20036 |
7. Unless and except to the extent that the by-laws of the Corporation (the "By-laws") shall so require, the election of directors of the Corporation need not be by written ballot.
| State of Delaware | |
| Secretary of State | |
| Division of Corporations | |
| Delivered 07:56 AM 06/01/2022 | |
| FILED 08:00 AM 06/01/2022 | |
| SR 20222549773 - File Number 6829222 |
8. To the fullest extent permitted by law, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or to its stockholders for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duty as a director. No amendment to, modification of or repeal of this paragraph 8 shall apply to or have any effect on the liability or alleged liability of any director of the Corporation for or with respect to any acts or omissions of such director occurring prior to such amendment.
9. The Corporation shall indemnify, advance expenses, and hold harmless, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended, any person (a “Covered Person”) who was or is made or is threatened to be made a party or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (a “Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or, while a director or officer of the Corporation, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, enterprise or nonprofit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys' fees) reasonably incurred by such Covered Person. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, except for claims for indemnification (following the final disposition of such Proceeding) or advancement of expenses not paid in full, the Corporation shall be required to indemnify a Covered Person in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) commenced by such Covered Person only if the commencement of such Proceeding (or part thereof) by the Covered Person was authorized in the specific case by the board of directors of the Corporation. Any amendment, repeal or modification of this paragraph 9 shall not adversely affect any right or protection hereunder of any person in respect of any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such repeal or modification.
10. In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the board of directors is expressly authorized to adopt, amend or repeal the By-laws or adopt new By-laws without any action on the part of the stockholders; provided that any By-law adopted or amended by the board of directors, and any powers thereby conferred, may be amended, altered or repealed by the stockholders.
11. The Corporation shall have the right, subject to any express provisions or restrictions contained in this Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (the "Certificate of Incorporation") or the By-laws, from time to time, to amend, alter or repeal any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation in any manner now or hereafter provided by law, and all rights and powers of any kind conferred upon a director or stockholder of the Corporation by this Certificate of Incorporation or any amendment thereof are conferred subject to such right.
12. Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim for breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, this Certificate of Incorporation or the By-laws or (iv) any action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine, in each case subject to said Court of Chancery having personal jurisdiction over the indispensable parties named as defendants therein.
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I, THE UNDERSIGNED, being the incorporator, for the purpose of forming a corporation pursuant to the DGCL, do make this Certificate of Incorporation, hereby acknowledging, declaring, and certifying that the foregoing Certificate of Incorporation is my act and deed and that the facts herein stated are true, and have accordingly hereunto set my hand this 1st day of June, 2022.
| Incorporator | ||
| By | /s/ GEOFFREY S. DOW | |
| GEOFFREY S. DOW | ||
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Exhibit 3.4
BY-LAWS OF 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1.01 Offices. The address of the registered office of 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC (hereinafter called the "Corporation") in the State of Delaware shall be at 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, Delaware 19808. The Corporation may have other offices, both within and without the State of Delaware, as the board of directors of the Corporation (the "Board of Directors") from time to time shall determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
Section 1.02 Books and Records. Any records administered by or on behalf of the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account, and minute books, may be maintained on any information storage device, method, or one or more electronic networks or databases (including one or more distributed electronic networks or databases); provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible paper form within a reasonable time, and, with respect to the stock ledger, the records so kept comply with Section 224 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. The Corporation shall so convert any records so kept upon the request of any person entitled to inspect such records pursuant to applicable law.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF THE STOCKHOLDERS
Section 2.01 Place of Meetings. All meetings of the stockholders shall be held at such place, if any, either within or without the State of Delaware, or by means of remote communication, as shall be designated from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of meeting.
Section 2.02 Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of the stockholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting shall be held at such date, time and place, if any, as shall be determined by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting.
Section 2.03 Special Meetings. Special meetings of stockholders for any purpose or purposes shall be called pursuant to a resolution approved by the Board of Directors and may not be called by any other person or persons. The only business which may be conducted at a special meeting shall be the matter or matters set forth in the notice of such meeting.
Section 2.04 Adjournments. Any meeting of the stockholders, annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time to reconvene at the same or some other place, if any, and notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communication, if any, are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 30 days, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, the Board of Directors shall fix a new record date for notice of the adjourned meeting and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting as of the record date fixed for notice of the adjourned meeting.
Section 2.05 Notice of Meetings. Notice of the place, if any, date, hour, the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (if such date is different from the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting) and means of remote communication, if any, of every meeting of stockholders shall be given by the Corporation not less than 10 days nor more than 60 days before the meeting (unless a different time is specified by law) to every stockholder entitled to vote at the meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting. Notices of special meetings shall also specify the purpose or purposes for which the meeting has been called. Notices of meetings to stockholders may be given by mailing the same, addressed to the stockholder entitled thereto, at such stockholder's mailing address as it appears on the records of the corporation and such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the U.S. mail, postage prepaid. Without limiting the manner by which notices of meetings otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any such notice may be given by electronic transmission in accordance with applicable law. Notice of any meeting need not be given to any stockholder who shall, either before or after the meeting, submit a waiver of notice or who shall attend such meeting, except when the stockholder attends for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Any stockholder so waiving notice of the meeting shall be bound by the proceedings of the meeting in all respects as if due notice thereof had been given.
Section 2.06 List of Stockholders. The Corporation shall prepare a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders (provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten days before the date of the meeting, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth day before the meeting date), arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares of each class of capital stock of the Corporation registered in the name of each stockholder at least ten days before any meeting of the stockholders. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, on a reasonably accessible electronic network if the information required to gain access to such list was provided with the notice of the meeting or during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation for a period of at least ten days before the meeting. If the meeting is to be held at a place, the list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting the whole time thereof and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If the meeting is held solely by means of remote communication, the list shall also be open for inspection by any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting as provided by applicable law. Except as provided by applicable law, the stock ledger of the Corporation shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the stock ledger and the list of stockholders or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.
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Section 2.07 Quorum. Unless otherwise required by law, the Corporation's Certificate of Incorporation (the "Certificate of Incorporation") or these by-laws, at each meeting of the stockholders, stockholders holding at least thirty-three and 34/100ths of shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power, by the affirmative vote of a majority in voting power thereof, to adjourn the meeting from time to time, in the manner provided in Section 2.04, until a quorum shall be present or represented. A quorum, once established, shall not be broken by the subsequent withdrawal of enough votes to leave less than a quorum. At any such adjourned meeting at which there is a quorum, any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting originally called.
Section 2.08 Conduct of Meetings. The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of the meeting of the stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. At every meeting of the stockholders, the Chair of the Board, or in his or her absence or inability to act, the president, or in his or her absence or inability to act, a quorum of stockholders present shall appoint a director to act as chair of, and preside at, the meeting. The secretary or, in his or her absence or inability to act, the person whom the chair of the meeting shall appoint secretary of the meeting, shall act as secretary of the meeting and keep the minutes thereof. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of Directors, the chair of any meeting of the stockholders shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations, and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chair, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations, or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the chair of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (a) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (b) the determination of when the polls shall open and close for any given matter to be voted on at the meeting; (c) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (d) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders of record of the corporation, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the chair of the meeting shall determine; (e) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; and (f) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants.
Section 2.09 Voting; Proxies. Unless otherwise required by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, the election of directors shall be decided by a plurality of the votes cast at a meeting of the stockholders by the holders of stock, at which a quorum is present in person or represented by proxy entitled to vote in the election. Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws, any matter, other than the election of directors, brought before any meeting of stockholders, at which a quorum is present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting entitled to vote on the matter, shall be decided by the affirmative vote of a majority of such stockholders. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders or to express consent to corporate action without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after one year from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. The authorization of a person to act as proxy may be documented, signed, and delivered in accordance with Section 116 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "DGCL") provided that such authorization shall set forth, or be delivered with, information enabling the Corporation to determine the identity of the stockholder granting such authorization. A proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law to support an irrevocable power. A stockholder may revoke any proxy which is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by delivering to the secretary of the Corporation a revocation of the proxy or a new proxy bearing a later date. Voting at meetings of stockholders need not be by written ballot.
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Section 2.10 Inspectors at Meetings of Stockholders. The Board of Directors, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, may, and shall if required by law, appoint one or more inspectors, who may be employees of the Corporation, to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof and make a written report thereof. The Board of Directors may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting, the person presiding at the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. The inspectors shall (a) ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, (b) determine the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum and the validity of proxies and ballots, (c) count all votes and ballots, (d) determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, and (e) certify their determination of the number of shares represented at the meeting and their count of all votes and ballots. The inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or entities to assist the inspectors in the performance of their duties. Unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, the date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting shall be announced at the meeting. No ballot, proxies, votes, or any revocation thereof or change thereto, shall be accepted by the inspectors after the closing of the polls unless the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware upon application by a stockholder shall determine otherwise. In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots cast at any meeting of stockholders, the inspectors may consider such information as is permitted by applicable law. No person who is a candidate for office at an election may serve as an inspector at such election.
Section 2.11 Consent of Stockholders Without a Meeting. Any action to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing or by electronic transmission, setting forth the action to be so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware (by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested), its principal place of business, an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded, or to an information processing system designated by the corporation for receiving such consents in accordance with applicable law. Every consent shall bear the date of signature of each stockholder who signs the consent, and no consent shall be effective to take the corporate action referred to therein unless, within 60 days of the earliest dated consent delivered in the manner required by this Section 2.11, consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take action are delivered to the Corporation as aforesaid. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous consent shall, to the extent required by applicable law, be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing, and who, if the action had been taken at a meeting, would have been entitled to notice of the meeting if the record date for notice of such meeting had been the date that consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take the action were delivered to the Corporation.
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Section 2.12 Fixing the Record Date.
(a) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than 60 nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting. If the Board of Directors so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board of Directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote therewith at the adjourned meeting.
(b) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than ten days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action without a meeting: (i) when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for such purpose shall be the first date on which a signed consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery (by hand, or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested) to its registered office in the State of Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded and (ii) if prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
(c) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion, or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
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ARTICLE III
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Section 3.01 General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may adopt such rules and procedures, not inconsistent with the Certificate of Incorporation, these by-laws, or applicable law, as it may deem proper for the conduct of its meetings and the management of the Corporation.
Section 3.02 Number; Term of Office. The Board of Directors shall consist of one or more members, the number thereof to be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors. Each director shall hold office until a successor is duly elected and qualified or until the director's earlier death, resignation, disqualification, or removal.
Section 3.03 Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies. Any newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the authorized number of directors and any vacancies occurring in the Board of Directors, may be filled by the affirmative votes of a majority of the remaining members of the Board of Directors, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director prior to the next meeting of the Board of Directors. A director so elected shall be elected to hold office until the earlier of the expiration of the term of office of the director whom he or she has replaced, a successor is duly elected and qualified, or the earlier of such director's death, resignation, or removal.
Section 3.04 Resignation. Any director may resign at any time by notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the date of receipt of such notice by the Corporation or at such later time as is therein specified. A verbal resignation shall not be deemed effective until confirmed by the director in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation.
Section 3.05 Removal. Except as prohibited by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, the stockholders entitled to vote in an election of directors may remove any director from office at any time, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority in voting power thereof; provided, however, until the Corporation’s shares are traded freely on a stock exchange Geoffrey S. Dow shall not be removed from his office as director or any other elected office except for cause.
Section 3.06 Fees and Expenses. Directors shall receive such fees and expenses as the Board of Directors shall from time to time prescribe.
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Section 3.07 Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such times and at such places as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors or the Chair of the Board.
Section 3.08 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such times and at such places as may be determined by the Chair of the Board, or in his or her absence or inability to act, the president, or in his or her absence or inability to act, a majority of directors present shall appoint a director to act as chair of, and preside at, the meeting, on at least 24 hours' notice to each director given by one of the means specified in Section 3.11 hereof other than by mail or on at least three days' notice if given by mail. Special meetings shall be called by the chairman, or in his or her absence or inability to act, the president, in like manner and on like notice on the written request of any two or more directors.
Section 3.09 Telephone Meetings. Board of Directors or Board of Directors committee meetings may be held by means of telephone conference or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other and be heard. Participation by a director in a meeting pursuant to this Section 3.09 shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
Section 3.10 Adjourned Meetings. A majority of the directors present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, including an adjourned meeting, whether a quorum is present, may adjourn and reconvene such meeting to another time and place. At least 24 hours' notice of any adjourned meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director whether present at the time of the adjournment, if such notice shall be given by one of the means specified in Section 3.11 hereof other than by mail, or at least three days' notice if by mail. Any business may be transacted at an adjourned meeting that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.
Section 3.11 Notices. Subject to Section 3.08, Section 3.10, and Section 3.12 hereof, whenever notice is required to be given to any director by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws, such notice shall be deemed given effectively if given in person or by telephone, mail addressed to such director at such director's address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, facsimile, email, or by other means of electronic transmission.
Section 3.12 Waiver of Notice. Whenever notice to directors is required by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws, a waiver thereof, in writing signed by, or by electronic transmission by, the director entitled to the notice, whether before or after such notice is required, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance by a director at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting except when the director attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting was not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special Board of Directors or committee meeting need be specified in any waiver of notice.
Section 3.13 Organization. At each meeting of the Board of Directors, the chairman or, in his or her absence, another director selected by the Board of Directors shall preside. The secretary shall act as secretary at each meeting of the Board of Directors. If the secretary is absent from any meeting of the Board of Directors, an assistant secretary shall perform the duties of secretary at such meeting; and in the absence from any such meeting of the secretary and all assistant secretaries, the person presiding at the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.
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Section 3.14 Quorum of Directors. Except as otherwise permitted by the Certificate of Incorporation, these by-laws, or applicable law, the presence of a majority of the Board of Directors shall be necessary and sufficient to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board of Directors.
Section 3.15 Action by Majority Vote. Except as otherwise expressly required by these by-laws, the Certificate of Incorporation, or by applicable law, the vote of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.
Section 3.16 Action Without Meeting. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all directors or members of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission and any consent may be documented, signed, and delivered in any manner permitted by Section 116 of the DGCL. After an action is taken, the consent or consents relating thereto shall be filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee in accordance with applicable law.
Section 3.17 Committees of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. If a member of a committee shall be absent from any meeting, or disqualified from voting thereat, the remaining member or members present at the meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent permitted by applicable law, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it to the extent so authorized by the Board of Directors. Unless the Board of Directors provides otherwise, at all meetings of such committee, a majority of the then authorized members of the committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the vote of a majority of the members of the committee present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the committee. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings. Unless the Board of Directors provides otherwise, each committee designated by the Board of Directors may make, alter, and repeal rules and procedures for the conduct of its business. In the absence of such rules and procedures each committee shall conduct its business in the same manner as the Board of Directors conducts its business pursuant to this Article III.
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ARTICLE IV
OFFICERS
Section 4.01 Positions and Election. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board of Directors and shall include a Chair of the Board of Directors (who must be a director), a president, a treasurer, and a secretary. The Board of Directors, in its discretion, may also elect one or more vice chairs (who must be directors), and one or more vice presidents, assistant treasurers, assistant secretaries, and other officers. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person. Except as otherwise provided in these by-laws, the Chair of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and of stockholders. The Chair of the Board shall perform such other duties and services as shall be assigned to or required of the Chair of the Board by the Board of Directors.
Section 4.02 Term. Each officer of the Corporation shall hold office until such officer's successor is elected and qualified or until such officer's earlier death, resignation, or removal. Any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed by the Board of Directors at any time, with or without cause, by the majority vote of the members of the Board of Directors then in office. The removal of an officer shall be without prejudice to his or her contract rights, if any. The election or appointment of an officer shall not of itself create contract rights. Any officer of the Corporation may resign at any time by giving written notice of his or her resignation to the president or the secretary. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein or, if the time when it shall become effective shall not be specified therein, immediately upon its receipt. Unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Should any vacancy occur among the officers, the position shall be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by appointment made by the Board of Directors.
Section 4.03 The President. The president shall have general supervision over the business of the Corporation and other duties incident to the office of president, and any other duties as may be from time to time assigned to the president by the Board of Directors and subject to the control of the Board of Directors in each case.
Section 4.04 Vice Presidents. Each vice president shall have such powers and perform such duties as may be assigned to him or her from time to time by the Chair of the Board of Directors or the president.
Section 4.05 The Secretary. The secretary shall attend all sessions of the Board of Directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all votes and the minutes of all proceedings and shall perform like duties for committees when required. He or she shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the president. The secretary shall keep in safe custody the seal of the Corporation and have authority to affix the seal to all documents requiring it and attest to the same.
Section 4.06 The Treasurer. The treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities, except as otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the president and the directors, at the regular meetings of the Board of Directors, or whenever they may require it, an account of all his or her transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation.
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Section 4.07 Duties of Officers May Be Delegated. In case any officer is absent, or for any other reason that the Board of Directors may deem sufficient, the president or the Board of Directors may delegate for the time being the powers or duties of such officer to any other officer or to any director.
ARTICLE V
STOCK CERTIFICATES AND THEIR TRANSFER
Section 5.01 Certificates Representing Shares. The shares of stock of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates; provided that the Board of Directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any class or series shall be uncertificated shares that may be evidenced by a book-entry system maintained by the registrar of such stock. If shares are represented by certificates, such certificates shall be in the form, other than bearer form, approved by the Board of Directors. The certificates representing shares of stock of each class shall be signed by, or in the name of, the Corporation by any two authorized officers of the Corporation. Any or all such signatures may be facsimiles. Although any officer, transfer agent, or registrar whose manual or facsimile signature is affixed to such a certificate ceases to be such officer, transfer agent, or registrar before such certificate has been issued, it may nevertheless be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such officer, transfer agent, or registrar were still such at the date of its issue.
Section 5.02 Transfers of Stock. Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by law and in these by-laws. Transfers of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation only by the holder of record thereof, by such person's attorney lawfully constituted in writing and, in the case of certificated shares, upon the surrender of the certificate thereof, which shall be cancelled before a new certificate or uncertificated shares shall be issued. No transfer of stock shall be valid as against the Corporation for any purpose until it shall have been entered in the stock records of the Corporation by an entry showing from and to whom transferred. To the extent designated by the president or any vice president or the treasurer of the Corporation, the Corporation may recognize the transfer of fractional uncertificated shares but shall not otherwise be required to recognize the transfer of fractional shares.
Section 5.03 Transfer Agents and Registrars. The Board of Directors may appoint, or authorize any officer or officers to appoint, one or more transfer agents and one or more registrars.
Section 5.04 Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed Certificates. The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or uncertificated shares to be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the owner of the allegedly lost, stolen, or destroyed certificate. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or uncertificated shares, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of the lost, stolen, or destroyed certificate, or the owner's legal representative to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.
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ARTICLE VI
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 6.01 Seal. The seal of the Corporation shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise, as may be prescribed by law or custom or by the Board of Directors.
Section 6.02 Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be determined by the Board of Directors.
Section 6.03 Checks, Notes, Drafts, Etc. All checks, notes, drafts, or other orders for the payment of money of the Corporation shall be signed, endorsed, or accepted in the name of the Corporation by such officer, officers, person, or persons as from time to time may be designated by the Board of Directors or by an officer or officers authorized by the Board of Directors to make such designation.
Section 6.04 Dividends. Subject to applicable law and the Certificate of Incorporation, dividends upon the shares of capital stock of the Corporation may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the Corporation's capital stock, unless otherwise provided by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation.
Section 6.05 Conflict with Applicable Law or Certificate of Incorporation. These by-laws are adopted subject to any applicable law and the Certificate of Incorporation. Whenever these by-laws may conflict with any applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, such conflict shall be resolved in favor of such law or the Certificate of Incorporation.
ARTICLE VII
AMENDMENTS
Section 7.01 Amendments. These by-laws may be adopted, amended, or repealed or new by-laws adopted by the Board of Directors. The stockholders may make additional by-laws and may adopt, amend, or repeal any by-laws whether such by-laws were originally adopted by them or otherwise.
| Adopted by Sole Director effective June 1, 2022 | ||
| /s/ Geoff Dow | ||
| Secretary |
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Exhibit 10.1
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of May 19, 2022, by and between 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”), and each lender party that executes the signature page hereto as a purchaser (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”).
WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of Section 5 of the Securities Act, as defined, contained in Section 4(a)(2) thereof and/or Rule 506(b) thereunder, the Company desires to issue and sell to the Purchaser, and the Purchaser desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Purchaser agree as follows:
ARTICLE I.
DEFINITIONS
1.1 Definitions. In addition to the words and terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:
“Acquiring Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.5. “Action” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.10.
“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Notes pursuant to Section 2.1.
“Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchaser’s obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities to be issued and sold, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the second Trading Day following the date hereof.
“Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.19.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock, restricted stock units or options, and the underlying shares of Common Stock to consultants, employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non- employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities issuable pursuant to existing agreements, exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with stock dividends, stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities, (c) securities issued pursuant, acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the directors of the Company, provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equity holders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and which shall reasonably be expected to provide to the Company additional benefits, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities, (d) securities issued pursuant to any purchase money equipment loan or capital leasing arrangement, purchasing agent or debt financing from a commercial bank or similar financial institution, (e) securities issued pursuant to any presently outstanding warrants or this Agreement; and (f) securities upon a stock split, stock dividend or subdivision of the Common Stock and shares of common stock in a public offering;
(g) non-convertible loans from traditional commercials banks with interest per annum not to exceed 12% which will rank pari passu with the Notes issued to investors by the Company.
“Face Value” means the Subscription Amount plus original issue discount as described in the Notes.
“FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
“GAAP” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.8.
“Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.27.
“Intellectual Property” means all of the following in any jurisdiction throughout the world: (a) all inventions (whether patentable or unpatentable and whether or not reduced to practice), all improvements thereto, and all U.S. and foreign patents, patent applications, and patent disclosures, together with all reissuances, continuations, continuations-in-part, revisions, extensions, and reexaminations thereof, (b) all trademarks, service marks, brand names, certification marks, trade dress, logos, trade names, domain names, assumed names and corporate names, together with all colorable imitations thereof, and including all goodwill associated therewith, and all applications, registrations, and renewals in connection therewith, (c) all copyrights, and all applications, registrations, and renewals in connection therewith, (d) all trade secrets under applicable state laws and the common law and know-how (including formulas, techniques, technical data, designs, drawings, specifications, customer and supplier lists, pricing and cost information, and business and marketing plans and proposals), (e) all computer software (including source code, object code, diagrams, data and related documentation), and (f) all copies and tangible embodiments of the foregoing (in whatever form or medium).
“IPO” shall mean an initial public offering by the Company that results in a listing of the Company’s Common Stock on a national securities exchange.
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“Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement” means all licenses, sublicenses, agreements and permissions (each as amended to date) that any third party owns and that the Company uses, including off- the-shelf software purchased or licensed by the Company.
“Liens” means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.
“Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1.
“Notes” means the Original Issue Discount Convertible Promissory Notes issued to the Purchaser, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.
“Note Conversion Price” means the Note Conversion Price provided in the Note.
“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of the Notes, regardless of any transfers of any Note and regardless of the number of instruments which may be issued to evidence such Notes.
“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.
“Purchaser Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.8. “Registrable Securities” shall mean, collectively, the Shares and the Warrant Shares.
“Regulation FD” means Regulation FD promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act, as such Regulation may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Regulation
“Required Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.4.
“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. “Securities” means the Notes, the Warrants and the Shares.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Shares” means the Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes.
“Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock).
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“Subscription Amount” means, as to the Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Note purchased hereunder as specified below the Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.
“Subsidiary” means with respect to any entity at any date, any direct or indirect corporation, limited or general partnership, limited liability company, trust, estate, association, joint venture or other business entity of which (A) more than 50% of (i) the outstanding capital stock having (in the absence of contingencies) ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the Board of Directors or other managing body of such entity, (ii) in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, the interest in the capital or profits of such partnership or limited liability company or (iii) in the case of a trust, estate, association, joint venture or other entity, the beneficial interest in such trust, estate, association or other entity business is, at the time of determination, owned or controlled directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, by such entity, or (B) is under the actual control of the Company.
“Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.
“Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange, the OTCQB, the OTCQX, or the OTC Pink Marketplace (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Notes, the Warrants, and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder, including, but not limited to, the documents referenced in Section 2.2(a).
“Transfer Agent” means Equity Transfer, LLC with a mailing address of 18 Lafayette Place, Woodmere, NY 11598, and a facsimile number of (646) 536-3179, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“Variable Rate Transaction” means any Equity Line of Credit or similar agreement, nor issue nor agree to issue any Common Stock, floating or Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments nor any of the foregoing or equity with price reset rights (subject to adjustment for stock splits, distributions, dividends, recapitalizations and the like) (collectively, the “Variable Rate Transaction”). For purposes of this Agreement, “Equity Line of Credit” shall include any transaction involving a written agreement between the Company and an investor or underwriter whereby the Company has the right to “put” its securities to the investor or underwriter over an agreed period of time and at an agreed price or price formula, and “Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments” shall include: (A) any debt or equity securities which are convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or carry the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock either (1) at any conversion, exercise or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security, or (2) with a fixed conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security due to a change in the market price of the Company’s Common Stock since date of initial issuance, and (B) any amortizing convertible security which amortizes prior to its maturity date, where the Company is required or has the option to (or any investor in such transaction has the option to require the Company to) make such amortization payments in shares of Common Stock which are valued at a price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security (whether or not such payments in stock are subject to certain equity conditions). For purposes of determining the total consideration for a convertible instrument (including a right to purchase equity of the Company) issued, subject to an original issue or similar discount or which principal amount is directly or indirectly increased after issuance, the consideration will be deemed to be the actual cash amount received by the Company in consideration of the original issuance of such convertible instrument.
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“Warrants” means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and have a term of exercise equal to five years from such initial exercise date, in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.
“Warrant Exercise Price” means the exercise price provided in the Warrant.
“Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants at the Warrant Exercise Price.
ARTICLE II.
PURCHASE AND
SALE
2.1 Closing. On the Closing Dates, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase an aggregate of (i) Notes with a Face Value listed on the Purchaser’s signature page and (ii) Warrants to purchase shares equal to 100% of the Shares issuable upon conversion of the Note at a price equal to 110% of the IPO price or, if the Company fails to complete the IPO before May 31, 2023, 90% of the IPO price. On the Closing Date, the Purchaser shall deliver to the Company a signed copy of the Transaction Documents and, via wire transfer, immediately available funds equal to the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount. After receipt of the Subscription Amount, the Company shall deliver to the Purchaser countersigned copies of the Transaction Documents. Upon satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in Section 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the Company’s offices or such other location as the parties shall mutually agree.
2.2 Deliveries.
(a) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Purchaser the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;
(ii) a Note in the principal amount of $44,444, convertible at the Note Conversion Price, registered in the name of the Purchaser;
(iii) an original Warrant to purchase <WARRANT SHARES> shares of Common Stock, exercisable at the Warrant Exercise Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;
(iv) a Board Consent approving the issuance of the Notes and the execution of the Transaction Documents listed above on behalf of the Company.
(b) On or prior to the Closing Date each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:
| (i) | this Agreement duly executed by the Purchaser; and |
| (ii) | the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the Company. |
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2.3 Closing Conditions.
(a) The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchaser contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed; and
(iii) the delivery by the Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.
(b) The respective obligations of the Purchaser hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
(iii) the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement; and
(iv) there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof.
ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF COMPANY
The Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser as of the date hereof:
3.1 Organization and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or Articles of Incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.
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3.2 Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. Subject to obtaining the Required Approvals, this Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
3.3 No Conflicts. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.3, the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and will not (i) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s Certificate or Articles of Incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
3.4 Filings, Consents and Approvals. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.4, the Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) blue sky filings or a Form D filing and (ii) such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (the “Required Approvals”).
3.5 Issuance of the Securities. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Shares, when issued upon conversion of the Notes will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company shall reserve from its duly authorized capital stock a number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Notes and Warrants.
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3.6 Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company is as set forth on Schedule 3.6. The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock awards under the Company’s equity incentive plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.6, as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchaser) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under any of such securities. There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders’ agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.
3.7 Subsidiaries. All of the direct and indirect Subsidiaries of the Company are set forth in Schedule 3.7. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
3.8 Financial Statements. The consolidated financial statements of the Company, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company for the periods specified and have been prepared in compliance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved.
3.9 Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest financial statements: (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company equity incentive plans. Other than as disclosed on Schedule 3.9, except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.
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3.10 Litigation. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.10, there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation, inquiry or other similar proceeding of any federal or state government unit pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the issuance of the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no reason to believe that an Action will be filed against it in the future except as disclosed on Schedule 3.10. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim for fraud or breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation or inquiry by the SEC involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The SEC has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Securities Act, and the Company has no reason to believe it will do so in the future.
3.11 Labor Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no effort is underway to unionize or organize the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no workmen’s compensation liability matter, employment-related charge, complaint, grievance, investigation, inquiry or obligation of any kind pending, or to the Company’s knowledge, threatened, relating to an alleged violation or breach by the Company or its Subsidiaries of any law, regulation or contract that could, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
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3.12 Compliance. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.12, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
3.13 Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
3.14 Regulatory Permits. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to possess such certificates, authorizations or permits would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit. There is no agreement, commitment, judgment, injunction, order or decree binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party which has or would reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or materially impairing any business practice of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any acquisition of property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the conduct of business by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as currently conducted other than such effects, individually or in the aggregate, which have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
3.15 Title to Assets. Subject to the Liens of the outstanding secured senior debt, the Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries. The Company owns no real property. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.
3.16 Intellectual Property.
(i) Subject to the Liens of the outstanding secured senior debt, to the Company’s knowledge, the Company owns or possesses or has the right to use pursuant to a valid and enforceable written license, sublicense, agreement, or permission all Intellectual Property necessary for the operation of the business of the Company as presently conducted.
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(ii) To the Company’s knowledge, the Intellectual Property does not interfere with, infringe upon, misappropriate, or otherwise come into conflict with, any Intellectual Property rights of third parties, and the Company has no knowledge that facts exist which indicate a likelihood of the foregoing. The Company has not received any charge, complaint, claim, demand, or notice alleging any such interference, infringement, misappropriation, or conflict (including any claim that the Company must license or refrain from using any Intellectual Property rights of any third party). To the knowledge of the Company, no third party has interfered with, infringed upon, misappropriated, or otherwise come into conflict with, any Intellectual Property rights of the Company.
| (iii) | With respect to each Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement: |
(A) The Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement is legal, valid, binding, enforceable, and in full force and effect;
(B) To the Company’s knowledge, no party to the Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement is in breach or default, and no event has occurred that with notice or lapse of time would constitute a breach or default or permit termination, modification, or acceleration thereunder, which as to any such breach, default or event could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company;
(C) No party to such Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement has repudiated any provision thereof;
(D) Except as set forth in such Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement, the Company has not received written or verbal notice or otherwise has knowledge that the underlying item of Intellectual Property is subject to any outstanding injunction, judgment, order, decree, ruling, or charge; and
(E) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.16, the Company has not granted any sublicense or similar right with respect to the license, sublicense, agreement, or permission.
(iv) The Company has complied with and is presently in compliance with all foreign, federal, state, local, governmental (including, but not limited to, the Federal Trade Commission and State Attorneys General), administrative, or regulatory laws, regulations, guidelines, and rules applicable to any personal identifiable information.
(v) Each Person who participated in the creation, conception, invention or development of the Intellectual Property currently used in the business of the Company (each, a “Developer”) which is not licensed from third parties has executed one or more agreements containing industry standard confidentiality, work for hire and assignment provisions, whereby the Developer has assigned to the Company all copyrights, patent rights, Intellectual Property rights and other rights in the Intellectual Property, including all rights in the Intellectual Property that existed prior to the assignment of rights by such Person to the Company.
| (vi) | Each Developer has signed a perpetual non-disclosure agreement with the Company. |
3.17 Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.
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3.18 Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.18, none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock award agreements under any equity incentive plan of the Company.
3.19 Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls. Except as disclosed in the Schedule 3.19, the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
3.20 Certain Fees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.20, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchaser shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due by the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
3.21 Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
3.22 Registration Rights. Except as disclosed on Schedule 3.22, no Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
3.23 Listing and Maintenance Requirements; Shell Company. The Company’s Common Stock is not quoted or listed on any Trading Market. The Company is not and has never been a shell company as such term is defined in Rule 12(b)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.
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3.24 Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchaser as a result of the Purchaser and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchaser’s ownership of the Securities.
3.25 Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Purchaser or its agent or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed on Schedule 3.25. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchaser will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchaser regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the 12 months preceding the date of this Agreement do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Article IV hereof.
3.26 No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Article IV, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable stockholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.
3.27 Solvency. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (ii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.27 sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $100,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $100,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.27, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
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3.28 Tax Status. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns which have been required to be filed and paid all taxes shown thereon through the date hereof, to the extent that such taxes have become due and are not being contested in good faith, except where the failure to so file or pay would not have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 3.28, no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which has had, or would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any federal, state or other governmental tax deficiency, penalty or assessment which has been or might be asserted or threatened against it which would have a Material Adverse Effect
3.29 Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated any provision of FCPA.
3.30 Acknowledgment Regarding Purchaser’s Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchaser’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.
3.31 Acknowledgement Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or elsewhere to the contrary (except for Sections 4.7 and 5.12 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) the Purchaser has not been asked by the Company to agree, nor has the Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which the Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the Common Stock, and (iv) the Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) the Purchaser may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.
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3.32 Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.
3.33 Private Placement. Assuming the accuracy of each Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Article IV, no registration under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Notes or the Shares issuable upon conversion thereof by the Company to the Purchasers as contemplated hereby.
3.34 No General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any form of general solicitation or general advertising. The Company offered the Securities for sale only to the Purchaser and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.
3.35 No Disqualification Events. With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506(b) under the Securities Act, none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale, nor any Person, including a placement agent, who will receive a commission or fees for soliciting purchasers (each, an “Issuer Covered Person” and, together, “Issuer Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Purchaser a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.
3.36 Notice of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Purchaser in writing, prior to the Closing Date of (i) any Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, reasonably be expected to become a Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person, in each case of which it is aware.
3.37 Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
3.38 U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.
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3.39 Bank Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.
3.40 Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.
ARTICLE IV.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PURCHASERS
4.1 Representations and Warranties of the Purchaser. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein):
4.2 Organization; Authority. The Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and performance by the Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of the Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by the Purchaser, and when delivered by the Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of the Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
4.3 Understandings or Arrangements. The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. The Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring such Securities as principal for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell such Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws).
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4.4 Purchaser Status. At the time the Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, an accredited investor within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act. The Purchaser is not subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3).
4.5 Experience of the Purchaser. The Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. The Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
4.6 Access to Information. The Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and has been afforded, subject to Regulation FD, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment; provided, however, that the Purchaser has not requested nor been provided by the Company with any non-public information regarding the Company, its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects. The Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Company nor anyone else has provided the Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired.
4.7 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, the Purchaser has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with the Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that the Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to the Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, the Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
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The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Article 4 shall not modify, amend or affect the Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby.
ARTICLE V.
OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
5.1 Removal of Legends.
The Shares, the Warrants and Warrant Shares may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of the Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser or in connection with a pledge as contemplated in Section 5.1(b), the Company may require the transferor to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company at the cost of the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares under the Securities Act.
(a) Each Purchaser agrees to the imprinting, so long as is required by this Section 5.1, of a legend on any of the Shares, the Warrants or Warrant Shares in the following form:
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
(b) The Company acknowledges and agrees that a Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a registered broker-dealer or grant a security interest in some or all of the Shares or Warrant Shares to a financial institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and who agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, such Purchaser may transfer pledged or secured Shares or Warrant Shares to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith. Further, no notice shall be required of such pledge. At the appropriate Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Shares and Warrant Shares may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Shares or Warrant Shares.
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(c) Certificates evidencing the Shares and the Warrant Shares (or the Transfer Agent’s records if held in book entry form) shall not contain any legend (including the legend set forth in Section 5.1(a) hereof): (i) while a registration statement covering the resale of such securities is effective under the Securities Act (the “Effective Date”), (ii) following any sale of such Shares or Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144, (iii) if such Shares or Warrant Shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares or Warrant Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or (iv) if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including Sections 4(a)(1) and 4(a)(7) judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the SEC). The Company shall, if any of the provisions in clause (i) –(iv) above are applicable, at its expense, cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent promptly after the Effective Date if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend hereunder. If all or any portion of a Note is converted or a Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the resale of the Shares or the Warrant Shares, or if such Shares or Warrant Shares may be sold under Rule 144 and the Company is then in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144, or if the Shares or Warrant Shares may be sold under Rule 144 without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares or Warrant Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or if such legend is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including Sections 4(a)(1) and 4(a)(7), judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the SEC) then such Shares or Warrant Shares shall be issued or reissued free of all legends. The Company agrees that following the effective date of any registration statement or at such time as such legend is no longer required under this Section 5.1(c), it will, no later than two Trading Days following the delivery by a Purchaser to the Company or the Transfer Agent of a certificate representing restricted Shares or Warrant Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend (such second Trading Day, the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to such Purchaser a certificate representing such Shares or Warrant Shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 5.1. Certificates for Shares or Warrant Shares subject to legend removal hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchaser by crediting the account of the Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company system as directed by such Purchaser. The Company shall be responsible for any delays caused by its Transfer Agent.
(d) In addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, (i) the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of the principal amount of the Notes being converted or the value of the Warrant Shares for which a Warrant is being exercised (based on the Warrant Exercise Price), $20 per Trading Day for each Trading Day after the Legend Removal Date (increasing to $20 per Trading Day after the fifth Trading Day) until such certificate is delivered without a legend. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Company’s failure to deliver certificates representing any Securities as required by the Transaction Documents, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief, and (ii) if after the Legend Removal Date such Purchaser purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Purchaser of all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock, or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock that such Purchaser anticipated receiving from the Company without any restrictive legend, then, the Company shall pay to such Purchaser, in cash, an amount equal to the excess of such Purchaser’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of- pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) (the “Buy-In Price”) over the product of (A) such number of Shares or Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to such Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date multiplied by (B) the highest closing sale price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the delivery by such Purchaser to the Company of the applicable Shares or Warrant Shares (as the case may be) and ending on the date of such delivery and payment under this Section 5.1(d).
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(e) In the event a Purchaser shall request delivery of unlegended shares as described in this Section 5.1 and the Company is required to deliver such unlegended shares, (i) it shall pay all fees and expenses associated with or required by the legend removal and/or transfer including but not limited to legal fees, Transfer Agent fees and overnight delivery charges and taxes, if any, imposed by any applicable government upon the issuance of Common Stock; and (ii) the Company may not refuse to deliver unlegended shares based on any claim that such Purchaser or anyone associated or affiliated with such Purchaser has not complied with Purchaser’s obligations under the Transaction Documents, or for any other reason, unless, an injunction or temporary restraining order from a court, on notice, restraining and or enjoining delivery of such unlegended shares shall have been sought and obtained by the Company and the Company has posted a surety bond for the benefit of such Purchaser in the amount of the greater of (i) 150% of the amount of the aggregate purchase price of the Shares (based on amount of principal and/or interest of the Note which was converted) and Warrant Shares (based on exercise price in effect upon exercise) which is subject to the injunction or temporary restraining order, or (ii) the VWAP of the Common Stock on the Trading Day before the issue date of the injunction multiplied by the number of unlegended shares to be subject to the injunction, which bond shall remain in effect until the completion of the litigation of the dispute and the proceeds of which shall be payable to such Purchaser to the extent Purchaser obtains judgment in Purchaser’s favor.
5.2 Furnishing of Information.
(a) Until the earliest of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Shares and Warrant Shares or (ii) the Warrants have expired, the Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.
(b) At any time during the period commencing from the six month anniversary of the date hereof and ending at such time on the earlier to occur that the Warrants are not outstanding, terminated or that all of the Warrant Shares (assuming cashless exercise) may be sold without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144, if the Company (i) shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) for a period of more than 30 consecutive days or (ii) has ever been an issuer described in Rule 144(i)(1)(i) or becomes an issuer in the future, and the Company shall fail to satisfy any condition set forth in Rule 144(i)(2) for a period of more than 30 consecutive days (a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason of any such delay in or reduction of its ability to sell the Shares and/or Warrant Shares, an amount in cash equal to two percent of the aggregate Note Conversion Price of such Purchaser’s Note(s) and/or Warrant Exercise Price of such Purchaser’s Warrants on the day of a Public Information Failure and on every 30th day (pro-rated for periods totaling less than thirty days) thereafter until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information Failure is cured and (b) such time that such public information is no longer required for the Purchasers to transfer the Shares and/or Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144. Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the earlier of (i) the last day of the calendar month during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii) the second Trading Day after the event or failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure payments is cured. In the event the Company fails to make Public Information Failure payments in a timely manner, such Public Information Failure payments shall bear interest at the rate of one and one-half percent per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Public Information Failure, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.
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5.3 Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require stockholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.
5.4 Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the SEC or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of the Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the SEC and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchaser with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b).
5.5 Stockholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchaser.
5.6 Non-Public Information. When the Company’s Common Stock is quoted or listed on a Trading Market, to the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document or any other communications made by the Company, or information provided, to the Purchaser constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice or other material information with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. In addition to any other remedies provided by this Agreement or other Transaction Documents, if the Company knowingly provides any material, non- public information to the Purchasers without their prior written consent, and it fails to immediately (no later than that Trading Day) file a Form 8-K, once it is required to do so, disclosing this material, non-public information, it shall pay the Purchasers as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty a sum equal to
$1,000 per day for each $100,000 of each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount beginning with the day the information is disclosed to the Purchaser and ending and including the day the Form 8-K disclosing this information is filed.
5.7 Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder for working capital purposes, and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any Indebtedness as defined in the Note, (b) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations, or (d) to lend money, give credit, or make advances to any officers, directors, employees or affiliates of the Company.
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5.8 Indemnification of Purchaser.
Subject to the provisions of this Section 5.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors, officers, stockholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls the Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, stockholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation (including local counsel, if retained) that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents, (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which constitutes fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or malfeasance) or (c) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any registration statement, any prospectus or any form of prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any prospectus or supplement thereto, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading. If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel (in addition to local counsel, if retained). The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The Purchaser Parties shall have the right to settle any action against any of them by the payment of money provided that they cannot agree to any equitable relief and the Company, its officers, directors and Affiliates receive unconditional releases in customary form. The indemnification required by this Section 5.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.
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5.9 Settlement Without Consent if Failure to Reimburse. If an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for reasonable fees and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by Section 5.8 effected without its written consent if (1) such settlement is entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request, (2) such indemnifying party shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at least 30 days prior to such settlement being entered into and (3) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement.
5.10 Listing of Common Stock. The Company agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any Trading Market, it will then include in such application all of the Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.
5.11 Senior Debt. The Company shall not issue any new indebtedness which is senior in rank to the Notes while the Notes are outstanding.
5.12 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. The Purchaser covenants that neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release. Each Purchaser covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release, the Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules. Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.
5.13 Conversion Procedures. The forms of Conversion Notice included in the Notes set forth the totality of the procedures required of the Purchaser to exercise the Notes. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Purchaser to convert their Note. Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Conversion Notice shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Conversion Notice form be required to convert the Notes. The Company shall honor conversions of the Notes and shall deliver Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents.
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5.14 DTC Program. For so long as any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company will employ as the Transfer Agent for the Common Stock and Shares a participant in the Depository Trust Company Automated Securities Transfer Program and cause the Common Stock to be transferable pursuant to such program.
5.15 Maintenance of Property. The Company shall keep all of its property necessary for the operations of its business, which is necessary or useful to the conduct of its business, in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted.
5.16 Preservation of Corporate Existence. The Company shall preserve and maintain its corporate existence, rights, privileges and franchises in the jurisdiction of its incorporation, and qualify and remain qualified, as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary in view of its business or operations and where the failure to qualify or remain qualified might reasonably have a Material Adverse Effect upon the financial condition, business or operations of the Company taken as a whole.
5.17 No Registration of Securities on Form S-1. Other than the registration rights provided hereunder, for the initial six months the Notes are outstanding, the Company will not file any registration statements on Form S-1. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing shall not prevent the Company from filing a Registration Statement on Form S-8 with respect to equity compensation plans.
5.18 Variable Rate Transactions. While any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company shall be prohibited from entering a Variable Rate Transaction without the prior consent of the holders of more than 50% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes.
5.19 Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement.
(a) With respect to the Shares and Warrant Shares, the Company shall:
(1) With the next Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed by the Company, include the Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement and use its best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective and remain effective as provided herein.
(2) Prepare and file with the SEC such amendments, including post-effective amendments, to the Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement continuously effective as to the applicable Registrable Securities until such time as all of the Registerable Securities have been sold by the Holder or he is eligible to otherwise remove the restrictive legend and effect a sale other than through the Registration Statement.
(3) Use its best efforts to avoid the issuance of, or, if issued, obtain the withdrawal of, (i) any order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or (ii) any suspension of the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any U.S. jurisdiction, at the earliest practicable moment.
(4) Furnish to the Holder, without charge, at least one conformed copy of each Registration Statement and each amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules, all documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference, and all exhibits to the extent requested by the Holder (including those previously furnished or incorporated by reference) promptly after the filing of such documents with the SEC.
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(b) The Purchaser agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Company, the Purchaser shall not, during the period ending 90 days after the date of the prospectus filed with the SEC in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-1 described in Section 5.19(a): (1) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Registrable Securities or (2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Registrable Securities.
ARTICLE IV.
MISCELLANEOUS
6.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated by the Purchaser by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before June 30, 2022; provided, however, that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).
6.2 Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth below and in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchaser.
6.3 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.
6.4 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered by email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. ( Eastern Standard or Daylight Savings Time, as applicable) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second Trading Day following the date of transmission, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight delivery service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall, if the Company’s Common Stock is quoted or listed on a Trading Market, simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K, or which failure to do so will subject the Company to the liquidated damages provided for in Article 5.
6.5 Amendments; Waivers. Except as provided in the last sentence of this Section 6.5, no provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and a majority in interest of the outstanding balance of the Note or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right. Any amendment effected in accordance with accordance with this Section 6.5 shall be binding upon the Purchaser and holder of Securities and the Company.
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6.6 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
6.7 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser. Each Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the Purchaser.
6.8 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 6.7 and this Section 6.8.
6.9 Governing Law; Exclusive Jurisdiction; Attorneys’ Fees. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, stockholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the New York County, New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the New York County, New York for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Agreement, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
6.10 Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
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6.11 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf' format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf' signature page were an original thereof.
6.12 Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
6.13 Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then that Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that in the case of a rescission of an conversion of a Note, the Purchaser shall be required to return any Shares subject to any such rescinded Conversion Notice concurrently with the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to the Purchaser’s Note.
6.14 Replacement of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction without requiring the posting of any bond.
6.15 Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each Purchaser and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.
6.16 Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
| 27 | Securities Purchase Agreement |
6.17 Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.
6.18 Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.
6.19 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
6.20 Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.
6.21 Waiver of jury trial. In any action, suit, or proceeding in any jurisdiction brought by any party against any other party, the parties each knowingly and intentionally, to the greatest extent permitted by applicable law, hereby absolutely, unconditionally, irrevocably and expressly waive forever trial by jury.
6.22 Non-Circumvention. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Company will not, by amendment of its Articles of Incorporation, including any Certificates of Designation, or Bylaws or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution, issue or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Agreement, and will at all times in good faith carry out all of the provision of this Agreement and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of all holders of the Securities. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing or any other provision of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, the Company (a) shall not increase the par value of any Shares issuable upon conversion of the Notes above the Note Conversion Price then in effect and (b) shall take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Shares upon the conversion of the Notes. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if after 180 days from the original issuance date, the Purchasers are not permitted to convert the Note, in full, for any reason, subject to the Purchaser’s compliance with Rule 144 the Company shall use its best efforts to promptly remedy such failure, including, without limitation, obtaining such consent or approvals as necessary to permit such conversion or exercise.
(Signature Pages Follow)
| 28 | Securities Purchase Agreement |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties here to have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| Address for Notice: | |||
| By: | |||
| Name:Tyrone Miller | |||
| Title: Chief Financial Officer |
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]
PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGE TO
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| Name of Purchaser: Geoffrey Dow | |
| Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: |
Name of Authorized Signatory: Geoffrey Dow
Title of Authorized Signatory: Dr.
Email Address of Authorized Signatory
Facsimile Number of Authorized Signatory:NA
Address for Notice to Purchaser:
Address for Delivery of Securities to Purchaser (if not same as address for notice):
Face Value_$44,444
Subscription Amount: __________________
SS Number:
Purchaser Signature Page
Exhibit 10.2
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES FOR WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
Warrant Shares: <WARRANT SHARES>
Initial Exercise Date: May 19, 2022
THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, Geoffrey Dow., or its assigns (the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after the date hereof (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to the close of business on the fifth year anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”), up to <WARRANT SHARES> shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”). The purchase price of one Warrant Share under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b). This Warrant issued pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) entered into as of the Initial Exercise Date between the Company and the initial Holder.
Section 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated May 19th, 2022 among the Company and the Purchasers.
Section 2. Exercise.
(a) Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice in writing to the registered Holder at the address of the Holder appearing on the books of the Company) of a duly executed copy of the Notice of Exercise Form annexed hereto. Within two Trading Days following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank, unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary (although the Holder may surrender the Warrant to, and receive a replacement Warrant from, the Company), the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within two Trading Days of the date the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise Form within one Trading Day of delivery of such notice. The Holder by acceptance of this Warrant or any transferee, acknowledges and agrees that, by reason of the provisions of this Section 2(a), following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
(b) Exercise Price. The initial exercise price per share of the Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to 110% of the IPO (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) price or, if the Company fails to complete the IPO before May 31, 2023, 90% of the IPO price , subject to adjustment under Section 3 (the “Exercise Price”).
(c) Cashless Exercise. Other than as provided for in Section 2(f), if at any time after the six month anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date, there is no effective Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder (or the prospectus does not meet the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act), then this Warrant may also be exercised at the Holder’s election, in whole or in part and in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the Company upon such exercise, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the number obtained by dividing [(A - B) times (C)] by (A), where:
| (A) = | the greater of (i) the arithmetic average of the VWAPs for the five consecutive Trading Days ending on the date immediately preceding the date on which the Holder elects to exercise this Warrant by means of a “cashless exercise,” as set forth in the applicable Notice of Exercise or (ii) the VWAP for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date on which the Holder makes such “cashless exercise” election; |
| (B) = | the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder, at the time of such exercise; and |
| (C) = | the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise; |
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)) (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), (b) if no volume weighted average price of the Common Stock is reported for the Trading Market, the most recent reported bid price per share of the Common Stock, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
If Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the characteristics of the Warrants being exercised, and the holding period of the Warrants being exercised may be tacked on to the holding period of the Warrant Shares. The Company agrees not to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
| 2 | Warrant |
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if on the Termination Date (unless the Holder notifies the Company otherwise) if there is no effective Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder, then this Warrant shall be automatically exercised via cashless exercise pursuant to this Section 2(c).
(d) Mechanics of Exercise.
(i) Delivery of Certificates Upon Exercise. Certificates for the shares of Common Stock purchased hereunder shall be transmitted to the Holder by the Transfer Agent by crediting the account of the Holder’s prime broker with The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise and Rule 144 is available, or otherwise by physical delivery to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is two Trading Days after the latest of (A) the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and (B) payment of the aggregate Exercise Price as set forth above (unless by cashless exercise, if permitted) (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”). The Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have been issued, and Holder or any other person so designated to be named therein shall be deemed to have become a holder of record of such shares for all purposes, as of the date the Warrant has been exercised, with payment to the Company of the Exercise Price (or by cashless exercise, if permitted). The Company understands that a delay in the delivery of the Warrant Shares after the Warrant Share Delivery Date could result in economic loss to the Holder. As compensation to the Holder for such loss, the Company agrees to pay (as liquidated damages and not as a penalty) to the Holder for late issuance of Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant the proportionate amount of $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day after the fifth Trading Day) after the Warrant Share Delivery Date for each $1,000 of the value of the Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercised (based on the Exercise Price) which are not timely delivered. In no event shall liquidated damages for any one transaction exceed $1,000 for the first 10 Trading Days. Furthermore, in addition to any other remedies which may be available to the Holder, in the event that the Company fails for any reason to effect delivery of the Warrant Shares by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Holder may revoke all or part of the relevant Warrant exercise by delivery of a notice to such effect to the Company, whereupon the Company and the Holder shall each be restored to their respective positions immediately prior to the exercise of the relevant portion of this Warrant, except that the liquidated damages described above shall be payable through the date notice of revocation or rescission is given to the Company or the date the Warrant Shares are delivered to the Holder, whichever date is earlier.
(ii) Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant, at the time of delivery of the certificate or certificates representing Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects be identical to this Warrant. Unless the Warrant has been fully exercised, the Holders shall not be required to surrender this Warrant as a condition of exercise.
(iii) Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to deliver the Warrant Shares or cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder a certificate or the certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right, at any time prior to issuance of such Warrant Shares, to rescind such exercise.
(iv) Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Certificates Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to deliver the Warrant Shares, or cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the certificate or certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall pay in cash to the Holder the amount as provided under Section 4.1(e) of the Purchase Agreement. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
| 3 | Warrant |
(v) No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
(vi) Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of certificates for Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such certificate including any charges of any clearing firm, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such certificates shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise. The Company shall (A) pay the reasonable legal fees of the Holder’s choice (in an amount not to exceed $500 per opinion, and not more often than once per week) in connection with the exercise of the Warrants, (B) cause its attorneys to promptly provide any reliance opinion to the Transfer Agent, and (C) pay the Holder the sums required under Section 2(d)(iv).
(vii) Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
(e) Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Company, may increase the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Warrant, provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply. Any such increase will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The Holder may also decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Warrant at any time, which decrease shall be effectively immediately upon delivery of notice to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
| 4 | Warrant |
Section 3. Certain Adjustments.
(a) Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this Warrant or pursuant to any of the other Transaction Documents), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. If and whenever on or after the Initial Exercise Date, the Company issues or sells, or in accordance with this Section 3 is deemed to have issued or sold, any shares of Common Stock (including the issuance or sale of shares of Common Stock owned or held by or for the account of the Company, issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold) for a consideration per share (the “Base Share Price”) less than a price equal to the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale (such Exercise Price then in effect is referred to herein as the “Applicable Price”) (the foregoing a “Dilutive Issuance”), then immediately after such Dilutive Issuance, the Exercise Price then in effect shall be reduced to an amount equal to the Base Share Price. For all purposes of the foregoing (including, without limitation, determining the adjusted Exercise Price and the Base Share Price under this Section 3(b)), the following shall be applicable:
| 5 | Warrant |
(i) Issuance of Options. If the Company in any manner grants or sells any Options and the lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is at any time issuable upon the exercise of any such Option or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the granting or sale of such Option for such price per share. For purposes of this Section 3(b)(i), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof” shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to any one share of Common Stock upon the granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof and (y) the lowest exercise price set forth in such Option for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Option (or any other Person) upon the granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Option (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock or of such Convertible Securities upon the exercise of such Options or otherwise pursuant to the terms of or upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities.
(ii) Issuance of Convertible Securities. If the Company in any manner issues or sells any Convertible Securities and the lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is at any time issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities for such price per share. For the purposes of this Section 3(b)(ii), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof” shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to one share of Common Stock upon the issuance or sale of the Convertible Security and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Security or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof and (y) the lowest conversion price set forth in such Convertible Security for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person) upon the issuance or sale of such Convertible Security plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof, and if any such issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities is made upon exercise of any Options for which adjustment of this Warrant has been or is to be made pursuant to other provisions of this Section 3(b), except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made by reason of such issuance or sale.
| 6 | Warrant |
(iii) Change in Option Price or Rate of Conversion. “Convertible Securities” means any stock or other security (other than Options) that is at any time and under any circumstances, directly or indirectly, convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or which otherwise entitles the holder thereof to acquire, any shares of Common Stock. If the purchase or exercise price provided for in any Options, the additional consideration, if any, payable upon the issue, conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities, or the rate at which any Convertible Securities are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock increases or decreases at any time (other than proportional changes in conversion or exercise prices, as applicable, in connection with an event referred to in Section 3(a)), the Exercise Price in effect at the time of such increase or decrease shall be adjusted to the Exercise Price which would have been in effect at such time had such Options or Convertible Securities provided for such increased or decreased purchase price, additional consideration or increased or decreased conversion rate, as the case may be, at the time initially granted, issued or sold. For purposes of this Section 3(b)(iii), if the terms of any Option or Convertible Security that was outstanding as of the Closing Date are increased or decreased in the manner described in the immediately preceding sentence, then such Option or Convertible Security and the shares of Common Stock deemed issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange thereof shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of such increase or decrease. No adjustment pursuant to this Section 3(b) shall be made if such adjustment would result in an increase of the Exercise Price then in effect.
(iv) Calculation of Consideration Received. If any Option is issued in connection with the issuance or sale of any other securities of the Company together comprising one integrated transaction in which no specific consideration is allocated to such Option by the parties thereto, the Options will be deemed to have been issued for a consideration of par value of the Company’s Common Stock. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the consideration received therefor will be deemed to be the net amount of consideration received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company for such securities will be the arithmetic average of the VWAPs of such security for each of the five Trading Days immediately preceding the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities. The fair value of any consideration other than cash or publicly traded securities will be determined jointly by the Company and the Holder. If such parties are unable to reach agreement within 10 days after the occurrence of an event requiring valuation (the “Valuation Event”), the fair value of such consideration will be determined within five Trading Days after the 10th day following such Valuation Event by an independent, reputable appraiser jointly selected by the Company and the Holder. The determination of such appraiser shall be final and binding upon all parties absent manifest error. If such appraiser’s valuation differs by less than 5% from the Company’s proposed valuation, the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall be borne by the Holder, and if such appraiser’s valuation differs by more than 5% from the Company’s proposed valuation, the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall be borne by the Company.
(v) Record Date. If the Company takes a record of the holders of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of entitling them (A) to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in shares of Common Stock, Options or in Convertible Securities or (B) to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities, then such record date will be deemed to be the date of the issuance or sale of the shares of Common Stock deemed to have been issued or sold upon the declaration of such dividend or the making of such other distribution or the date of the granting of such right of subscription or purchase (as the case may be).
| 7 | Warrant |
(vi) Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 3(b) shall not apply to any Exempt Issuances.
(c) Full Ratchet Increase in Warrant Shares. Until the Notes are no longer outstanding, whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted under Section 3(b), the number of Warrant Shares shall be increased on a full ratchet basis to the number of shares of Common Stock determined by multiplying the Exercise Price then in effect immediately prior to such adjustment by the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant immediately prior to such adjustment and dividing the product thereof by the Exercise Price resulting from such adjustment. By way of example, if E is the total number of Warrant Shares in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance, F is the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance, and G is the Dilutive Issuance Price, the adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares can be expressed in the following formula: Total number of Warrant Shares after such Dilutive Issuance = the number obtained from dividing [E x F] by G. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Exercise Price is being adjusted as a result of a sale of securities, this Section 3(c) shall NOT apply if the Holder is offered the right to participate (in an amount not to exceed $50,000 unless agreed to by the Holder and the Company) and does not participate.
(d) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Purchase Rights will be made under this Section 3(d) in respect of an Exempt Issuance.
(e) Pro Rata Distributions. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, shall distribute to all holders of Common Stock (and not to the Holder) evidences of its indebtedness or assets (including cash and cash dividends) or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security other than the Common Stock (which shall be subject to Section 3(d)), then in each such case the Exercise Price shall be adjusted by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the record date fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the VWAP determined as of the record date mentioned above, and of which the numerator shall be such VWAP on such record date less the then per share fair market value at such record date of the portion of such assets or evidence of indebtedness so distributed applicable to one outstanding share of the Common Stock as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith. In either case the adjustments shall be described in a statement provided to the Holder of the portion of assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed or such subscription rights applicable to one share of Common Stock. Such adjustment shall be made whenever any such distribution is made and shall become effective immediately after the record date mentioned above.
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(f) Fundamental Transaction.
(i) If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions engages in any Fundamental Transaction, as defined in the Purchase Agreement, then, upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant), at the option of the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall not effect a Fundamental Transaction unless it gives the Holder at least 10 Trading Days prior notice together with sufficient details so the Holder can make an informed decision as to whether it elects to accept the Alternative Consideration. If a public announcement of the Fundamental Transaction has not been made, the notice to the Holder may not be given until the Company files a Form 8-K or other report disclosing the Fundamental Transaction.
(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction, provided that the Warrant Shares are not registered under an effective registration statement, the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, exercisable at any time concurrently with, or within 30 days after, the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction or (ii) the positive difference between the cash per share paid in such Fundamental Transaction minus the then in effect Exercise Price. “Black Scholes Value” means the value of the unexercised portion of this Warrant based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg L.P. determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg L.P. as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date.
| 9 | Warrant |
(iii) If Section 3(f)(i) and (ii) are not applicable, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(f)(iii) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant), and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein.
(g) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
(h) Notice to Holder.
(i) Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly email to the Holder a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment. The Holder may supply an email address to the Company and change such address.
(ii) Notice to Allow Exercise by the Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall deliver to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 5 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to email such notice or any defect therein or in the emailing thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Company), the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
| 10 | Warrant |
Section 4. Transfer of Warrant.
(a) Transferability. Subject to compliance with any applicable securities laws and the provisions of the Purchase Agreement, this Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Upon such surrender, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new Holder for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
(b) New Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
(c) Warrant Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.
Section 5. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof other than as explicitly set forth in Section 3.
(b) Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it, and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate. In no event shall the Holder be required to deliver a bond or other security.
(c) Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
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(d) Authorized Shares.
Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its Articles of Incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use best efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
(e) Jurisdiction. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
(f) Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered or if not exercised on a cashless basis when Rule 144 (or any successor law or rule) is available, may have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
(g) Non-waiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of the Holder shall operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision of this Warrant or the Purchase Agreement, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
(h) Notices. Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the Holder by the Company shall be delivered in accordance with the notice provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
(i) Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.
(j) Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate or that there is no irreparable harm and not to require the posting of a bond or other security.
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(k) Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable by the Holder of Warrant Shares.
(l) Amendment. This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company and Holders of 75% of the outstanding Warrants issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
(m) Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.
(n) Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.
[Signature Page Follows]
| 13 | Warrant |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.
| 60 Deg | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | ||
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer |
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
TO: 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC
(1) The undersigned hereby elects to purchase________________Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2) Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
¨ in lawful money of the United States; or
¨ if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3) Please issue a certificate or certificates representing said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
(4) After giving effect to this Notice of Exercise, the undersigned will not have exceeded the Beneficial Ownership Limitation.
The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number or by physical delivery of a certificate to:
SIGNATURE OF HOLDER
| Name of Investing Entity: | |
| Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity: | |
| Name of Authorized Signatory: | |
| Title of Authorized Signatory: | |
| Date: | |
ASSIGNMENT FORM
| (To assign the foregoing warrant, execute | ||
| this form and supply required information. Do | ||
| not use this form to exercise the warrant.) |
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, all of or shares of the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
| whose address is | |
| Dated: , |
| Holder’s Signature: | |||
| Holder’s Address: | |||
| Signature Guaranteed: |
NOTE: The signature to this Assignment Form must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of the Warrant, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever, and must be guaranteed by a bank or trust company. Officers of corporations and those acting in a fiduciary or other representative capacity should file proper evidence of authority to assign the foregoing Warrant.
Exhibit 10.3
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS CONVERTIBLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
Original Issue Date: May 19, 2022
$44,444 Principal and Face Value
$40,000 Purchase Price and Subscription Amount
$4,444 Original Issue Discount
ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT
CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE
THIS ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE is duly authorized and validly issued at a 10% original issue discount by 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a Washington DC limited liability corporation (the “Company”) (the “Note”).
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the Company promises to pay to Geoffrey Dow, or its permitted assigns (the “Holder”), the principal sum of $44,444 on May 31, 2023 (the “Maturity Date”) or such earlier date as this Note is required or permitted to be repaid as provided hereunder, and to pay interest to the Holder on the aggregate unconverted and then outstanding principal amount of this Note in accordance with the provisions hereof. This Note is subject to the following additional provisions:
Section 1. Definitions. For the purposes hereof, (a) capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Purchase Agreement and (b) the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings:
“Alternate Consideration” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e).
“Bankruptcy Event” means any of the following events: (a) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof commences a case or other proceeding under any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment of debt, relief of debtors, dissolution, insolvency or liquidation or similar law of any jurisdiction relating to the Company or any Subsidiary thereof, (b) there is commenced against the Company or any Subsidiary thereof any such case or proceeding that is not dismissed within 60 days after commencement, (c) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof is adjudicated insolvent or bankrupt or any order of relief or other order approving any such case or proceeding is entered, (d) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof suffers any appointment of any custodian or the like for it or any substantial part of its property that is not discharged or stayed within 60 calendar days after such appointment, (e) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, (f) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof calls a meeting of its creditors with a view to arranging a composition, adjustment or restructuring of its debts or (g) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof, by any act or failure to act, expressly indicates its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any of the foregoing or takes any corporate or other action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing.
“Base Conversion Price” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
“Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(f).
“Black Scholes Value” means the value of the outstanding principal amount of this Note, plus all accrued and unpaid interest hereon based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Maturity Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Maturity Date.
“Buy-In” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d)(v).
“Change of Control Transaction” means the occurrence after the date hereof of any of (a) an acquisition after the date hereof by an individual or legal entity or “group” (as described in Rule 13d-5(b)(1) promulgated under the Exchange Act) of effective control (whether through legal or beneficial ownership of capital stock of the Company, by contract or otherwise) of in excess of 50% of the voting securities of the Company (other than by means of conversion, exercise or exchange of this Note or the Warrants issued together with this Note), (b) the Company merges into or consolidates with any other Person, or any Person merges into or consolidates with the Company and, after giving effect to such transaction, the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such transaction own less than 50% of the aggregate voting power of the Company or the successor entity of such transaction, (c) the Company sells or transfers all or substantially all of its assets to another Person, (d) a replacement at one time or within a three year period of more than one-half of the members of the Board of Directors which is not approved by a majority of those individuals who are members of the Board of Directors on the Original Issue Date (or by those individuals who are serving as members of the Board of Directors on any date whose nomination to the Board of Directors was approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors who are members on the date hereof), or (d) the execution by the Company of an agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound, providing for any of the events set forth in clauses (a) through (d) above.
“Conversion” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.
“Conversion Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(a).
“Conversion Price” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(c).
“Conversion Shares” means, collectively, the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Default Interest Rate” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a).
“Dilutive Issuance” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
“Dilutive Issuance Notice” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b)(5).
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“DWAC” means the Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system at The Depository Trust Company.
“Event of Default” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(a).
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Fundamental Transaction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e).
“IPO” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(b).
“Liens” shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
“Note Register” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(c).
“Notice of Conversion” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(a).
“Mandatory Default Amount” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(b).
“Option Value” means the value of a Common Stock Equivalent based on the Black Scholes Option Pricing model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg determined as of (A) the Trading Day prior to the public announcement of the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent, if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, for pricing purposes and reflecting (i) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the remaining term of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent as of the applicable date of determination, (ii) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, (iii) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the highest VWAP of the Common Stock during the period beginning on the Trading Day prior to the execution of definitive documentation relating to the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent and ending on (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of such issuance, if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, (iv) a zero cost of borrow and (v) a 360 day annualization factor.
“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of this Note, regardless of any transfers of this Note and regardless of the number of instruments which may be issued to evidence this Note.
“Permitted Indebtedness” means (a) the indebtedness evidenced by this Note, (b) senior secured non-convertible loans from traditional commercials banks with interest per annum not to exceed 12%, (c) capital lease obligations and purchase money indebtedness incurred in connection with the acquisition of machinery and equipment as long as such capital leases and indebtedness are approved in advance by the Holder and (d) the Indebtedness set forth on Schedule 3.27 to the Purchase Agreement).
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“Permitted Lien” means the individual and collective reference to the following: (a) Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies not yet due or Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings for which adequate reserves (in the good faith judgment of the management of the Company) have been established in accordance with GAAP, (b) Liens imposed by law which were incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, such as carriers’, warehousemen’s and mechanics’ Liens, statutory landlords’ Liens, and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, and which (x) do not individually or in the aggregate materially detract from the value of such property or assets or materially impair the use thereof in the operation of the business of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries or (y) are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, which proceedings have the effect of preventing for the foreseeable future the forfeiture or sale of the property or asset subject to such Lien, (c) Liens incurred in connection with Permitted Indebtedness under clauses (a) through (d) thereunder, and Liens set forth on Schedule 3.1(aa) to the Purchase Agreement.
“Purchase Agreement” means the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of May [*], 2022, among the Company and the original Holders, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with its terms.
“Share Delivery Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d)(ii).
“Successor Entity” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e)(2).
“Transaction Documents” means the Note, the Purchase Agreement and the Warrant.
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)) (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), (b) if no volume weighted average price of the Common Stock is reported for the Trading Market, the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holder and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
Section 2. Interest.
Interest shall accrue to the Holder on the aggregate unconverted and then outstanding principal amount of this Note at the rate of 6% per annum, calculated on the basis of a 360-day year and shall accrue daily commencing on the Original Issue Date until payment in full of the outstanding principal (or conversion to the extent applicable), together with all accrued and unpaid interest, liquidated damages and other amounts which may become due hereunder, has been made. During the existence of an Event of Default, interest shall accrue at the lesser of (i) the rate of 15% per annum, or (ii) the maximum amount permitted by law (the lesser of clause (i) or (ii), the “Default Interest Rate”). Once an Event of Default is cured, the interest rate shall return to 6%.
Section 3. Registration of Transfers and Exchanges.
(a) Different Denominations. This Note is exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of Notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same. No service charge or other fees will be payable for such registration of transfer or exchange.
(b) Investor Representations. This Note has been issued subject to certain investment representations of the original Holder set forth in the Purchase Agreement and may be transferred or exchanged only in compliance with the Purchase Agreement and applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations.
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(c) Reliance on Note Register. Prior to due presentment for transfer to the Company of this Note, the Company and any agent of the Company may treat the Person in whose name this Note is duly registered on the Note Register as the owner hereof for the purpose of receiving payment as herein provided and for all other purposes, whether or not this Note is overdue, and neither the Company nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
Section 4. Conversion.
(a) Voluntary Conversion. After the Original Issue Date until this Note is no longer outstanding, this Note shall be convertible, in whole or in part, at any time, and from time to time, into Conversion Shares at the option of the Holder. The Holder shall effect conversions by delivering to the Company a Notice of Conversion, the form of which is attached hereto as Annex A (each, a “Notice of Conversion”), specifying therein the principal amount of this Note to be converted and the date on which such conversion shall be effected (such date, the “Conversion Date”). If no Conversion Date is specified in a Notice of Conversion, the Conversion Date shall be the date that such Notice of Conversion is deemed delivered hereunder. No ink-original Notice of Conversion shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Conversion form be required. To effect conversions hereunder, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Note to the Company unless the entire principal amount of this Note, plus all accrued and unpaid interest thereon, has been so converted. Conversions hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding principal amount of this Note in an amount equal to the applicable conversion. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the principal amount(s) converted in each conversion, the date of each conversion, and the Conversion Price in effect at the time of each conversion. The Company may deliver an objection to any Notice of Conversion within two Trading Days of delivery of such Notice of Conversion. In the event of any dispute or discrepancy, the records of the Holder shall be controlling and determinative in the absence of manifest error. The Holder, and any assignee by acceptance of this Note, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following conversion of a portion of this Note, the unpaid and unconverted principal amount of this Note may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
(b) Mandatory Conversion. This Note shall convert into Conversion Shares upon the completion of an initial public offering by the Company that results in a listing of the Company’s Common Stock on a national securities exchange (the “IPO”).
(c) Conversion Price. The “Conversion Price” shall be at the lesser of a 20% discount to the IPO price or a $27 million pre-money valuation. All such Conversion Price determinations are to be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, reclassification or similar transaction that proportionately decreases or increases the Common Stock.
(d) Mechanics of Conversion or Prepayment.
(i) Conversion Shares Issuable Upon Conversion of Principal Amount. The number of Conversion Shares issuable upon a conversion hereunder shall be determined by the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the outstanding principal amount of this Note to be converted by (y) the Conversion Price in effect at the time of such conversion.
(ii) Delivery of Certificate Upon Conversion. Not later than two Trading Days after each Conversion Date (the “Share Delivery Date”), the Company shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Holder any certificate or certificates required to be delivered by the Company under this Section 4(d) which shall be free of restrictive legends and trading restrictions except as provided by the Securities Act (other than those which may then be required by the Purchase Agreement) and such shares shall be delivered electronically through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions.
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(iii) Failure to Deliver Conversion Shares. If, in the case of any Notice of Conversion, such Conversion Shares are not delivered to or as directed by the applicable Holder by the Share Delivery Date, the Holder shall be entitled to elect by written notice to the Company at any time on or before its receipt of such Conversion Shares, to rescind such conversion, in which event the Company shall promptly return to the Holder any original Note delivered to the Company.
(iv) Obligation Absolute; Partial Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to issue and deliver the Conversion Shares upon conversion of this Note in accordance with the terms hereof, are absolute and unconditional, irrespective of any action or inaction by the Holder to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to any provision hereof, the recovery of any judgment against any Person or any action to enforce the same, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation or termination, or any breach or alleged breach by the Holder or any other Person of any obligation to the Company or any violation or alleged violation of law by the Holder or any other Person, and irrespective of any other circumstance which might otherwise limit such obligation of the Company to the Holder in connection with the issuance of such Conversion Shares. In the event the Holder of this Note shall elect to convert any or all of the outstanding principal amount hereof, the Company may not refuse conversion based on any claim that the Holder or anyone associated or affiliated with the Holder has been engaged in any violation of law, agreement or for any other reason, unless an injunction from a court, on notice to Holder, restraining and or enjoining conversion of all or part of this Note shall have been sought and obtained, and the Company posts a surety bond for the benefit of the Holder in accordance with Section 5.1(d) of the Purchase Agreement. The exercise of any such rights shall not prohibit the Holder from seeking to collect damages under this Note, the Purchase Agreement or under applicable law.
(v) Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Conversion Shares Upon Conversion. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder such Conversion Shares by the Share Delivery Date pursuant to Section 4(d)(ii), and if after such Share Delivery Date the Holder is required by its brokerage firm to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise), or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Conversion Shares which the Holder was entitled to receive upon the conversion relating to such Share Delivery Date (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall have the remedies provided for in accordance with Section 5.1(d) of the Purchase Agreement. Nothing herein or therein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver Conversion Shares upon conversion of this Note as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
(vi) Fractional Shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the conversion of this Note. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such conversion, the Company shall at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Conversion Price or round up to the next whole share.
(vii) Transfer Taxes and Expenses. The issuance of Conversion Shares on conversion of this Note shall be made without charge to the Holder hereof for any documentary stamp or similar taxes that may be payable in respect of the issue or delivery of such certificates. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Conversion and all fees to the Depository Trust Company (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Conversion Shares.
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(viii) Attorneys’ Fees etc. The Company shall (A) pay the reasonable fees of the law firm of the Holder’s choice (in an amount not to exceed $500 per opinion) in connection with the conversion of the Note, (B) cause its attorneys to promptly provide any reliance opinion to the Transfer Agent, and (C) pay the Holder the sums required under Section 4(d)(iv).
(e) Holder’s Conversion Limitations. The Company shall not effect any conversion of this Note, and a Holder shall not have the right to convert any portion of this Note, to the extent that after giving effect to the conversion set forth on the applicable Notice of Conversion, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which are issuable upon (i) conversion of the remaining, unconverted principal amount of this Note beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the Company subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein (including, without limitation, any other Notes or the Warrants) beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 4(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 4(e) applies, the determination of whether this Note is convertible (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which principal amount of this Note is convertible shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Conversion shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Note may be converted (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and which principal amount of this Note is convertible, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation. To ensure compliance with this restriction, the Holder will be deemed to represent to the Company each time it delivers a Notice of Conversion that such Notice of Conversion has not violated the restrictions set forth in this Section 4(e) and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 4(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, the Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as stated in the most recent of the following: (i) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the SEC, as the case may be, (ii) a more recent public announcement by the Company, or (iii) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Company’s transfer agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within two Trading Days confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Note, by the Holder or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note held by the Holder. The Holder, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Company, may increase the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 4(e) to 9.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon conversion of this Note held by the Holder. In all events, the provisions of this Section 4(e) shall continue to apply. Any such increase or decrease will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The Holder may also decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 4(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Note at any time, which decrease shall be effectively immediately upon delivery of notice to the Company. The Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 4(e) shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 4(e) to correct any portion which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation contained herein or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this Section 4(d) shall apply to a successor holder of this Note.
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Section 5. Certain Adjustments.
(a) Stock Dividends and Stock Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Note is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions payable in shares of Common Stock on shares of Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalents, (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of a reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares or (iv) issues, in the event of a reclassification of shares of the Common Stock, any shares of capital stock of the Company, then the Conversion Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Company) outstanding immediately before such event, and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 5(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. (1) At any time, for so long as the Note or any amounts accrued and payable thereunder remain outstanding, the Company or any Subsidiary, as applicable, sells or grants any option to purchase or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of or issues (or announces any sale, grant or any option to purchase or other disposition), any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents entitling any Person to acquire shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect (such lower price, the “Base Conversion Price” and each such issuance or announcement a “Dilutive Issuance”), then the Conversion Price shall be immediately reduced to equal the Base Conversion Price. Such adjustment shall be made whenever such Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued.
(2) If any Common Stock Equivalent is amended or adjusted, and such price as so amended shall be less than the Conversion Price in effect at the time of such amendment or adjustment, then the Conversion Price shall be adjusted upon each such issuance or amendment as provided in this Section 5(b). In case any Common Stock Equivalent is issued in connection with the issue or sale of other securities of the Company, together comprising one integrated transaction, (x) the Common Stock Equivalents will be deemed to have been issued for the Option Value of such Common Stock Equivalents and (y) the other securities issued or sold in such integrated transaction shall be deemed to have been issued or sold for the difference of (I) the aggregate consideration received by the Company less any consideration paid or payable by the Company pursuant to the terms of such other securities of the Company, less (II) the Option Value. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be deemed to be the net amount received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company will be the average VWAP of such public traded securities for the ten days prior to the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, as the case may be.
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(3) If the holder of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents outstanding on the Original Issue Date or issued after the Original Issuance Date shall at any time, whether by operation of purchase price adjustments, reset provisions, floating conversion, exercise or exchange prices or otherwise, or due to warrants, options or rights per share which are issued in connection with such issuance, be entitled to receive shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect, such issuance shall be deemed to have occurred for less than the Conversion Price on such date and such issuance shall be deemed to be a Dilutive Issuance.
(4) If the Company enters into a Variable Rate Transaction despite the prohibition set forth in the Purchase Agreement, the Company shall be deemed to have issued Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents at the lowest possible conversion price at which such securities may be converted or exercised under the terms of such Variable Rate Transaction.
(5) The Company shall notify the Holder in writing, no later than the Trading Day following the issuance of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents subject to this Section 5(b), indicating therein the applicable issuance price, or applicable reset price, exchange price, conversion price and other pricing terms (such notice, the “Dilutive Issuance Notice”). For purposes of clarification, whether or not the Company provides a Dilutive Issuance Notice pursuant to this Section 5(b), upon the occurrence of any Dilutive Issuance, the Holder is entitled to receive a number of Conversion Shares based upon the Base Conversion Price on or after the date of such Dilutive Issuance, regardless of whether the Holder accurately refers to the Base Conversion Price in the Notice of Conversion.
(6) The provisions of this Section 5(b) shall apply each time a Dilutive Issuance occurs after the Original Issue Date for so long as the Note or any amounts accrued and payable thereunder remain outstanding, but any adjustment of the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 5(b) shall be downward only.
(7) The provisions of this Section 5(b) shall not apply to Exempt Issuances.
(c) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 5(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock, Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete conversion of this Note (without regard to any limitations on conversion hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
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(d) Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Note is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets or rights or warrants to acquire its assets, or subscribe for or purchase any security other than Common Stock, to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”), at any time after the issuance of this Note, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete conversion of this Note (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder's right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation with respect to the Company or any other publicly-traded corporation subject to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation with respect to the Company or any other publicly-traded corporation subject to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act).
(e) Fundamental Transaction. (1) If, at any time while this Note is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent conversion of this Note, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Conversion Share that would have been issuable upon such conversion immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the conversion of this Note), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Note is convertible immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the conversion of this Note). For purposes of any such conversion, the determination of the Conversion Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Conversion Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any conversion of this Note following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall not effect a Fundamental Transaction unless it gives the Holder at least 10 Trading Days prior notice together with sufficient details so the Holder can make an informed decision as to whether it elects to accept the Alternative Consideration. If a public announcement of the Fundamental Transaction has not been made, the notice to the Holder may not be given until the Company files a Form 8-K or other report disclosing the Fundamental Transaction.
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(2) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, provided that the Warrant Shares are not registered under an effective registration statement, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction that is (x) an all cash transaction, (y) a “Rule 13e-3 transaction” as defined in Rule 13e-3 under the Exchange Act, or (z) a Fundamental Transaction involving a person or entity not traded on a national securities exchange or trading market (with such exchange or market including, without limitation, the Nasdaq Global Select Trading Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, or the Nasdaq Capital Market, the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., the NYSE American or any market operated by the OTC Markets, Inc.), the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, concurrently with the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Note from the Holder by paying to the Holder the higher of (i) an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the outstanding principal of this Note on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction, or (ii) the product of (a) the number of Conversion Shares issuable upon full conversion of this Note (without regard to any limitation on conversion of this Note) and (b) the positive difference between the cash per share paid in such Fundamental Transaction minus the then in effect Conversion Price. (3)
(3) If Section 5(e)(1) and (2) are not applicable, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5(e) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Note a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Note which is convertible for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon conversion of this Note (without regard to any limitations on the conversion of this Note) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and with a conversion price which applies the Conversion Price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such conversion price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Note immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Note and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5(e), an Exempt Issuance (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) shall not be deemed a Fundamental Transaction.
(f) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 5 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 5, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Company) issued and outstanding.
(g) Notice to the Holder.
(i) Adjustment to Conversion Price. Whenever the Conversion Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 5, the Company shall promptly deliver to each Holder a notice setting forth the Conversion Price after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
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(ii) Notice to Allow Conversion by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on its Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of its Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of its Common Stock of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any shareholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of its Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby its Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be filed at each office or agency maintained for the purpose of conversion of this Note, and shall cause to be delivered to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Note Register, at least 5 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of its Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of its Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange, provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Company), the Company or its successor shall simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. If the Company does not simultaneously file the required Form 8-K, the Holder shall be entitled penalties in accordance with Section 5.6 of the Purchase Agreement The Holder shall remain entitled to convert this Note during the 20-day period commencing on the date of such notice through the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
Section 6. Negative Covenants. As long as any portion of this Note remains outstanding, unless the holders of at least 50% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes shall have otherwise given prior written consent, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of the Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:
(a) other than Permitted Indebtedness, enter into, create, incur, assume, guarantee or suffer to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money of any kind, including, but not limited to, a guarantee, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;
(b) other than Permitted Liens, enter into, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Liens of any kind, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;
(c) amend its charter documents, including, without limitation, its articles of incorporation and bylaws, in any manner that materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder, increases in authorized shares and stock splits shall not be deemed to materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder;
(d) purchase or otherwise acquire more than a de minimis number of shares of its Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents;
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(e) repay, or offer to repay, any Indebtedness, other than Permitted Indebtedness, as such terms Indebtedness and Permitted Indebtedness are in effect as of the Original Issue Date;
(f) pay cash dividends or distributions on any equity securities of the Company;
(g) enter into any transaction with any Affiliate of the Company which would be required to be disclosed in any public filing with the SEC assuming that the Company is subject to the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, unless such transaction is made on an arm’s-length basis and expressly approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company (even if less than a quorum otherwise required for board approval);
(h) issue any equity securities of the Company other than pursuant to the provisions of the Purchase Agreement or an Exempt Issuance; or
(i) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the foregoing.
Section 7. Events of Default.
(a) “Event of Default” means, wherever used herein, any of the following events (whatever the reason for such event and whether such event shall be voluntary or involuntary or effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court, or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):
(i) any default in the payment of (A) principal and interest payment under this Note or any other Indebtedness, or (B) late fees, liquidated damages and other amounts owing to the Holder of this Note, as and when the same shall become due and payable (whether on a Conversion Date, or the Maturity Date, or by acceleration or otherwise), which default, solely in the case of a default under clause (B) above, is not cured within five Trading Days;
(ii) the Company shall fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in this Note (other than a breach by the Company of its obligations to deliver Conversion Shares, which breach is addressed in clause (x) below) or any Transaction Document which failure is not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of 15 Trading Days after notice of such failure is sent by the Holder or by any other Holder to the Company and (B) 10 Trading Days after the Company has become aware of such failure;
(iii) except for payment defaults covered under Section 7(a)(i), the Company shall breach, or a default or event of default (subject to any grace or cure period provided in the applicable agreement, document or instrument) shall occur under, (A) any of the Transaction Documents or (B) any other material agreement, lease, document or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary is obligated (and not covered by any other clause of this Section 7) which default or event of default if not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of (i) 10 Trading Days after notice of such default sent by Holder or by any other holder to the Company and (ii) five Trading Days after the Company has become aware of such default;
(iv) any representation or warranty made in this Note, any other Transaction Document, any written statement pursuant hereto or thereto or any other report, financial statement or certificate made or delivered to the Holder or any other Holder shall be untrue or incorrect in any material respect as of the date when made or deemed made, which failure is not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of 10 Trading Days after notice of such failure is sent by the Holder or by any other Holder to the Company;
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(v) the Company or any Subsidiary shall be subject to a Bankruptcy Event;
(vi) the Company or any Subsidiary shall: (A) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of it or any of its properties; (B) admit in writing its inability to pay its debts as they mature; (C) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; (D) be adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent or be the subject of an order for relief under Title 11 of the United States Code or any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute of any other jurisdiction or foreign country; or (E) file a voluntary petition in bankruptcy, or a petition or an answer seeking reorganization or an arrangement with creditors or to take advantage or any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute, or an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any proceeding under any such law, or (F) take or permit to be taken any action in furtherance of or for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing;
(vii) if any order, judgment or decree shall be entered, without the application, approval or consent of the Company or any Subsidiary, by any court of competent jurisdiction, approving a petition seeking liquidation or reorganization of the Company or any Subsidiary, or appointing a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of the Company or any Subsidiary, or of all or any substantial part of its assets, and such order, judgment or decree shall continue unstayed and in effect for any period of 60 days;
(viii) the occurrence of any levy upon or seizure or attachment of, or any uninsured loss of or damage to, any property of the Company or any Subsidiary having an aggregate fair value or repair cost (as the case may be) in excess of $100,000 individually or in the aggregate, and any such levy, seizure or attachment shall not be set aside, bonded or discharged within 45 days after the date thereof;
(ix) any monetary judgment, writ or similar final process shall be entered or filed against the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective property or other assets for more than $100,000, and such judgment, writ or similar final process shall remain unvacated, unbonded or unstayed for a period of 30 days;
(x) any Material Adverse Effect occurs;
(xi) any provision of any Transaction Document shall at any time for any reason (other than pursuant to the express terms thereof) cease to be valid and binding on or enforceable against the parties thereto, or the validity or enforceability thereof shall be contested by any party thereto, or a proceeding shall be commenced by the Company or any Subsidiary or any governmental authority having jurisdiction over any of them, seeking to establish the invalidity or unenforceability thereof, or the Company or any Subsidiary shall deny in writing that it has any liability or obligation purported to be created under any Transaction Document;
(xii) the Company fails to use the proceeds in the manner as described in Section 5.7 of the Purchase Agreement;
(xiii) the Company shall be a party to any Change of Control Transaction or shall agree to sell or dispose of all or in excess of 50% of its assets in one transaction or a series of related transactions (whether or not such sale would constitute a Change of Control Transaction);
(xiv) from and after 90 days after the Original Issue Date, the Company fails to have authorized and reserved the amount of shares designated in Section 3.5 of the Purchase Agreement (without regard to any limitations on conversion hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation);
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(xv) the Company shall fail for any reason, except if caused by the action or inaction of the Holder to deliver Conversion Shares to the Holder prior to the third Trading Day after a Conversion Date pursuant to Section 4 or the Company shall provide at any time notice to the Holder, including by way of public announcement, of the Company’s intention to not honor requests for conversions of this Note in accordance with the terms hereof; or
(xvi) the Company fails to file with the SEC any required reports under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act within the time required (including any applicable extension period) by the rules and regulations thereunder.
(b) Remedies Upon Event of Default. If any Event of Default occurs, the outstanding principal amount of this Note, plus liquidated damages and other amounts owing in respect thereof through the date of acceleration, shall become, at the Holder’s election, immediately due and payable in cash (the “Mandatory Default Amount”). Upon the payment in full of the Mandatory Default Amount, the Holder shall promptly surrender this Note to or as directed by the Company. In connection with such acceleration described herein, the Holder need not provide, and the Company hereby waives, any presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, and the Holder may immediately and without expiration of any grace period enforce any and all of its rights and remedies hereunder and all other remedies available to it under applicable law. Such acceleration may be rescinded and annulled by Holder at any time prior to payment hereunder and the Holder shall have all rights as a holder of the Note until such time, if any, as the Holder receives full payment pursuant to this Section 7(b). No such rescission or annulment shall affect any subsequent Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
(c) Interest Rate Upon Event of Default. Commencing on the occurrence of any Event of Default and until such Event of Default is cured, this Note shall accrue interest at an interest rate equal to the Default Interest Rate.
(d) Conversion Price Upon Event of Default. Commencing on the occurrence of any Event of Default and until such Event of Default is cured, this Note shall be convertible at the Default Conversion Price.
Section 8. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Conversion. This Note does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the conversion hereof other than as explicitly set forth in Section 5.
(b) Notices. All notices, offers, acceptance and any other acts under this Agreement (except payment) shall be in writing, and shall be sufficiently given if delivered to the addressees in person, by FedEx or similar receipted next day delivery, or at the Company’s registered address or such other address as any of them, by notice to the other may designate from time to time. Time shall be counted to, or from, as the case may be, the date of delivery.
(c) Absolute Obligation. Except as expressly provided herein, no provision of this Note shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, liquidated damages and accrued interest and late fees, as applicable, on this Note at the time, place, and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed. This Note is a direct debt obligation of the Company.
(d) Lost or Mutilated Note. If this Note shall be mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall execute and deliver, in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation of a mutilated Note, or in lieu of or in substitution for a lost, stolen or destroyed Note, a new Note for the principal amount of this Note so mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, but only upon receipt of evidence of such loss, theft or destruction of this Note, and of the ownership hereof, reasonably satisfactory to the Company.
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(e) Exclusive Jurisdiction; Governing Law; Prevailing Party Attorneys’ Fees. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Note and venue shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with Section 6.9 of the Purchase Agreement. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce or otherwise relating to this Note, then, in addition to the other obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Note, the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
(f) Waiver. Any waiver by the Company or the Holder of a breach of any provision of this Note shall not operate as or be construed to be a waiver of any other breach of such provision or of any breach of any other provision of this Note. The failure of the Company or the Holder to insist upon strict adherence to any term of this Note on one or more occasions shall not be considered a waiver or deprive that party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of this Note on any other occasion. Any waiver by the Company or the Holder must be in writing.
(g) Severability. If any provision of this Note is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the balance of this Note shall remain in effect, and if any provision is inapplicable to any Person or circumstance, it shall nevertheless remain applicable to all other Persons and circumstances. If it shall be found that any interest or other amount deemed interest due hereunder violates the applicable law governing usury, the applicable rate of interest due hereunder shall automatically be lowered to equal the maximum rate of interest permitted under applicable law. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law or other law which would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or interest on this Note as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Note, and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefits or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Holder, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such as though no such law has been enacted.
(h) Remedies, Characterizations, Other Obligations, Breaches and Injunctive Relief. The remedies provided in this Note shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Note and any of the other Transaction Documents at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue actual and consequential damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Note. The Company covenants to the Holder that there shall be no characterization concerning this instrument other than as expressly provided herein. Amounts set forth or provided for herein with respect to payments, conversion and the like (and the computation thereof) shall be the amounts to be received by the Holder and shall not, except as expressly provided herein, be subject to any other obligation of the Company (or the performance thereof). The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach would be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the Holder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any such breach or any such threatened breach, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. The Company shall provide all information and documentation to the Holder that is requested by the Holder to enable the Holder to confirm the Company’s compliance with the terms and conditions of this Note.
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(i) Next Trading Day. Whenever any payment or other obligation hereunder shall be due on a day other than a Trading Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Trading Day.
(j) Headings. The headings contained herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Note and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
(Signature Pages Follow)
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be duly executed by a duly authorized officer as of the date first above indicated.
| 60 De | ||
| By: | ||
| Name: | Tyrone Miller | |
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer |
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ANNEX A
NOTICE OF CONVERSION
The undersigned hereby elects to convert principal under the Original Issue Discount Convertible Note due May 31, 2023 of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”), into shares of common stock (the “Common Stock”), of the Company according to the conditions hereof, as of the date written below.
By the delivery of this Notice of Conversion the undersigned represents and warrants to the Company that its ownership of the Common Stock does not exceed the amounts specified under Section 4 of this Note, as determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act.
The undersigned agrees to comply with the prospectus delivery requirements under the applicable securities laws in connection with any transfer of the aforesaid shares of Common Stock.
| Conversion calculations: | |
| Date to Effect Conversion: | |
| Principal Amount of Note to be Converted: | |
| Number of shares of Common Stock to be issued: | |
| Signature: | |
| Name: | |
| DWAC Instructions: |
| Broker No: | ||
| Account No: |
Exhibit 10.4
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of May 19, 2022, by and between 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”), and each lender party that executes the signature page hereto as a purchaser (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”).
WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of Section 5 of the Securities Act, as defined, contained in Section 4(a)(2) thereof and/or Rule 506(b) thereunder, the Company desires to issue and sell to the Purchaser, and the Purchaser desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Purchaser agree as follows:
ARTICLE I. DEFINITIONS
1.1 Definitions. In addition to the words and terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:
“Acquiring Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.5. “Action” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.10.
“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Notes pursuant to Section 2.1.
“Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchaser’s obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities to be issued and sold, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the second Trading Day following the date hereof.
“Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.19.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock, restricted stock units or options, and the underlying shares of Common Stock to consultants, employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non- employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities issuable pursuant to existing agreements, exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with stock dividends, stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities, (c) securities issued pursuant, acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the directors of the Company, provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equity holders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and which shall reasonably be expected to provide to the Company additional benefits, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities, (d) securities issued pursuant to any purchase money equipment loan or capital leasing arrangement, purchasing agent or debt financing from a commercial bank or similar financial institution, (e) securities issued pursuant to any presently outstanding warrants or this Agreement; and (f) securities upon a stock split, stock dividend or subdivision of the Common Stock and shares of common stock in a public offering; (g) non-convertible loans from traditional commercials banks with interest per annum not to exceed 12% which will rank pari passu with the Notes issued to investors by the Company.
“Face Value” means the Subscription Amount plus original issue discount as described in the Notes.
“FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended. “GAAP” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.8. “Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.27.
“Intellectual Property” means all of the following in any jurisdiction throughout the world: (a) all inventions (whether patentable or unpatentable and whether or not reduced to practice), all improvements thereto, and all U.S. and foreign patents, patent applications, and patent disclosures, together with all reissuances, continuations, continuations-in-part, revisions, extensions, and reexaminations thereof, (b) all trademarks, service marks, brand names, certification marks, trade dress, logos, trade names, domain names, assumed names and corporate names, together with all colorable imitations thereof, and including all goodwill associated therewith, and all applications, registrations, and renewals in connection therewith, (c) all copyrights, and all applications, registrations, and renewals in connection therewith, (d) all trade secrets under applicable state laws and the common law and know-how (including formulas, techniques, technical data, designs, drawings, specifications, customer and supplier lists, pricing and cost information, and business and marketing plans and proposals), (e) all computer software (including source code, object code, diagrams, data and related documentation), and (f) all copies and tangible embodiments of the foregoing (in whatever form or medium).
“IPO” shall mean an initial public offering by the Company that results in a listing of the Company’s Common Stock on a national securities exchange.
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“Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement” means all licenses, sublicenses, agreements and permissions (each as amended to date) that any third party owns and that the Company uses, including off- the-shelf software purchased or licensed by the Company.
“Liens” means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.
“Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1.
“Notes” means the Original Issue Discount Convertible Promissory Notes issued to the Purchaser, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.
“Note Conversion Price” means the Note Conversion Price provided in the Note.
“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of the Notes, regardless of any transfers of any Note and regardless of the number of instruments which may be issued to evidence such Notes.
“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.
“Purchaser Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.8. “Registrable Securities” shall mean, collectively, the Shares and the Warrant Shares.
“Regulation FD” means Regulation FD promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act, as such Regulation may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Regulation
“Required Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.4.
“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. “Securities” means the Notes, the Warrants and the Shares.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Shares” means the Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes.
“Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock).
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“Subscription Amount” means, as to the Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Note purchased hereunder as specified below the Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.
“Subsidiary” means with respect to any entity at any date, any direct or indirect corporation, limited or general partnership, limited liability company, trust, estate, association, joint venture or other business entity of which (A) more than 50% of (i) the outstanding capital stock having (in the absence of contingencies) ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the Board of Directors or other managing body of such entity, (ii) in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, the interest in the capital or profits of such partnership or limited liability company or (iii) in the case of a trust, estate, association, joint venture or other entity, the beneficial interest in such trust, estate, association or other entity business is, at the time of determination, owned or controlled directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, by such entity, or (B) is under the actual control of the Company.
“Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.
“Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange, the OTCQB, the OTCQX, or the OTC Pink Marketplace (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Notes, the Warrants, and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder, including, but not limited to, the documents referenced in Section 2.2(a).
“Transfer Agent” means Equity Stock Transfer, LLC with a mailing address of, and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“Variable Rate Transaction” means any Equity Line of Credit or similar agreement, nor issue nor agree to issue any Common Stock, floating or Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments nor any of the foregoing or equity with price reset rights (subject to adjustment for stock splits, distributions, dividends, recapitalizations and the like) (collectively, the “Variable Rate Transaction”). For purposes of this Agreement, “Equity Line of Credit” shall include any transaction involving a written agreement between the Company and an investor or underwriter whereby the Company has the right to “put” its securities to the investor or underwriter over an agreed period of time and at an agreed price or price formula, and “Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments” shall include: (A) any debt or equity securities which are convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or carry the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock either (1) at any conversion, exercise or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security, or (2) with a fixed conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security due to a change in the market price of the Company’s Common Stock since date of initial issuance, and (B) any amortizing convertible security which amortizes prior to its maturity date, where the Company is required or has the option to (or any investor in such transaction has the option to require the Company to) make such amortization payments in shares of Common Stock which are valued at a price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security (whether or not such payments in stock are subject to certain equity conditions). For purposes of determining the total consideration for a convertible instrument (including a right to purchase equity of the Company) issued, subject to an original issue or similar discount or which principal amount is directly or indirectly increased after issuance, the consideration will be deemed to be the actual cash amount received by the Company in consideration of the original issuance of such convertible instrument.
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“Warrants” means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and have a term of exercise equal to five years from such initial exercise date, in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.
“Warrant Exercise Price” means the exercise price provided in the Warrant.
“Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants at the Warrant Exercise Price.
ARTICLE II. PURCHASE AND SALE
2.1 Closing. On the Closing Dates, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase an aggregate of (i) Notes with a Face Value listed on the Purchaser’s signature page and (ii) Warrants to purchase shares equal to 100% of the Shares issuable upon conversion of the Note at a price equal to 110% of the IPO price or, if the Company fails to complete the IPO before May 31, 2023, 90% of the IPO price. On the Closing Date, the Purchaser shall deliver to the Company a signed copy of the Transaction Documents and, via wire transfer, immediately available funds equal to the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount. After receipt of the Subscription Amount, the Company shall deliver to the Purchaser countersigned copies of the Transaction Documents. Upon satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in Section 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the Company’s offices or such other location as the parties shall mutually agree.
2.2 Deliveries.
(a) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Purchaser the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;
(ii) a Note in the principal amount of $294,444, convertible at the Note Conversion Price, registered in the name of the Purchaser;
(iii) an original Warrant to purchase <WARRANT SHARES> shares of Common Stock, exercisable at the Warrant Exercise Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;
(iv) a Board Consent approving the issuance of the Notes and the execution of the Transaction Documents listed above on behalf of the Company.
(b) On or prior to the Closing Date each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Purchaser; and
(ii) the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the Company.
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2.3 Closing Conditions.
(a) The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchaser contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed; and
(iii) the delivery by the Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.
(b) The respective obligations of the Purchaser hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
(iii) the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement; and
(iv) there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof.
ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF COMPANY
The Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser as of the date hereof:
3.1 Organization and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or Articles of Incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.
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3.2 Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. Subject to obtaining the Required Approvals, this Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
3.3 No Conflicts. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.3, the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and will not (i) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s Certificate or Articles of Incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
3.4 Filings, Consents and Approvals. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.4, the Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) blue sky filings or a Form D filing and (ii) such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (the “Required Approvals”).
3.5 Issuance of the Securities. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Shares, when issued upon conversion of the Notes will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company shall reserve from its duly authorized capital stock a number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Notes and Warrants.
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3.6 Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company is as set forth on Schedule 3.6. The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock awards under the Company’s equity incentive plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.6, as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchaser) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under any of such securities. There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders’ agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.
3.7 Subsidiaries. All of the direct and indirect Subsidiaries of the Company are set forth in Schedule 3.7. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
3.8 Financial Statements. The consolidated financial statements of the Company, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company for the periods specified and have been prepared in compliance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved.
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3.9 Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest financial statements: (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company equity incentive plans. Other than as disclosed on Schedule 3.9, except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.
3.10 Litigation. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.10, there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation, inquiry or other similar proceeding of any federal or state government unit pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the issuance of the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no reason to believe that an Action will be filed against it in the future except as disclosed on Schedule 3.10. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim for fraud or breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation or inquiry by the SEC involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The SEC has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Securities Act, and the Company has no reason to believe it will do so in the future.
3.11 Labor Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no effort is underway to unionize or organize the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no workmen’s compensation liability matter, employment-related charge, complaint, grievance, investigation, inquiry or obligation of any kind pending, or to the Company’s knowledge, threatened, relating to an alleged violation or breach by the Company or its Subsidiaries of any law, regulation or contract that could, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
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3.12 Compliance. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.12, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
3.13 Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
3.14 Regulatory Permits. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to possess such certificates, authorizations or permits would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit. There is no agreement, commitment, judgment, injunction, order or decree binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party which has or would reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or materially impairing any business practice of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any acquisition of property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the conduct of business by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as currently conducted other than such effects, individually or in the aggregate, which have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
3.15 Title to Assets. Subject to the Liens of the outstanding secured senior debt, the Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries. The Company owns no real property. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.
3.16 Intellectual Property.
(i) Subject to the Liens of the outstanding secured senior debt, to the Company’s knowledge, the Company owns or possesses or has the right to use pursuant to a valid and enforceable written license, sublicense, agreement, or permission all Intellectual Property necessary for the operation of the business of the Company as presently conducted.
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(ii) To the Company’s knowledge, the Intellectual Property does not interfere with, infringe upon, misappropriate, or otherwise come into conflict with, any Intellectual Property rights of third parties, and the Company has no knowledge that facts exist which indicate a likelihood of the foregoing. The Company has not received any charge, complaint, claim, demand, or notice alleging any such interference, infringement, misappropriation, or conflict (including any claim that the Company must license or refrain from using any Intellectual Property rights of any third party). To the knowledge of the Company, no third party has interfered with, infringed upon, misappropriated, or otherwise come into conflict with, any Intellectual Property rights of the Company.
(iii) With respect to each Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement:
(A) The Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement is legal, valid, binding, enforceable, and in full force and effect;
(B) To the Company’s knowledge, no party to the Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement is in breach or default, and no event has occurred that with notice or lapse of time would constitute a breach or default or permit termination, modification, or acceleration thereunder, which as to any such breach, default or event could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company;
(C) No party to such Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement has repudiated any provision thereof;
(D) Except as set forth in such Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement, the Company has not received written or verbal notice or otherwise has knowledge that the underlying item of Intellectual Property is subject to any outstanding injunction, judgment, order, decree, ruling, or charge; and
(E) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.16, the Company has not granted any sublicense or similar right with respect to the license, sublicense, agreement, or permission.
(iv) The Company has complied with and is presently in compliance with all foreign, federal, state, local, governmental (including, but not limited to, the Federal Trade Commission and State Attorneys General), administrative, or regulatory laws, regulations, guidelines, and rules applicable to any personal identifiable information.
(v) Each Person who participated in the creation, conception, invention or development of the Intellectual Property currently used in the business of the Company (each, a “Developer”) which is not licensed from third parties has executed one or more agreements containing industry standard confidentiality, work for hire and assignment provisions, whereby the Developer has assigned to the Company all copyrights, patent rights, Intellectual Property rights and other rights in the Intellectual Property, including all rights in the Intellectual Property that existed prior to the assignment of rights by such Person to the Company.
(vi) Each Developer has signed a perpetual non-disclosure agreement with the Company.
3.17 Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.
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3.18 Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.18, none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock award agreements under any equity incentive plan of the Company.
3.19 Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls. Except as disclosed in the Schedule 3.19, the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
3.20 Certain Fees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.20, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchaser shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due by the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
3.21 Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
3.22 Registration Rights. Except as disclosed on Schedule 3.22, no Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
3.23 Listing and Maintenance Requirements; Shell Company. The Company’s Common Stock is not quoted or listed on any Trading Market. The Company is not and has never been a shell company as such term is defined in Rule 12(b)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.
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3.24 Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchaser as a result of the Purchaser and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchaser’s ownership of the Securities.
3.25 Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Purchaser or its agent or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed on Schedule 3.25. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchaser will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchaser regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the 12 months preceding the date of this Agreement do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Article IV hereof.
3.26 No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Article IV, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable stockholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.
3.27 Solvency. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (ii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.27 sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $100,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $100,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.27, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
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3.28 Tax Status. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns which have been required to be filed and paid all taxes shown thereon through the date hereof, to the extent that such taxes have become due and are not being contested in good faith, except where the failure to so file or pay would not have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 3.28, no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which has had, or would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any federal, state or other governmental tax deficiency, penalty or assessment which has been or might be asserted or threatened against it which would have a Material Adverse Effect
3.29 Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated any provision of FCPA.
3.30 Acknowledgment Regarding Purchaser’s Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchaser’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.
3.31 Acknowledgement Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or elsewhere to the contrary (except for Sections 4.7 and 5.12 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) the Purchaser has not been asked by the Company to agree, nor has the Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which the Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the Common Stock, and (iv) the Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) the Purchaser may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.
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3.32 Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.
3.33 Private Placement. Assuming the accuracy of each Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Article IV, no registration under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Notes or the Shares issuable upon conversion thereof by the Company to the Purchasers as contemplated hereby.
3.34 No General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any form of general solicitation or general advertising. The Company offered the Securities for sale only to the Purchaser and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.
3.35 No Disqualification Events. With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506(b) under the Securities Act, none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale, nor any Person, including a placement agent, who will receive a commission or fees for soliciting purchasers (each, an “Issuer Covered Person” and, together, “Issuer Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Purchaser a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.
3.36 Notice of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Purchaser in writing, prior to the Closing Date of (i) any Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, reasonably be expected to become a Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person, in each case of which it is aware.
3.37 Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
3.38 U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.
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3.39 Bank Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.
3.40 Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.
ARTICLE IV.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PURCHASERS
4.1 Representations and Warranties of the Purchaser. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein):
4.2 Organization; Authority. The Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and performance by the Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of the Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by the Purchaser, and when delivered by the Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of the Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
4.3 Understandings or Arrangements. The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. The Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring such Securities as principal for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell such Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws).
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4.4 Purchaser Status. At the time the Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, an accredited investor within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act. The Purchaser is not subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3).
4.5 Experience of the Purchaser. The Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. The Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
4.6 Access to Information. The Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and has been afforded, subject to Regulation FD, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment; provided, however, that the Purchaser has not requested nor been provided by the Company with any non-public information regarding the Company, its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects. The Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Company nor anyone else has provided the Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired.
4.7 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, the Purchaser has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with the Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that the Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to the Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, the Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
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The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Article 4 shall not modify, amend or affect the Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby.
ARTICLE V.
OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
5.1 Removal of Legends.
The Shares, the Warrants and Warrant Shares may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of the Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser or in connection with a pledge as contemplated in Section 5.1(b), the Company may require the transferor to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company at the cost of the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Shares, Warrants or Warrant Shares under the Securities Act.
(a) Each Purchaser agrees to the imprinting, so long as is required by this Section 5.1, of a legend on any of the Shares, the Warrants or Warrant Shares in the following form:
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
(b) The Company acknowledges and agrees that a Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a registered broker-dealer or grant a security interest in some or all of the Shares or Warrant Shares to a financial institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and who agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, such Purchaser may transfer pledged or secured Shares or Warrant Shares to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith. Further, no notice shall be required of such pledge. At the appropriate Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Shares and Warrant Shares may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Shares or Warrant Shares.
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(c) Certificates evidencing the Shares and the Warrant Shares (or the Transfer Agent’s records if held in book entry form) shall not contain any legend (including the legend set forth in Section 5.1(a) hereof): (i) while a registration statement covering the resale of such securities is effective under the Securities Act (the “Effective Date”), (ii) following any sale of such Shares or Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144, (iii) if such Shares or Warrant Shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares or Warrant Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or (iv) if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including Sections 4(a)(1) and 4(a)(7) judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the SEC). The Company shall, if any of the provisions in clause (i) –(iv) above are applicable, at its expense, cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent promptly after the Effective Date if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend hereunder. If all or any portion of a Note is converted or a Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the resale of the Shares or the Warrant Shares, or if such Shares or Warrant Shares may be sold under Rule 144 and the Company is then in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144, or if the Shares or Warrant Shares may be sold under Rule 144 without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares or Warrant Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or if such legend is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including Sections 4(a)(1) and 4(a)(7), judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the SEC) then such Shares or Warrant Shares shall be issued or reissued free of all legends. The Company agrees that following the effective date of any registration statement or at such time as such legend is no longer required under this Section 5.1(c), it will, no later than two Trading Days following the delivery by a Purchaser to the Company or the Transfer Agent of a certificate representing restricted Shares or Warrant Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend (such second Trading Day, the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to such Purchaser a certificate representing such Shares or Warrant Shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 5.1. Certificates for Shares or Warrant Shares subject to legend removal hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchaser by crediting the account of the Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company system as directed by such Purchaser. The Company shall be responsible for any delays caused by its Transfer Agent.
(d) In addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, (i) the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for each $1,000 of the principal amount of the Notes being converted or the value of the Warrant Shares for which a Warrant is being exercised (based on the Warrant Exercise Price), $20 per Trading Day for each Trading Day after the Legend Removal Date (increasing to $20 per Trading Day after the fifth Trading Day) until such certificate is delivered without a legend. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Company’s failure to deliver certificates representing any Securities as required by the Transaction Documents, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief, and (ii) if after the Legend Removal Date such Purchaser purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Purchaser of all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock, or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock that such Purchaser anticipated receiving from the Company without any restrictive legend, then, the Company shall pay to such Purchaser, in cash, an amount equal to the excess of such Purchaser’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of- pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) (the “Buy-In Price”) over the product of (A) such number of Shares or Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to such Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date multiplied by (B) the highest closing sale price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the delivery by such Purchaser to the Company of the applicable Shares or Warrant Shares (as the case may be) and ending on the date of such delivery and payment under this Section 5.1(d).
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(e) In the event a Purchaser shall request delivery of unlegended shares as described in this Section 5.1 and the Company is required to deliver such unlegended shares, (i) it shall pay all fees and expenses associated with or required by the legend removal and/or transfer including but not limited to legal fees, Transfer Agent fees and overnight delivery charges and taxes, if any, imposed by any applicable government upon the issuance of Common Stock; and (ii) the Company may not refuse to deliver unlegended shares based on any claim that such Purchaser or anyone associated or affiliated with such Purchaser has not complied with Purchaser’s obligations under the Transaction Documents, or for any other reason, unless, an injunction or temporary restraining order from a court, on notice, restraining and or enjoining delivery of such unlegended shares shall have been sought and obtained by the Company and the Company has posted a surety bond for the benefit of such Purchaser in the amount of the greater of (i) 150% of the amount of the aggregate purchase price of the Shares (based on amount of principal and/or interest of the Note which was converted) and Warrant Shares (based on exercise price in effect upon exercise) which is subject to the injunction or temporary restraining order, or (ii) the VWAP of the Common Stock on the Trading Day before the issue date of the injunction multiplied by the number of unlegended shares to be subject to the injunction, which bond shall remain in effect until the completion of the litigation of the dispute and the proceeds of which shall be payable to such Purchaser to the extent Purchaser obtains judgment in Purchaser’s favor.
5.2 Furnishing of Information.
(a) Until the earliest of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Shares and Warrant Shares or (ii) the Warrants have expired, the Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.
(b) At any time during the period commencing from the six month anniversary of the date hereof and ending at such time on the earlier to occur that the Warrants are not outstanding, terminated or that all of the Warrant Shares (assuming cashless exercise) may be sold without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144, if the Company (i) shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) for a period of more than 30 consecutive days or (ii) has ever been an issuer described in Rule 144(i)(1)(i) or becomes an issuer in the future, and the Company shall fail to satisfy any condition set forth in Rule 144(i)(2) for a period of more than 30 consecutive days (a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason of any such delay in or reduction of its ability to sell the Shares and/or Warrant Shares, an amount in cash equal to two percent of the aggregate Note Conversion Price of such Purchaser’s Note(s) and/or Warrant Exercise Price of such Purchaser’s Warrants on the day of a Public Information Failure and on every 30th day (pro-rated for periods totaling less than thirty days) thereafter until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information Failure is cured and (b) such time that such public information is no longer required for the Purchasers to transfer the Shares and/or Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144. Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the earlier of (i) the last day of the calendar month during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii) the second Trading Day after the event or failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure payments is cured. In the event the Company fails to make Public Information Failure payments in a timely manner, such Public Information Failure payments shall bear interest at the rate of one and one-half percent per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Public Information Failure, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.
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5.3 Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require stockholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.
5.4 Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the SEC or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of the Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the SEC and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchaser with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b).
5.5 Stockholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchaser.
5.6 Non-Public Information. When the Company’s Common Stock is quoted or listed on a Trading Market, to the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document or any other communications made by the Company, or information provided, to the Purchaser constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice or other material information with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. In addition to any other remedies provided by this Agreement or other Transaction Documents, if the Company knowingly provides any material, non- public information to the Purchasers without their prior written consent, and it fails to immediately (no later than that Trading Day) file a Form 8-K, once it is required to do so, disclosing this material, non-public information, it shall pay the Purchasers as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty a sum equal to $1,000 per day for each $100,000 of each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount beginning with the day the information is disclosed to the Purchaser and ending and including the day the Form 8-K disclosing this information is filed.
5.7 Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder for working capital purposes, and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any Indebtedness as defined in the Note, (b) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations, or (d) to lend money, give credit, or make advances to any officers, directors, employees or affiliates of the Company.
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5.8 Indemnification of Purchaser.
Subject to the provisions of this Section 5.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors, officers, stockholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls the Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, stockholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation (including local counsel, if retained) that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents, (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which constitutes fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or malfeasance) or (c) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any registration statement, any prospectus or any form of prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any prospectus or supplement thereto, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading. If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel (in addition to local counsel, if retained). The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The Purchaser Parties shall have the right to settle any action against any of them by the payment of money provided that they cannot agree to any equitable relief and the Company, its officers, directors and Affiliates receive unconditional releases in customary form. The indemnification required by this Section 5.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.
5.9 Settlement Without Consent if Failure to Reimburse. If an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for reasonable fees and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by Section 5.8 effected without its written consent if (1) such settlement is entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request, (2) such indemnifying party shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at least 30 days prior to such settlement being entered into and (3) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement.
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5.10 Listing of Common Stock. The Company agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any Trading Market, it will then include in such application all of the Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.
5.11 Senior Debt. The Company shall not issue any new indebtedness which is senior in rank to the Notes while the Notes are outstanding.
5.12 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. The Purchaser covenants that neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release. Each Purchaser covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release, the Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules. Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.
5.13 Conversion Procedures. The forms of Conversion Notice included in the Notes set forth the totality of the procedures required of the Purchaser to exercise the Notes. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Purchaser to convert their Note. Without limiting the preceding sentences, no ink-original Conversion Notice shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Conversion Notice form be required to convert the Notes. The Company shall honor conversions of the Notes and shall deliver Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods set forth in the Transaction Documents.
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5.14 DTC Program. For so long as any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company will employ as the Transfer Agent for the Common Stock and Shares a participant in the Depository Trust Company Automated Securities Transfer Program and cause the Common Stock to be transferable pursuant to such program.
5.15 Maintenance of Property. The Company shall keep all of its property necessary for the operations of its business, which is necessary or useful to the conduct of its business, in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted.
5.16 Preservation of Corporate Existence. The Company shall preserve and maintain its corporate existence, rights, privileges and franchises in the jurisdiction of its incorporation, and qualify and remain qualified, as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary in view of its business or operations and where the failure to qualify or remain qualified might reasonably have a Material Adverse Effect upon the financial condition, business or operations of the Company taken as a whole.
5.17 No Registration of Securities on Form S-1. Other than the registration rights provided hereunder, for the initial six months the Notes are outstanding, the Company will not file any registration statements on Form S-1. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing shall not prevent the Company from filing a Registration Statement on Form S-8 with respect to equity compensation plans.
5.18 Variable Rate Transactions. While any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company shall be prohibited from entering a Variable Rate Transaction without the prior consent of the holders of more than 50% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes.
5.19 Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement.
(a) With respect to the Shares and Warrant Shares, the Company shall:
(1) With the next Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed by the Company, include the Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement and use its best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective and remain effective as provided herein.
(2) Prepare and file with the SEC such amendments, including post-effective amendments, to the Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement continuously effective as to the applicable Registrable Securities until such time as all of the Registerable Securities have been sold by the Holder or he is eligible to otherwise remove the restrictive legend and effect a sale other than through the Registration Statement.
(3) Use its best efforts to avoid the issuance of, or, if issued, obtain the withdrawal of, (i) any order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or (ii) any suspension of the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any U.S. jurisdiction, at the earliest practicable moment.
(4) Furnish to the Holder, without charge, at least one conformed copy of each Registration Statement and each amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules, all documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference, and all exhibits to the extent requested by the Holder (including those previously furnished or incorporated by reference) promptly after the filing of such documents with the SEC.
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(b) The Purchaser agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Company, the Purchaser shall not, during the period ending 90 days after the date of the prospectus filed with the SEC in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-1 described in Section 5.19(a):
(1) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Registrable Securities or (2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Registrable Securities.
ARTICLE IV. MISCELLANEOUS
6.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated by the Purchaser by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before June 30, 2022; provided, however, that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).
6.2 Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth below and in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchaser.
6.3 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.
6.4 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered by email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. ( Eastern Standard or Daylight Savings Time, as applicable) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second Trading Day following the date of transmission, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight delivery service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall, if the Company’s Common Stock is quoted or listed on a Trading Market, simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K, or which failure to do so will subject the Company to the liquidated damages provided for in Article 5.
6.5 Amendments; Waivers. Except as provided in the last sentence of this Section 6.5, no provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and a majority in interest of the outstanding balance of the Note or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right. Any amendment effected in accordance with accordance with this Section 6.5 shall be binding upon the Purchaser and holder of Securities and the Company.
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6.6 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
6.7 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser. Each Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the Purchaser.
6.8 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 6.7 and this Section 6.8.
6.9 Governing Law; Exclusive Jurisdiction; Attorneys’ Fees. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, stockholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the New York County, New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the New York County, New York for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Agreement, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
6.10 Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
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6.11 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf' format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf' signature page were an original thereof.
6.12 Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
6.13 Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then that Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that in the case of a rescission of an conversion of a Note, the Purchaser shall be required to return any Shares subject to any such rescinded Conversion Notice concurrently with the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to the Purchaser’s Note.
6.14 Replacement of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction without requiring the posting of any bond.
6.15 Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each Purchaser and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.
6.16 Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
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6.17 Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.
6.18 Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.
6.19 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
6.20 Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.
6.21 Waiver of jury trial. In any action, suit, or proceeding in any jurisdiction brought by any party against any other party, the parties each knowingly and intentionally, to the greatest extent permitted by applicable law, hereby absolutely, unconditionally, irrevocably and expressly waive forever trial by jury.
6.22 Non-Circumvention. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Company will not, by amendment of its Articles of Incorporation, including any Certificates of Designation, or Bylaws or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution, issue or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Agreement, and will at all times in good faith carry out all of the provision of this Agreement and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of all holders of the Securities. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing or any other provision of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, the Company (a) shall not increase the par value of any Shares issuable upon conversion of the Notes above the Note Conversion Price then in effect and (b) shall take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Shares upon the conversion of the Notes. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if after 180 days from the original issuance date, the Purchasers are not permitted to convert the Note, in full, for any reason, subject to the Purchaser’s compliance with Rule 144 the Company shall use its best efforts to promptly remedy such failure, including, without limitation, obtaining such consent or approvals as necessary to permit such conversion or exercise.
(Signature Pages Follow)
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties here to have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| 60 Degree Pharmaceuticals, LLC | Address for Notice: | ||||
| By: | |||||
| Name: Geoffrey Dow | |||||
| Title: Chief Executive Officer | |||||
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]
| 5/24/22, 5:12 AM | Mail - Geoff Dow - Outlook |
Exhibit 10.5
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES FOR WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
Warrant Shares: <WARRANT SHARES>
Initial Exercise Date: May 19, 2022
THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, Geoffrey Dow., or its assigns (the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after the date hereof (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to the close of business on the fifth year anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”), up to <WARRANT SHARES> shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”). The purchase price of one Warrant Share under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b). This Warrant issued pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) entered into as of the Initial Exercise Date between the Company and the initial Holder.
Section 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated May 19, 2022 among the Company and the Purchasers.
Section 2. Exercise.
(a) Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice in writing to the registered Holder at the address of the Holder appearing on the books of the Company) of a duly executed copy of the Notice of Exercise Form annexed hereto. Within two Trading Days following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank, unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary (although the Holder may surrender the Warrant to, and receive a replacement Warrant from, the Company), the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within two Trading Days of the date the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise Form within one Trading Day of delivery of such notice. The Holder by acceptance of this Warrant or any transferee, acknowledges and agrees that, by reason of the provisions of this Section 2(a), following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
(b) Exercise Price. The initial exercise price per share of the Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to 110% of the IPO (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) price or, if the Company fails to complete the IPO before May 31, 2023, 90% of the IPO price , subject to adjustment under Section 3 (the “Exercise Price”).
(c) Cashless Exercise. Other than as provided for in Section 2(f), if at any time after the six month anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date, there is no effective Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder (or the prospectus does not meet the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act), then this Warrant may also be exercised at the Holder’s election, in whole or in part and in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the Company upon such exercise, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the number obtained by dividing [(A - B) times (C)] by (A), where:
| (A) = | the greater of (i) the arithmetic average of the VWAPs for the five consecutive Trading Days ending on the date immediately preceding the date on which the Holder elects to exercise this Warrant by means of a “cashless exercise,” as set forth in the applicable Notice of Exercise or (ii) the VWAP for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date on which the Holder makes such “cashless exercise” election; |
| (B) = | the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder, at the time of such exercise; and |
| (C) = | the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise; |
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)) (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), (b) if no volume weighted average price of the Common Stock is reported for the Trading Market, the most recent reported bid price per share of the Common Stock, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
If Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the characteristics of the Warrants being exercised, and the holding period of the Warrants being exercised may be tacked on to the holding period of the Warrant Shares. The Company agrees not to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
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Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if on the Termination Date (unless the Holder notifies the Company otherwise) if there is no effective Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder, then this Warrant shall be automatically exercised via cashless exercise pursuant to this Section 2(c).
(d) Mechanics of Exercise.
(i) Delivery of Certificates Upon Exercise. Certificates for the shares of Common Stock purchased hereunder shall be transmitted to the Holder by the Transfer Agent by crediting the account of the Holder’s prime broker with The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise and Rule 144 is available, or otherwise by physical delivery to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is two Trading Days after the latest of (A) the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and (B) payment of the aggregate Exercise Price as set forth above (unless by cashless exercise, if permitted) (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”). The Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have been issued, and Holder or any other person so designated to be named therein shall be deemed to have become a holder of record of such shares for all purposes, as of the date the Warrant has been exercised, with payment to the Company of the Exercise Price (or by cashless exercise, if permitted). The Company understands that a delay in the delivery of the Warrant Shares after the Warrant Share Delivery Date could result in economic loss to the Holder. As compensation to the Holder for such loss, the Company agrees to pay (as liquidated damages and not as a penalty) to the Holder for late issuance of Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant the proportionate amount of $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day after the fifth Trading Day) after the Warrant Share Delivery Date for each $1,000 of the value of the Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercised (based on the Exercise Price) which are not timely delivered. In no event shall liquidated damages for any one transaction exceed $1,000 for the first 10 Trading Days. Furthermore, in addition to any other remedies which may be available to the Holder, in the event that the Company fails for any reason to effect delivery of the Warrant Shares by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Holder may revoke all or part of the relevant Warrant exercise by delivery of a notice to such effect to the Company, whereupon the Company and the Holder shall each be restored to their respective positions immediately prior to the exercise of the relevant portion of this Warrant, except that the liquidated damages described above shall be payable through the date notice of revocation or rescission is given to the Company or the date the Warrant Shares are delivered to the Holder, whichever date is earlier.
(ii) Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant, at the time of delivery of the certificate or certificates representing Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects be identical to this Warrant. Unless the Warrant has been fully exercised, the Holders shall not be required to surrender this Warrant as a condition of exercise.
(iii) Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to deliver the Warrant Shares or cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder a certificate or the certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right, at any time prior to issuance of such Warrant Shares, to rescind such exercise.
(iv) Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Certificates Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to deliver the Warrant Shares, or cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the certificate or certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall pay in cash to the Holder the amount as provided under Section 4.1(e) of the Purchase Agreement. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
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(v) No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
(vi) Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of certificates for Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such certificate including any charges of any clearing firm, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such certificates shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise. The Company shall (A) pay the reasonable legal fees of the Holder’s choice (in an amount not to exceed $500 per opinion, and not more often than once per week) in connection with the exercise of the Warrants, (B) cause its attorneys to promptly provide any reliance opinion to the Transfer Agent, and (C) pay the Holder the sums required under Section 2(d)(iv).
(vii) Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
(e) Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Company, may increase the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Warrant, provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply. Any such increase will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The Holder may also decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Warrant at any time, which decrease shall be effectively immediately upon delivery of notice to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
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Section 3. Certain Adjustments.
(a) Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this Warrant or pursuant to any of the other Transaction Documents), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. If and whenever on or after the Initial Exercise Date, the Company issues or sells, or in accordance with this Section 3 is deemed to have issued or sold, any shares of Common Stock (including the issuance or sale of shares of Common Stock owned or held by or for the account of the Company, issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold) for a consideration per share (the “Base Share Price”) less than a price equal to the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale (such Exercise Price then in effect is referred to herein as the “Applicable Price”) (the foregoing a “Dilutive Issuance”), then immediately after such Dilutive Issuance, the Exercise Price then in effect shall be reduced to an amount equal to the Base Share Price. For all purposes of the foregoing (including, without limitation, determining the adjusted Exercise Price and the Base Share Price under this Section 3(b)), the following shall be applicable:
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(i) Issuance of Options. If the Company in any manner grants or sells any Options and the lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is at any time issuable upon the exercise of any such Option or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the granting or sale of such Option for such price per share. For purposes of this Section 3(b)(i), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof” shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to any one share of Common Stock upon the granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof and (y) the lowest exercise price set forth in such Option for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Option (or any other Person) upon the granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Option (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock or of such Convertible Securities upon the exercise of such Options or otherwise pursuant to the terms of or upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities.
(ii) Issuance of Convertible Securities. If the Company in any manner issues or sells any Convertible Securities and the lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is at any time issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities for such price per share. For the purposes of this Section 3(b)(ii), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof” shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to one share of Common Stock upon the issuance or sale of the Convertible Security and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Security or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof and (y) the lowest conversion price set forth in such Convertible Security for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person) upon the issuance or sale of such Convertible Security plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof, and if any such issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities is made upon exercise of any Options for which adjustment of this Warrant has been or is to be made pursuant to other provisions of this Section 3(b), except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made by reason of such issuance or sale.
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(iii) Change in Option Price or Rate of Conversion. “Convertible Securities” means any stock or other security (other than Options) that is at any time and under any circumstances, directly or indirectly, convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or which otherwise entitles the holder thereof to acquire, any shares of Common Stock. If the purchase or exercise price provided for in any Options, the additional consideration, if any, payable upon the issue, conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities, or the rate at which any Convertible Securities are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock increases or decreases at any time (other than proportional changes in conversion or exercise prices, as applicable, in connection with an event referred to in Section 3(a)), the Exercise Price in effect at the time of such increase or decrease shall be adjusted to the Exercise Price which would have been in effect at such time had such Options or Convertible Securities provided for such increased or decreased purchase price, additional consideration or increased or decreased conversion rate, as the case may be, at the time initially granted, issued or sold. For purposes of this Section 3(b)(iii), if the terms of any Option or Convertible Security that was outstanding as of the Closing Date are increased or decreased in the manner described in the immediately preceding sentence, then such Option or Convertible Security and the shares of Common Stock deemed issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange thereof shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of such increase or decrease. No adjustment pursuant to this Section 3(b) shall be made if such adjustment would result in an increase of the Exercise Price then in effect.
(iv) Calculation of Consideration Received. If any Option is issued in connection with the issuance or sale of any other securities of the Company together comprising one integrated transaction in which no specific consideration is allocated to such Option by the parties thereto, the Options will be deemed to have been issued for a consideration of par value of the Company’s Common Stock. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the consideration received therefor will be deemed to be the net amount of consideration received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company for such securities will be the arithmetic average of the VWAPs of such security for each of the five Trading Days immediately preceding the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities. The fair value of any consideration other than cash or publicly traded securities will be determined jointly by the Company and the Holder. If such parties are unable to reach agreement within 10 days after the occurrence of an event requiring valuation (the “Valuation Event”), the fair value of such consideration will be determined within five Trading Days after the 10th day following such Valuation Event by an independent, reputable appraiser jointly selected by the Company and the Holder. The determination of such appraiser shall be final and binding upon all parties absent manifest error. If such appraiser’s valuation differs by less than 5% from the Company’s proposed valuation, the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall be borne by the Holder, and if such appraiser’s valuation differs by more than 5% from the Company’s proposed valuation, the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall be borne by the Company.
(v) Record Date. If the Company takes a record of the holders of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of entitling them (A) to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in shares of Common Stock, Options or in Convertible Securities or (B) to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities, then such record date will be deemed to be the date of the issuance or sale of the shares of Common Stock deemed to have been issued or sold upon the declaration of such dividend or the making of such other distribution or the date of the granting of such right of subscription or purchase (as the case may be).
| 7 | Warrant |
(vi) Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 3(b) shall not apply to any Exempt Issuances.
(c) Full Ratchet Increase in Warrant Shares. Until the Notes are no longer outstanding, whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted under Section 3(b), the number of Warrant Shares shall be increased on a full ratchet basis to the number of shares of Common Stock determined by multiplying the Exercise Price then in effect immediately prior to such adjustment by the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant immediately prior to such adjustment and dividing the product thereof by the Exercise Price resulting from such adjustment. By way of example, if E is the total number of Warrant Shares in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance, F is the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance, and G is the Dilutive Issuance Price, the adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares can be expressed in the following formula: Total number of Warrant Shares after such Dilutive Issuance = the number obtained from dividing [E x F] by G. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Exercise Price is being adjusted as a result of a sale of securities, this Section 3(c) shall NOT apply if the Holder is offered the right to participate (in an amount not to exceed $50,000 unless agreed to by the Holder and the Company) and does not participate.
(d) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Purchase Rights will be made under this Section 3(d) in respect of an Exempt Issuance.
(e) Pro Rata Distributions. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, shall distribute to all holders of Common Stock (and not to the Holder) evidences of its indebtedness or assets (including cash and cash dividends) or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security other than the Common Stock (which shall be subject to Section 3(d)), then in each such case the Exercise Price shall be adjusted by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the record date fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the VWAP determined as of the record date mentioned above, and of which the numerator shall be such VWAP on such record date less the then per share fair market value at such record date of the portion of such assets or evidence of indebtedness so distributed applicable to one outstanding share of the Common Stock as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith. In either case the adjustments shall be described in a statement provided to the Holder of the portion of assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed or such subscription rights applicable to one share of Common Stock. Such adjustment shall be made whenever any such distribution is made and shall become effective immediately after the record date mentioned above.
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(f) Fundamental Transaction.
(i) If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions engages in any Fundamental Transaction, as defined in the Purchase Agreement, then, upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant), at the option of the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall not effect a Fundamental Transaction unless it gives the Holder at least 10 Trading Days prior notice together with sufficient details so the Holder can make an informed decision as to whether it elects to accept the Alternative Consideration. If a public announcement of the Fundamental Transaction has not been made, the notice to the Holder may not be given until the Company files a Form 8-K or other report disclosing the Fundamental Transaction.
(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction, provided that the Warrant Shares are not registered under an effective registration statement, the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, exercisable at any time concurrently with, or within 30 days after, the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction or (ii) the positive difference between the cash per share paid in such Fundamental Transaction minus the then in effect Exercise Price. “Black Scholes Value” means the value of the unexercised portion of this Warrant based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg L.P. determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg L.P. as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date.
| 9 | Warrant |
(iii) If Section 3(f)(i) and (ii) are not applicable, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(f)(iii) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant), and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein.
(g) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
(h) Notice to Holder.
(i) Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly email to the Holder a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment. The Holder may supply an email address to the Company and change such address.
(ii) Notice to Allow Exercise by the Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall deliver to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 5 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to email such notice or any defect therein or in the emailing thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Company), the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
| 10 | Warrant |
Section 4. Transfer of Warrant.
(a) Transferability. Subject to compliance with any applicable securities laws and the provisions of the Purchase Agreement, this Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Upon such surrender, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new Holder for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
(b) New Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
(c) Warrant Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.
Section 5. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof other than as explicitly set forth in Section 3.
(b) Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it, and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate. In no event shall the Holder be required to deliver a bond or other security.
(c) Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
| 11 | Warrant |
(d) Authorized Shares.
Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its Articles of Incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use best efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
(e) Jurisdiction. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
(f) Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered or if not exercised on a cashless basis when Rule 144 (or any successor law or rule) is available, may have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
(g) Non-waiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of the Holder shall operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision of this Warrant or the Purchase Agreement, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
(h) Notices. Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the Holder by the Company shall be delivered in accordance with the notice provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
(i) Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.
(j) Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate or that there is no irreparable harm and not to require the posting of a bond or other security.
| 12 | Warrant |
(k) Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable by the Holder of Warrant Shares.
(l) Amendment. This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company and Holders of 75% of the outstanding Warrants issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
(m) Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.
(n) Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.
[Signature Page Follows]
| 13 | Warrant |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.
| 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | |
| Name: | Geoffrey Dow | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
TO: 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC
(1) The undersigned hereby elects to purchase _______________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2) Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
☐ in lawful money of the United States; or
☐ if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3) Please issue a certificate or certificates representing said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
(4) After giving effect to this Notice of Exercise, the undersigned will not have exceeded the Beneficial Ownership Limitation.
The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number or by physical delivery of a certificate to:
SIGNATURE OF HOLDER
| Name of Investing Entity: | |
| Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity: | |
| Name of Authorized Signatory: | |
| Title of Authorized Signatory: | |
| Date: | |
ASSIGNMENT FORM
| (To assign the foregoing warrant, execute | ||
| this form and supply required information. Do | ||
| not use this form to exercise the warrant.) |
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC
FOR VALUE RECEIVED,_______all of or ________ shares of the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
| whose address is | |
| Dated:______________, ______ |
| Holder’s Signature: | |||
| Holder’s Address: | |||
| Signature Guaranteed: |
NOTE: The signature to this Assignment Form must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of the Warrant, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever, and must be guaranteed by a bank or trust company. Officers of corporations and those acting in a fiduciary or other representative capacity should file proper evidence of authority to assign the foregoing Warrant.
Exhibit 10.6
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS CONVERTIBLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
Original Issue Date: May 19, 2022
$294,444 Principal and Face Value
$265,000 Purchase Price and Subscription Amount
$29,444 Original Issue Discount
ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT
CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE
THIS ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE is duly authorized
and validly issued at a 10% original issue discount by 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a Washington DC limited liability corporation (the “Company”) (the “Note”).
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the Company promises to pay to Geoffrey Dow, or its permitted assigns (the “Holder”), the principal sum of $294,444 on May 31, 2023 (the “Maturity Date”) or such earlier date as this Note is required or permitted to be repaid as provided hereunder, and to pay interest to the Holder on the aggregate unconverted and then outstanding principal amount of this Note in accordance with the provisions hereof. This Note is subject to the following additional provisions:
Section 1. Definitions. For the purposes hereof, (a) capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Purchase Agreement and (b) the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings:
“Alternate Consideration” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e).
“Bankruptcy Event” means any of the following events: (a) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof commences a case or other proceeding under any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment of debt, relief of debtors, dissolution, insolvency or liquidation or similar law of any jurisdiction relating to the Company or any Subsidiary thereof, (b) there is commenced against the Company or any Subsidiary thereof any such case or proceeding that is not dismissed within 60 days after commencement, (c) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof is adjudicated insolvent or bankrupt or any order of relief or other order approving any such case or proceeding is entered, (d) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof suffers any appointment of any custodian or the like for it or any substantial part of its property that is not discharged or stayed within 60 calendar days after such appointment, (e) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, (f) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof calls a meeting of its creditors with a view to arranging a composition, adjustment or restructuring of its debts or (g) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof, by any act or failure to act, expressly indicates its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any of the foregoing or takes any corporate or other action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing.
“Base Conversion Price” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
“Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(f).
“Black Scholes Value” means the value of the outstanding principal amount of this Note, plus all accrued and unpaid interest hereon based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Maturity Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Maturity Date.
“Buy-In” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d)(v).
“Change of Control Transaction” means the occurrence after the date hereof of any of (a) an acquisition after the date hereof by an individual or legal entity or “group” (as described in Rule 13d-5(b)(1) promulgated under the Exchange Act) of effective control (whether through legal or beneficial ownership of capital stock of the Company, by contract or otherwise) of in excess of 50% of the voting securities of the Company (other than by means of conversion, exercise or exchange of this Note or the Warrants issued together with this Note), (b) the Company merges into or consolidates with any other Person, or any Person merges into or consolidates with the Company and, after giving effect to such transaction, the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such transaction own less than 50% of the aggregate voting power of the Company or the successor entity of such transaction, (c) the Company sells or transfers all or substantially all of its assets to another Person, (d) a replacement at one time or within a three year period of more than one-half of the members of the Board of Directors which is not approved by a majority of those individuals who are members of the Board of Directors on the Original Issue Date (or by those individuals who are serving as members of the Board of Directors on any date whose nomination to the Board of Directors was approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors who are members on the date hereof), or (d) the execution by the Company of an agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound, providing for any of the events set forth in clauses (a) through (d) above.
“Conversion” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 4.
“Conversion Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(a).
“Conversion Price” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(c).
“Conversion Shares” means, collectively, the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note in accordance with the terms hereof.
“Default Interest Rate” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a).
“Dilutive Issuance” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
“Dilutive Issuance Notice” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b)(5).
| 2 | Promissory Note |
“DWAC” means the Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system at The Depository Trust Company.
“Event of Default” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(a).
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Fundamental Transaction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e).
“IPO” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(b).
“Liens” shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
“Note Register” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(c).
“Notice of Conversion” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(a).
“Mandatory Default Amount” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(b).
“Option Value” means the value of a Common Stock Equivalent based on the Black Scholes Option Pricing model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg determined as of (A) the Trading Day prior to the public announcement of the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent, if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, for pricing purposes and reflecting (i) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the remaining term of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent as of the applicable date of determination, (ii) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, (iii) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the highest VWAP of the Common Stock during the period beginning on the Trading Day prior to the execution of definitive documentation relating to the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent and ending on (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of such issuance, if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, (iv) a zero cost of borrow and (v) a 360 day annualization factor.
“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of this Note, regardless of any transfers of this Note and regardless of the number of instruments which may be issued to evidence this Note.
“Permitted Indebtedness” means (a) the indebtedness evidenced by this Note, (b) senior secured non-convertible loans from traditional commercials banks with interest per annum not to exceed 12%, (c) capital lease obligations and purchase money indebtedness incurred in connection with the acquisition of machinery and equipment as long as such capital leases and indebtedness are approved in advance by the Holder and (d) the Indebtedness set forth on Schedule 3.27 to the Purchase Agreement).
| 3 | Promissory Note |
“Permitted Lien” means the individual and collective reference to the following: (a) Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies not yet due or Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings for which adequate reserves (in the good faith judgment of the management of the Company) have been established in accordance with GAAP, (b) Liens imposed by law which were incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, such as carriers’, warehousemen’s and mechanics’ Liens, statutory landlords’ Liens, and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, and which (x) do not individually or in the aggregate materially detract from the value of such property or assets or materially impair the use thereof in the operation of the business of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries or (y) are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, which proceedings have the effect of preventing for the foreseeable future the forfeiture or sale of the property or asset subject to such Lien, (c) Liens incurred in connection with Permitted Indebtedness under clauses (a) through (d) thereunder, and Liens set forth on Schedule 3.1(aa) to the Purchase Agreement.
“Purchase Agreement” means the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of May [*], 2022, among the Company and the original Holders, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with its terms.
“Share Delivery Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d)(ii).
“Successor Entity” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e)(2).
“Transaction Documents” means the Note, the Purchase Agreement and the Warrant.
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)) (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), (b) if no volume weighted average price of the Common Stock is reported for the Trading Market, the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holder and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
Section 2. Interest.
Interest shall accrue to the Holder on the aggregate unconverted and then outstanding principal amount of this Note at the rate of 6% per annum, calculated on the basis of a 360-day year and shall accrue daily commencing on the Original Issue Date until payment in full of the outstanding principal (or conversion to the extent applicable), together with all accrued and unpaid interest, liquidated damages and other amounts which may become due hereunder, has been made. During the existence of an Event of Default, interest shall accrue at the lesser of (i) the rate of 15% per annum, or (ii) the maximum amount permitted by law (the lesser of clause (i) or (ii), the “Default Interest Rate”). Once an Event of Default is cured, the interest rate shall return to 6%.
Section 3. Registration of Transfers and Exchanges.
(a) Different Denominations. This Note is exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of Notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same. No service charge or other fees will be payable for such registration of transfer or exchange.
(b) Investor Representations. This Note has been issued subject to certain investment representations of the original Holder set forth in the Purchase Agreement and may be transferred or exchanged only in compliance with the Purchase Agreement and applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations.
| 4 | Promissory Note |
(c) Reliance on Note Register. Prior to due presentment for transfer to the Company of this Note, the Company and any agent of the Company may treat the Person in whose name this Note is duly registered on the Note Register as the owner hereof for the purpose of receiving payment as herein provided and for all other purposes, whether or not this Note is overdue, and neither the Company nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
Section 4. Conversion.
(a) Voluntary Conversion. After the Original Issue Date until this Note is no longer outstanding, this Note shall be convertible, in whole or in part, at any time, and from time to time, into Conversion Shares at the option of the Holder. The Holder shall effect conversions by delivering to the Company a Notice of Conversion, the form of which is attached hereto as Annex A (each, a “Notice of Conversion”), specifying therein the principal amount of this Note to be converted and the date on which such conversion shall be effected (such date, the “Conversion Date”). If no Conversion Date is specified in a Notice of Conversion, the Conversion Date shall be the date that such Notice of Conversion is deemed delivered hereunder. No ink-original Notice of Conversion shall be required, nor shall any medallion guarantee (or other type of guarantee or notarization) of any Notice of Conversion form be required. To effect conversions hereunder, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Note to the Company unless the entire principal amount of this Note, plus all accrued and unpaid interest thereon, has been so converted. Conversions hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding principal amount of this Note in an amount equal to the applicable conversion. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the principal amount(s) converted in each conversion, the date of each conversion, and the Conversion Price in effect at the time of each conversion. The Company may deliver an objection to any Notice of Conversion within two Trading Days of delivery of such Notice of Conversion. In the event of any dispute or discrepancy, the records of the Holder shall be controlling and determinative in the absence of manifest error. The Holder, and any assignee by acceptance of this Note, acknowledge and agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following conversion of a portion of this Note, the unpaid and unconverted principal amount of this Note may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
(b) Mandatory Conversion. This Note shall convert into Conversion Shares upon the completion of an initial public offering by the Company that results in a listing of the Company’s Common Stock on a national securities exchange (the “IPO”).
(c) Conversion Price. The “Conversion Price” shall be at the lesser of a 20% discount to the IPO price or a $27 million pre-money valuation. All such Conversion Price determinations are to be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, reclassification or similar transaction that proportionately decreases or increases the Common Stock.
(d) Mechanics of Conversion or Prepayment.
(i) Conversion Shares Issuable Upon Conversion of Principal Amount. The number of Conversion Shares issuable upon a conversion hereunder shall be determined by the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the outstanding principal amount of this Note to be converted by (y) the Conversion Price in effect at the time of such conversion.
(ii) Delivery of Certificate Upon Conversion. Not later than two Trading Days after each Conversion Date (the “Share Delivery Date”), the Company shall deliver, or cause to be delivered, to the Holder any certificate or certificates required to be delivered by the Company under this Section 4(d) which shall be free of restrictive legends and trading restrictions except as provided by the Securities Act (other than those which may then be required by the Purchase Agreement) and such shares shall be delivered electronically through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions.
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(iii) Failure to Deliver Conversion Shares. If, in the case of any Notice of Conversion, such Conversion Shares are not delivered to or as directed by the applicable Holder by the Share Delivery Date, the Holder shall be entitled to elect by written notice to the Company at any time on or before its receipt of such Conversion Shares, to rescind such conversion, in which event the Company shall promptly return to the Holder any original Note delivered to the Company.
(iv) Obligation Absolute; Partial Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to issue and deliver the Conversion Shares upon conversion of this Note in accordance with the terms hereof, are absolute and unconditional, irrespective of any action or inaction by the Holder to enforce the same, any waiver or consent with respect to any provision hereof, the recovery of any judgment against any Person or any action to enforce the same, or any setoff, counterclaim, recoupment, limitation or termination, or any breach or alleged breach by the Holder or any other Person of any obligation to the Company or any violation or alleged violation of law by the Holder or any other Person, and irrespective of any other circumstance which might otherwise limit such obligation of the Company to the Holder in connection with the issuance of such Conversion Shares. In the event the Holder of this Note shall elect to convert any or all of the outstanding principal amount hereof, the Company may not refuse conversion based on any claim that the Holder or anyone associated or affiliated with the Holder has been engaged in any violation of law, agreement or for any other reason, unless an injunction from a court, on notice to Holder, restraining and or enjoining conversion of all or part of this Note shall have been sought and obtained, and the Company posts a surety bond for the benefit of the Holder in accordance with Section 5.1(d) of the Purchase Agreement. The exercise of any such rights shall not prohibit the Holder from seeking to collect damages under this Note, the Purchase Agreement or under applicable law.
(v) Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Conversion Shares Upon Conversion. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails for any reason to deliver to the Holder such Conversion Shares by the Share Delivery Date pursuant to Section 4(d)(ii), and if after such Share Delivery Date the Holder is required by its brokerage firm to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise), or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Conversion Shares which the Holder was entitled to receive upon the conversion relating to such Share Delivery Date (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall have the remedies provided for in accordance with Section 5.1(d) of the Purchase Agreement. Nothing herein or therein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver Conversion Shares upon conversion of this Note as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
(vi) Fractional Shares. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the conversion of this Note. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such conversion, the Company shall at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Conversion Price or round up to the next whole share.
(vii) Transfer Taxes and Expenses. The issuance of Conversion Shares on conversion of this Note shall be made without charge to the Holder hereof for any documentary stamp or similar taxes that may be payable in respect of the issue or delivery of such certificates. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Conversion and all fees to the Depository Trust Company (or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions) required for same-day electronic delivery of the Conversion Shares.
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(viii) Attorneys’ Fees etc. The Company shall (A) pay the reasonable fees of the law firm of the Holder’s choice (in an amount not to exceed $500 per opinion) in connection with the conversion of the Note, (B) cause its attorneys to promptly provide any reliance opinion to the Transfer Agent, and (C) pay the Holder the sums required under Section 4(d)(iv).
(e) Holder’s Conversion Limitations. The Company shall not effect any conversion of this Note, and a Holder shall not have the right to convert any portion of this Note, to the extent that after giving effect to the conversion set forth on the applicable Notice of Conversion, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which are issuable upon (i) conversion of the remaining, unconverted principal amount of this Note beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the Company subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein (including, without limitation, any other Notes or the Warrants) beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 4(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 4(e) applies, the determination of whether this Note is convertible (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which principal amount of this Note is convertible shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Conversion shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Note may be converted (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and which principal amount of this Note is convertible, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation. To ensure compliance with this restriction, the Holder will be deemed to represent to the Company each time it delivers a Notice of Conversion that such Notice of Conversion has not violated the restrictions set forth in this Section 4(e) and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 4(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, the Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as stated in the most recent of the following: (i) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the SEC, as the case may be, (ii) a more recent public announcement by the Company, or (iii) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Company’s transfer agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within two Trading Days confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Note, by the Holder or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this Note held by the Holder. The Holder, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Company, may increase the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 4(e) to 9.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon conversion of this Note held by the Holder. In all events, the provisions of this Section 4(e) shall continue to apply. Any such increase or decrease will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The Holder may also decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 4(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Note at any time, which decrease shall be effectively immediately upon delivery of notice to the Company. The Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 4(e) shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 4(e) to correct any portion which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation contained herein or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this Section 4(d) shall apply to a successor holder of this Note.
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Section 5. Certain Adjustments.
(a) Stock Dividends and Stock Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Note is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions payable in shares of Common Stock on shares of Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalents, (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of a reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares or (iv) issues, in the event of a reclassification of shares of the Common Stock, any shares of capital stock of the Company, then the Conversion Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Company) outstanding immediately before such event, and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 5(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. (1) At any time, for so long as the Note or any amounts accrued and payable thereunder remain outstanding, the Company or any Subsidiary, as applicable, sells or grants any option to purchase or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of or issues (or announces any sale, grant or any option to purchase or other disposition), any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents entitling any Person to acquire shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect (such lower price, the “Base Conversion Price” and each such issuance or announcement a “Dilutive Issuance”), then the Conversion Price shall be immediately reduced to equal the Base Conversion Price. Such adjustment shall be made whenever such Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued.
(2) If any Common Stock Equivalent is amended or adjusted, and such price as so amended shall be less than the Conversion Price in effect at the time of such amendment or adjustment, then the Conversion Price shall be adjusted upon each such issuance or amendment as provided in this Section 5(b). In case any Common Stock Equivalent is issued in connection with the issue or sale of other securities of the Company, together comprising one integrated transaction, (x) the Common Stock Equivalents will be deemed to have been issued for the Option Value of such Common Stock Equivalents and (y) the other securities issued or sold in such integrated transaction shall be deemed to have been issued or sold for the difference of (I) the aggregate consideration received by the Company less any consideration paid or payable by the Company pursuant to the terms of such other securities of the Company, less (II) the Option Value. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be deemed to be the net amount received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company will be the average VWAP of such public traded securities for the ten days prior to the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, as the case may be.
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(3) If the holder of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents outstanding on the Original Issue Date or issued after the Original Issuance Date shall at any time, whether by operation of purchase price adjustments, reset provisions, floating conversion, exercise or exchange prices or otherwise, or due to warrants, options or rights per share which are issued in connection with such issuance, be entitled to receive shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect, such issuance shall be deemed to have occurred for less than the Conversion Price on such date and such issuance shall be deemed to be a Dilutive Issuance.
(4) If the Company enters into a Variable Rate Transaction despite the prohibition set forth in the Purchase Agreement, the Company shall be deemed to have issued Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents at the lowest possible conversion price at which such securities may be converted or exercised under the terms of such Variable Rate Transaction.
(5) The Company shall notify the Holder in writing, no later than the Trading Day following the issuance of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents subject to this Section 5(b), indicating therein the applicable issuance price, or applicable reset price, exchange price, conversion price and other pricing terms (such notice, the “Dilutive Issuance Notice”). For purposes of clarification, whether or not the Company provides a Dilutive Issuance Notice pursuant to this Section 5(b), upon the occurrence of any Dilutive Issuance, the Holder is entitled to receive a number of Conversion Shares based upon the Base Conversion Price on or after the date of such Dilutive Issuance, regardless of whether the Holder accurately refers to the Base Conversion Price in the Notice of Conversion.
(6) The provisions of this Section 5(b) shall apply each time a Dilutive Issuance occurs after the Original Issue Date for so long as the Note or any amounts accrued and payable thereunder remain outstanding, but any adjustment of the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 5(b) shall be downward only.
(7) The provisions of this Section 5(b) shall not apply to Exempt Issuances.
(c) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 5(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock, Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete conversion of this Note (without regard to any limitations on conversion hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
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(d) Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Note is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets or rights or warrants to acquire its assets, or subscribe for or purchase any security other than Common Stock, to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”), at any time after the issuance of this Note, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete conversion of this Note (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder's right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation with respect to the Company or any other publicly-traded corporation subject to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation with respect to the Company or any other publicly-traded corporation subject to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act).
(e) Fundamental Transaction. (1) If, at any time while this Note is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent conversion of this Note, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Conversion Share that would have been issuable upon such conversion immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the conversion of this Note), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Note is convertible immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the conversion of this Note). For purposes of any such conversion, the determination of the Conversion Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Conversion Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any conversion of this Note following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall not effect a Fundamental Transaction unless it gives the Holder at least 10 Trading Days prior notice together with sufficient details so the Holder can make an informed decision as to whether it elects to accept the Alternative Consideration. If a public announcement of the Fundamental Transaction has not been made, the notice to the Holder may not be given until the Company files a Form 8-K or other report disclosing the Fundamental Transaction.
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(2) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, provided that the Warrant Shares are not registered under an effective registration statement, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction that is (x) an all cash transaction, (y) a “Rule 13e-3 transaction” as defined in Rule 13e-3 under the Exchange Act, or (z) a Fundamental Transaction involving a person or entity not traded on a national securities exchange or trading market (with such exchange or market including, without limitation, the Nasdaq Global Select Trading Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, or the Nasdaq Capital Market, the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., the NYSE American or any market operated by the OTC Markets, Inc.), the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, concurrently with the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Note from the Holder by paying to the Holder the higher of (i) an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the outstanding principal of this Note on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction, or (ii) the product of (a) the number of Conversion Shares issuable upon full conversion of this Note (without regard to any limitation on conversion of this Note) and (b) the positive difference between the cash per share paid in such Fundamental Transaction minus the then in effect Conversion Price. (3)
(3) If Section 5(e)(1) and (2) are not applicable, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5(e) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Note a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Note which is convertible for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon conversion of this Note (without regard to any limitations on the conversion of this Note) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and with a conversion price which applies the Conversion Price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such conversion price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Note immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Note and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5(e), an Exempt Issuance (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) shall not be deemed a Fundamental Transaction.
(f) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 5 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 5, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Company) issued and outstanding.
(g) Notice to the Holder.
(i) Adjustment to Conversion Price. Whenever the Conversion Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 5, the Company shall promptly deliver to each Holder a notice setting forth the Conversion Price after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
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(ii) Notice to Allow Conversion by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on its Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of its Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of its Common Stock of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any shareholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of its Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby its Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be filed at each office or agency maintained for the purpose of conversion of this Note, and shall cause to be delivered to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Note Register, at least 5 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of its Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of its Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange, provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Company), the Company or its successor shall simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. If the Company does not simultaneously file the required Form 8-K, the Holder shall be entitled penalties in accordance with Section 5.6 of the Purchase Agreement The Holder shall remain entitled to convert this Note during the 20-day period commencing on the date of such notice through the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
Section 6. Negative Covenants. As long as any portion of this Note remains outstanding, unless the holders of at least 50% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes shall have otherwise given prior written consent, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of the Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:
(a) other than Permitted Indebtedness, enter into, create, incur, assume, guarantee or suffer to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money of any kind, including, but not limited to, a guarantee, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;
(b) other than Permitted Liens, enter into, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Liens of any kind, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;
(c) amend its charter documents, including, without limitation, its articles of incorporation and bylaws, in any manner that materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder, increases in authorized shares and stock splits shall not be deemed to materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder;
(d) purchase or otherwise acquire more than a de minimis number of shares of its Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents;
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(e) repay, or offer to repay, any Indebtedness, other than Permitted Indebtedness, as such terms Indebtedness and Permitted Indebtedness are in effect as of the Original Issue Date;
(f) pay cash dividends or distributions on any equity securities of the Company;
(g) enter into any transaction with any Affiliate of the Company which would be required to be disclosed in any public filing with the SEC assuming that the Company is subject to the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, unless such transaction is made on an arm’s-length basis and expressly approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company (even if less than a quorum otherwise required for board approval);
(h) issue any equity securities of the Company other than pursuant to the provisions of the Purchase Agreement or an Exempt Issuance; or
(i) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the foregoing.
Section 7. Events of Default.
(a) “Event of Default” means, wherever used herein, any of the following events (whatever the reason for such event and whether such event shall be voluntary or involuntary or effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court, or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):
(i) any default in the payment of (A) principal and interest payment under this Note or any other Indebtedness, or (B) late fees, liquidated damages and other amounts owing to the Holder of this Note, as and when the same shall become due and payable (whether on a Conversion Date, or the Maturity Date, or by acceleration or otherwise), which default, solely in the case of a default under clause (B) above, is not cured within five Trading Days;
(ii) the Company shall fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in this Note (other than a breach by the Company of its obligations to deliver Conversion Shares, which breach is addressed in clause (x) below) or any Transaction Document which failure is not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of 15 Trading Days after notice of such failure is sent by the Holder or by any other Holder to the Company and (B) 10 Trading Days after the Company has become aware of such failure;
(iii) except for payment defaults covered under Section 7(a)(i), the Company shall breach, or a default or event of default (subject to any grace or cure period provided in the applicable agreement, document or instrument) shall occur under, (A) any of the Transaction Documents or (B) any other material agreement, lease, document or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary is obligated (and not covered by any other clause of this Section 7) which default or event of default if not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of (i) 10 Trading Days after notice of such default sent by Holder or by any other holder to the Company and (ii) five Trading Days after the Company has become aware of such default;
(iv) any representation or warranty made in this Note, any other Transaction Document, any written statement pursuant hereto or thereto or any other report, financial statement or certificate made or delivered to the Holder or any other Holder shall be untrue or incorrect in any material respect as of the date when made or deemed made, which failure is not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of 10 Trading Days after notice of such failure is sent by the Holder or by any other Holder to the Company;
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(v) the Company or any Subsidiary shall be subject to a Bankruptcy Event;
(vi) the Company or any Subsidiary shall: (A) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of it or any of its properties; (B) admit in writing its inability to pay its debts as they mature; (C) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; (D) be adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent or be the subject of an order for relief under Title 11 of the United States Code or any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute of any other jurisdiction or foreign country; or (E) file a voluntary petition in bankruptcy, or a petition or an answer seeking reorganization or an arrangement with creditors or to take advantage or any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute, or an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any proceeding under any such law, or (F) take or permit to be taken any action in furtherance of or for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing;
(vii) if any order, judgment or decree shall be entered, without the application, approval or consent of the Company or any Subsidiary, by any court of competent jurisdiction, approving a petition seeking liquidation or reorganization of the Company or any Subsidiary, or appointing a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of the Company or any Subsidiary, or of all or any substantial part of its assets, and such order, judgment or decree shall continue unstayed and in effect for any period of 60 days;
(viii) the occurrence of any levy upon or seizure or attachment of, or any uninsured loss of or damage to, any property of the Company or any Subsidiary having an aggregate fair value or repair cost (as the case may be) in excess of $100,000 individually or in the aggregate, and any such levy, seizure or attachment shall not be set aside, bonded or discharged within 45 days after the date thereof;
(ix) any monetary judgment, writ or similar final process shall be entered or filed against the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective property or other assets for more than $100,000, and such judgment, writ or similar final process shall remain unvacated, unbonded or unstayed for a period of 30 days;
(x) any Material Adverse Effect occurs;
(xi) any provision of any Transaction Document shall at any time for any reason (other than pursuant to the express terms thereof) cease to be valid and binding on or enforceable against the parties thereto, or the validity or enforceability thereof shall be contested by any party thereto, or a proceeding shall be commenced by the Company or any Subsidiary or any governmental authority having jurisdiction over any of them, seeking to establish the invalidity or unenforceability thereof, or the Company or any Subsidiary shall deny in writing that it has any liability or obligation purported to be created under any Transaction Document;
(xii) the Company fails to use the proceeds in the manner as described in Section 5.7 of the Purchase Agreement;
(xiii) the Company shall be a party to any Change of Control Transaction or shall agree to sell or dispose of all or in excess of 50% of its assets in one transaction or a series of related transactions (whether or not such sale would constitute a Change of Control Transaction);
(xiv) from and after 90 days after the Original Issue Date, the Company fails to have authorized and reserved the amount of shares designated in Section 3.5 of the Purchase Agreement (without regard to any limitations on conversion hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation);
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(xv) the Company shall fail for any reason, except if caused by the action or inaction of the Holder to deliver Conversion Shares to the Holder prior to the third Trading Day after a Conversion Date pursuant to Section 4 or the Company shall provide at any time notice to the Holder, including by way of public announcement, of the Company’s intention to not honor requests for conversions of this Note in accordance with the terms hereof; or
(xvi) the Company fails to file with the SEC any required reports under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act within the time required (including any applicable extension period) by the rules and regulations thereunder.
(b) Remedies Upon Event of Default. If any Event of Default occurs, the outstanding principal amount of this Note, plus liquidated damages and other amounts owing in respect thereof through the date of acceleration, shall become, at the Holder’s election, immediately due and payable in cash (the “Mandatory Default Amount”). Upon the payment in full of the Mandatory Default Amount, the Holder shall promptly surrender this Note to or as directed by the Company. In connection with such acceleration described herein, the Holder need not provide, and the Company hereby waives, any presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, and the Holder may immediately and without expiration of any grace period enforce any and all of its rights and remedies hereunder and all other remedies available to it under applicable law. Such acceleration may be rescinded and annulled by Holder at any time prior to payment hereunder and the Holder shall have all rights as a holder of the Note until such time, if any, as the Holder receives full payment pursuant to this Section 7(b). No such rescission or annulment shall affect any subsequent Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
(c) Interest Rate Upon Event of Default. Commencing on the occurrence of any Event of Default and until such Event of Default is cured, this Note shall accrue interest at an interest rate equal to the Default Interest Rate.
(d) Conversion Price Upon Event of Default. Commencing on the occurrence of any Event of Default and until such Event of Default is cured, this Note shall be convertible at the Default Conversion Price.
Section 8. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Conversion. This Note does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the conversion hereof other than as explicitly set forth in Section 5.
(b) Notices. All notices, offers, acceptance and any other acts under this Agreement (except payment) shall be in writing, and shall be sufficiently given if delivered to the addressees in person, by FedEx or similar receipted next day delivery, or at the Company’s registered address or such other address as any of them, by notice to the other may designate from time to time. Time shall be counted to, or from, as the case may be, the date of delivery.
(c) Absolute Obligation. Except as expressly provided herein, no provision of this Note shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, liquidated damages and accrued interest and late fees, as applicable, on this Note at the time, place, and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed. This Note is a direct debt obligation of the Company.
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(d) Lost or Mutilated Note. If this Note shall be mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall execute and deliver, in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation of a mutilated Note, or in lieu of or in substitution for a lost, stolen or destroyed Note, a new Note for the principal amount of this Note so mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, but only upon receipt of evidence of such loss, theft or destruction of this Note, and of the ownership hereof, reasonably satisfactory to the Company.
(e) Exclusive Jurisdiction; Governing Law; Prevailing Party Attorneys’ Fees. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Note and venue shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with Section 6.9 of the Purchase Agreement. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce or otherwise relating to this Note, then, in addition to the other obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Note, the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
(f) Waiver. Any waiver by the Company or the Holder of a breach of any provision of this Note shall not operate as or be construed to be a waiver of any other breach of such provision or of any breach of any other provision of this Note. The failure of the Company or the Holder to insist upon strict adherence to any term of this Note on one or more occasions shall not be considered a waiver or deprive that party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of this Note on any other occasion. Any waiver by the Company or the Holder must be in writing.
(g) Severability. If any provision of this Note is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the balance of this Note shall remain in effect, and if any provision is inapplicable to any Person or circumstance, it shall nevertheless remain applicable to all other Persons and circumstances. If it shall be found that any interest or other amount deemed interest due hereunder violates the applicable law governing usury, the applicable rate of interest due hereunder shall automatically be lowered to equal the maximum rate of interest permitted under applicable law. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law or other law which would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or interest on this Note as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Note, and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefits or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Holder, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such as though no such law has been enacted.
(h) Remedies, Characterizations, Other Obligations, Breaches and Injunctive Relief. The remedies provided in this Note shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Note and any of the other Transaction Documents at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue actual and consequential damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Note. The Company covenants to the Holder that there shall be no characterization concerning this instrument other than as expressly provided herein. Amounts set forth or provided for herein with respect to payments, conversion and the like (and the computation thereof) shall be the amounts to be received by the Holder and shall not, except as expressly provided herein, be subject to any other obligation of the Company (or the performance thereof). The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach would be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the Holder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any such breach or any such threatened breach, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. The Company shall provide all information and documentation to the Holder that is requested by the Holder to enable the Holder to confirm the Company’s compliance with the terms and conditions of this Note.
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(i) Next Trading Day. Whenever any payment or other obligation hereunder shall be due on a day other than a Trading Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Trading Day.
(j) Headings. The headings contained herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Note and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
(Signature Pages Follow)
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be duly executed by a duly authorized officer as of the date first above indicated.
| 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | |
| Name: | Geoffrey Dow | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
ANNEX A NOTICE OF CONVERSION
The undersigned hereby elects to convert principal under the Original Issue Discount Convertible Note due May 31, 2023 of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”), into shares of common stock (the “Common Stock”), of the Company according to the conditions hereof, as of the date written below.
By the delivery of this Notice of Conversion the undersigned represents and warrants to the Company that its ownership of the Common Stock does not exceed the amounts specified under Section 4 of this Note, as determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act.
The undersigned agrees to comply with the prospectus delivery requirements under the applicable securities laws in connection with any transfer of the aforesaid shares of Common Stock.
Conversion calculations:
| Date to Effect Conversion: | |
| Principal Amount of Note to be Converted: | |
| Number of shares of Common Stock to be issued: | |
| Signature: | |
| Name: | |
| DWAC Instructions: |
| Broker No: | ||
| Account No: |
Exhibit 10.7
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of May 24, 2022, by and between 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company, and each investor that executes the signature page hereto as a purchaser (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”).
WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of Section 5 of the Securities Act, as defined, contained in Section 4(a)(2) thereof and/or Rule 506(b) thereunder, the Company desires to issue and sell to the Purchaser, and the Purchaser desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Purchaser agree as follows:
ARTICLE I. DEFINITIONS
1.1 Definitions. In addition to the words and terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:
“Acquiring Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.5. “Action” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.10.
“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Bridge Shares” means shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued to each Purchaser equal to and based on (A) 100% of the Face Value of each Purchaser’s Note divided by the Company’s IPO price upon the pricing of the Company’s IPO or (B) if the Company fails to complete the IPO before the Maturity Date, the number of shares calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation for the Company and the number of the Company’s shares outstanding on the Maturity Date.
“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Notes pursuant to Section 2.1.
“Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchaser’s obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities to be issued and sold, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the second Trading Day following the date hereof.
“Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Company” means 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC and any successor company after conversion from a limited liability company to a corporation.
“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.19.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock, restricted stock units or options, and the underlying shares of Common Stock to consultants, employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non- employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities issuable pursuant to existing agreements, exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with stock dividends, stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities, (c) securities issued pursuant, acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the directors of the Company, provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equity holders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and which shall reasonably be expected to provide to the Company additional benefits, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities, (d) securities issued pursuant to any purchase money equipment loan or capital leasing arrangement, purchasing agent or debt financing from a commercial bank or similar financial institution, (e) securities issued pursuant to any presently outstanding warrants or this Agreement; and (f) securities upon a stock split, stock dividend or subdivision of the Common Stock and shares of common stock in a public offering; (g) non-convertible loans from traditional commercials banks with interest per annum not to exceed 12% which will rank pari passu with the Notes issued to investors by the Company.
“Face Value” means the Subscription Amount plus original issue discount as described in the Notes.
“FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended. “GAAP” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.8. “Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.27.
“Intellectual Property” means all of the following in any jurisdiction throughout the world: (a) all inventions (whether patentable or unpatentable and whether or not reduced to practice), all improvements thereto, and all U.S. and foreign patents, patent applications, and patent disclosures, together with all reissuances, continuations, continuations-in-part, revisions, extensions, and reexaminations thereof, (b) all trademarks, service marks, brand names, certification marks, trade dress, logos, trade names, domain names, assumed names and corporate names, together with all colorable imitations thereof, and including all goodwill associated therewith, and all applications, registrations, and renewals in connection therewith, (c) all copyrights, and all applications, registrations, and renewals in connection therewith, (d) all trade secrets under applicable state laws and the common law and know-how (including formulas, techniques, technical data, designs, drawings, specifications, customer and supplier lists, pricing and cost information, and business and marketing plans and proposals), (e) all computer software (including source code, object code, diagrams, data and related documentation), and (f) all copies and tangible embodiments of the foregoing (in whatever form or medium).
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“IPO” shall mean an initial public offering by the Company that results in a listing of the Company’s Common Stock on a national securities exchange.
“Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement” means all licenses, sublicenses, agreements and permissions (each as amended to date) that any third party owns and that the Company uses, including off- the-shelf software purchased or licensed by the Company.
“Liens” means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.
“Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1. “Maturity Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Note.
“Notes” means the Original Issue Discount Promissory Notes issued to the Purchaser, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.
“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of the Notes, regardless of any transfers of any Note and regardless of the number of instruments which may be issued to evidence such Notes.
“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.
“Purchaser Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.8.
“Registrable Securities” shall mean, collectively, the Bridge Shares and the Warrant Shares. “Regulation FD” means Regulation FD promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act, as such Regulation may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Regulation
“Required Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.4.
“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. “Securities” means the Notes, the Warrants and the Shares.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Shares” means the Bridge Shares and the Warrant Shares.
“Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock).
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“Subscription Amount” means, as to the Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Note purchased hereunder as specified below the Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.
“Subsidiary” means with respect to any entity at any date, any direct or indirect corporation, limited or general partnership, limited liability company, trust, estate, association, joint venture or other business entity of which (A) more than 50% of (i) the outstanding capital stock having (in the absence of contingencies) ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the Board of Directors or other managing body of such entity, (ii) in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, the interest in the capital or profits of such partnership or limited liability company or (iii) in the case of a trust, estate, association, joint venture or other entity, the beneficial interest in such trust, estate, association or other entity business is, at the time of determination, owned or controlled directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, by such entity, or (B) is under the actual control of the Company.
“Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.
“Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange, the OTCQB, the OTCQX, or the OTC Pink Marketplace (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Notes, the Warrants, and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder, including, but not limited to, the documents referenced in Section 2.2(a).
“Transfer Agent” means [*], and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“Variable Rate Transaction” means any Equity Line of Credit or similar agreement, nor issue nor agree to issue any Common Stock, floating or Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments nor any of the foregoing or equity with price reset rights (subject to adjustment for stock splits, distributions, dividends, recapitalizations and the like) (collectively, the “Variable Rate Transaction”). For purposes of this Agreement, “Equity Line of Credit” shall include any transaction involving a written agreement between the Company and an investor or underwriter whereby the Company has the right to “put” its securities to the investor or underwriter over an agreed period of time and at an agreed price or price formula, and “Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments” shall include: (A) any debt or equity securities which are convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or carry the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock either (1) at any conversion, exercise or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security, or (2) with a fixed conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security due to a change in the market price of the Company’s Common Stock since date of initial issuance, and (B) any amortizing convertible security which amortizes prior to its maturity date, where the Company is required or has the option to (or any investor in such transaction has the option to require the Company to) make such amortization payments in shares of Common Stock which are valued at a price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security (whether or not such payments in stock are subject to certain equity conditions). For purposes of determining the total consideration for a convertible instrument (including a right to purchase equity of the Company) issued, subject to an original issue or similar discount or which principal amount is directly or indirectly increased after issuance, the consideration will be deemed to be the actual cash amount received by the Company in consideration of the original issuance of such convertible instrument.
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“Warrants” means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and have a term of exercise equal to five years from such initial exercise date, in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.
“Warrant Exercise Price” means the exercise price provided in the Warrant.
“Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants at the Warrant Exercise Price.
ARTICLE II. PURCHASE AND SALE
2.1 Closing. On the Closing Dates, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase an aggregate of (i) Notes with a Face Value listed on the Purchaser’s signature page and (ii) Warrants to purchase shares equal to 50% of the Bridge Shares. On the Closing Date, the Purchaser shall deliver to the Company a signed copy of the Transaction Documents and, via wire transfer, immediately available funds equal to the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount. After receipt of the Subscription Amount, the Company shall deliver to the Purchaser countersigned copies of the Transaction Documents. Upon satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in Section 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the Company’s offices or such other location as the parties shall mutually agree.
2.2 Deliveries.
(a) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Purchaser the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;
(ii) a Note with a Face Value of $330,000 registered in the name of the Purchaser;
(iii) an original Warrant to purchase shares of Common Stock, exercisable at the Warrant
Exercise Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;
(iv) a Board Consent approving the issuance of the Notes and the execution of the Transaction Documents listed above on behalf of the Company.
(b) On or prior to the Closing Date each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Purchaser; and
(ii) the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the Company.
(c) On the (i) date of the pricing of the Company’s IPO, the Company shall deliver to each Purchaser shares of the Company’s common stock equal to 100% of the Face Value of each Purchaser’s Note divided by the Company’s IPO price upon or (ii) if the Company fails to complete the IPO before the Maturity Date, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock calculated using a $27 million pre- money valuation for the Company and the number of the Company’s shares outstanding on the Maturity Date.
2.3 Closing Conditions.
(a) The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
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(i) the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchaser contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed; and
(iii) the delivery by the Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.
(b) The respective obligations of the Purchaser hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
(iii) the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement; and
(iv) there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof.
ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF COMPANY
The Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser as of the date hereof:
3.1 Organization and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or Articles of Incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.
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3.2 Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. Subject to obtaining the Required Approvals, this Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
3.3 No Conflicts. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.3, the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and will not (i) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s Certificate or Articles of Incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
3.4 Filings, Consents and Approvals. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.4, the Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) blue sky filings or a Form D filing and (ii) such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (the “Required Approvals”).
3.5 Issuance of the Securities. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Shares, when issued will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company shall reserve from its duly authorized capital stock a number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Notes and Warrants.
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3.6 Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company is as set forth on Schedule 3.6. The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock awards under the Company’s equity incentive plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.6, as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchaser) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under any of such securities. There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders’ agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.
3.7 Subsidiaries. All of the direct and indirect Subsidiaries of the Company are set forth in Schedule 3.7. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
3.8 Financial Statements. The consolidated financial statements of the Company, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company for the periods specified and have been prepared in compliance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved.
3.9 Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest financial statements: (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company equity incentive plans. Other than as disclosed on Schedule 3.9, except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.
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3.10 Litigation. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.10, there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation, inquiry or other similar proceeding of any federal or state government unit pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the issuance of the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no reason to believe that an Action will be filed against it in the future except as disclosed on Schedule 3.10. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim for fraud or breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation or inquiry by the SEC involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The SEC has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Securities Act, and the Company has no reason to believe it will do so in the future.
3.11 Labor Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no effort is underway to unionize or organize the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no workmen’s compensation liability matter, employment-related charge, complaint, grievance, investigation, inquiry or obligation of any kind pending, or to the Company’s knowledge, threatened, relating to an alleged violation or breach by the Company or its Subsidiaries of any law, regulation or contract that could, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
3.12 Compliance. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.12, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
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3.13 Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
3.14 Regulatory Permits. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to possess such certificates, authorizations or permits would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit. There is no agreement, commitment, judgment, injunction, order or decree binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party which has or would reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or materially impairing any business practice of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any acquisition of property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the conduct of business by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as currently conducted other than such effects, individually or in the aggregate, which have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
3.15 Title to Assets. Subject to the Liens of the outstanding secured senior debt, the Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries. The Company owns no real property. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.
3.16 Intellectual Property.
(i) Subject to the Liens of the outstanding secured senior debt, to the Company’s knowledge, the Company owns or possesses or has the right to use pursuant to a valid and enforceable written license, sublicense, agreement, or permission all Intellectual Property necessary for the operation of the business of the Company as presently conducted.
(ii) To the Company’s knowledge, the Intellectual Property does not interfere with, infringe upon, misappropriate, or otherwise come into conflict with, any Intellectual Property rights of third parties, and the Company has no knowledge that facts exist which indicate a likelihood of the foregoing. The Company has not received any charge, complaint, claim, demand, or notice alleging any such interference, infringement, misappropriation, or conflict (including any claim that the Company must license or refrain from using any Intellectual Property rights of any third party). To the knowledge of the Company, no third party has interfered with, infringed upon, misappropriated, or otherwise come into conflict with, any Intellectual Property rights of the Company.
(iii) With respect to each Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement:
(A) The Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement is legal, valid, binding, enforceable, and in full force and effect;
(B) To the Company’s knowledge, no party to the Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement is in breach or default, and no event has occurred that with notice or lapse of time would constitute a breach or default or permit termination, modification, or acceleration thereunder, which as to any such breach, default or event could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company;
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(C) No party to such Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement has repudiated any provision thereof;
(D) Except as set forth in such Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement, the Company has not received written or verbal notice or otherwise has knowledge that the underlying item of Intellectual Property is subject to any outstanding injunction, judgment, order, decree, ruling, or charge; and
(E) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.16, the Company has not granted any sublicense or similar right with respect to the license, sublicense, agreement, or permission.
(iv) The Company has complied with and is presently in compliance with all foreign, federal, state, local, governmental (including, but not limited to, the Federal Trade Commission and State Attorneys General), administrative, or regulatory laws, regulations, guidelines, and rules applicable to any personal identifiable information.
(v) Each Person who participated in the creation, conception, invention or development of the Intellectual Property currently used in the business of the Company (each, a “Developer”) which is not licensed from third parties has executed one or more agreements containing industry standard confidentiality, work for hire and assignment provisions, whereby the Developer has assigned to the Company all copyrights, patent rights, Intellectual Property rights and other rights in the Intellectual Property, including all rights in the Intellectual Property that existed prior to the assignment of rights by such Person to the Company.
(vi) Each Developer has signed a perpetual non-disclosure agreement with the Company.
3.17 Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.
3.18 Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.18, none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock award agreements under any equity incentive plan of the Company.
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3.19 Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls. Except as disclosed in the Schedule 3.19, the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
3.20 Certain Fees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.20, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchaser shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due by the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
3.21 Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
3.22 Registration Rights. Except as disclosed on Schedule 3.22, no Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
3.23 Listing and Maintenance Requirements; Shell Company. The Company’s Common Stock is not quoted or listed on any Trading Market. The Company is not and has never been a shell company as such term is defined in Rule 12(b)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.
3.24 Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchaser as a result of the Purchaser and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchaser’s ownership of the Securities.
3.25 Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Purchaser or its agent or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed on Schedule 3.25. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchaser will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchaser regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the 12 months preceding the date of this Agreement do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Article IV hereof.
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3.26 No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Article IV, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable stockholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.
3.27 Solvency. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (ii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.27 sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $100,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $100,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.27, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
3.28 Tax Status. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns which have been required to be filed and paid all taxes shown thereon through the date hereof, to the extent that such taxes have become due and are not being contested in good faith, except where the failure to so file or pay would not have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 3.28, no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which has had, or would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any federal, state or other governmental tax deficiency, penalty or assessment which has been or might be asserted or threatened against it which would have a Material Adverse Effect
3.29 Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated any provision of FCPA.
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3.30 Acknowledgment Regarding Purchaser’s Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchaser’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.
3.31 Acknowledgement Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or elsewhere to the contrary (except for Sections 4.7 and 5.12 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) the Purchaser has not been asked by the Company to agree, nor has the Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which the Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the Common Stock, and (iv) the Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) the Purchaser may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.
3.32 Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.
3.33 Private Placement. Assuming the accuracy of each Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Article IV, no registration under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Notes or the Shares issuable upon conversion thereof by the Company to the Purchasers as contemplated hereby.
3.34 No General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any form of general solicitation or general advertising. The Company offered the Securities for sale only to the Purchaser and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.
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3.35 No Disqualification Events. With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506(b) under the Securities Act, none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale, nor any Person, including a placement agent, who will receive a commission or fees for soliciting purchasers (each, an “Issuer Covered Person” and, together, “Issuer Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Purchaser a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.
3.36 Notice of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Purchaser in writing, prior to the Closing Date of (i) any Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, reasonably be expected to become a Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person, in each case of which it is aware.
3.37 Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
3.38 U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.
3.39 Bank Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.
3.40 Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.
ARTICLE IV.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PURCHASERS
4.1 Representations and Warranties of the Purchaser. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein):
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4.2 Organization; Authority. The Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and performance by the Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of the Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by the Purchaser, and when delivered by the Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of the Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
4.3 Understandings or Arrangements. The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. The Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring such Securities as principal for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell such Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws).
4.4 Purchaser Status. At the time the Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, an accredited investor within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act. The Purchaser is not subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3).
4.5 Experience of the Purchaser. The Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. The Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
4.6 Access to Information. The Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and has been afforded, subject to Regulation FD, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment; provided, however, that the Purchaser has not requested nor been provided by the Company with any non-public information regarding the Company, its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects. The Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Company nor anyone else has provided the Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired.
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4.7 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, the Purchaser has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with the Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that the Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to the Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, the Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Article 4 shall not modify, amend or affect the Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby.
ARTICLE V.
OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
5.1 Removal of Legends.
The Shares and the Warrants may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of the Shares or Warrants other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser or in connection with a pledge as contemplated in Section 5.1(b), the Company may require the transferor to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company at the cost of the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Shares or Warrants under the Securities Act.
(a) Each Purchaser agrees to the imprinting, so long as is required by this Section 5.1, of a legend on any of the Shares or the Warrants in the following form:
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
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(b) The Company acknowledges and agrees that a Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a registered broker-dealer or grant a security interest in some or all of the Shares to a financial institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and who agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, such Purchaser may transfer pledged or secured Shares to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith. Further, no notice shall be required of such pledge. At the appropriate Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Shares may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Shares.
(c) Certificates evidencing the Shares (or the Transfer Agent’s records if held in book entry form) shall not contain any legend (including the legend set forth in Section 5.1(a) hereof): (i) while a registration statement covering the resale of such securities is effective under the Securities Act (the “Effective Date”), (ii) following any sale of such Shares pursuant to Rule 144, (iii) if such Shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or (iv) if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including Sections 4(a)(1) and 4(a)(7) judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the SEC). The Company shall, if any of the provisions in clause (i) –(iv) above are applicable, at its expense, cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent promptly after the Effective Date if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend hereunder. If all or any portion of a Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the resale of the Shares, or if such Shares may be sold under Rule 144 and the Company is then in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144, or if the Shares may be sold under Rule 144 without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or if such legend is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including Sections 4(a)(1) and 4(a)(7), judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the SEC) then such Shares shall be issued or reissued free of all legends. The Company agrees that following the effective date of any registration statement or at such time as such legend is no longer required under this Section 5.1(c), it will, no later than two Trading Days following the delivery by a Purchaser to the Company or the Transfer Agent of a certificate representing restricted Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend (such second Trading Day, the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to such Purchaser a certificate representing such Shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 5.1. Certificates for Shares subject to legend removal hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchaser by crediting the account of the Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company system as directed by such Purchaser. The Company shall be responsible for any delays caused by its Transfer Agent.
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(d) In addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, (i) the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for the value of the Warrant Shares for which a Warrant is being exercised (based on the Warrant Exercise Price), $20 per Trading Day for each Trading Day after the Legend Removal Date (increasing to $20 per Trading Day after the fifth Trading Day) until such certificate is delivered without a legend. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Company’s failure to deliver certificates representing any Securities as required by the Transaction Documents, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief, and (ii) if after the Legend Removal Date such Purchaser purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Purchaser of all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock, or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock that such Purchaser anticipated receiving from the Company without any restrictive legend, then, the Company shall pay to such Purchaser, in cash, an amount equal to the excess of such Purchaser’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) (the “Buy-In Price”) over the product of (A) such number of Shares that the Company was required to deliver to such Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date multiplied by (B) the highest closing sale price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the delivery by such Purchaser to the Company of the applicable Shares (as the case may be) and ending on the date of such delivery and payment under this Section 5.1(d).
(e) In the event a Purchaser shall request delivery of unlegended shares as described in this Section 5.1 and the Company is required to deliver such unlegended shares, (i) it shall pay all fees and expenses associated with or required by the legend removal and/or transfer including but not limited to legal fees, Transfer Agent fees and overnight delivery charges and taxes, if any, imposed by any applicable government upon the issuance of Common Stock; and (ii) the Company may not refuse to deliver unlegended shares based on any claim that such Purchaser or anyone associated or affiliated with such Purchaser has not complied with Purchaser’s obligations under the Transaction Documents, or for any other reason, unless, an injunction or temporary restraining order from a court, on notice, restraining and or enjoining delivery of such unlegended shares shall have been sought and obtained by the Company and the Company has posted a surety bond for the benefit of such Purchaser in the amount of the greater of (i) 150% of the amount of the aggregate purchase price of the Bridge Shares (based on the market price of the Bridge Shares) and Warrant Shares (based on exercise price in effect upon exercise) which is subject to the injunction or temporary restraining order, or (ii) the VWAP of the Common Stock on the Trading Day before the issue date of the injunction multiplied by the number of unlegended shares to be subject to the injunction, which bond shall remain in effect until the completion of the litigation of the dispute and the proceeds of which shall be payable to such Purchaser to the extent Purchaser obtains judgment in Purchaser’s favor.
5.2 Furnishing of Information.
(a) Until the earliest of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Shares or (ii) the Warrants have expired, the Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.
(b) At any time during the period commencing from the six month anniversary of the date hereof and ending at such time on the earlier to occur that the Warrants are not outstanding, terminated or that all of the Warrant Shares (assuming cashless exercise) may be sold without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144, if the Company (i) shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) for a period of more than 30 consecutive days or (ii) has ever been an issuer described in Rule 144(i)(1)(i) or becomes an issuer in the future, and the Company shall fail to satisfy any condition set forth in Rule 144(i)(2) for a period of more than 30 consecutive days (a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason of any such delay in or reduction of its ability to sell the Shares and/or Warrant Shares, an amount in cash equal to two percent of the aggregate Note Conversion Price of such Purchaser’s Note(s) and/or Warrant Exercise Price of such Purchaser’s Warrants on the day of a Public Information Failure and on every 30th day (pro-rated for periods totaling less than thirty days) thereafter until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information Failure is cured and (b) such time that such public information is no longer required for the Purchasers to transfer the Shares and/or Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144. Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the earlier of (i) the last day of the calendar month during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii) the second Trading Day after the event or failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure payments is cured. In the event the Company fails to make Public Information Failure payments in a timely manner, such Public Information Failure payments shall bear interest at the rate of one and one-half percent per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Public Information Failure, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.
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5.3 Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require stockholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.
5.4 Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the SEC or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of the Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the SEC and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchaser with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b).
5.5 Stockholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchaser.
5.6 Non-Public Information. When the Company’s Common Stock is quoted or listed on a Trading Market, to the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document or any other communications made by the Company, or information provided, to the Purchaser constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice or other material information with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. In addition to any other remedies provided by this Agreement or other Transaction Documents, if the Company knowingly provides any material, non- public information to the Purchasers without their prior written consent, and it fails to immediately (no later than that Trading Day) file a Form 8-K, once it is required to do so, disclosing this material, non-public information, it shall pay the Purchasers as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty a sum equal to $1,000 per day for each $100,000 of each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount beginning with the day the information is disclosed to the Purchaser and ending and including the day the Form 8-K disclosing this information is filed.
5.7 Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder for working capital purposes, and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any Indebtedness as defined in the Note, (b) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations, or (d) to lend money, give credit, or make advances to any officers, directors, employees or affiliates of the Company.
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5.8 Indemnification of Purchaser.
Subject to the provisions of this Section 5.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors, officers, stockholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls the Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, stockholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation (including local counsel, if retained) that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents, (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which constitutes fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or malfeasance) or (c) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any registration statement, any prospectus or any form of prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any prospectus or supplement thereto, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading. If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel (in addition to local counsel, if retained). The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The Purchaser Parties shall have the right to settle any action against any of them by the payment of money provided that they cannot agree to any equitable relief and the Company, its officers, directors and Affiliates receive unconditional releases in customary form. The indemnification required by this Section 5.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.
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5.9 Settlement Without Consent if Failure to Reimburse. If an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for reasonable fees and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by Section 5.8 effected without its written consent if (1) such settlement is entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request, (2) such indemnifying party shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at least 30 days prior to such settlement being entered into and (3) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement.
5.10 Listing of Common Stock. The Company agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any Trading Market, it will then include in such application all of the Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.
5.11 Senior Debt. The Company shall not issue any new indebtedness which is senior in rank to the Notes while the Notes are outstanding.
5.12 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. The Purchaser covenants that neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release. Each Purchaser covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release, the Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules. Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.
5.13 DTC Program. For so long as any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company will employ as the Transfer Agent for the Common Stock and Shares a participant in the Depository Trust Company Automated Securities Transfer Program and cause the Common Stock to be transferable pursuant to such program.
5.14 Maintenance of Property. The Company shall keep all of its property necessary for the operations of its business, which is necessary or useful to the conduct of its business, in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted.
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5.15 Preservation of Corporate Existence. The Company shall preserve and maintain its corporate existence, rights, privileges and franchises in the jurisdiction of its incorporation, and qualify and remain qualified, as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary in view of its business or operations and where the failure to qualify or remain qualified might reasonably have a Material Adverse Effect upon the financial condition, business or operations of the Company taken as a whole.
5.16 No Registration of Securities on Form S-1. Other than the registration rights provided hereunder, for the initial six months the Notes are outstanding, the Company will not file any registration statements on Form S-1. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing shall not prevent the Company from filing a Registration Statement on Form S-8 with respect to equity compensation plans.
5.17 Variable Rate Transactions. While any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company shall be prohibited from entering a Variable Rate Transaction without the prior consent of the holders of more than 50% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes.
5.18 Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement.
(a) With respect to the Shares, the Company shall:
(1) With the next Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed by the Company, include the Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement and use its best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective and remain effective as provided herein.
(2) Prepare and file with the SEC such amendments, including post-effective amendments, to the Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement continuously effective as to the applicable Registrable Securities until such time as all of the Registerable Securities have been sold by the Holder or he is eligible to otherwise remove the restrictive legend and effect a sale other than through the Registration Statement.
(3) Use its best efforts to avoid the issuance of, or, if issued, obtain the withdrawal of, (i) any order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or (ii) any suspension of the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any U.S. jurisdiction, at the earliest practicable moment.
(4) Furnish to the Holder, without charge, at least one conformed copy of each Registration Statement and each amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules, all documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference, and all exhibits to the extent requested by the Holder (including those previously furnished or incorporated by reference) promptly after the filing of such documents with the SEC.
(b) The Purchaser agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Company, the Purchaser shall not, during the period ending 90 days after the date of the prospectus filed with the SEC in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-1 described in Section 5.18(a): (1) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Registrable Securities or (2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Registrable Securities.
5.19 Conversion to a Corporation. The Company shall convert from a limited liability company to a corporation on or before June 30, 2022.
5.20 Right of Participation. For so long as Notes are outstanding, the Purchasers shall be given the right to purchase 20% of the shares issued in the Company’s IPO on a pro rata basis.
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ARTICLE IV. MISCELLANEOUS
6.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated by the Purchaser by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before June 15, 2022; provided, however, that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).
6.2 Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth below and in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchaser.
6.3 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.
6.4 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered by email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. ( Eastern Standard or Daylight Savings Time, as applicable) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second Trading Day following the date of transmission, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight delivery service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall, if the Company’s Common Stock is quoted or listed on a Trading Market, simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K, or which failure to do so will subject the Company to the liquidated damages provided for in Article 5.
6.5 Amendments; Waivers. Except as provided in the last sentence of this Section 6.5, no provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and a majority in interest of the outstanding balance of the Note or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right. Any amendment effected in accordance with accordance with this Section 6.5 shall be binding upon the Purchaser and holder of Securities and the Company.
6.6 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
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6.7 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser. Each Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the Purchaser.
6.8 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 6.7 and this Section 6.8.
6.9 Governing Law; Exclusive Jurisdiction; Attorneys’ Fees. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, stockholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the New York County, New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the New York County, New York for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Agreement, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
6.10 Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
6.11 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf' format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf' signature page were an original thereof.
6.12 Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
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6.13 Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then that Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that in the case of a rescission of an conversion of a Note, the Purchaser shall be required to return any Shares subject to any such rescinded Conversion Notice concurrently with the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to the Purchaser’s Note.
6.14 Replacement of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction without requiring the posting of any bond.
6.15 Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each Purchaser and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.
6.16 Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
6.17 Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.
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6.18 Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.
6.19 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
6.20 Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.
6.21 Waiver of jury trial. In any action, suit, or proceeding in any jurisdiction brought by any party against any other party, the parties each knowingly and intentionally, to the greatest extent permitted by applicable law, hereby absolutely, unconditionally, irrevocably and expressly waive forever trial by jury.
6.22 Non-Circumvention. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Company will not, by amendment of its Articles of Incorporation, including any Certificates of Designation, or Bylaws or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution, issue or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Agreement, and will at all times in good faith carry out all of the provision of this Agreement and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of all holders of the Securities. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing or any other provision of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, the Company (a) shall not increase the par value of any Shares and (b) shall take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Shares.
(Signature Pages Follow)
| 27 | Securities Purchase Agrement |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC | Address for Notice: | ||||
| By: | |||||
| Name: Geoffrey Dow | |||||
| Title: Chief Executive Office | |||||
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]
PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGE TO
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| Name of Purchaser: Bigger Capital Fund, LP | |
| Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: | |
| Name of Authorized Signatory: Michael Bigger | |
| Title of Authorized Signatory: Managing Member of the GP | |
| Email Address of Authorized Signatory: | |
| Facsimile Number of Authorized Signatory: | |
| Address for Notice to Purchaser: |
| Address for Delivery of Securities to Purchaser (if not same as address for notice): |
| Face Value $330,000 | |||
| Subscription Amount: $300,000 | |||
| EIN Number: | |||
Purchaser Signature Page
Exhibit 10.8
EXHIBIT B
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES FOR WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
Warrant Shares: <WARRANT SHARES>
Initial Exercise Date: [*], 2022
THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, Bigger Capital Fund LP, or its assigns (the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after the date hereof (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to the close of business on the fifth year anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”), up to
<WARRANT SHARES> shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”). The purchase price of one Warrant Share under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b). This Warrant issued pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) entered into as of the Initial Exercise Date between the Company and the initial Holder.
Section 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated May 24, 2022 among the Company and the Purchasers.
Section 2. Exercise.
(a) Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice in writing to the registered Holder at the address of the Holder appearing on the books of the Company) of a duly executed copy of the Notice of Exercise Form annexed hereto. Within two Trading Days following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank, unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary (although the Holder may surrender the Warrant to, and receive a replacement Warrant from, the Company), the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within two Trading Days of the date the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise Form within one Trading Day of delivery of such notice. The Holder by acceptance of this Warrant or any transferee, acknowledges and agrees that, by reason of the provisions of this Section 2(a), following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
(b) Exercise Price. The initial exercise price per share of the Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to 110% of the IPO (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) price (the “Exercise Price”).
(c) Cashless Exercise. Other than as provided for in Section 2(f), if at any time after the six month anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date, there is no effective Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder (or the prospectus does not meet the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act), then this Warrant may also be exercised at the Holder’s election, in whole or in part and in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the Company upon such exercise, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the number obtained by dividing [(A - B) times (C)] by (A), where:
| (A) = | the greater of (i) the arithmetic average of the VWAPs for the five consecutive Trading Days ending on the date immediately preceding the date on which the Holder elects to exercise this Warrant by means of a “cashless exercise,” as set forth in the applicable Notice of Exercise or (ii) the VWAP for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date on which the Holder makes such “cashless exercise” election; |
| (B) = | the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder, at the time of such exercise; and |
| (C) = | the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise; |
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)) (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), (b) if no volume weighted average price of the Common Stock is reported for the Trading Market, the most recent reported bid price per share of the Common Stock, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
If Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the characteristics of the Warrants being exercised, and the holding period of the Warrants being exercised may be tacked on to the holding period of the Warrant Shares. The Company agrees not to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
| 2 | Warrant |
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if on the Termination Date (unless the Holder notifies the Company otherwise) if there is no effective Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder, then this Warrant shall be automatically exercised via cashless exercise pursuant to this Section 2(c).
(d) Mechanics of Exercise.
(i) Delivery of Certificates Upon Exercise. Certificates for the shares of Common Stock purchased hereunder shall be transmitted to the Holder by the Transfer Agent by crediting the account of the Holder’s prime broker with The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise and Rule 144 is available, or otherwise by physical delivery to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is two Trading Days after the latest of (A) the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and (B) payment of the aggregate Exercise Price as set forth above (unless by cashless exercise, if permitted) (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”). The Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have been issued, and Holder or any other person so designated to be named therein shall be deemed to have become a holder of record of such shares for all purposes, as of the date the Warrant has been exercised, with payment to the Company of the Exercise Price (or by cashless exercise, if permitted). The Company understands that a delay in the delivery of the Warrant Shares after the Warrant Share Delivery Date could result in economic loss to the Holder. As compensation to the Holder for such loss, the Company agrees to pay (as liquidated damages and not as a penalty) to the Holder for late issuance of Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant the proportionate amount of $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day after the fifth Trading Day) after the Warrant Share Delivery Date for each $1,000 of the value of the Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercised (based on the Exercise Price) which are not timely delivered. In no event shall liquidated damages for any one transaction exceed $1,000 for the first 10 Trading Days. Furthermore, in addition to any other remedies which may be available to the Holder, in the event that the Company fails for any reason to effect delivery of the Warrant Shares by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Holder may revoke all or part of the relevant Warrant exercise by delivery of a notice to such effect to the Company, whereupon the Company and the Holder shall each be restored to their respective positions immediately prior to the exercise of the relevant portion of this Warrant, except that the liquidated damages described above shall be payable through the date notice of revocation or rescission is given to the Company or the date the Warrant Shares are delivered to the Holder, whichever date is earlier.
(ii) Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant, at the time of delivery of the certificate or certificates representing Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects be identical to this Warrant. Unless the Warrant has been fully exercised, the Holders shall not be required to surrender this Warrant as a condition of exercise.
(iii) Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to deliver the Warrant Shares or cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder a certificate or the certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right, at any time prior to issuance of such Warrant Shares, to rescind such exercise.
| 3 | Warrant |
(iv) Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Certificates Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to deliver the Warrant Shares, or cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the certificate or certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall pay in cash to the Holder the amount as provided under Section 4.1(e) of the Purchase Agreement. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
(v) No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
(vi) Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of certificates for Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such certificate including any charges of any clearing firm, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such certificates shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise. The Company shall (A) pay the reasonable legal fees of the Holder’s choice (in an amount not to exceed $500 per opinion, and not more often than once per week) in connection with the exercise of the Warrants, (B) cause its attorneys to promptly provide any reliance opinion to the Transfer Agent, and (C) pay the Holder the sums required under Section 2(d)(iv).
(vii) Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
(e) Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Company, may increase the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Warrant, provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply. Any such increase will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The Holder may also decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Warrant at any time, which decrease shall be effectively immediately upon delivery of notice to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
| 4 | Warrant |
Section 3. Certain Adjustments.
(a) Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this Warrant or pursuant to any of the other Transaction Documents), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. If and whenever on or after the Initial Exercise Date, the Company issues or sells, or in accordance with this Section 3 is deemed to have issued or sold, any shares of Common Stock (including the issuance or sale of shares of Common Stock owned or held by or for the account of the Company, issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold) for a consideration per share (the “Base Share Price”) less than a price equal to the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale (such Exercise Price then in effect is referred to herein as the “Applicable Price”) (the foregoing a “Dilutive Issuance”), then immediately after such Dilutive Issuance, the Exercise Price then in effect shall be reduced to an amount equal to the Base Share Price. For all purposes of the foregoing (including, without limitation, determining the adjusted Exercise Price and the Base Share Price under this Section 3(b)), the following shall be applicable:
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(i) Issuance of Options. If the Company in any manner grants or sells any Options and the lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is at any time issuable upon the exercise of any such Option or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the granting or sale of such Option for such price per share. For purposes of this Section 3(b)(i), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof” shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to any one share of Common Stock upon the granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof and (y) the lowest exercise price set forth in such Option for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Option (or any other Person) upon the granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Option (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock or of such Convertible Securities upon the exercise of such Options or otherwise pursuant to the terms of or upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities.
(ii) Issuance of Convertible Securities. If the Company in any manner issues or sells any Convertible Securities and the lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is at any time issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities for such price per share. For the purposes of this Section 3(b)(ii), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof” shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to one share of Common Stock upon the issuance or sale of the Convertible Security and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Security or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof and (y) the lowest conversion price set forth in such Convertible Security for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person) upon the issuance or sale of such Convertible Security plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof, and if any such issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities is made upon exercise of any Options for which adjustment of this Warrant has been or is to be made pursuant to other provisions of this Section 3(b), except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made by reason of such issuance or sale.
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(iii) Change in Option Price or Rate of Conversion. “Convertible Securities” means any stock or other security (other than Options) that is at any time and under any circumstances, directly or indirectly, convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or which otherwise entitles the holder thereof to acquire, any shares of Common Stock. If the purchase or exercise price provided for in any Options, the additional consideration, if any, payable upon the issue, conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities, or the rate at which any Convertible Securities are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock increases or decreases at any time (other than proportional changes in conversion or exercise prices, as applicable, in connection with an event referred to in Section 3(a)), the Exercise Price in effect at the time of such increase or decrease shall be adjusted to the Exercise Price which would have been in effect at such time had such Options or Convertible Securities provided for such increased or decreased purchase price, additional consideration or increased or decreased conversion rate, as the case may be, at the time initially granted, issued or sold. For purposes of this Section 3(b)(iii), if the terms of any Option or Convertible Security that was outstanding as of the Closing Date are increased or decreased in the manner described in the immediately preceding sentence, then such Option or Convertible Security and the shares of Common Stock deemed issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange thereof shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of such increase or decrease. No adjustment pursuant to this Section 3(b) shall be made if such adjustment would result in an increase of the Exercise Price then in effect.
(iv) Calculation of Consideration Received. If any Option is issued in connection with the issuance or sale of any other securities of the Company together comprising one integrated transaction in which no specific consideration is allocated to such Option by the parties thereto, the Options will be deemed to have been issued for a consideration of par value of the Company’s Common Stock. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the consideration received therefor will be deemed to be the net amount of consideration received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company for such securities will be the arithmetic average of the VWAPs of such security for each of the five Trading Days immediately preceding the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities. The fair value of any consideration other than cash or publicly traded securities will be determined jointly by the Company and the Holder. If such parties are unable to reach agreement within 10 days after the occurrence of an event requiring valuation (the “Valuation Event”), the fair value of such consideration will be determined within five Trading Days after the 10th day following such Valuation Event by an independent, reputable appraiser jointly selected by the Company and the Holder. The determination of such appraiser shall be final and binding upon all parties absent manifest error. If such appraiser’s valuation differs by less than 5% from the Company’s proposed valuation, the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall be borne by the Holder, and if such appraiser’s valuation differs by more than 5% from the Company’s proposed valuation, the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall be borne by the Company.
(v) Record Date. If the Company takes a record of the holders of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of entitling them (A) to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in shares of Common Stock, Options or in Convertible Securities or (B) to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities, then such record date will be deemed to be the date of the issuance or sale of the shares of Common Stock deemed to have been issued or sold upon the declaration of such dividend or the making of such other distribution or the date of the granting of such right of subscription or purchase (as the case may be).
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(vi) Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 3(b) shall not apply to any Exempt Issuances.
(c) Full Ratchet Increase in Warrant Shares. Until the Notes are no longer outstanding, whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted under Section 3(b), the number of Warrant Shares shall be increased on a full ratchet basis to the number of shares of Common Stock determined by multiplying the Exercise Price then in effect immediately prior to such adjustment by the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant immediately prior to such adjustment and dividing the product thereof by the Exercise Price resulting from such adjustment. By way of example, if E is the total number of Warrant Shares in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance, F is the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance, and G is the Dilutive Issuance Price, the adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares can be expressed in the following formula: Total number of Warrant Shares after such Dilutive Issuance = the number obtained from dividing [E x F] by G. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Exercise Price is being adjusted as a result of a sale of securities, this Section 3(c) shall NOT apply if the Holder is offered the right to participate (in an amount not to exceed $50,000 unless agreed to by the Holder and the Company) and does not participate.
(d) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Purchase Rights will be made under this Section 3(d) in respect of an Exempt Issuance.
(e) Pro Rata Distributions. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, shall distribute to all holders of Common Stock (and not to the Holder) evidences of its indebtedness or assets (including cash and cash dividends) or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security other than the Common Stock (which shall be subject to Section 3(d)), then in each such case the Exercise Price shall be adjusted by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the record date fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the VWAP determined as of the record date mentioned above, and of which the numerator shall be such VWAP on such record date less the then per share fair market value at such record date of the portion of such assets or evidence of indebtedness so distributed applicable to one outstanding share of the Common Stock as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith. In either case the adjustments shall be described in a statement provided to the Holder of the portion of assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed or such subscription rights applicable to one share of Common Stock. Such adjustment shall be made whenever any such distribution is made and shall become effective immediately after the record date mentioned above.
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(f) Fundamental Transaction.
(i) If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions engages in any Fundamental Transaction, as defined in the Note, then, upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant), at the option of the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall not effect a Fundamental Transaction unless it gives the Holder at least 10 Trading Days prior notice together with sufficient details so the Holder can make an informed decision as to whether it elects to accept the Alternative Consideration. If a public announcement of the Fundamental Transaction has not been made, the notice to the Holder may not be given until the Company files a Form 8-K or other report disclosing the Fundamental Transaction.
(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction, provided that the Warrant Shares are not registered under an effective registration statement, the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, exercisable at any time concurrently with, or within 30 days after, the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction or (ii) the positive difference between the cash per share paid in such Fundamental Transaction minus the then in effect Exercise Price. “Black Scholes Value” means the value of the unexercised portion of this Warrant based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg L.P. determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg L.P. as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date.
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(iii) If Section 3(f)(i) and (ii) are not applicable, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(f)(iii) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant), and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein.
(g) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
(h) Notice to Holder.
(i) Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly email to the Holder a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment. The Holder may supply an email address to the Company and change such address.
(ii) Notice to Allow Exercise by the Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall deliver to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 5 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to email such notice or any defect therein or in the emailing thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Company), the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
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Section 4. Transfer of Warrant.
(a) Transferability. Subject to compliance with any applicable securities laws and the provisions of the Purchase Agreement, this Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Upon such surrender, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new Holder for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
(b) New Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
(c) Warrant Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.
Section 5. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof other than as explicitly set forth in Section 3.
(b) Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it, and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate. In no event shall the Holder be required to deliver a bond or other security.
(c) Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
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(d) Authorized Shares.
Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its Articles of Incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use best efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
(e) Jurisdiction. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
(f) Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered or if not exercised on a cashless basis when Rule 144 (or any successor law or rule) is available, may have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
(g) Non-waiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of the Holder shall operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision of this Warrant or the Purchase Agreement, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
(h) Notices. Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the Holder by the Company shall be delivered in accordance with the notice provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
(i) Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.
(j) Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate or that there is no irreparable harm and not to require the posting of a bond or other security.
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(k) Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable by the Holder of Warrant Shares.
(l) Amendment. This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company and Holders of 75% of the outstanding Warrants issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
(m) Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.
(n) Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.
| 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | |
| Name: | Geoffrey Dow | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
TO: 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC
(1) The undersigned hereby elects to purchase_______Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2) Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
☐ in lawful money of the United States; or
☐ if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3) Please issue a certificate or certificates representing said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
(4) After giving effect to this Notice of Exercise, the undersigned will not have exceeded the Beneficial Ownership Limitation.
The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number or by physical delivery of a certificate to:
| SIGNATURE OF HOLDER |
| Name of Investing Entity: |
| Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity: |
| Name of Authorized Signatory: |
| Title of Authorized Signatory: |
| Date: |
ASSIGNMENT FORM
(To assign the foregoing warrant,
execute
this form and supply required information.
Do not use this form to exercise the warrant.)
60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC
FOR VALUE RECEIVED,_______all of or______shares of the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
| whose address is | |
Dated: ___________, _____
| Holder’s Signature: | |
| Holder’s Address: | |
| Signature Guaranteed: |
NOTE: The signature to this Assignment Form must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of the Warrant, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever, and must be guaranteed by a bank or trust company. Officers of corporations and those acting in a fiduciary or other representative capacity should file proper evidence of authority to assign the foregoing Warrant.
Exhibit 10.9
EXHIBIT A
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS CONVERTIBLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
Original Issue Date: May 24, 2022
$330,000 Principal and Face Value
$300,000 Purchase Price and Subscription Amount
$ 30,000 Original Issue Discount
ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT PROMISSORY NOTE
THIS ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE is duly authorized and validly issued at a 10% original issue discount by 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”) (the “Note”).
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the Company promises to pay to Bigger Capital Fund, LP, or its permitted assigns (the “Holder”), the principal sum of $330,000 on the earlier of May 24, 2023, the date of the Company’s IPO, or such earlier date as this Note is required or permitted to be repaid as provided hereunder, and to pay interest to the Holder on the aggregate then outstanding principal amount of this Note in accordance with the provisions hereof. This Note is subject to the following additional provisions:
Section 1. Definitions. For the purposes hereof, (a) capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Purchase Agreement and (b) the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings:
“Alternate Consideration” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e).
“Bankruptcy Event” means any of the following events: (a) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof commences a case or other proceeding under any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment of debt, relief of debtors, dissolution, insolvency or liquidation or similar law of any jurisdiction relating to the Company or any Subsidiary thereof, (b) there is commenced against the Company or any Subsidiary thereof any such case or proceeding that is not dismissed within 60 days after commencement, (c) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof is adjudicated insolvent or bankrupt or any order of relief or other order approving any such case or proceeding is entered, (d) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof suffers any appointment of any custodian or the like for it or any substantial part of its property that is not discharged or stayed within 60 calendar days after such appointment, (e) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, (f) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof calls a meeting of its creditors with a view to arranging a composition, adjustment or restructuring of its debts or (g) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof, by any act or failure to act, expressly indicates its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any of the foregoing or takes any corporate or other action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing.
“Base Conversion Price” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
“Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(f).
“Black Scholes Value” means the value of the outstanding principal amount of this Note, plus all accrued and unpaid interest hereon based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Maturity Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Maturity Date.
“Buy-In” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d)(v).
“Change of Control Transaction” means the occurrence after the date hereof of any of (a) an acquisition after the date hereof by an individual or legal entity or “group” (as described in Rule 13d-5(b)(1) promulgated under the Exchange Act) of effective control (whether through legal or beneficial ownership of capital stock of the Company, by contract or otherwise) of in excess of 50% of the voting securities of the Company (other than by means of conversion, exercise or exchange of this Note or the Warrants issued together with this Note), (b) the Company merges into or consolidates with any other Person, or any Person merges into or consolidates with the Company and, after giving effect to such transaction, the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such transaction own less than 50% of the aggregate voting power of the Company or the successor entity of such transaction, (c) the Company sells or transfers all or substantially all of its assets to another Person, (d) a replacement at one time or within a three year period of more than one-half of the members of the Board of Directors which is not approved by a majority of those individuals who are members of the Board of Directors on the Original Issue Date (or by those individuals who are serving as members of the Board of Directors on any date whose nomination to the Board of Directors was approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors who are members on the date hereof), or (d) the execution by the Company of an agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound, providing for any of the events set forth in clauses (a) through (d) above.
“Default Interest Rate” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a).
“Dilutive Issuance” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
“Dilutive Issuance Notice” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b)(5).
“DWAC” means the Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system at The Depository Trust Company.
“Event of Default” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(a).
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Fundamental Transaction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e).
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“IPO” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(b).
“Liens” shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
“Note Register” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(c).
“Notice of Conversion” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(a).
“Mandatory Default Amount” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(b).
“Option Value” means the value of a Common Stock Equivalent based on the Black Scholes Option Pricing model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg determined as of (A) the Trading Day prior to the public announcement of the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent, if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, for pricing purposes and reflecting (i) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the remaining term of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent as of the applicable date of determination, (ii) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, (iii) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the highest VWAP of the Common Stock during the period beginning on the Trading Day prior to the execution of definitive documentation relating to the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent and ending on (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of such issuance, if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, (iv) a zero cost of borrow and (v) a 360 day annualization factor.
“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of this Note, regardless of any transfers of this Note and regardless of the number of instruments which may be issued to evidence this Note.
“Permitted Indebtedness” means (a) the indebtedness evidenced by this Note, (b) senior secured non-convertible loans from traditional commercials banks with interest per annum not to exceed 12%, (c) capital lease obligations and purchase money indebtedness incurred in connection with the acquisition of machinery and equipment as long as such capital leases and indebtedness are approved in advance by the Holder and (d) the Indebtedness set forth on Schedule 3.27 to the Purchase Agreement).
“Permitted Lien” means the individual and collective reference to the following: (a) Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies not yet due or Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings for which adequate reserves (in the good faith judgment of the management of the Company) have been established in accordance with GAAP, (b) Liens imposed by law which were incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, such as carriers’, warehousemen’s and mechanics’ Liens, statutory landlords’ Liens, and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, and which (x) do not individually or in the aggregate materially detract from the value of such property or assets or materially impair the use thereof in the operation of the business of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries or (y) are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, which proceedings have the effect of preventing for the foreseeable future the forfeiture or sale of the property or asset subject to such Lien, (c) Liens incurred in connection with Permitted Indebtedness under clauses (a) through (d) thereunder, and Liens set forth on Schedule 3.1(aa) to the Purchase Agreement.
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“Purchase Agreement” means the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 24, 2022, among the Company and the original Holders, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with its terms.
“Share Delivery Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d)(ii).
“Successor Entity” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e)(2).
“Transaction Documents” means the Note, the Purchase Agreement and the Warrant.
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)) (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), (b) if no volume weighted average price of the Common Stock is reported for the Trading Market, the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holder and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
Section 2. Payments of Principal and Interest.
All principal, accrued interest and other amounts due shall be paid in U.S. Dollars by wire transfer of immediately available funds. The Company may repay the Holder before the Maturity Date without penalty.
Interest shall accrue to the Holder on the aggregate then outstanding principal amount of this Note at the rate of 10% per annum, calculated on the basis of a 360-day year and shall accrue daily commencing on the Original Issue Date until payment in full of the outstanding principal, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, liquidated damages and other amounts which may become due hereunder, has been made. During the existence of an Event of Default, interest shall accrue at the lesser of (i) the rate of 15% per annum, or (ii) the maximum amount permitted by law (the lesser of clause (i) or (ii), the “Default Interest Rate”). Once an Event of Default is cured, the interest rate shall return to 10%.
Section 3. Registration of Transfers and Exchanges.
(a) Different Denominations. This Note is exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of Notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same. No service charge or other fees will be payable for such registration of transfer or exchange.
(b) Investor Representations. This Note has been issued subject to certain investment representations of the original Holder set forth in the Purchase Agreement and may be transferred or exchanged only in compliance with the Purchase Agreement and applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations.
(c) Reliance on Note Register. Prior to due presentment for transfer to the Company of this Note, the Company and any agent of the Company may treat the Person in whose name this Note is duly registered on the Note Register as the owner hereof for the purpose of receiving payment as herein provided and for all other purposes, whether or not this Note is overdue, and neither the Company nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
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Section 4. Conversion.
This Note does not have a conversion feature.
Section 5. Certain Adjustments.
(a) Stock Dividends and Stock Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Note is outstanding:
(i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions payable in shares of Common Stock on shares of Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalents, (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of a reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares or (iv) issues, in the event of a reclassification of shares of the Common Stock, any shares of capital stock of the Company, then the Conversion Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Company) outstanding immediately before such event, and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 5(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. (1) At any time, for so long as the Note or any amounts accrued and payable thereunder remain outstanding, the Company or any Subsidiary, as applicable, sells or grants any option to purchase or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of or issues (or announces any sale, grant or any option to purchase or other disposition), any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents entitling any Person to acquire shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect (such lower price, the “Base Conversion Price” and each such issuance or announcement a “Dilutive Issuance”), then the Conversion Price shall be immediately reduced to equal the Base Conversion Price. Such adjustment shall be made whenever such Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued.
(2) If any Common Stock Equivalent is amended or adjusted, and such price as so amended shall be less than the Conversion Price in effect at the time of such amendment or adjustment, then the Conversion Price shall be adjusted upon each such issuance or amendment as provided in this Section 5(b). In case any Common Stock Equivalent is issued in connection with the issue or sale of other securities of the Company, together comprising one integrated transaction, (x) the Common Stock Equivalents will be deemed to have been issued for the Option Value of such Common Stock Equivalents and (y) the other securities issued or sold in such integrated transaction shall be deemed to have been issued or sold for the difference of (I) the aggregate consideration received by the Company less any consideration paid or payable by the Company pursuant to the terms of such other securities of the Company, less (II) the Option Value. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be deemed to be the net amount received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company will be the average VWAP of such public traded securities for the ten days prior to the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, as the case may be.
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(3) If the holder of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents outstanding on the Original Issue Date or issued after the Original Issuance Date shall at any time, whether by operation of purchase price adjustments, reset provisions, floating conversion, exercise or exchange prices or otherwise, or due to warrants, options or rights per share which are issued in connection with such issuance, be entitled to receive shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect, such issuance shall be deemed to have occurred for less than the Conversion Price on such date and such issuance shall be deemed to be a Dilutive Issuance.
(4) If the Company enters into a Variable Rate Transaction despite the prohibition set forth in the Purchase Agreement, the Company shall be deemed to have issued Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents at the lowest possible conversion price at which such securities may be converted or exercised under the terms of such Variable Rate Transaction.
(5) The Company shall notify the Holder in writing, no later than the Trading Day following the issuance of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents subject to this Section 5(b), indicating therein the applicable issuance price, or applicable reset price, exchange price, conversion price and other pricing terms (such notice, the “Dilutive Issuance Notice”).
(6) The provisions of this Section 5(b) shall apply each time a Dilutive Issuance occurs after the Original Issue Date for so long as the Note or any amounts accrued and payable thereunder remain outstanding, but any adjustment of the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 5(b) shall be downward only.
(7) The provisions of this Section 5(b) shall not apply to Exempt Issuances.
(c) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 5(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock, Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of Bridge Shares, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
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(d) Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Note is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets or rights or warrants to acquire its assets, or subscribe for or purchase any security other than Common Stock, to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”), at any time after the issuance of this Note, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of Bridge Shares (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder's right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation with respect to the Company or any other publicly-traded corporation subject to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation with respect to the Company or any other publicly-traded corporation subject to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act).
(e) Fundamental Transaction. (1) If, at any time while this Note is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent conversion of this Note, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Conversion Share that would have been issuable upon such conversion immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the conversion of this Note), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Note is convertible immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the conversion of this Note). For purposes of any such conversion, the determination of the Conversion Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Conversion Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any conversion of this Note following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall not effect a Fundamental Transaction unless it gives the Holder at least 10 Trading Days prior notice together with sufficient details so the Holder can make an informed decision as to whether it elects to accept the Alternative Consideration. If a public announcement of the Fundamental Transaction has not been made, the notice to the Holder may not be given until the Company files a Form 8-K or other report disclosing the Fundamental Transaction.
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(2) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, provided that the Warrant Shares are not registered under an effective registration statement, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction that is (x) an all cash transaction, (y) a “Rule 13e-3 transaction” as defined in Rule 13e-3 under the Exchange Act, or (z) a Fundamental Transaction involving a person or entity not traded on a national securities exchange or trading market (with such exchange or market including, without limitation, the Nasdaq Global Select Trading Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, or the Nasdaq Capital Market, the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., the NYSE American or any market operated by the OTC Markets, Inc.), the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, concurrently with the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Note from the Holder by paying to the Holder the higher of (i) an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the outstanding principal of this Note on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction
(3) If Section 5(e)(1) and (2) are not applicable, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5(e) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Note a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Note. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Note and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5(e), an Exempt Issuance (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) shall not be deemed a Fundamental Transaction.
(f) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 5 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 5, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Company) issued and outstanding.
(g) Notice to the Holder.
(i) Adjustment to Conversion Price. Whenever the Conversion Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 5, the Company shall promptly deliver to each Holder a notice setting forth the Conversion Price after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
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(ii) Notice to Allow Conversion by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on its Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of its Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of its Common Stock of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any shareholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of its Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby its Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be filed at each office or agency maintained, and shall cause to be delivered to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Note Register, at least 5 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of its Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of its Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange, provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Company), the Company or its successor shall simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. If the Company does not simultaneously file the required Form 8-K, the Holder shall be entitled penalties in accordance with Section 5.6 of the Purchase Agreement.
Section 6. Negative Covenants. As long as any portion of this Note remains outstanding, unless all of the Holders of the then outstanding Notes shall have otherwise given prior written consent, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of the Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:
(a) other than Permitted Indebtedness, enter into, create, incur, assume, guarantee or suffer to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money of any kind, including, but not limited to, a guarantee, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;
(b) other than Permitted Liens, enter into, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Liens of any kind, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;
(c) amend its charter documents, including, without limitation, its articles of incorporation and bylaws, in any manner that materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder, increases in authorized shares and stock splits shall not be deemed to materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder;
(d) purchase or otherwise acquire more than a de minimis number of shares of its Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents;
(e) repay, or offer to repay, any Indebtedness, other than Permitted Indebtedness, as such terms Indebtedness and Permitted Indebtedness are in effect as of the Original Issue Date;
(f) pay cash dividends or distributions on any equity securities of the Company;
(g) enter into any transaction with any Affiliate of the Company which would be required to be disclosed in any public filing with the SEC assuming that the Company is subject to the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, unless such transaction is made on an arm’s-length basis and expressly approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company (even if less than a quorum otherwise required for board approval);
(h) issue any equity securities of the Company other than pursuant to the provisions of the Purchase Agreement or an Exempt Issuance; or
(i) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the foregoing.
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Section 7. Events of Default.
(a) “Event of Default” means, wherever used herein, any of the following events (whatever the reason for such event and whether such event shall be voluntary or involuntary or effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court, or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):
(i) any default in the payment of (A) principal and interest payment under this Note or any other Indebtedness, or (B) late fees, liquidated damages and other amounts owing to the Holder of this Note, as and when the same shall become due and payable (whether on a Conversion Date, or the Maturity Date, or by acceleration or otherwise), which default, solely in the case of a default under clause (B) above, is not cured within five Trading Days;
(ii) the Company shall fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in this Note (other than a breach by the Company of its obligations to deliver Shares, which breach is addressed in clause (x) below) or any Transaction Document which failure is not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of 15 Trading Days after notice of such failure is sent by the Holder or by any other Holder to the Company and (B) 10 Trading Days after the Company has become aware of such failure;
(iii) except for payment defaults covered under Section 7(a)(i), the Company shall breach, or a default or event of default (subject to any grace or cure period provided in the applicable agreement, document or instrument) shall occur under, (A) any of the Transaction Documents or (B) any other material agreement, lease, document or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary is obligated (and not covered by any other clause of this Section 7) which default or event of default if not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of (i) 10 Trading Days after notice of such default sent by Holder or by any other holder to the Company and (ii) five Trading Days after the Company has become aware of such default;
(iv) any representation or warranty made in this Note, any other Transaction Document, any written statement pursuant hereto or thereto or any other report, financial statement or certificate made or delivered to the Holder or any other Holder shall be untrue or incorrect in any material respect as of the date when made or deemed made, which failure is not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of 10 Trading Days after notice of such failure is sent by the Holder or by any other Holder to the Company;
(v) the Company or any Subsidiary shall be subject to a Bankruptcy Event;
(vi) the Company or any Subsidiary shall: (A) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of it or any of its properties; (B) admit in writing its inability to pay its debts as they mature; (C) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; (D) be adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent or be the subject of an order for relief under Title 11 of the United States Code or any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute of any other jurisdiction or foreign country; or (E) file a voluntary petition in bankruptcy, or a petition or an answer seeking reorganization or an arrangement with creditors or to take advantage or any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute, or an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any proceeding under any such law, or (F) take or permit to be taken any action in furtherance of or for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing;
(vii) if any order, judgment or decree shall be entered, without the application, approval or consent of the Company or any Subsidiary, by any court of competent jurisdiction, approving a petition seeking liquidation or reorganization of the Company or any Subsidiary, or appointing a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of the Company or any Subsidiary, or of all or any substantial part of its assets, and such order, judgment or decree shall continue unstayed and in effect for any period of 60 days;
| 10 | Promissory Note |
(viii) the occurrence of any levy upon or seizure or attachment of, or any uninsured loss of or damage to, any property of the Company or any Subsidiary having an aggregate fair value or repair cost (as the case may be) in excess of $100,000 individually or in the aggregate, and any such levy, seizure or attachment shall not be set aside, bonded or discharged within 45 days after the date thereof;
(ix) any monetary judgment, writ or similar final process shall be entered or filed against the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective property or other assets for more than $100,000, and such judgment, writ or similar final process shall remain unvacated, unbonded or unstayed for a period of 30 days;
(x) any Material Adverse Effect occurs;
(xi) any provision of any Transaction Document shall at any time for any reason (other than pursuant to the express terms thereof) cease to be valid and binding on or enforceable against the parties thereto, or the validity or enforceability thereof shall be contested by any party thereto, or a proceeding shall be commenced by the Company or any Subsidiary or any governmental authority having jurisdiction over any of them, seeking to establish the invalidity or unenforceability thereof, or the Company or any Subsidiary shall deny in writing that it has any liability or obligation purported to be created under any Transaction Document;
(xii) the Company fails to use the proceeds in the manner as described in Section 5.7 of the Purchase Agreement;
(xiii) the Company shall be a party to any Change of Control Transaction or shall agree to sell or dispose of all or in excess of 50% of its assets in one transaction or a series of related transactions (whether or not such sale would constitute a Change of Control Transaction);
(xiv) from and after 90 days after the Original Issue Date, the Company fails to have authorized and reserved the amount of shares designated in Section 3.5 of the Purchase Agreement (including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation);
(xv) the Company fails to file with the SEC any required reports under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act within the time required (including any applicable extension period) by the rules and regulations thereunder; or
(xvi) the Company fails to convert from a limited liability company to a corporation on or before June 30, 2022.
(b) Remedies Upon Event of Default. If any Event of Default occurs, the outstanding principal amount of this Note, plus liquidated damages and other amounts owing in respect thereof through the date of acceleration, shall become, at the Holder’s election, immediately due and payable in cash (the “Mandatory Default Amount”). Upon the payment in full of the Mandatory Default Amount, the Holder shall promptly surrender this Note to or as directed by the Company. In connection with such acceleration described herein, the Holder need not provide, and the Company hereby waives, any presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, and the Holder may immediately and without expiration of any grace period enforce any and all of its rights and remedies hereunder and all other remedies available to it under applicable law. Such acceleration may be rescinded and annulled by Holder at any time prior to payment hereunder and the Holder shall have all rights as a holder of the Note until such time, if any, as the Holder receives full payment pursuant to this Section 7(b). No such rescission or annulment shall affect any subsequent Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
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(c) Interest Rate Upon Event of Default. Commencing on the occurrence of any Event of Default and until such Event of Default is cured, this Note shall accrue interest at an interest rate equal to the Default Interest Rate.
Section 8. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Conversion. This Note does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company.
(b) Notices. All notices, offers, acceptance and any other acts under this Agreement (except payment) shall be in writing, and shall be sufficiently given if delivered to the addressees in person, by FedEx or similar receipted next day delivery, or at the Company’s registered address or such other address as any of them, by notice to the other may designate from time to time. Time shall be counted to, or from, as the case may be, the date of delivery.
(c) Absolute Obligation. Except as expressly provided herein, no provision of this Note shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, liquidated damages and accrued interest and late fees, as applicable, on this Note at the time, place, and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed. This Note is a direct debt obligation of the Company.
(d) Lost or Mutilated Note. If this Note shall be mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall execute and deliver, in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation of a mutilated Note, or in lieu of or in substitution for a lost, stolen or destroyed Note, a new Note for the principal amount of this Note so mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, but only upon receipt of evidence of such loss, theft or destruction of this Note, and of the ownership hereof, reasonably satisfactory to the Company.
(e) Exclusive Jurisdiction; Governing Law; Prevailing Party Attorneys’ Fees. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Note and venue shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with Section 6.9 of the Purchase Agreement. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce or otherwise relating to this Note, then, in addition to the other obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Note, the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
(f) Waiver. Any waiver by the Company or the Holder of a breach of any provision of this Note shall not operate as or be construed to be a waiver of any other breach of such provision or of any breach of any other provision of this Note. The failure of the Company or the Holder to insist upon strict adherence to any term of this Note on one or more occasions shall not be considered a waiver or deprive that party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of this Note on any other occasion. Any waiver by the Company or the Holder must be in writing.
(g) Severability. If any provision of this Note is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the balance of this Note shall remain in effect, and if any provision is inapplicable to any Person or circumstance, it shall nevertheless remain applicable to all other Persons and circumstances. If it shall be found that any interest or other amount deemed interest due hereunder violates the applicable law governing usury, the applicable rate of interest due hereunder shall automatically be lowered to equal the maximum rate of interest permitted under applicable law. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law or other law which would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or interest on this Note as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Note, and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefits or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Holder, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such as though no such law has been enacted.
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(h) Remedies, Characterizations, Other Obligations, Breaches and Injunctive Relief. The remedies provided in this Note shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Note and any of the other Transaction Documents at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue actual and consequential damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Note. The Company covenants to the Holder that there shall be no characterization concerning this instrument other than as expressly provided herein. Amounts set forth or provided for herein with respect to payments, conversion and the like (and the computation thereof) shall be the amounts to be received by the Holder and shall not, except as expressly provided herein, be subject to any other obligation of the Company (or the performance thereof). The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach would be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the Holder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any such breach or any such threatened breach, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. The Company shall provide all information and documentation to the Holder that is requested by the Holder to enable the Holder to confirm the Company’s compliance with the terms and conditions of this Note.
(i) Next Trading Day. Whenever any payment or other obligation hereunder shall be due on a day other than a Trading Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Trading Day.
(j) Headings. The headings contained herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Note and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
(Signature Pages Follow)
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be duly executed by a duly authorized officer as of the date first above indicated.
| 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | |
| Name: | Geoffrey Dow | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
Exhibit 10.10
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of May 24, 2022, by and between 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company, and each investor that executes the signature page hereto as a purchaser (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”).
WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of Section 5 of the Securities Act, as defined, contained in Section 4(a)(2) thereof and/or Rule 506(b) thereunder, the Company desires to issue and sell to the Purchaser, and the Purchaser desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Purchaser agree as follows:
ARTICLE I.
DEFINITIONS
1.1 Definitions. In addition to the words and terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:
“Acquiring Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.5.
“Action” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.10.
“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Bridge Shares” means shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued to each Purchaser equal to and based on (A) 100% of the Face Value of each Purchaser’s Note divided by the Company’s IPO price upon the pricing of the Company’s IPO or (B) if the Company fails to complete the IPO before the Maturity Date, the number of shares calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation for the Company and the number of the Company’s shares outstanding on the Maturity Date.
“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Notes pursuant to Section 2.1.
“Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchaser’s obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities to be issued and sold, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the second Trading Day following the date hereof.
“Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Company” means 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC and any successor company after conversion from a limited liability company to a corporation.
“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.19.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock, restricted stock units or options, and the underlying shares of Common Stock to consultants, employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non- employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities issuable pursuant to existing agreements, exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with stock dividends, stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities, (c) securities issued pursuant, acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the directors of the Company, provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equity holders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and which shall reasonably be expected to provide to the Company additional benefits, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities, (d) securities issued pursuant to any purchase money equipment loan or capital leasing arrangement, purchasing agent or debt financing from a commercial bank or similar financial institution, (e) securities issued pursuant to any presently outstanding warrants or this Agreement; and (f) securities upon a stock split, stock dividend or subdivision of the Common Stock and shares of common stock in a public offering; (g) non-convertible loans from traditional commercials banks with interest per annum not to exceed 12% which will rank pari passu with the Notes issued to investors by the Company.
“Face Value” means the Subscription Amount plus original issue discount as described in the Notes.
“FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
“GAAP” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.8.
“Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.27.
“Intellectual Property” means all of the following in any jurisdiction throughout the world: (a) all inventions (whether patentable or unpatentable and whether or not reduced to practice), all improvements thereto, and all U.S. and foreign patents, patent applications, and patent disclosures, together with all reissuances, continuations, continuations-in-part, revisions, extensions, and reexaminations thereof, (b) all trademarks, service marks, brand names, certification marks, trade dress, logos, trade names, domain names, assumed names and corporate names, together with all colorable imitations thereof, and including all goodwill associated therewith, and all applications, registrations, and renewals in connection therewith, (c) all copyrights, and all applications, registrations, and renewals in connection therewith, (d) all trade secrets under applicable state laws and the common law and know-how (including formulas, techniques, technical data, designs, drawings, specifications, customer and supplier lists, pricing and cost information, and business and marketing plans and proposals), (e) all computer software (including source code, object code, diagrams, data and related documentation), and (f) all copies and tangible embodiments of the foregoing (in whatever form or medium).
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“IPO” shall mean an initial public offering by the Company that results in a listing of the Company’s Common Stock on a national securities exchange.
“Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement” means all licenses, sublicenses, agreements and permissions (each as amended to date) that any third party owns and that the Company uses, including off- the-shelf software purchased or licensed by the Company.
“Liens” means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.
“Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1.
“Maturity Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Note.
“Notes” means the Original Issue Discount Promissory Notes issued to the Purchaser, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.
“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of the Notes, regardless of any transfers of any Note and regardless of the number of instruments which may be issued to evidence such Notes.
“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.
“Purchaser Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.8.
“Registrable Securities” shall mean, collectively, the Bridge Shares and the Warrant Shares.
“Regulation FD” means Regulation FD promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act, as such Regulation may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Regulation
“Required Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.4.
“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Securities” means the Notes, the Warrants and the Shares.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Shares” means the Bridge Shares and the Warrant Shares.
“Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock).
| 3 | Securities Purchase Agreement |
“Subscription Amount” means, as to the Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Note purchased hereunder as specified below the Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.
“Subsidiary” means with respect to any entity at any date, any direct or indirect corporation, limited or general partnership, limited liability company, trust, estate, association, joint venture or other business entity of which (A) more than 50% of (i) the outstanding capital stock having (in the absence of contingencies) ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the Board of Directors or other managing body of such entity, (ii) in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, the interest in the capital or profits of such partnership or limited liability company or (iii) in the case of a trust, estate, association, joint venture or other entity, the beneficial interest in such trust, estate, association or other entity business is, at the time of determination, owned or controlled directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, by such entity, or (B) is under the actual control of the Company.
“Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.
“Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange, the OTCQB, the OTCQX, or the OTC Pink Marketplace (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Notes, the Warrants, and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder, including, but not limited to, the documents referenced in Section 2.2(a).
“Transfer Agent” means [*], and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“Variable Rate Transaction” means any Equity Line of Credit or similar agreement, nor issue nor agree to issue any Common Stock, floating or Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments nor any of the foregoing or equity with price reset rights (subject to adjustment for stock splits, distributions, dividends, recapitalizations and the like) (collectively, the “Variable Rate Transaction”). For purposes of this Agreement, “Equity Line of Credit” shall include any transaction involving a written agreement between the Company and an investor or underwriter whereby the Company has the right to “put” its securities to the investor or underwriter over an agreed period of time and at an agreed price or price formula, and “Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments” shall include: (A) any debt or equity securities which are convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or carry the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock either (1) at any conversion, exercise or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security, or (2) with a fixed conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security due to a change in the market price of the Company’s Common Stock since date of initial issuance, and (B) any amortizing convertible security which amortizes prior to its maturity date, where the Company is required or has the option to (or any investor in such transaction has the option to require the Company to) make such amortization payments in shares of Common Stock which are valued at a price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security (whether or not such payments in stock are subject to certain equity conditions). For purposes of determining the total consideration for a convertible instrument (including a right to purchase equity of the Company) issued, subject to an original issue or similar discount or which principal amount is directly or indirectly increased after issuance, the consideration will be deemed to be the actual cash amount received by the Company in consideration of the original issuance of such convertible instrument.
“Warrants” means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and have a term of exercise equal to five years from such initial exercise date, in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.
| 4 | Securities Purchase Agreement |
“Warrant Exercise Price” means the exercise price provided in the Warrant.
“Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants at the Warrant Exercise Price.
ARTICLE II.
PURCHASE AND SALE
2.1 Closing. On the Closing Dates, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase an aggregate of (i) Notes with a Face Value listed on the Purchaser’s signature page and (ii) Warrants to purchase shares equal to 50% of the Bridge Shares. On the Closing Date, the Purchaser shall deliver to the Company a signed copy of the Transaction Documents and, via wire transfer, immediately available funds equal to the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount. After receipt of the Subscription Amount, the Company shall deliver to the Purchaser countersigned copies of the Transaction Documents. Upon satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in Section 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the Company’s offices or such other location as the parties shall mutually agree.
2.2 Deliveries.
(a) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Purchaser the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;
(ii) a Note in the principal amount of $250,000.00 registered in the name of the Purchaser;
(iii) an original Warrant to purchase shares of Common Stock, exercisable at the Warrant Exercise Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;
(iv) a Board Consent approving the issuance of the Notes and the execution of the Transaction Documents listed above on behalf of the Company.
(b) On or prior to the Closing Date each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:
| (i) | this Agreement duly executed by the Purchaser; and |
| (ii) | the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the Company. |
(c) On the (i) date of the pricing of the Company’s IPO, the Company shall deliver to each Purchaser shares of the Company’s common stock equal to 100% of the Face Value of each Purchaser’s Note divided by the Company’s IPO price upon or (ii) if the Company fails to complete the IPO before the Maturity Date, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock calculated using a $27 million pre- money valuation for the Company and the number of the Company’s shares outstanding on the Maturity Date.
| 2.3 | Closing Conditions. |
(a) The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
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(i) the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchaser contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed; and
| (iii) | the delivery by the Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement. |
(b) The respective obligations of the Purchaser hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
| (iii) | the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement; and |
| (iv) | there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the |
date hereof.
ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF COMPANY
The Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser as of the date hereof:
3.1 Organization and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or Articles of Incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.
3.2 Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. Subject to obtaining the Required Approvals, this Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
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3.3 No Conflicts. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.3, the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and will not (i) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s Certificate or Articles of Incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
3.4 Filings, Consents and Approvals. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.4, the Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) blue sky filings or a Form D filing and (ii) such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (the “Required Approvals”).
3.5 Issuance of the Securities. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Shares, when issued will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company shall reserve from its duly authorized capital stock a number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Notes and Warrants.
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3.6 Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company is as set forth on Schedule 3.6. The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock awards under the Company’s equity incentive plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.6, as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchaser) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under any of such securities. There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders’ agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.
3.7 Subsidiaries. All of the direct and indirect Subsidiaries of the Company are set forth in Schedule 3.7. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
3.8 Financial Statements. The consolidated financial statements of the Company, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company for the periods specified and have been prepared in compliance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved.
3.9 Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest financial statements: (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company equity incentive plans. Other than as disclosed on Schedule 3.9, except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.
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3.10 Litigation. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.10, there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation, inquiry or other similar proceeding of any federal or state government unit pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the issuance of the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no reason to believe that an Action will be filed against it in the future except as disclosed on Schedule 3.10. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim for fraud or breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation or inquiry by the SEC involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The SEC has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Securities Act, and the Company has no reason to believe it will do so in the future.
3.11 Labor Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no effort is underway to unionize or organize the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no workmen’s compensation liability matter, employment-related charge, complaint, grievance, investigation, inquiry or obligation of any kind pending, or to the Company’s knowledge, threatened, relating to an alleged violation or breach by the Company or its Subsidiaries of any law, regulation or contract that could, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
3.12 Compliance. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.12, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
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3.13 Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
3.14 Regulatory Permits. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to possess such certificates, authorizations or permits would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit. There is no agreement, commitment, judgment, injunction, order or decree binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party which has or would reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or materially impairing any business practice of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any acquisition of property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the conduct of business by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as currently conducted other than such effects, individually or in the aggregate, which have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
3.15 Title to Assets. Subject to the Liens of the outstanding secured senior debt, the Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries. The Company owns no real property. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.
3.16 Intellectual Property.
(i) Subject to the Liens of the outstanding secured senior debt, to the Company’s knowledge, the Company owns or possesses or has the right to use pursuant to a valid and enforceable written license, sublicense, agreement, or permission all Intellectual Property necessary for the operation of the business of the Company as presently conducted.
(ii) To the Company’s knowledge, the Intellectual Property does not interfere with, infringe upon, misappropriate, or otherwise come into conflict with, any Intellectual Property rights of third parties, and the Company has no knowledge that facts exist which indicate a likelihood of the foregoing. The Company has not received any charge, complaint, claim, demand, or notice alleging any such interference, infringement, misappropriation, or conflict (including any claim that the Company must license or refrain from using any Intellectual Property rights of any third party). To the knowledge of the Company, no third party has interfered with, infringed upon, misappropriated, or otherwise come into conflict with, any Intellectual Property rights of the Company.
(iii) With respect to each Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement:
(A) The Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement is legal, valid, binding, enforceable, and in full force and effect;
(B) To the Company’s knowledge, no party to the Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement is in breach or default, and no event has occurred that with notice or lapse of time would constitute a breach or default or permit termination, modification, or acceleration thereunder, which as to any such breach, default or event could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company;
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(C) No party to such Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement has repudiated any provision thereof;
(D) Except as set forth in such Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement, the Company has not received written or verbal notice or otherwise has knowledge that the underlying item of Intellectual Property is subject to any outstanding injunction, judgment, order, decree, ruling, or charge; and
(E) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.16, the Company has not granted any sublicense or similar right with respect to the license, sublicense, agreement, or permission.
(iv) The Company has complied with and is presently in compliance with all foreign, federal, state, local, governmental (including, but not limited to, the Federal Trade Commission and State Attorneys General), administrative, or regulatory laws, regulations, guidelines, and rules applicable to any personal identifiable information.
(v) Each Person who participated in the creation, conception, invention or development of the Intellectual Property currently used in the business of the Company (each, a “Developer”) which is not licensed from third parties has executed one or more agreements containing industry standard confidentiality, work for hire and assignment provisions, whereby the Developer has assigned to the Company all copyrights, patent rights, Intellectual Property rights and other rights in the Intellectual Property, including all rights in the Intellectual Property that existed prior to the assignment of rights by such Person to the Company.
(vi) Each Developer has signed a perpetual non-disclosure agreement with the Company.
3.17 Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.
3.18 Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.18, none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock award agreements under any equity incentive plan of the Company.
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3.19 Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls. Except as disclosed in the Schedule 3.19, the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
3.20 Certain Fees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.20, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchaser shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due by the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
3.21 Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
3.22 Registration Rights. Except as disclosed on Schedule 3.22, no Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
3.23 Listing and Maintenance Requirements; Shell Company. The Company’s Common Stock is not quoted or listed on any Trading Market. The Company is not and has never been a shell company as such term is defined in Rule 12(b)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.
3.24 Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchaser as a result of the Purchaser and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchaser’s ownership of the Securities.
3.25 Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Purchaser or its agent or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed on Schedule 3.25. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchaser will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchaser regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the 12 months preceding the date of this Agreement do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Article IV hereof.
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3.26 No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Article IV, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable stockholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.
3.27 Solvency. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (ii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.27 sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $100,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $100,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.27, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
3.28 Tax Status. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns which have been required to be filed and paid all taxes shown thereon through the date hereof, to the extent that such taxes have become due and are not being contested in good faith, except where the failure to so file or pay would not have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 3.28, no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which has had, or would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any federal, state or other governmental tax deficiency, penalty or assessment which has been or might be asserted or threatened against it which would have a Material Adverse Effect
3.29 Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated any provision of FCPA.
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3.30 Acknowledgment Regarding Purchaser’s Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchaser’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.
3.31 Acknowledgement Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or elsewhere to the contrary (except for Sections 4.7 and 5.12 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) the Purchaser has not been asked by the Company to agree, nor has the Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which the Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the Common Stock, and (iv) the Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) the Purchaser may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.
3.32 Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.
3.33 Private Placement. Assuming the accuracy of each Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Article IV, no registration under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Notes or the Shares issuable upon conversion thereof by the Company to the Purchasers as contemplated hereby.
3.34 No General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any form of general solicitation or general advertising. The Company offered the Securities for sale only to the Purchaser and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.
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3.35 No Disqualification Events. With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506(b) under the Securities Act, none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale, nor any Person, including a placement agent, who will receive a commission or fees for soliciting purchasers (each, an “Issuer Covered Person” and, together, “Issuer Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Purchaser a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.
3.36 Notice of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Purchaser in writing, prior to the Closing Date of (i) any Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, reasonably be expected to become a Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person, in each case of which it is aware.
3.37 Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
3.38 U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.
3.39 Bank Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.
3.40 Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.
ARTICLE IV.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PURCHASERS
4.1 Representations and Warranties of the Purchaser. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein):
4.2 Organization; Authority. The Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and performance by the Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of the Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by the Purchaser, and when delivered by the Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of the Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
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4.3 Understandings or Arrangements. The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. The Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring such Securities as principal for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell such Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws).
4.4 Purchaser Status. At the time the Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, an accredited investor within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act. The Purchaser is not subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3).
4.5 Experience of the Purchaser. The Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. The Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
4.6 Access to Information. The Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and has been afforded, subject to Regulation FD, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment; provided, however, that the Purchaser has not requested nor been provided by the Company with any non-public information regarding the Company, its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects. The Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Company nor anyone else has provided the Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired.
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4.7 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, the Purchaser has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with the Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that the Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to the Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, the Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Article 4 shall not modify, amend or affect the Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby.
ARTICLE V.
OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
5.1 Removal of Legends.
The Shares and the Warrants may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of the Shares or Warrants other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser or in connection with a pledge as contemplated in Section 5.1(b), the Company may require the transferor to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company at the cost of the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Shares or Warrants under the Securities Act.
(a) Each Purchaser agrees to the imprinting, so long as is required by this Section 5.1, of a legend on any of the Shares or the Warrants in the following form:
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
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(b) The Company acknowledges and agrees that a Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a registered broker-dealer or grant a security interest in some or all of the Shares to a financial institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and who agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, such Purchaser may transfer pledged or secured Shares to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith. Further, no notice shall be required of such pledge. At the appropriate Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Shares may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Shares.
(c) Certificates evidencing the Shares (or the Transfer Agent’s records if held in book entry form) shall not contain any legend (including the legend set forth in Section 5.1(a) hereof): (i) while a registration statement covering the resale of such securities is effective under the Securities Act (the “Effective Date”), (ii) following any sale of such Shares pursuant to Rule 144, (iii) if such Shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or (iv) if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including Sections 4(a)(1) and 4(a)(7) judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the SEC). The Company shall, if any of the provisions in clause (i) –(iv) above are applicable, at its expense, cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent promptly after the Effective Date if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend hereunder. If all or any portion of a Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the resale of the Shares, or if such Shares may be sold under Rule 144 and the Company is then in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144, or if the Shares may be sold under Rule 144 without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or if such legend is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including Sections 4(a)(1) and 4(a)(7), judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the SEC) then such Shares shall be issued or reissued free of all legends. The Company agrees that following the effective date of any registration statement or at such time as such legend is no longer required under this Section 5.1(c), it will, no later than two Trading Days following the delivery by a Purchaser to the Company or the Transfer Agent of a certificate representing restricted Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend (such second Trading Day, the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to such Purchaser a certificate representing such Shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 5.1. Certificates for Shares subject to legend removal hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchaser by crediting the account of the Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company system as directed by such Purchaser. The Company shall be responsible for any delays caused by its Transfer Agent.
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(d) In addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, (i) the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for the value of the Warrant Shares for which a Warrant is being exercised (based on the Warrant Exercise Price), $20 per Trading Day for each Trading Day after the Legend Removal Date (increasing to $20 per Trading Day after the fifth Trading Day) until such certificate is delivered without a legend. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Company’s failure to deliver certificates representing any Securities as required by the Transaction Documents, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief, and (ii) if after the Legend Removal Date such Purchaser purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Purchaser of all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock, or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock that such Purchaser anticipated receiving from the Company without any restrictive legend, then, the Company shall pay to such Purchaser, in cash, an amount equal to the excess of such Purchaser’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) (the “Buy-In Price”) over the product of (A) such number of Shares that the Company was required to deliver to such Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date multiplied by (B) the highest closing sale price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the delivery by such Purchaser to the Company of the applicable Shares (as the case may be) and ending on the date of such delivery and payment under this Section 5.1(d).
(e) In the event a Purchaser shall request delivery of unlegended shares as described in this Section 5.1 and the Company is required to deliver such unlegended shares, (i) it shall pay all fees and expenses associated with or required by the legend removal and/or transfer including but not limited to legal fees, Transfer Agent fees and overnight delivery charges and taxes, if any, imposed by any applicable government upon the issuance of Common Stock; and (ii) the Company may not refuse to deliver unlegended shares based on any claim that such Purchaser or anyone associated or affiliated with such Purchaser has not complied with Purchaser’s obligations under the Transaction Documents, or for any other reason, unless, an injunction or temporary restraining order from a court, on notice, restraining and or enjoining delivery of such unlegended shares shall have been sought and obtained by the Company and the Company has posted a surety bond for the benefit of such Purchaser in the amount of the greater of (i) 150% of the amount of the aggregate purchase price of the Bridge Shares (based on the market price of the Bridge Shares) and Warrant Shares (based on exercise price in effect upon exercise) which is subject to the injunction or temporary restraining order, or (ii) the VWAP of the Common Stock on the Trading Day before the issue date of the injunction multiplied by the number of unlegended shares to be subject to the injunction, which bond shall remain in effect until the completion of the litigation of the dispute and the proceeds of which shall be payable to such Purchaser to the extent Purchaser obtains judgment in Purchaser’s favor.
5.2 Furnishing of Information.
(a) Until the earliest of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Shares or (ii) the Warrants have expired, the Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.
(b) At any time during the period commencing from the six month anniversary of the date hereof and ending at such time on the earlier to occur that the Warrants are not outstanding, terminated or that all of the Warrant Shares (assuming cashless exercise) may be sold without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144, if the Company (i) shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) for a period of more than 30 consecutive days or (ii) has ever been an issuer described in Rule 144(i)(1)(i) or becomes an issuer in the future, and the Company shall fail to satisfy any condition set forth in Rule 144(i)(2) for a period of more than 30 consecutive days (a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason of any such delay in or reduction of its ability to sell the Shares and/or Warrant Shares, an amount in cash equal to two percent of the aggregate Note Conversion Price of such Purchaser’s Note(s) and/or Warrant Exercise Price of such Purchaser’s Warrants on the day of a Public Information Failure and on every 30th day (pro-rated for periods totaling less than thirty days) thereafter until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information Failure is cured and (b) such time that such public information is no longer required for the Purchasers to transfer the Shares and/or Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144. Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the earlier of (i) the last day of the calendar month during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii) the second Trading Day after the event or failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure payments is cured. In the event the Company fails to make Public Information Failure payments in a timely manner, such Public Information Failure payments shall bear interest at the rate of one and one-half percent per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Public Information Failure, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.
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5.3 Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require stockholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.
5.4 Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the SEC or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of the Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the SEC and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchaser with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b).
5.5 Stockholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchaser.
5.6 Non-Public Information. When the Company’s Common Stock is quoted or listed on a Trading Market, to the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document or any other communications made by the Company, or information provided, to the Purchaser constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice or other material information with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. In addition to any other remedies provided by this Agreement or other Transaction Documents, if the Company knowingly provides any material, non- public information to the Purchasers without their prior written consent, and it fails to immediately (no later than that Trading Day) file a Form 8-K, once it is required to do so, disclosing this material, non-public information, it shall pay the Purchasers as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty a sum equal to $1,000 per day for each $100,000 of each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount beginning with the day the information is disclosed to the Purchaser and ending and including the day the Form 8-K disclosing this information is filed.
5.7 Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder for working capital purposes, and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any Indebtedness as defined in the Note, (b) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations, or (d) to lend money, give credit, or make advances to any officers, directors, employees or affiliates of the Company.
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5.8 Indemnification of Purchaser.
Subject to the provisions of this Section 5.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors, officers, stockholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls the Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, stockholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation (including local counsel, if retained) that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents, (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which constitutes fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or malfeasance) or (c) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any registration statement, any prospectus or any form of prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any prospectus or supplement thereto, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading. If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel (in addition to local counsel, if retained). The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The Purchaser Parties shall have the right to settle any action against any of them by the payment of money provided that they cannot agree to any equitable relief and the Company, its officers, directors and Affiliates receive unconditional releases in customary form. The indemnification required by this Section 5.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.
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5.9 Settlement Without Consent if Failure to Reimburse. If an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for reasonable fees and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by Section 5.8 effected without its written consent if (1) such settlement is entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request, (2) such indemnifying party shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at least 30 days prior to such settlement being entered into and (3) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement.
5.10 Listing of Common Stock. The Company agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any Trading Market, it will then include in such application all of the Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.
5.11 Senior Debt. The Company shall not issue any new indebtedness which is senior in rank to the Notes while the Notes are outstanding.
5.12 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. The Purchaser covenants that neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release. Each Purchaser covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release, the Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules. Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.
5.13 DTC Program. For so long as any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company will employ as the Transfer Agent for the Common Stock and Shares a participant in the Depository Trust Company Automated Securities Transfer Program and cause the Common Stock to be transferable pursuant to such program.
5.14 Maintenance of Property. The Company shall keep all of its property necessary for the operations of its business, which is necessary or useful to the conduct of its business, in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted.
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5.15 Preservation of Corporate Existence. The Company shall preserve and maintain its corporate existence, rights, privileges and franchises in the jurisdiction of its incorporation, and qualify and remain qualified, as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary in view of its business or operations and where the failure to qualify or remain qualified might reasonably have a Material Adverse Effect upon the financial condition, business or operations of the Company taken as a whole.
5.16 No Registration of Securities on Form S-1. Other than the registration rights provided hereunder, for the initial six months the Notes are outstanding, the Company will not file any registration statements on Form S-1. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing shall not prevent the Company from filing a Registration Statement on Form S-8 with respect to equity compensation plans.
5.17 Variable Rate Transactions. While any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company shall be prohibited from entering a Variable Rate Transaction without the prior consent of the holders of more than 50% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes.
5.18 Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement.
(a) With respect to the Shares, the Company shall:
(1) With the next Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed by the Company, include the Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement and use its best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective and remain effective as provided herein.
(2) Prepare and file with the SEC such amendments, including post-effective amendments, to the Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement continuously effective as to the applicable Registrable Securities until such time as all of the Registerable Securities have been sold by the Holder or he is eligible to otherwise remove the restrictive legend and effect a sale other than through the Registration Statement.
(3) Use its best efforts to avoid the issuance of, or, if issued, obtain the withdrawal of, (i) any order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or (ii) any suspension of the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any U.S. jurisdiction, at the earliest practicable moment.
(4) Furnish to the Holder, without charge, at least one conformed copy of each Registration Statement and each amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules, all documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference, and all exhibits to the extent requested by the Holder (including those previously furnished or incorporated by reference) promptly after the filing of such documents with the SEC.
(b) The Purchaser agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Company, the Purchaser shall not, during the period ending 90 days after the date of the prospectus filed with the SEC in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-1 described in Section 5.18(a): (1) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Registrable Securities or (2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Registrable Securities.
5.19 Conversion to a Corporation. The Company shall convert from a limited liability company to a corporation on or before June 30, 2022.
5.20 Right of Participation. For so long as Notes are outstanding, the Purchasers shall be given the right to purchase 20% of the shares issued in the Company’s IPO on a pro rata basis.
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ARTICLE IV. MISCELLANEOUS
6.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated by the Purchaser by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before June 15, 2022; provided, however, that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).
6.2 Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth below and in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchaser.
6.3 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.
6.4 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered by email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. ( Eastern Standard or Daylight Savings Time, as applicable) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second Trading Day following the date of transmission, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight delivery service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall, if the Company’s Common Stock is quoted or listed on a Trading Market, simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K, or which failure to do so will subject the Company to the liquidated damages provided for in Article 5.
6.5 Amendments; Waivers. Except as provided in the last sentence of this Section 6.5, no provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and a majority in interest of the outstanding balance of the Note or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right. Any amendment effected in accordance with accordance with this Section 6.5 shall be binding upon the Purchaser and holder of Securities and the Company.
6.6 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
6.7 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser. Each Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the Purchaser.
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6.8 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 6.7 and this Section 6.8.
6.9 Governing Law; Exclusive Jurisdiction; Attorneys’ Fees. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, stockholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the New York County, New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the New York County, New York for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Agreement, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
6.10 Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
6.11 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf' format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf' signature page were an original thereof.
6.12 Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
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6.13 Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then that Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that in the case of a rescission of an conversion of a Note, the Purchaser shall be required to return any Shares subject to any such rescinded Conversion Notice concurrently with the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to the Purchaser’s Note.
6.14 Replacement of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction without requiring the posting of any bond.
6.15 Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each Purchaser and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.
6.16 Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
6.17 Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.
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6.18 Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.
6.19 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
6.20 Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.
6.21 Waiver of jury trial. In any action, suit, or proceeding in any jurisdiction brought by any party against any other party, the parties each knowingly and intentionally, to the greatest extent permitted by applicable law, hereby absolutely, unconditionally, irrevocably and expressly waive forever trial by jury.
6.22 Non-Circumvention. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Company will not, by amendment of its Articles of Incorporation, including any Certificates of Designation, or Bylaws or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution, issue or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Agreement, and will at all times in good faith carry out all of the provision of this Agreement and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of all holders of the Securities. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing or any other provision of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, the Company (a) shall not increase the par value of any Shares and (b) shall take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Shares.
(Signature Pages Follow)
| 27 | Securities Purchase Agreement |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| 60 Degree Pharmaceuticals, LLC | Address for Notice: | ||
| By: | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | ||
| Name: Geoffrey Dow | |||
| Title: Chief Executive Officer | |||
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]
PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGE TO
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| Name of Purchaser: | Cavalry Investment Fund, LP |
| Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: | |
| Name of Authorized Signatory: | Thomas Walsh |
| Title of Authorized Signatory: | Managing Member |
| Email Address of Authorized Signatory: | |
| Facsimile Number of Authorized Signatory: | |
| Address for Notice to Purchaser: |
| Address for Delivery of Securities to Purchaser (if not same as address for notice): |
| Face Value | $277,777.78 | ||
| Subscription Amount: | $250,000.00 | ||
| EIN Number: | |||
Purchaser Signature Page
Exhibit 10.11
EXHIBIT B
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES FOR WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
Warrant Shares: <WARRANT SHARES>
Initial Exercise Date: [*], 2022
THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, Cavalry Investment Fund LP, or its assigns (the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after the date hereof (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to the close of business on the fifth year anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”), up to <WARRANT SHARES> shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”). The purchase price of one Warrant Share under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b). This Warrant issued pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) entered into as of the Initial Exercise Date between the Company and the initial Holder.
Section 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated May 24, 2022 among the Company and the Purchasers.
Section 2. Exercise.
(a) Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice in writing to the registered Holder at the address of the Holder appearing on the books of the Company) of a duly executed copy of the Notice of Exercise Form annexed hereto. Within two Trading Days following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank, unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary (although the Holder may surrender the Warrant to, and receive a replacement Warrant from, the Company), the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within two Trading Days of the date the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise Form within one Trading Day of delivery of such notice. The Holder by acceptance of this Warrant or any transferee, acknowledges and agrees that, by reason of the provisions of this Section 2(a), following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
(b) Exercise Price. The initial exercise price per share of the Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to 110% of the IPO (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) price (the “Exercise Price”).
(c) Cashless Exercise. Other than as provided for in Section 2(f), if at any time after the six month anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date, there is no effective Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder (or the prospectus does not meet the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act), then this Warrant may also be exercised at the Holder’s election, in whole or in part and in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the Company upon such exercise, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the number obtained by dividing [(A - B) times (C)] by (A), where:
| (A) = | the greater of (i) the arithmetic average of the VWAPs for the five consecutive Trading Days ending on the date immediately preceding the date on which the Holder elects to exercise this Warrant by means of a “cashless exercise,” as set forth in the applicable Notice of Exercise or (ii) the VWAP for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date on which the Holder makes such “cashless exercise” election; |
| (B) = | the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder, at the time of such exercise; and |
| (C) = | the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise; |
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies:
(a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)) (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), (b) if no volume weighted average price of the Common Stock is reported for the Trading Market, the most recent reported bid price per share of the Common Stock, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
If Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the characteristics of the Warrants being exercised, and the holding period of the Warrants being exercised may be tacked on to the holding period of the Warrant Shares. The Company agrees not to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
| 2 | Warrant |
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if on the Termination Date (unless the Holder notifies the Company otherwise) if there is no effective Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder, then this Warrant shall be automatically exercised via cashless exercise pursuant to this Section 2(c).
(d) Mechanics of Exercise.
(i) Delivery of Certificates Upon Exercise. Certificates for the shares of Common Stock purchased hereunder shall be transmitted to the Holder by the Transfer Agent by crediting the account of the Holder’s prime broker with The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise and Rule 144 is available, or otherwise by physical delivery to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is two Trading Days after the latest of (A) the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and (B) payment of the aggregate Exercise Price as set forth above (unless by cashless exercise, if permitted) (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”). The Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have been issued, and Holder or any other person so designated to be named therein shall be deemed to have become a holder of record of such shares for all purposes, as of the date the Warrant has been exercised, with payment to the Company of the Exercise Price (or by cashless exercise, if permitted). The Company understands that a delay in the delivery of the Warrant Shares after the Warrant Share Delivery Date could result in economic loss to the Holder. As compensation to the Holder for such loss, the Company agrees to pay (as liquidated damages and not as a penalty) to the Holder for late issuance of Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant the proportionate amount of $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day after the fifth Trading Day) after the Warrant Share Delivery Date for each $1,000 of the value of the Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercised (based on the Exercise Price) which are not timely delivered. In no event shall liquidated damages for any one transaction exceed $1,000 for the first 10 Trading Days. Furthermore, in addition to any other remedies which may be available to the Holder, in the event that the Company fails for any reason to effect delivery of the Warrant Shares by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Holder may revoke all or part of the relevant Warrant exercise by delivery of a notice to such effect to the Company, whereupon the Company and the Holder shall each be restored to their respective positions immediately prior to the exercise of the relevant portion of this Warrant, except that the liquidated damages described above shall be payable through the date notice of revocation or rescission is given to the Company or the date the Warrant Shares are delivered to the Holder, whichever date is earlier.
(ii) Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant, at the time of delivery of the certificate or certificates representing Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects be identical to this Warrant. Unless the Warrant has been fully exercised, the Holders shall not be required to surrender this Warrant as a condition of exercise.
(iii) Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to deliver the Warrant Shares or cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder a certificate or the certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right, at any time prior to issuance of such Warrant Shares, to rescind such exercise.
| 3 | Warrant |
(iv) Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Certificates Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to deliver the Warrant Shares, or cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the certificate or certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall pay in cash to the Holder the amount as provided under Section 4.1(e) of the Purchase Agreement. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
(v) No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
(vi) Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of certificates for Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such certificate including any charges of any clearing firm, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such certificates shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise. The Company shall (A) pay the reasonable legal fees of the Holder’s choice (in an amount not to exceed $500 per opinion, and not more often than once per week) in connection with the exercise of the Warrants, (B) cause its attorneys to promptly provide any reliance opinion to the Transfer Agent, and (C) pay the Holder the sums required under Section 2(d)(iv).
(vii) Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
(e) Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Company, may increase the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Warrant, provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply. Any such increase will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The Holder may also decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Warrant at any time, which decrease shall be effectively immediately upon delivery of notice to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
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Section 3. Certain Adjustments.
(a) Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this Warrant or pursuant to any of the other Transaction Documents), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. If and whenever on or after the Initial Exercise Date, the Company issues or sells, or in accordance with this Section 3 is deemed to have issued or sold, any shares of Common Stock (including the issuance or sale of shares of Common Stock owned or held by or for the account of the Company, issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold) for a consideration per share (the “Base Share Price”) less than a price equal to the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale (such Exercise Price then in effect is referred to herein as the “Applicable Price”) (the foregoing a “Dilutive Issuance”), then immediately after such Dilutive Issuance, the Exercise Price then in effect shall be reduced to an amount equal to the Base Share Price. For all purposes of the foregoing (including, without limitation, determining the adjusted Exercise Price and the Base Share Price under this Section 3(b)), the following shall be applicable:
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(i) Issuance of Options. If the Company in any manner grants or sells any Options and the lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is at any time issuable upon the exercise of any such Option or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the granting or sale of such Option for such price per share. For purposes of this Section 3(b)(i), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof” shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to any one share of Common Stock upon the granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof and (y) the lowest exercise price set forth in such Option for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Option (or any other Person) upon the granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Option (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock or of such Convertible Securities upon the exercise of such Options or otherwise pursuant to the terms of or upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities.
(ii) Issuance of Convertible Securities. If the Company in any manner issues or sells any Convertible Securities and the lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is at any time issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities for such price per share. For the purposes of this Section 3(b)(ii), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof” shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to one share of Common Stock upon the issuance or sale of the Convertible Security and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Security or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof and (y) the lowest conversion price set forth in such Convertible Security for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person) upon the issuance or sale of such Convertible Security plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof, and if any such issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities is made upon exercise of any Options for which adjustment of this Warrant has been or is to be made pursuant to other provisions of this Section 3(b), except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made by reason of such issuance or sale.
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(iii) Change in Option Price or Rate of Conversion. “Convertible Securities” means any stock or other security (other than Options) that is at any time and under any circumstances, directly or indirectly, convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or which otherwise entitles the holder thereof to acquire, any shares of Common Stock. If the purchase or exercise price provided for in any Options, the additional consideration, if any, payable upon the issue, conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities, or the rate at which any Convertible Securities are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock increases or decreases at any time (other than proportional changes in conversion or exercise prices, as applicable, in connection with an event referred to in Section 3(a)), the Exercise Price in effect at the time of such increase or decrease shall be adjusted to the Exercise Price which would have been in effect at such time had such Options or Convertible Securities provided for such increased or decreased purchase price, additional consideration or increased or decreased conversion rate, as the case may be, at the time initially granted, issued or sold. For purposes of this Section 3(b)(iii), if the terms of any Option or Convertible Security that was outstanding as of the Closing Date are increased or decreased in the manner described in the immediately preceding sentence, then such Option or Convertible Security and the shares of Common Stock deemed issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange thereof shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of such increase or decrease. No adjustment pursuant to this Section 3(b) shall be made if such adjustment would result in an increase of the Exercise Price then in effect.
(iv) Calculation of Consideration Received. If any Option is issued in connection with the issuance or sale of any other securities of the Company together comprising one integrated transaction in which no specific consideration is allocated to such Option by the parties thereto, the Options will be deemed to have been issued for a consideration of par value of the Company’s Common Stock. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the consideration received therefor will be deemed to be the net amount of consideration received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company for such securities will be the arithmetic average of the VWAPs of such security for each of the five Trading Days immediately preceding the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities. The fair value of any consideration other than cash or publicly traded securities will be determined jointly by the Company and the Holder. If such parties are unable to reach agreement within 10 days after the occurrence of an event requiring valuation (the “Valuation Event”), the fair value of such consideration will be determined within five Trading Days after the 10th day following such Valuation Event by an independent, reputable appraiser jointly selected by the Company and the Holder. The determination of such appraiser shall be final and binding upon all parties absent manifest error. If such appraiser’s valuation differs by less than 5% from the Company’s proposed valuation, the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall be borne by the Holder, and if such appraiser’s valuation differs by more than 5% from the Company’s proposed valuation, the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall be borne by the Company.
(v) Record Date. If the Company takes a record of the holders of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of entitling them (A) to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in shares of Common Stock, Options or in Convertible Securities or (B) to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities, then such record date will be deemed to be the date of the issuance or sale of the shares of Common Stock deemed to have been issued or sold upon the declaration of such dividend or the making of such other distribution or the date of the granting of such right of subscription or purchase (as the case may be).
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(vi) Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 3(b) shall not apply to any Exempt Issuances.
(c) Full Ratchet Increase in Warrant Shares. Until the Notes are no longer outstanding, whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted under Section 3(b), the number of Warrant Shares shall be increased on a full ratchet basis to the number of shares of Common Stock determined by multiplying the Exercise Price then in effect immediately prior to such adjustment by the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant immediately prior to such adjustment and dividing the product thereof by the Exercise Price resulting from such adjustment. By way of example, if E is the total number of Warrant Shares in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance, F is the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance, and G is the Dilutive Issuance Price, the adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares can be expressed in the following formula: Total number of Warrant Shares after such Dilutive Issuance = the number obtained from dividing [E x F] by G. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Exercise Price is being adjusted as a result of a sale of securities, this Section 3(c) shall NOT apply if the Holder is offered the right to participate (in an amount not to exceed $50,000 unless agreed to by the Holder and the Company) and does not participate.
(d) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Purchase Rights will be made under this Section 3(d) in respect of an Exempt Issuance.
(e) Pro Rata Distributions. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, shall distribute to all holders of Common Stock (and not to the Holder) evidences of its indebtedness or assets (including cash and cash dividends) or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security other than the Common Stock (which shall be subject to Section 3(d)), then in each such case the Exercise Price shall be adjusted by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the record date fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the VWAP determined as of the record date mentioned above, and of which the numerator shall be such VWAP on such record date less the then per share fair market value at such record date of the portion of such assets or evidence of indebtedness so distributed applicable to one outstanding share of the Common Stock as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith. In either case the adjustments shall be described in a statement provided to the Holder of the portion of assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed or such subscription rights applicable to one share of Common Stock. Such adjustment shall be made whenever any such distribution is made and shall become effective immediately after the record date mentioned above.
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(f) Fundamental Transaction.
(i) If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions engages in any Fundamental Transaction, as defined in the Note, then, upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant), at the option of the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall not effect a Fundamental Transaction unless it gives the Holder at least 10 Trading Days prior notice together with sufficient details so the Holder can make an informed decision as to whether it elects to accept the Alternative Consideration. If a public announcement of the Fundamental Transaction has not been made, the notice to the Holder may not be given until the Company files a Form 8-K or other report disclosing the Fundamental Transaction.
(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction, provided that the Warrant Shares are not registered under an effective registration statement, the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, exercisable at any time concurrently with, or within 30 days after, the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction or (ii) the positive difference between the cash per share paid in such Fundamental Transaction minus the then in effect Exercise Price. “Black Scholes Value” means the value of the unexercised portion of this Warrant based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg L.P. determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg L.P. as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date.
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(iii) If Section 3(f)(i) and (ii) are not applicable, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(f)(iii) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant), and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein.
(g) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
(h) Notice to Holder.
(i) Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly email to the Holder a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment. The Holder may supply an email address to the Company and change such address.
(ii) Notice to Allow Exercise by the Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall deliver to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 5 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to email such notice or any defect therein or in the emailing thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Company), the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
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Section 4. Transfer of Warrant.
(a) Transferability. Subject to compliance with any applicable securities laws and the provisions of the Purchase Agreement, this Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Upon such surrender, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new Holder for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
(b) New Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
(c) Warrant Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.
Section 5. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof other than as explicitly set forth in Section 3.
(b) Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it, and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate. In no event shall the Holder be required to deliver a bond or other security.
(c) Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
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(d) Authorized Shares.
Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its Articles of Incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and
(iii) use best efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
(e) Jurisdiction. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
(f) Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered or if not exercised on a cashless basis when Rule 144 (or any successor law or rule) is available, may have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
(g) Non-waiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of the Holder shall operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision of this Warrant or the Purchase Agreement, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
(h) Notices. Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the Holder by the Company shall be delivered in accordance with the notice provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
(i) Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.
(j) Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate or that there is no irreparable harm and not to require the posting of a bond or other security.
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(k) Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable by the Holder of Warrant Shares.
(l) Amendment. This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company and Holders of 75% of the outstanding Warrants issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
(m) Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.
(n) Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.
| 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | |
| Name: | Geoffrey Dow | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
TO: 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC
(1) The undersigned hereby elects to purchase _______ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2) Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
☐ in lawful money of the United States; or
☐ if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3) Please issue a certificate or certificates representing said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
(4) After giving effect to this Notice of Exercise, the undersigned will not have exceeded the Beneficial Ownership Limitation.
The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number or by physical delivery of a certificate to:
| SIGNATURE OF HOLDER |
| Name of Investing Entity: |
| Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity: |
| Name of Authorized Signatory: |
| Title of Authorized Signatory: |
| Date: |
ASSIGNMENT FORM
(To assign the foregoing warrant,
execute
this form and supply required information. Do
not use this form to exercise the warrant.)
60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC
FOR VALUE RECEIVED,_____all of or____shares of the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
| whose address is | |
Dated: ___________, _____
| Holder’s Signature: | |
| Holder’s Address: | |
| Signature Guaranteed: |
NOTE: The signature to this Assignment Form must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of the Warrant, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever, and must be guaranteed by a bank or trust company. Officers of corporations and those acting in a fiduciary or other representative capacity should file proper evidence of authority to assign the foregoing Warrant.
Exhibit 10.12
EXHIBIT A
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS CONVERTIBLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
Original Issue Date: May 24, 2022
$277,777.78 Principal and Face Value
$250,000.00 Purchase Price and Subscription Amount
$27,777.78 Original Issue Discount
ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT
PROMISSORY NOTE
THIS ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE is duly authorized and validly issued at a 10% original issue discount by 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”) (the “Note”).
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the Company promises to pay to Cavalry Investment Fund, LP, or its permitted assigns (the “Holder”), the principal sum of $277,777.78 on the earlier of May 24, 2023, the date of the Company’s IPO, or such earlier date as this Note is required or permitted to be repaid as provided hereunder, and to pay interest to the Holder on the aggregate then outstanding principal amount of this Note in accordance with the provisions hereof. This Note is subject to the following additional provisions:
Section 1. Definitions. For the purposes hereof, (a) capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Purchase Agreement and (b) the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings:
“Alternate Consideration” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e).
“Bankruptcy Event” means any of the following events: (a) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof commences a case or other proceeding under any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment of debt, relief of debtors, dissolution, insolvency or liquidation or similar law of any jurisdiction relating to the Company or any Subsidiary thereof, (b) there is commenced against the Company or any Subsidiary thereof any such case or proceeding that is not dismissed within 60 days after commencement, (c) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof is adjudicated insolvent or bankrupt or any order of relief or other order approving any such case or proceeding is entered, (d) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof suffers any appointment of any custodian or the like for it or any substantial part of its property that is not discharged or stayed within 60 calendar days after such appointment, (e) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, (f) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof calls a meeting of its creditors with a view to arranging a composition, adjustment or restructuring of its debts or (g) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof, by any act or failure to act, expressly indicates its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any of the foregoing or takes any corporate or other action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing.
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“Base Conversion Price” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
“Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(f).
“Black Scholes Value” means the value of the outstanding principal amount of this Note, plus all accrued and unpaid interest hereon based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Maturity Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Maturity Date.
“Buy-In” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d)(v).
“Change of Control Transaction” means the occurrence after the date hereof of any of (a) an acquisition after the date hereof by an individual or legal entity or “group” (as described in Rule 13d-5(b)(1) promulgated under the Exchange Act) of effective control (whether through legal or beneficial ownership of capital stock of the Company, by contract or otherwise) of in excess of 50% of the voting securities of the Company (other than by means of conversion, exercise or exchange of this Note or the Warrants issued together with this Note), (b) the Company merges into or consolidates with any other Person, or any Person merges into or consolidates with the Company and, after giving effect to such transaction, the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such transaction own less than 50% of the aggregate voting power of the Company or the successor entity of such transaction, (c) the Company sells or transfers all or substantially all of its assets to another Person, (d) a replacement at one time or within a three year period of more than one-half of the members of the Board of Directors which is not approved by a majority of those individuals who are members of the Board of Directors on the Original Issue Date (or by those individuals who are serving as members of the Board of Directors on any date whose nomination to the Board of Directors was approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors who are members on the date hereof), or (d) the execution by the Company of an agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound, providing for any of the events set forth in clauses (a) through (d) above.
“Default Interest Rate” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a).
“Dilutive Issuance” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
“Dilutive Issuance Notice” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b)(5).
“DWAC” means the Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system at The Depository Trust Company.
“Event of Default” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(a).
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Fundamental Transaction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e).
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“IPO” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(b).
“Liens” shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
“Note Register” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(c).
“Notice of Conversion” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(a).
“Mandatory Default Amount” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(b).
“Option Value” means the value of a Common Stock Equivalent based on the Black Scholes Option Pricing model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg determined as of (A) the Trading Day prior to the public announcement of the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent, if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, for pricing purposes and reflecting (i) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the remaining term of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent as of the applicable date of determination, (ii) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, (iii) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the highest VWAP of the Common Stock during the period beginning on the Trading Day prior to the execution of definitive documentation relating to the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent and ending on (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of such issuance, if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, (iv) a zero cost of borrow and (v) a 360 day annualization factor.
“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of this Note, regardless of any transfers of this Note and regardless of the number of instruments which may be issued to evidence this Note.
“Permitted Indebtedness” means (a) the indebtedness evidenced by this Note, (b) senior secured non-convertible loans from traditional commercials banks with interest per annum not to exceed 12%, (c) capital lease obligations and purchase money indebtedness incurred in connection with the acquisition of machinery and equipment as long as such capital leases and indebtedness are approved in advance by the Holder and (d) the Indebtedness set forth on Schedule 3.27 to the Purchase Agreement).
“Permitted Lien” means the individual and collective reference to the following: (a) Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies not yet due or Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings for which adequate reserves (in the good faith judgment of the management of the Company) have been established in accordance with GAAP, (b) Liens imposed by law which were incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, such as carriers’, warehousemen’s and mechanics’ Liens, statutory landlords’ Liens, and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, and which (x) do not individually or in the aggregate materially detract from the value of such property or assets or materially impair the use thereof in the operation of the business of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries or (y) are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, which proceedings have the effect of preventing for the foreseeable future the forfeiture or sale of the property or asset subject to such Lien, (c) Liens incurred in connection with Permitted Indebtedness under clauses (a) through (d) thereunder, and Liens set forth on Schedule 3.1(aa) to the Purchase Agreement.
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“Purchase Agreement” means the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of May 24, 2022, among the Company and the original Holders, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with its terms.
“Share Delivery Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d)(ii).
“Successor Entity” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e)(2).
“Transaction Documents” means the Note, the Purchase Agreement and the Warrant.
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies:
(a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)) (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), (b) if no volume weighted average price of the Common Stock is reported for the Trading Market, the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holder and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
Section 2. Payments of Principal and Interest.
All principal, accrued interest and other amounts due shall be paid in U.S. Dollars by wire transfer of immediately available funds. The Company may repay the Holder before the Maturity Date without penalty.
Interest shall accrue to the Holder on the aggregate then outstanding principal amount of this Note at the rate of 10% per annum, calculated on the basis of a 360-day year and shall accrue daily commencing on the Original Issue Date until payment in full of the outstanding principal, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, liquidated damages and other amounts which may become due hereunder, has been made. During the existence of an Event of Default, interest shall accrue at the lesser of (i) the rate of 15% per annum, or (ii) the maximum amount permitted by law (the lesser of clause (i) or (ii), the “Default Interest Rate”). Once an Event of Default is cured, the interest rate shall return to 10%.
Section 3. Registration of Transfers and Exchanges.
(a) Different Denominations. This Note is exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of Notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same. No service charge or other fees will be payable for such registration of transfer or exchange.
(b) Investor Representations. This Note has been issued subject to certain investment representations of the original Holder set forth in the Purchase Agreement and may be transferred or exchanged only in compliance with the Purchase Agreement and applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations.
(c) Reliance on Note Register. Prior to due presentment for transfer to the Company of this Note, the Company and any agent of the Company may treat the Person in whose name this Note is duly registered on the Note Register as the owner hereof for the purpose of receiving payment as herein provided and for all other purposes, whether or not this Note is overdue, and neither the Company nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
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Section 4. Conversion.
This Note does not have a conversion feature.
Section 5. Certain Adjustments.
(a) Stock Dividends and Stock Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Note is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions payable in shares of Common Stock on shares of Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalents, (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of a reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares or (iv) issues, in the event of a reclassification of shares of the Common Stock, any shares of capital stock of the Company, then the Conversion Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Company) outstanding immediately before such event, and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 5(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. (1) At any time, for so long as the Note or any amounts accrued and payable thereunder remain outstanding, the Company or any Subsidiary, as applicable, sells or grants any option to purchase or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of or issues (or announces any sale, grant or any option to purchase or other disposition), any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents entitling any Person to acquire shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect (such lower price, the “Base Conversion Price” and each such issuance or announcement a “Dilutive Issuance”), then the Conversion Price shall be immediately reduced to equal the Base Conversion Price. Such adjustment shall be made whenever such Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued.
(2) If any Common Stock Equivalent is amended or adjusted, and such price as so amended shall be less than the Conversion Price in effect at the time of such amendment or adjustment, then the Conversion Price shall be adjusted upon each such issuance or amendment as provided in this Section 5(b). In case any Common Stock Equivalent is issued in connection with the issue or sale of other securities of the Company, together comprising one integrated transaction, (x) the Common Stock Equivalents will be deemed to have been issued for the Option Value of such Common Stock Equivalents and (y) the other securities issued or sold in such integrated transaction shall be deemed to have been issued or sold for the difference of (I) the aggregate consideration received by the Company less any consideration paid or payable by the Company pursuant to the terms of such other securities of the Company, less (II) the Option Value. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be deemed to be the net amount received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company will be the average VWAP of such public traded securities for the ten days prior to the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, as the case may be.
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(3) If the holder of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents outstanding on the Original Issue Date or issued after the Original Issuance Date shall at any time, whether by operation of purchase price adjustments, reset provisions, floating conversion, exercise or exchange prices or otherwise, or due to warrants, options or rights per share which are issued in connection with such issuance, be entitled to receive shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect, such issuance shall be deemed to have occurred for less than the Conversion Price on such date and such issuance shall be deemed to be a Dilutive Issuance.
(4) If the Company enters into a Variable Rate Transaction despite the prohibition set forth in the Purchase Agreement, the Company shall be deemed to have issued Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents at the lowest possible conversion price at which such securities may be converted or exercised under the terms of such Variable Rate Transaction.
(5) The Company shall notify the Holder in writing, no later than the Trading Day following the issuance of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents subject to this Section 5(b), indicating therein the applicable issuance price, or applicable reset price, exchange price, conversion price and other pricing terms (such notice, the “Dilutive Issuance Notice”).
(6) The provisions of this Section 5(b) shall apply each time a Dilutive Issuance occurs after the Original Issue Date for so long as the Note or any amounts accrued and payable thereunder remain outstanding, but any adjustment of the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 5(b) shall be downward only.
(7) The provisions of this Section 5(b) shall not apply to Exempt Issuances.
(c) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 5(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock, Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of Bridge Shares, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
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(d) Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Note is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets or rights or warrants to acquire its assets, or subscribe for or purchase any security other than Common Stock, to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”), at any time after the issuance of this Note, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of Bridge Shares (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder's right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation with respect to the Company or any other publicly-traded corporation subject to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation with respect to the Company or any other publicly-traded corporation subject to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act).
(e) Fundamental Transaction. (1) If, at any time while this Note is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent conversion of this Note, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Conversion Share that would have been issuable upon such conversion immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the conversion of this Note), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Note is convertible immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the conversion of this Note). For purposes of any such conversion, the determination of the Conversion Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Conversion Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any conversion of this Note following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall not effect a Fundamental Transaction unless it gives the Holder at least 10 Trading Days prior notice together with sufficient details so the Holder can make an informed decision as to whether it elects to accept the Alternative Consideration. If a public announcement of the Fundamental Transaction has not been made, the notice to the Holder may not be given until the Company files a Form 8-K or other report disclosing the Fundamental Transaction.
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(2) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, provided that the Warrant Shares are not registered under an effective registration statement, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction that is (x) an all cash transaction, (y) a “Rule 13e-3 transaction” as defined in Rule 13e-3 under the Exchange Act, or (z) a Fundamental Transaction involving a person or entity not traded on a national securities exchange or trading market (with such exchange or market including, without limitation, the Nasdaq Global Select Trading Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, or the Nasdaq Capital Market, the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., the NYSE American or any market operated by the OTC Markets, Inc.), the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, concurrently with the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Note from the Holder by paying to the Holder the higher of (i) an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the outstanding principal of this Note on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction
(3) If Section 5(e)(1) and (2) are not applicable, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5(e) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Note a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Note. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Note and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5(e), an Exempt Issuance (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) shall not be deemed a Fundamental Transaction.
(f) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 5 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 5, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Company) issued and outstanding.
(g) Notice to the Holder.
(i) Adjustment to Conversion Price. Whenever the Conversion Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 5, the Company shall promptly deliver to each Holder a notice setting forth the Conversion Price after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
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(ii) Notice to Allow Conversion by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on its Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of its Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of its Common Stock of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any shareholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of its Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby its Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be filed at each office or agency maintained, and shall cause to be delivered to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Note Register, at least 5 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of its Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of its Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange, provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Company), the Company or its successor shall simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. If the Company does not simultaneously file the required Form 8-K, the Holder shall be entitled penalties in accordance with Section 5.6 of the Purchase Agreement.
Section 6. Negative Covenants. As long as any portion of this Note remains outstanding, unless all of the Holders of the then outstanding Notes shall have otherwise given prior written consent, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of the Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:
(a) other than Permitted Indebtedness, enter into, create, incur, assume, guarantee or suffer to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money of any kind, including, but not limited to, a guarantee, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;
(b) other than Permitted Liens, enter into, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Liens of any kind, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;
(c) amend its charter documents, including, without limitation, its articles of incorporation and bylaws, in any manner that materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder, increases in authorized shares and stock splits shall not be deemed to materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder;
(d) purchase or otherwise acquire more than a de minimis number of shares of its Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents;
(e) repay, or offer to repay, any Indebtedness, other than Permitted Indebtedness, as such terms Indebtedness and Permitted Indebtedness are in effect as of the Original Issue Date;
(f) pay cash dividends or distributions on any equity securities of the Company;
(g) enter into any transaction with any Affiliate of the Company which would be required to be disclosed in any public filing with the SEC assuming that the Company is subject to the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, unless such transaction is made on an arm’s-length basis and expressly approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company (even if less than a quorum otherwise required for board approval);
(h) issue any equity securities of the Company other than pursuant to the provisions of the Purchase Agreement or an Exempt Issuance; or
(i) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the foregoing.
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Section 7. Events of Default.
(a) “Event of Default” means, wherever used herein, any of the following events (whatever the reason for such event and whether such event shall be voluntary or involuntary or effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court, or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):
(i) any default in the payment of (A) principal and interest payment under this Note or any other Indebtedness, or (B) late fees, liquidated damages and other amounts owing to the Holder of this Note, as and when the same shall become due and payable (whether on a Conversion Date, or the Maturity Date, or by acceleration or otherwise), which default, solely in the case of a default under clause (B) above, is not cured within five Trading Days;
(ii) the Company shall fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in this Note (other than a breach by the Company of its obligations to deliver Shares, which breach is addressed in clause (x) below) or any Transaction Document which failure is not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of 15 Trading Days after notice of such failure is sent by the Holder or by any other Holder to the Company and (B) 10 Trading Days after the Company has become aware of such failure;
(iii) except for payment defaults covered under Section 7(a)(i), the Company shall breach, or a default or event of default (subject to any grace or cure period provided in the applicable agreement, document or instrument) shall occur under, (A) any of the Transaction Documents or (B) any other material agreement, lease, document or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary is obligated (and not covered by any other clause of this Section 7) which default or event of default if not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of (i) 10 Trading Days after notice of such default sent by Holder or by any other holder to the Company and (ii) five Trading Days after the Company has become aware of such default;
(iv) any representation or warranty made in this Note, any other Transaction Document, any written statement pursuant hereto or thereto or any other report, financial statement or certificate made or delivered to the Holder or any other Holder shall be untrue or incorrect in any material respect as of the date when made or deemed made, which failure is not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of 10 Trading Days after notice of such failure is sent by the Holder or by any other Holder to the Company;
(v) the Company or any Subsidiary shall be subject to a Bankruptcy Event;
(vi) the Company or any Subsidiary shall: (A) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of it or any of its properties; (B) admit in writing its inability to pay its debts as they mature; (C) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; (D) be adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent or be the subject of an order for relief under Title 11 of the United States Code or any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute of any other jurisdiction or foreign country; or (E) file a voluntary petition in bankruptcy, or a petition or an answer seeking reorganization or an arrangement with creditors or to take advantage or any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute, or an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any proceeding under any such law, or (F) take or permit to be taken any action in furtherance of or for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing;
(vii) if any order, judgment or decree shall be entered, without the application, approval or consent of the Company or any Subsidiary, by any court of competent jurisdiction, approving a petition seeking liquidation or reorganization of the Company or any Subsidiary, or appointing a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of the Company or any Subsidiary, or of all or any substantial part of its assets, and such order, judgment or decree shall continue unstayed and in effect for any period of 60 days;
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(viii) the occurrence of any levy upon or seizure or attachment of, or any uninsured loss of or damage to, any property of the Company or any Subsidiary having an aggregate fair value or repair cost (as the case may be) in excess of $100,000 individually or in the aggregate, and any such levy, seizure or attachment shall not be set aside, bonded or discharged within 45 days after the date thereof;
(ix) any monetary judgment, writ or similar final process shall be entered or filed against the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective property or other assets for more than $100,000, and such judgment, writ or similar final process shall remain unvacated, unbonded or unstayed for a period of 30 days;
(x) any Material Adverse Effect occurs;
(xi) any provision of any Transaction Document shall at any time for any reason (other than pursuant to the express terms thereof) cease to be valid and binding on or enforceable against the parties thereto, or the validity or enforceability thereof shall be contested by any party thereto, or a proceeding shall be commenced by the Company or any Subsidiary or any governmental authority having jurisdiction over any of them, seeking to establish the invalidity or unenforceability thereof, or the Company or any Subsidiary shall deny in writing that it has any liability or obligation purported to be created under any Transaction Document;
(xii) the Company fails to use the proceeds in the manner as described in Section 5.7 of the Purchase Agreement;
(xiii) the Company shall be a party to any Change of Control Transaction or shall agree to sell or dispose of all or in excess of 50% of its assets in one transaction or a series of related transactions (whether or not such sale would constitute a Change of Control Transaction);
(xiv) from and after 90 days after the Original Issue Date, the Company fails to have authorized and reserved the amount of shares designated in Section 3.5 of the Purchase Agreement (including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation);
(xv) the Company fails to file with the SEC any required reports under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act within the time required (including any applicable extension period) by the rules and regulations thereunder; or
(xvi) the Company fails to convert from a limited liability company to a corporation on or before June 30, 2022.
(b) Remedies Upon Event of Default. If any Event of Default occurs, the outstanding principal amount of this Note, plus liquidated damages and other amounts owing in respect thereof through the date of acceleration, shall become, at the Holder’s election, immediately due and payable in cash (the “Mandatory Default Amount”). Upon the payment in full of the Mandatory Default Amount, the Holder shall promptly surrender this Note to or as directed by the Company. In connection with such acceleration described herein, the Holder need not provide, and the Company hereby waives, any presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, and the Holder may immediately and without expiration of any grace period enforce any and all of its rights and remedies hereunder and all other remedies available to it under applicable law. Such acceleration may be rescinded and annulled by Holder at any time prior to payment hereunder and the Holder shall have all rights as a holder of the Note until such time, if any, as the Holder receives full payment pursuant to this Section 7(b). No such rescission or annulment shall affect any subsequent Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
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(c) Interest Rate Upon Event of Default. Commencing on the occurrence of any Event of Default and until such Event of Default is cured, this Note shall accrue interest at an interest rate equal to the Default Interest Rate.
Section 8. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Conversion. This Note does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company.
(b) Notices. All notices, offers, acceptance and any other acts under this Agreement (except payment) shall be in writing, and shall be sufficiently given if delivered to the addressees in person, by FedEx or similar receipted next day delivery, or at the Company’s registered address or such other address as any of them, by notice to the other may designate from time to time. Time shall be counted to, or from, as the case may be, the date of delivery.
(c) Absolute Obligation. Except as expressly provided herein, no provision of this Note shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, liquidated damages and accrued interest and late fees, as applicable, on this Note at the time, place, and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed. This Note is a direct debt obligation of the Company.
(d) Lost or Mutilated Note. If this Note shall be mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall execute and deliver, in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation of a mutilated Note, or in lieu of or in substitution for a lost, stolen or destroyed Note, a new Note for the principal amount of this Note so mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, but only upon receipt of evidence of such loss, theft or destruction of this Note, and of the ownership hereof, reasonably satisfactory to the Company.
(e) Exclusive Jurisdiction; Governing Law; Prevailing Party Attorneys’ Fees. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Note and venue shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with Section 6.9 of the Purchase Agreement. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce or otherwise relating to this Note, then, in addition to the other obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Note, the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
(f) Waiver. Any waiver by the Company or the Holder of a breach of any provision of this Note shall not operate as or be construed to be a waiver of any other breach of such provision or of any breach of any other provision of this Note. The failure of the Company or the Holder to insist upon strict adherence to any term of this Note on one or more occasions shall not be considered a waiver or deprive that party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of this Note on any other occasion. Any waiver by the Company or the Holder must be in writing.
(g) Severability. If any provision of this Note is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the balance of this Note shall remain in effect, and if any provision is inapplicable to any Person or circumstance, it shall nevertheless remain applicable to all other Persons and circumstances. If it shall be found that any interest or other amount deemed interest due hereunder violates the applicable law governing usury, the applicable rate of interest due hereunder shall automatically be lowered to equal the maximum rate of interest permitted under applicable law. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law or other law which would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or interest on this Note as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Note, and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefits or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Holder, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such as though no such law has been enacted.
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(h) Remedies, Characterizations, Other Obligations, Breaches and Injunctive Relief. The remedies provided in this Note shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Note and any of the other Transaction Documents at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue actual and consequential damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Note. The Company covenants to the Holder that there shall be no characterization concerning this instrument other than as expressly provided herein. Amounts set forth or provided for herein with respect to payments, conversion and the like (and the computation thereof) shall be the amounts to be received by the Holder and shall not, except as expressly provided herein, be subject to any other obligation of the Company (or the performance thereof). The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach would be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the Holder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any such breach or any such threatened breach, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. The Company shall provide all information and documentation to the Holder that is requested by the Holder to enable the Holder to confirm the Company’s compliance with the terms and conditions of this Note.
(i) Next Trading Day. Whenever any payment or other obligation hereunder shall be due on a day other than a Trading Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Trading Day.
(j) Headings. The headings contained herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Note and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
(Signature Pages Follow)
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be duly executed by a duly authorized officer as of the date first above indicated.
| 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | |
| Name: | Geoffrey Dow | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
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Exhibit 10.13
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
This Securities Purchase Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of May [*], 2022, by and between 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company, and each investor that executes the signature page hereto as a purchaser (each, a “Purchaser” and collectively, the “Purchasers”).
WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of Section 5 of the Securities Act, as defined, contained in Section 4(a)(2) thereof and/or Rule 506(b) thereunder, the Company desires to issue and sell to the Purchaser, and the Purchaser desires to purchase from the Company, securities of the Company as more fully described in this Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE, IN CONSIDERATION of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and adequacy of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Purchaser agree as follows:
ARTICLE I.
DEFINITIONS
1.1 Definitions. In addition to the words and terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, for all purposes of this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings set forth in this Section 1.1:
“Acquiring Person” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.5. “Action” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.10.
“Affiliate” means any Person that, directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls or is controlled by or is under common control with a Person as such terms are used in and construed under Rule 405 under the Securities Act.
“Bridge Shares” means shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued to each Purchaser equal to and based on (A) 100% of the Face Value of each Purchaser’s Note divided by the Company’s IPO price upon the pricing of the Company’s IPO or (B) if the Company fails to complete the IPO before the Maturity Date, the number of shares calculated using a $27 million pre-money valuation for the Company and the number of the Company’s shares outstanding on the Maturity Date.
“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.
“Closing” means the closing of the purchase and sale of the Notes pursuant to Section 2.1.
“Closing Date” means the Trading Day on which all of the Transaction Documents have been executed and delivered by the applicable parties thereto, and all conditions precedent to (i) the Purchaser’s obligations to pay the Subscription Amount and (ii) the Company’s obligations to deliver the Securities to be issued and sold, in each case, have been satisfied or waived, but in no event later than the second Trading Day following the date hereof.
“Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share, and any other class of securities into which such securities may hereafter be reclassified or changed.
“Common Stock Equivalents” means any securities of the Company or the Subsidiaries which would entitle the holder thereof to acquire at any time Common Stock, including, without limitation, any debt, preferred stock, right, option, warrant or other instrument that is at any time convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, Common Stock.
“Company” means 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC and any successor company after conversion from a limited liability company to a corporation.
“Evaluation Date” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.19.
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Exempt Issuance” means the issuance of (a) shares of Common Stock, restricted stock units or options, and the underlying shares of Common Stock to consultants, employees, officers or directors of the Company pursuant to any stock or option plan duly adopted for such purpose, by a majority of the non- employee members of the Board of Directors or a majority of the members of a committee of non-employee directors established for such purpose for services rendered to the Company, (b) securities issued upon the exercise or exchange of or conversion of any Securities issued hereunder and/or other securities issuable pursuant to existing agreements, exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding on the date of this Agreement, provided that such securities have not been amended since the date of this Agreement to increase the number of such securities or to decrease the exercise price, exchange price or conversion price of such securities (other than in connection with stock dividends, stock splits or combinations) or to extend the term of such securities, (c) securities issued pursuant, acquisitions or strategic transactions approved by a majority of the directors of the Company, provided that any such issuance shall only be to a Person (or to the equity holders of a Person) which is, itself or through its subsidiaries, an operating company or an owner of an asset in a business synergistic with the business of the Company and which shall reasonably be expected to provide to the Company additional benefits, but shall not include a transaction in which the Company is issuing securities primarily for the purpose of raising capital or to an entity whose primary business is investing in securities, (d) securities issued pursuant to any purchase money equipment loan or capital leasing arrangement, purchasing agent or debt financing from a commercial bank or similar financial institution, (e) securities issued pursuant to any presently outstanding warrants or this Agreement; and (f) securities upon a stock split, stock dividend or subdivision of the Common Stock and shares of common stock in a public offering; (g) non-convertible loans from traditional commercials banks with interest per annum not to exceed 12% which will rank pari passu with the Notes issued to investors by the Company.
“Face Value” means the Subscription Amount plus original issue discount as described in the Notes.
“FCPA” means the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended.
“GAAP” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.8.
“Indebtedness” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.27.
“Intellectual Property” means all of the following in any jurisdiction throughout the world: (a) all inventions (whether patentable or unpatentable and whether or not reduced to practice), all improvements thereto, and all U.S. and foreign patents, patent applications, and patent disclosures, together with all reissuances, continuations, continuations-in-part, revisions, extensions, and reexaminations thereof, (b) all trademarks, service marks, brand names, certification marks, trade dress, logos, trade names, domain names, assumed names and corporate names, together with all colorable imitations thereof, and including all goodwill associated therewith, and all applications, registrations, and renewals in connection therewith, (c) all copyrights, and all applications, registrations, and renewals in connection therewith, (d) all trade secrets under applicable state laws and the common law and know-how (including formulas, techniques, technical data, designs, drawings, specifications, customer and supplier lists, pricing and cost information, and business and marketing plans and proposals), (e) all computer software (including source code, object code, diagrams, data and related documentation), and (f) all copies and tangible embodiments of the foregoing (in whatever form or medium).
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“IPO” shall mean an initial public offering by the Company that results in a listing of the Company’s Common Stock on a national securities exchange.
“Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement” means all licenses, sublicenses, agreements and permissions (each as amended to date) that any third party owns and that the Company uses, including off- the-shelf software purchased or licensed by the Company.
“Liens” means a lien, charge, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, right of first refusal, preemptive right or other restriction.
“Material Adverse Effect” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in Section 3.1. “Maturity Date” shall have the meaning assigned to such term in the Note.
“Notes” means the Original Issue Discount Promissory Notes issued to the Purchaser, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto.
“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of the Notes, regardless of any transfers of any Note and regardless of the number of instruments which may be issued to evidence such Notes.
“Person” means an individual or corporation, partnership, trust, incorporated or unincorporated association, joint venture, limited liability company, joint stock company, government (or an agency or subdivision thereof) or other entity of any kind.
“Proceeding” means an action, claim, suit, investigation or proceeding (including, without limitation, an informal investigation or partial proceeding, such as a deposition), whether commenced or threatened.
“Purchaser Party” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 5.8.
“Registrable Securities” shall mean, collectively, the Bridge Shares and the Warrant Shares. “Regulation FD” means Regulation FD promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act, as such Regulation may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Regulation
“Required Approvals” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3.4.
“Rule 144” means Rule 144 promulgated by the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act, as such Rule may be amended or interpreted from time to time, or any similar rule or regulation hereafter adopted by the SEC having substantially the same purpose and effect as such Rule.
“SEC” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. “Securities” means the Notes, the Warrants and the Shares.
“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Shares” means the Bridge Shares and the Warrant Shares.
“Short Sales” means all “short sales” as defined in Rule 200 of Regulation SHO under the Exchange Act (but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation of borrowable shares of Common Stock).
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“Subscription Amount” means, as to the Purchaser, the aggregate amount to be paid for the Note purchased hereunder as specified below the Purchaser’s name on the signature page of this Agreement and next to the heading “Subscription Amount,” in United States dollars and in immediately available funds.
“Subsidiary” means with respect to any entity at any date, any direct or indirect corporation, limited or general partnership, limited liability company, trust, estate, association, joint venture or other business entity of which (A) more than 50% of (i) the outstanding capital stock having (in the absence of contingencies) ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the Board of Directors or other managing body of such entity, (ii) in the case of a partnership or limited liability company, the interest in the capital or profits of such partnership or limited liability company or (iii) in the case of a trust, estate, association, joint venture or other entity, the beneficial interest in such trust, estate, association or other entity business is, at the time of determination, owned or controlled directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, by such entity, or (B) is under the actual control of the Company.
“Trading Day” means a day on which the principal Trading Market is open for trading.
“Trading Market” means any of the following markets or exchanges on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted for trading on the date in question: the NYSE American, the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the New York Stock Exchange, the OTCQB, the OTCQX, or the OTC Pink Marketplace (or any successors to any of the foregoing).
“Transaction Documents” means this Agreement, the Notes, the Warrants, and any other documents or agreements executed in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder, including, but not limited to, the documents referenced in Section 2.2(a).
“Transfer Agent” means [*], and any successor transfer agent of the Company.
“Variable Rate Transaction” means any Equity Line of Credit or similar agreement, nor issue nor agree to issue any Common Stock, floating or Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments nor any of the foregoing or equity with price reset rights (subject to adjustment for stock splits, distributions, dividends, recapitalizations and the like) (collectively, the “Variable Rate Transaction”). For purposes of this Agreement, “Equity Line of Credit” shall include any transaction involving a written agreement between the Company and an investor or underwriter whereby the Company has the right to “put” its securities to the investor or underwriter over an agreed period of time and at an agreed price or price formula, and “Variable Priced Equity Linked Instruments” shall include: (A) any debt or equity securities which are convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or carry the right to receive additional shares of Common Stock either (1) at any conversion, exercise or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security, or (2) with a fixed conversion, exercise or exchange price that is subject to being reset at some future date at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security due to a change in the market price of the Company’s Common Stock since date of initial issuance, and (B) any amortizing convertible security which amortizes prior to its maturity date, where the Company is required or has the option to (or any investor in such transaction has the option to require the Company to) make such amortization payments in shares of Common Stock which are valued at a price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such debt or equity security (whether or not such payments in stock are subject to certain equity conditions). For purposes of determining the total consideration for a convertible instrument (including a right to purchase equity of the Company) issued, subject to an original issue or similar discount or which principal amount is directly or indirectly increased after issuance, the consideration will be deemed to be the actual cash amount received by the Company in consideration of the original issuance of such convertible instrument.
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“Warrants” means, collectively, the Common Stock purchase warrants delivered to the Purchasers at the Closing in accordance with Section 2.2(a) hereof, which Warrants shall be exercisable immediately and have a term of exercise equal to five years from such initial exercise date, in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto.
“Warrant Exercise Price” means the exercise price provided in the Warrant.
“Warrant Shares” means the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants at the Warrant Exercise Price.
ARTICLE II.
PURCHASE AND SALE
2.1 Closing. On the Closing Dates, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein, substantially concurrent with the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto, the Company agrees to sell, and each Purchaser, severally and not jointly, agrees to purchase an aggregate of (i) Notes with a Face Value listed on the Purchaser’s signature page and (ii) Warrants to purchase shares equal to 50% of the Bridge Shares. On the Closing Date, the Purchaser shall deliver to the Company a signed copy of the Transaction Documents and, via wire transfer, immediately available funds equal to the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount. After receipt of the Subscription Amount, the Company shall deliver to the Purchaser countersigned copies of the Transaction Documents. Upon satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in Section 2.3, the Closing shall occur at the Company’s offices or such other location as the parties shall mutually agree.
2.2 Deliveries.
(a) On or prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Purchaser the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Company;
(ii) a Note in the principal amount of $250,000.00 registered in the name of the Purchaser;
(iii) an original Warrant to purchase shares of Common Stock, exercisable at the Warrant Exercise Price, registered in the name of such Purchaser;
(iv) a Board Consent approving the issuance of the Notes and the execution of the Transaction Documents listed above on behalf of the Company.
(b) On or prior to the Closing Date each Purchaser shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Company the following:
(i) this Agreement duly executed by the Purchaser; and
(ii) the Purchaser’s Subscription Amount by wire transfer to the Company.
(c) On the (i) date of the pricing of the Company’s IPO, the Company shall deliver to each Purchaser shares of the Company’s common stock equal to 100% of the Face Value of each Purchaser’s Note divided by the Company’s IPO price upon or (ii) if the Company fails to complete the IPO before the Maturity Date, the number of shares of the Company’s common stock calculated using a $27 million pre- money valuation for the Company and the number of the Company’s shares outstanding on the Maturity Date.
2.3 Closing Conditions.
(a) The obligations of the Company hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
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(i) the accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Purchaser contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Purchaser required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed; and
(iii) the delivery by the Purchaser of the items set forth in Section 2.2(b) of this Agreement.
(b) The respective obligations of the Purchaser hereunder in connection with the Closing are subject to the following conditions being met:
(i) accuracy in all material respects (or, to the extent representations or warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect, in all respects) when made and on the Closing Date of the representations and warranties of the Company contained herein (unless as of a specific date therein in which case they shall be accurate as of such date);
(ii) all obligations, covenants and agreements of the Company required to be performed at or prior to the Closing Date shall have been performed;
(iii) the delivery by the Company of the items set forth in Section 2.2(a) of this Agreement; and
(iv) there shall have been no Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Company since the date hereof.
ARTICLE III.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF COMPANY
The Company hereby makes the following representations and warranties to each Purchaser as of the date hereof:
3.1 Organization and Qualification. The Company and each of the Subsidiaries is an entity duly incorporated or otherwise organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization, with the requisite power and authority to own and use its properties and assets and to carry on its business as currently conducted. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in violation nor default of any of the provisions of its respective certificate or Articles of Incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents. Each of the Company and the Subsidiaries is duly qualified to conduct business and is in good standing as a foreign corporation or other entity in each jurisdiction in which the nature of the business conducted or property owned by it makes such qualification necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or in good standing, as the case may be, could not have or reasonably be expected to result in: (i) a material adverse effect on the legality, validity or enforceability of any Transaction Document, (ii) a material adverse effect on the results of operations, assets, business, prospects or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company and the Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (iii) a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to perform in any material respect on a timely basis its obligations under any Transaction Document (any of (i), (ii) or (iii), a “Material Adverse Effect”) and no Proceeding has been instituted in any such jurisdiction revoking, limiting or curtailing or seeking to revoke, limit or curtail such power and authority or qualification.
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3.2 Authorization; Enforcement. The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each of the other Transaction Documents by the Company and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby have been duly authorized by all necessary action on the part of the Company and no further action is required by the Company, the Board of Directors or the Company’s stockholders in connection herewith or therewith other than in connection with the Required Approvals. Subject to obtaining the Required Approvals, this Agreement and each other Transaction Document to which it is a party has been (or upon delivery will have been) duly executed by the Company and, when delivered in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof, will constitute the valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
3.3 No Conflicts. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.3, the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party, the issuance and sale of the Securities and the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby do not and will not (i) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or violate any provision of the Company’s or any Subsidiary’s Certificate or Articles of Incorporation, bylaws or other organizational or charter documents, or (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event that with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Company or any Subsidiary, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation (with or without notice, lapse of time or both) of, any agreement, credit facility, debt or other instrument (evidencing a Company or Subsidiary debt or otherwise) or other understanding to which the Company or any Subsidiary is a party or by which any property or asset of the Company or any Subsidiary is bound or affected, or (iii) subject to the Required Approvals, conflict with or result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment, injunction, decree or other restriction of any court or governmental authority to which the Company or a Subsidiary is subject (including federal and state securities laws and regulations), or by which any property or asset of the Company or a Subsidiary is bound or affected; except in the case of each of clauses (ii) and (iii), such as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
3.4 Filings, Consents and Approvals. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.4, the Company is not required to obtain any consent, waiver, authorization or order of, give any notice to, or make any filing or registration with, any court or other federal, state, local or other governmental authority or other Person in connection with the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Transaction Documents, other than: (i) blue sky filings or a Form D filing and (ii) such filings as are required to be made under applicable state securities laws (the “Required Approvals”).
3.5 Issuance of the Securities. The Securities are duly authorized and, when issued and paid for in accordance with the applicable Transaction Documents, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Shares, when issued will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, free and clear of all Liens imposed by the Company. The Company shall reserve from its duly authorized capital stock a number of shares of Common Stock issuable pursuant to the Notes and Warrants.
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3.6 Capitalization. The capitalization of the Company is as set forth on Schedule 3.6. The Company has not issued any capital stock since its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act, other than pursuant to the exercise of employee stock awards under the Company’s equity incentive plans, the issuance of shares of Common Stock to employees pursuant to the Company’s employee stock purchase plans and pursuant to the conversion and/or exercise of Common Stock Equivalents outstanding as of the date of the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act. No Person has any right of first refusal, preemptive right, right of participation, or any similar right to participate in the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.6, as a result of the purchase and sale of the Securities, there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities, rights or obligations convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for, or giving any Person any right to subscribe for or acquire, any shares of Common Stock or the capital stock of any Subsidiary, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to issue additional shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents or capital stock of any Subsidiary. The issuance and sale of the Securities will not obligate the Company or any Subsidiary to issue shares of Common Stock or other securities to any Person (other than the Purchaser) and will not result in a right of any holder of Company securities to adjust the exercise, conversion, exchange or reset price under any of such securities. There are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any Subsidiary that contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which the Company or any Subsidiary is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or such Subsidiary. The Company does not have any stock appreciation rights or “phantom stock” plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement. All of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, have been issued in compliance with all federal and state securities laws, and none of such outstanding shares was issued in violation of any preemptive rights or similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities. No further approval or authorization of any stockholder, the Board of Directors or others is required for the issuance and sale of the Securities. There are no stockholders’ agreements, voting agreements or other similar agreements with respect to the Company’s capital stock to which the Company is a party or, to the knowledge of the Company, between or among any of the Company’s stockholders.
3.7 Subsidiaries. All of the direct and indirect Subsidiaries of the Company are set forth in Schedule 3.7. The Company owns, directly or indirectly, all of the capital stock or other equity interests of each Subsidiary free and clear of any Liens, and all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each Subsidiary are validly issued and are fully paid, non-assessable and free of preemptive and similar rights to subscribe for or purchase securities.
3.8 Financial Statements. The consolidated financial statements of the Company, together with the related notes and schedules, present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and any of its Subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the consolidated results of operations, cash flows and changes in stockholders’ equity of the Company for the periods specified and have been prepared in compliance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved.
3.9 Material Changes; Undisclosed Events, Liabilities or Developments. Since the date of the latest financial statements: (i) there has been no event, occurrence or development that has had or that could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (ii) the Company has not incurred any liabilities (contingent or otherwise) other than (A) trade payables and accrued expenses incurred in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (B) liabilities not required to be reflected in the Company’s financial statements pursuant to GAAP, (iii) the Company has not altered its method of accounting, (iv) the Company has not declared or made any dividend or distribution of cash or other property to its stockholders or purchased, redeemed or made any agreements to purchase or redeem any shares of its capital stock and (v) the Company has not issued any equity securities to any officer, director or Affiliate, except pursuant to existing Company equity incentive plans. Other than as disclosed on Schedule 3.9, except for the issuance of the Securities contemplated by this Agreement, no event, liability, fact, circumstance, occurrence or development has occurred or exists or is reasonably expected to occur or exist with respect to the Company or its Subsidiaries or their respective businesses, prospects, properties, operations, assets or financial condition that would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws at the time this representation is made or deemed made that has not been publicly disclosed at least one Trading Day prior to the date that this representation is made.
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3.10 Litigation. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.10, there is no action, suit, inquiry, notice of violation, proceeding or investigation, inquiry or other similar proceeding of any federal or state government unit pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective properties before or by any court, arbitrator, governmental or administrative agency or regulatory authority (federal, state, county, local or foreign) (collectively, an “Action”) which (i) adversely affects or challenges the legality, validity or enforceability of any of the Transaction Documents or the issuance of the Securities or (ii) could, if there were an unfavorable decision, have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no reason to believe that an Action will be filed against it in the future except as disclosed on Schedule 3.10. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor any director or officer thereof, is or has been the subject of any Action involving a claim of violation of or liability under federal or state securities laws or a claim for fraud or breach of fiduciary duty. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is not pending or contemplated, any investigation or inquiry by the SEC involving the Company or any current or former director or officer of the Company. The SEC has not issued any stop order or other order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company or any Subsidiary under the Securities Act, and the Company has no reason to believe it will do so in the future.
3.11 Labor Relations. No labor dispute exists or, to the knowledge of the Company, is imminent with respect to any of the employees of the Company, which could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect. None of the Company’s or its Subsidiaries’ employees is a member of a union that relates to such employee’s relationship with the Company or such Subsidiary, and neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries is a party to a collective bargaining agreement, and the Company and its Subsidiaries believe that their relationships with their employees are good. To the knowledge of the Company, no effort is underway to unionize or organize the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary. To the knowledge of the Company, no executive officer of the Company or any Subsidiary, is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality, disclosure or proprietary information agreement or non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive covenant in favor of any third party, and the continued employment of each such executive officer does not subject the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and its Subsidiaries are in compliance with all U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where the failure to be in compliance could not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect. There is no workmen’s compensation liability matter, employment-related charge, complaint, grievance, investigation, inquiry or obligation of any kind pending, or to the Company’s knowledge, threatened, relating to an alleged violation or breach by the Company or its Subsidiaries of any law, regulation or contract that could, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect.
3.12 Compliance. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.12, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary: (i) is in default under or in violation of (and no event has occurred that has not been waived that, with notice or lapse of time or both, would result in a default by the Company or any Subsidiary under), nor has the Company or any Subsidiary received notice of a claim that it is in default under or that it is in violation of, any indenture, loan or credit agreement or any other agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which it or any of its properties is bound (whether or not such default or violation has been waived), (ii) is in violation of any judgment, decree or order of any court, arbitrator or other governmental authority or (iii) is or has been in violation of any statute, rule, ordinance or regulation of any governmental authority, including without limitation all foreign, federal, state and local laws relating to taxes, environmental protection, occupational health and safety, product quality and safety and employment and labor matters, except in each case as could not have or reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.
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3.13 Environmental Laws. The Company and its Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including laws relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances or wastes (collectively, “Hazardous Materials”) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations, codes, decrees, demands, or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans or regulations, issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder (“Environmental Laws”); (ii) have received all permits licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental Laws to conduct their respective businesses; and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license or approval where in each clause (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect.
3.14 Regulatory Permits. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations and permits issued by the appropriate regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the failure to possess such certificates, authorizations or permits would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect, and neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit. There is no agreement, commitment, judgment, injunction, order or decree binding upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party which has or would reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or materially impairing any business practice of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, any acquisition of property by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the conduct of business by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries as currently conducted other than such effects, individually or in the aggregate, which have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
3.15 Title to Assets. Subject to the Liens of the outstanding secured senior debt, the Company and the Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all personal property owned by them that is material to the business of the Company and the Subsidiaries. The Company owns no real property. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company and the Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with which the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance.
3.16 Intellectual Property.
(i) Subject to the Liens of the outstanding secured senior debt, to the Company’s knowledge, the Company owns or possesses or has the right to use pursuant to a valid and enforceable written license, sublicense, agreement, or permission all Intellectual Property necessary for the operation of the business of the Company as presently conducted.
(ii) To the Company’s knowledge, the Intellectual Property does not interfere with, infringe upon, misappropriate, or otherwise come into conflict with, any Intellectual Property rights of third parties, and the Company has no knowledge that facts exist which indicate a likelihood of the foregoing. The Company has not received any charge, complaint, claim, demand, or notice alleging any such interference, infringement, misappropriation, or conflict (including any claim that the Company must license or refrain from using any Intellectual Property rights of any third party). To the knowledge of the Company, no third party has interfered with, infringed upon, misappropriated, or otherwise come into conflict with, any Intellectual Property rights of the Company.
(iii) With respect to each Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement:
(A) The Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement is legal, valid, binding, enforceable, and in full force and effect;
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(B) To the Company’s knowledge, no party to the Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement is in breach or default, and no event has occurred that with notice or lapse of time would constitute a breach or default or permit termination, modification, or acceleration thereunder, which as to any such breach, default or event could have a Material Adverse Effect on the Company;
(C) No party to such Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement has repudiated any provision thereof;
(D) Except as set forth in such Licensed Intellectual Property Agreement, the Company has not received written or verbal notice or otherwise has knowledge that the underlying item of Intellectual Property is subject to any outstanding injunction, judgment, order, decree, ruling, or charge; and
(E) Except as set forth on Schedule 3.16, the Company has not granted any sublicense or similar right with respect to the license, sublicense, agreement, or permission.
(iv) The Company has complied with and is presently in compliance with all foreign, federal, state, local, governmental (including, but not limited to, the Federal Trade Commission and State Attorneys General), administrative, or regulatory laws, regulations, guidelines, and rules applicable to any personal identifiable information.
(v) Each Person who participated in the creation, conception, invention or development of the Intellectual Property currently used in the business of the Company (each, a “Developer”) which is not licensed from third parties has executed one or more agreements containing industry standard confidentiality, work for hire and assignment provisions, whereby the Developer has assigned to the Company all copyrights, patent rights, Intellectual Property rights and other rights in the Intellectual Property, including all rights in the Intellectual Property that existed prior to the assignment of rights by such Person to the Company.
(vi) Each Developer has signed a perpetual non-disclosure agreement with the Company.
3.17 Insurance. The Company and the Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which the Company and the Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business without a significant increase in cost.
3.18 Transactions With Affiliates and Employees. Except as disclosed in Schedule 3.18, none of the officers or directors of the Company or any Subsidiary and, to the knowledge of the Company, none of the employees of the Company or any Subsidiary is presently a party to any transaction with the Company or any Subsidiary (other than for services as employees, officers and directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by, providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, providing for the borrowing of money from or lending of money to or otherwise requiring payments to or from any officer, director or such employee or, to the knowledge of the Company, any entity in which any officer, director, or any such employee has a substantial interest or is an officer, director, trustee, stockholder, member or partner, in each case in excess of $120,000 other than for (i) payment of salary or consulting fees for services rendered, (ii) reimbursement for expenses incurred on behalf of the Company and (iii) other employee benefits, including stock award agreements under any equity incentive plan of the Company.
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3.19 Sarbanes-Oxley; Internal Accounting Controls. Except as disclosed in the Schedule 3.19, the Company and the Subsidiaries are in compliance with any and all applicable requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and any and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date. The Company and the Subsidiaries maintain a system of internal accounting controls. The Company’s certifying officers have evaluated the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures of the Company and the Subsidiaries as of the end of the period covered by the most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act (such date, the “Evaluation Date”). The Company presented in its most recently filed periodic report under the Exchange Act the conclusions of the certifying officers about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures based on their evaluations as of the Evaluation Date. Since the Evaluation Date, there have been no changes in the internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in the Exchange Act) of the Company and its Subsidiaries that have materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting of the Company and its Subsidiaries.
3.20 Certain Fees. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.20, no brokerage or finder’s fees or commissions are or will be payable by the Company or any Subsidiary to any broker, financial advisor or consultant, finder, placement agent, investment banker, bank or other Person with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The Purchaser shall have no obligation with respect to any fees or with respect to any claims made by or on behalf of other Persons for fees of a type contemplated in this Section that may be due by the Company in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.
3.21 Investment Company. The Company is not, and is not an Affiliate of, and immediately after receipt of payment for the Securities, will not be or be an Affiliate of, an “investment company” within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. The Company shall conduct its business in a manner so that it will not become an “investment company” subject to registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
3.22 Registration Rights. Except as disclosed on Schedule 3.22, no Person has any right to cause the Company or any Subsidiary to effect the registration under the Securities Act of any securities of the Company or any Subsidiary.
3.23 Listing and Maintenance Requirements; Shell Company. The Company’s Common Stock is not quoted or listed on any Trading Market. The Company is not and has never been a shell company as such term is defined in Rule 12(b)(2) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.
3.24 Application of Takeover Protections. The Company and the Board of Directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or other similar anti-takeover provision under the Company’s certificate of incorporation (or similar charter documents) or the laws of its state of incorporation that is or could become applicable to the Purchaser as a result of the Purchaser and the Company fulfilling their obligations or exercising their rights under the Transaction Documents, including without limitation as a result of the Company’s issuance of the Securities and the Purchaser’s ownership of the Securities.
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3.25 Disclosure. Except with respect to the material terms and conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, the Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided the Purchaser or its agent or counsel with any information that it believes constitutes or might constitute material, non-public information which is not otherwise disclosed on Schedule 3.25. The Company understands and confirms that the Purchaser will rely on the foregoing representation in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All of the disclosure furnished by or on behalf of the Company to the Purchaser regarding the Company and its Subsidiaries, their respective businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Disclosure Schedules to this Agreement, is true and correct and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading. The press releases disseminated by the Company during the 12 months preceding the date of this Agreement do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made and when made, not misleading. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Purchaser makes or has made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth in Article IV hereof.
3.26 No Integrated Offering. Assuming the accuracy of the Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Article IV, neither the Company, nor any of its Affiliates, nor any Person acting on its or their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would cause this offering of the Securities to be integrated with prior offerings by the Company for purposes of any applicable stockholder approval provisions of any Trading Market on which any of the securities of the Company are listed or designated.
3.27 Solvency. Based on the consolidated financial condition of the Company as of the Closing Date, after giving effect to the receipt by the Company of the proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder, (i) the Company’s assets do not constitute unreasonably small capital to carry on its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted including its capital needs taking into account the particular capital requirements of the business conducted by the Company, consolidated and projected capital requirements and capital availability thereof, and (ii) the current cash flow of the Company, together with the proceeds the Company would receive, were it to liquidate all of its assets, after taking into account all anticipated uses of the cash, would be sufficient to pay all amounts on or in respect of its liabilities when such amounts are required to be paid. The Company does not intend to incur debts beyond its ability to pay such debts as they mature (taking into account the timing and amounts of cash to be payable on or in respect of its debt). The Company has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which lead it to believe that it will file for reorganization or liquidation under the bankruptcy or reorganization laws of any jurisdiction within one year from the Closing Date. Schedule 3.27 sets forth as of the date hereof all outstanding secured and unsecured Indebtedness of the Company or any Subsidiary, or for which the Company or any Subsidiary has commitments. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Indebtedness” means (x) any liabilities for borrowed money or amounts owed in excess of $100,000 (other than trade accounts payable incurred in the ordinary course of business), (y) all guaranties, endorsements and other contingent obligations in respect of indebtedness of others, whether or not the same are or should be reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet (or the notes thereto), except guaranties by endorsement of negotiable instruments for deposit or collection or similar transactions in the ordinary course of business; and (z) the present value of any lease payments in excess of $100,000 due under leases required to be capitalized in accordance with GAAP. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.27, neither the Company nor any Subsidiary is in default with respect to any Indebtedness.
3.28 Tax Status. The Company and each of its Subsidiaries have filed all federal, state, local and foreign tax returns which have been required to be filed and paid all taxes shown thereon through the date hereof, to the extent that such taxes have become due and are not being contested in good faith, except where the failure to so file or pay would not have a Material Adverse Effect. Except as otherwise disclosed in Schedule 3.28, no tax deficiency has been determined adversely to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries which has had, or would have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The Company has no knowledge of any federal, state or other governmental tax deficiency, penalty or assessment which has been or might be asserted or threatened against it which would have a Material Adverse Effect
3.29 Foreign Corrupt Practices. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary, nor to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, any agent or other person acting on behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary, has (i) directly or indirectly, used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses related to foreign or domestic political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees or to any foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns from corporate funds, (iii) failed to disclose fully any contribution made by the Company or any Subsidiary (or made by any person acting on its behalf of which the Company is aware) which is in violation of law, or (iv) violated any provision of FCPA.
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3.30 Acknowledgment Regarding Purchaser’s Purchase of Securities. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Purchaser is acting solely in the capacity of an arm’s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby. The Company further acknowledges that no Purchaser is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company (or in any similar capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby and any advice given by any Purchaser or any of their respective representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated thereby is merely incidental to the Purchaser’s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to the Purchaser that the Company’s decision to enter into this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents has been based solely on the independent evaluation of the transactions contemplated hereby by the Company and its representatives.
3.31 Acknowledgement Regarding Purchaser’s Trading Activity. Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement or elsewhere to the contrary (except for Sections 4.7 and 5.12 hereof), it is understood and acknowledged by the Company that: (i) the Purchaser has not been asked by the Company to agree, nor has the Purchaser agreed, to desist from purchasing or selling, long and/or short, securities of the Company, or “derivative” securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold the Securities for any specified term; (ii) past or future open market or other transactions by any Purchaser, specifically including, without limitation, Short Sales or “derivative” transactions, before or after the closing of this or future private placement transactions, may negatively impact the market price of the Company’s publicly-traded securities; (iii) any Purchaser, and counter-parties in “derivative” transactions to which the Purchaser is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may have a “short” position in the Common Stock, and (iv) the Purchaser shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over any arm’s length counter-party in any “derivative” transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges that (y) the Purchaser may engage in hedging activities at various times during the period that the Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value of the Shares deliverable with respect to Securities are being determined, and (z) such hedging activities (if any) could reduce the value of the existing stockholders’ equity interests in the Company at and after the time that the hedging activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging activities do not constitute a breach of any of the Transaction Documents.
3.32 Regulation M Compliance. The Company has not, and to its knowledge no one acting on its behalf has, (i) taken, directly or indirectly, any action designed to cause or to result in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or, paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of, any of the Securities, or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting another to purchase any other securities of the Company.
3.33 Private Placement. Assuming the accuracy of each Purchaser’s representations and warranties set forth in Article IV, no registration under the Securities Act is required for the offer and sale of the Notes or the Shares issuable upon conversion thereof by the Company to the Purchasers as contemplated hereby.
3.34 No General Solicitation. Neither the Company nor any person acting on behalf of the Company has offered or sold any of the Securities by any form of general solicitation or general advertising. The Company offered the Securities for sale only to the Purchaser and certain other “accredited investors” within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act.
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3.35 No Disqualification Events. With respect to the Securities to be offered and sold hereunder in reliance on Rule 506(b) under the Securities Act, none of the Company, any of its predecessors, any affiliated issuer, any director, executive officer, other officer of the Company participating in the offering hereunder, any beneficial owner of 20% or more of the Company’s outstanding voting equity securities, calculated on the basis of voting power, nor any promoter (as that term is defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act) connected with the Company in any capacity at the time of sale, nor any Person, including a placement agent, who will receive a commission or fees for soliciting purchasers (each, an “Issuer Covered Person” and, together, “Issuer Covered Persons”) is subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3). The Company has exercised reasonable care to determine whether any Issuer Covered Person is subject to a Disqualification Event. The Company has complied, to the extent applicable, with its disclosure obligations under Rule 506(e), and has furnished to the Purchaser a copy of any disclosures provided thereunder.
3.36 Notice of Disqualification Events. The Company will notify the Purchaser in writing, prior to the Closing Date of (i) any Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person and (ii) any event that would, with the passage of time, reasonably be expected to become a Disqualification Event relating to any Issuer Covered Person, in each case of which it is aware.
3.37 Office of Foreign Assets Control. Neither the Company nor any Subsidiary nor, to the Company's knowledge, any director, officer, agent, employee or affiliate of the Company or any Subsidiary is currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department (“OFAC”).
3.38 U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation. The Company is not and has never been a U.S. real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company shall so certify upon Purchaser’s request.
3.39 Bank Holding Company Act. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the “BHCA”) and to regulation by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent or more of the total equity of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.
3.40 Money Laundering. The operations of the Company and its Subsidiaries are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with applicable financial record-keeping and reporting requirements of the Currency and Foreign Transactions Reporting Act of 1970, as amended, applicable money laundering statutes and applicable rules and regulations thereunder (collectively, the “Money Laundering Laws”), and no Action or Proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency, authority or body or any arbitrator involving the Company or any Subsidiary with respect to the Money Laundering Laws is pending or, to the knowledge of the Company or any Subsidiary, threatened.
ARTICLE IV.
REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF PURCHASERS
4.1 Representations and Warranties of the Purchaser. Each Purchaser, for itself and for no other Purchaser, hereby represents and warrants as of the date hereof and as of the Closing Date to the Company as follows (unless as of a specific date therein):
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4.2 Organization; Authority. The Purchaser is either an individual or an entity duly incorporated or formed, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation with full right, corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and otherwise to carry out its obligations hereunder and thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and performance by the Purchaser of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate, partnership, limited liability company or similar action, as applicable, on the part of the Purchaser. Each Transaction Document to which it is a party has been duly executed by the Purchaser, and when delivered by the Purchaser in accordance with the terms hereof, will constitute the valid and legally binding obligation of the Purchaser, enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, except: (i) as limited by general equitable principles and applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief or other equitable remedies and (iii) insofar as indemnification and contribution provisions may be limited by applicable law.
4.3 Understandings or Arrangements. The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities as principal for its own account and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell the Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws). The Purchaser is acquiring the Securities hereunder in the ordinary course of its business. The Purchaser understands that the Securities are “restricted securities” and have not been registered under the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and is acquiring such Securities as principal for its own account and not with a view to or for distributing or reselling such Securities or any part thereof in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law, has no present intention of distributing any of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law and has no direct or indirect arrangement or understandings with any other persons to distribute or regarding the distribution of such Securities in violation of the Securities Act or any applicable state securities law (this representation and warranty not limiting the Purchaser’s right to sell such Securities in compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws).
4.4 Purchaser Status. At the time the Purchaser was offered the Securities, it was, and as of the date hereof it is, an accredited investor within the meaning of Rule 501 under the Securities Act. The Purchaser is not subject to any of the “Bad Actor” disqualifications described in Rule 506(d)(1)(i) to (viii) under the Securities Act (a “Disqualification Event”), except for a Disqualification Event covered by Rule 506(d)(2) or (d)(3).
4.5 Experience of the Purchaser. The Purchaser, either alone or together with its representatives, has such knowledge, sophistication and experience in business and financial matters so as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the prospective investment in the Securities, and has so evaluated the merits and risks of such investment. The Purchaser is able to bear the economic risk of an investment in the Securities and, at the present time, is able to afford a complete loss of such investment.
4.6 Access to Information. The Purchaser acknowledges that it has had the opportunity to review the Transaction Documents (including all exhibits and schedules thereto) and has been afforded, subject to Regulation FD, (i) the opportunity to ask such questions as it has deemed necessary of, and to receive answers from, representatives of the Company concerning the terms and conditions of the offering of the Securities and the merits and risks of investing in the Securities; (ii) access to information about the Company and its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects sufficient to enable it to evaluate its investment; and (iii) the opportunity to obtain such additional information that the Company possesses or can acquire without unreasonable effort or expense that is necessary to make an informed investment decision with respect to the investment; provided, however, that the Purchaser has not requested nor been provided by the Company with any non-public information regarding the Company, its financial condition, results of operations, business, properties, management and prospects. The Purchaser acknowledges and agrees that neither the Company nor anyone else has provided the Purchaser with any information or advice with respect to the Securities nor is such information or advice necessary or desired.
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4.7 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. Other than consummating the transactions contemplated hereunder, the Purchaser has not, nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with the Purchaser, directly or indirectly executed any purchases or sales, including Short Sales, of the securities of the Company during the period commencing as of the time that the Purchaser first received a term sheet (written or oral) from the Company or any other Person representing the Company setting forth the material terms of the transactions contemplated hereunder and ending immediately prior to the execution hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the representation set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement. Other than to other Persons party to this Agreement or to the Purchaser’s representatives, including, without limitation, its officers, directors, partners, legal and other advisors, employees, agents and Affiliates, the Purchaser has maintained the confidentiality of all disclosures made to it in connection with this transaction (including the existence and terms of this transaction). Notwithstanding the foregoing, for avoidance of doubt, nothing contained herein shall constitute a representation or warranty, or preclude any actions, with respect to the identification of the availability of, or securing of, available shares to borrow in order to effect Short Sales or similar transactions in the future.
The Company acknowledges and agrees that the representations contained in this Article 4 shall not modify, amend or affect the Purchaser’s right to rely on the Company’s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any representations and warranties contained in any other Transaction Document or any other document or instrument executed and/or delivered in connection with this Agreement or the consummation of the transaction contemplated hereby.
ARTICLE V.
OTHER AGREEMENTS OF THE PARTIES
5.1 Removal of Legends.
The Shares and the Warrants may only be disposed of in compliance with state and federal securities laws. In connection with any transfer of the Shares or Warrants other than pursuant to an effective registration statement or Rule 144, to the Company or to an Affiliate of a Purchaser or in connection with a pledge as contemplated in Section 5.1(b), the Company may require the transferor to provide to the Company an opinion of counsel selected by the transferor and reasonably acceptable to the Company at the cost of the Company, the form and substance of which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that such transfer does not require registration of such transferred Shares or Warrants under the Securities Act.
(a) Each Purchaser agrees to the imprinting, so long as is required by this Section 5.1, of a legend on any of the Shares or the Warrants in the following form:
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT WITH A REGISTERED BROKER-DEALER OR OTHER LOAN WITH A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION THAT IS AN “ACCREDITED INVESTOR” AS DEFINED IN RULE 501(a) UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
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(b) The Company acknowledges and agrees that a Purchaser may from time to time pledge pursuant to a bona fide margin agreement with a registered broker-dealer or grant a security interest in some or all of the Shares to a financial institution that is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act and who agrees to be bound by the provisions of this Agreement and, if required under the terms of such arrangement, such Purchaser may transfer pledged or secured Shares to the pledgees or secured parties. Such a pledge or transfer would not be subject to approval of the Company and no legal opinion of legal counsel of the pledgee, secured party or pledgor shall be required in connection therewith. Further, no notice shall be required of such pledge. At the appropriate Purchaser’s expense, the Company will execute and deliver such reasonable documentation as a pledgee or secured party of Shares may reasonably request in connection with a pledge or transfer of the Shares.
(c) Certificates evidencing the Shares (or the Transfer Agent’s records if held in book entry form) shall not contain any legend (including the legend set forth in Section 5.1(a) hereof): (i) while a registration statement covering the resale of such securities is effective under the Securities Act (the “Effective Date”), (ii) following any sale of such Shares pursuant to Rule 144, (iii) if such Shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144, without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or (iv) if such legend is not required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including Sections 4(a)(1) and 4(a)(7) judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the SEC). The Company shall, if any of the provisions in clause (i) –(iv) above are applicable, at its expense, cause its counsel to issue a legal opinion to the Transfer Agent promptly after the Effective Date if required by the Transfer Agent to effect the removal of the legend hereunder. If all or any portion of a Warrant is exercised at a time when there is an effective registration statement to cover the resale of the Shares, or if such Shares may be sold under Rule 144 and the Company is then in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144, or if the Shares may be sold under Rule 144 without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with the current public information required under Rule 144 as to such Shares and without volume or manner-of-sale restrictions or if such legend is not otherwise required under applicable requirements of the Securities Act (including Sections 4(a)(1) and 4(a)(7), judicial interpretations and pronouncements issued by the staff of the SEC) then such Shares shall be issued or reissued free of all legends. The Company agrees that following the effective date of any registration statement or at such time as such legend is no longer required under this Section 5.1(c), it will, no later than two Trading Days following the delivery by a Purchaser to the Company or the Transfer Agent of a certificate representing restricted Shares, as applicable, issued with a restrictive legend (such second Trading Day, the “Legend Removal Date”), deliver or cause to be delivered to such Purchaser a certificate representing such Shares that is free from all restrictive and other legends. The Company may not make any notation on its records or give instructions to the Transfer Agent that enlarge the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Section 5.1. Certificates for Shares subject to legend removal hereunder shall be transmitted by the Transfer Agent to the Purchaser by crediting the account of the Purchaser’s prime broker with the Depository Trust Company system as directed by such Purchaser. The Company shall be responsible for any delays caused by its Transfer Agent.
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(d) In addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, (i) the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, for the value of the Warrant Shares for which a Warrant is being exercised (based on the Warrant Exercise Price), $20 per Trading Day for each Trading Day after the Legend Removal Date (increasing to $20 per Trading Day after the fifth Trading Day) until such certificate is delivered without a legend. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Company’s failure to deliver certificates representing any Securities as required by the Transaction Documents, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief, and (ii) if after the Legend Removal Date such Purchaser purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by such Purchaser of all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock, or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock that such Purchaser anticipated receiving from the Company without any restrictive legend, then, the Company shall pay to such Purchaser, in cash, an amount equal to the excess of such Purchaser’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) (the “Buy-In Price”) over the product of (A) such number of Shares that the Company was required to deliver to such Purchaser by the Legend Removal Date multiplied by (B) the highest closing sale price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the delivery by such Purchaser to the Company of the applicable Shares (as the case may be) and ending on the date of such delivery and payment under this Section 5.1(d).
(e) In the event a Purchaser shall request delivery of unlegended shares as described in this Section 5.1 and the Company is required to deliver such unlegended shares, (i) it shall pay all fees and expenses associated with or required by the legend removal and/or transfer including but not limited to legal fees, Transfer Agent fees and overnight delivery charges and taxes, if any, imposed by any applicable government upon the issuance of Common Stock; and (ii) the Company may not refuse to deliver unlegended shares based on any claim that such Purchaser or anyone associated or affiliated with such Purchaser has not complied with Purchaser’s obligations under the Transaction Documents, or for any other reason, unless, an injunction or temporary restraining order from a court, on notice, restraining and or enjoining delivery of such unlegended shares shall have been sought and obtained by the Company and the Company has posted a surety bond for the benefit of such Purchaser in the amount of the greater of (i) 150% of the amount of the aggregate purchase price of the Bridge Shares (based on the market price of the Bridge Shares) and Warrant Shares (based on exercise price in effect upon exercise) which is subject to the injunction or temporary restraining order, or (ii) the VWAP of the Common Stock on the Trading Day before the issue date of the injunction multiplied by the number of unlegended shares to be subject to the injunction, which bond shall remain in effect until the completion of the litigation of the dispute and the proceeds of which shall be payable to such Purchaser to the extent Purchaser obtains judgment in Purchaser’s favor.
5.2 Furnishing of Information.
(a) Until the earliest of the time that (i) no Purchaser owns Shares or (ii) the Warrants have expired, the Company covenants to timely file (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to the Exchange Act even if the Company is not then subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.
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(b) At any time during the period commencing from the six month anniversary of the date hereof and ending at such time on the earlier to occur that the Warrants are not outstanding, terminated or that all of the Warrant Shares (assuming cashless exercise) may be sold without the requirement for the Company to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) and otherwise without restriction or limitation pursuant to Rule 144, if the Company (i) shall fail for any reason to satisfy the current public information requirement under Rule 144(c) for a period of more than 30 consecutive days or (ii) has ever been an issuer described in Rule 144(i)(1)(i) or becomes an issuer in the future, and the Company shall fail to satisfy any condition set forth in Rule 144(i)(2) for a period of more than 30 consecutive days (a “Public Information Failure”) then, in addition to such Purchaser’s other available remedies, the Company shall pay to a Purchaser, in cash, as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty, by reason of any such delay in or reduction of its ability to sell the Shares and/or Warrant Shares, an amount in cash equal to two percent of the aggregate Note Conversion Price of such Purchaser’s Note(s) and/or Warrant Exercise Price of such Purchaser’s Warrants on the day of a Public Information Failure and on every 30th day (pro-rated for periods totaling less than thirty days) thereafter until the earlier of (a) the date such Public Information Failure is cured and (b) such time that such public information is no longer required for the Purchasers to transfer the Shares and/or Warrant Shares pursuant to Rule 144. Public Information Failure Payments shall be paid on the earlier of (i) the last day of the calendar month during which such Public Information Failure Payments are incurred and (ii) the second Trading Day after the event or failure giving rise to the Public Information Failure payments is cured. In the event the Company fails to make Public Information Failure payments in a timely manner, such Public Information Failure payments shall bear interest at the rate of one and one-half percent per month (prorated for partial months) until paid in full. Nothing herein shall limit such Purchaser’s right to pursue actual damages for the Public Information Failure, and such Purchaser shall have the right to pursue all remedies available to it at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief.
5.3 Integration. The Company shall not sell, offer for sale or solicit offers to buy or otherwise negotiate in respect of any security (as defined in Section 2(a)(1) of the Securities Act) that would be integrated with the offer or sale of the Securities for purposes of the rules and regulations of any Trading Market such that it would require stockholder approval prior to the closing of such other transaction unless stockholder approval is obtained before the closing of such subsequent transaction.
5.4 Securities Laws Disclosure; Publicity. The Company shall not publicly disclose the name of any Purchaser, or include the name of any Purchaser in any filing with the SEC or any regulatory agency or Trading Market, without the prior written consent of the Purchaser, except (a) as required by federal securities law in connection with the filing of final Transaction Documents with the SEC and (b) to the extent such disclosure is required by law or Trading Market regulations, in which case the Company shall provide the Purchaser with prior notice of such disclosure permitted under this clause (b).
5.5 Stockholder Rights Plan. No claim will be made or enforced by the Company or, with the consent of the Company, any other Person, that any Purchaser is an “Acquiring Person” under any control share acquisition, business combination, poison pill (including any distribution under a rights agreement) or similar anti-takeover plan or arrangement in effect or hereafter adopted by the Company, or that any Purchaser could be deemed to trigger the provisions of any such plan or arrangement, by virtue of receiving Securities under the Transaction Documents or under any other agreement between the Company and the Purchaser.
5.6 Non-Public Information. When the Company’s Common Stock is quoted or listed on a Trading Market, to the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document or any other communications made by the Company, or information provided, to the Purchaser constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice or other material information with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company understands and confirms that each Purchaser shall be relying on the foregoing covenant in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. In addition to any other remedies provided by this Agreement or other Transaction Documents, if the Company knowingly provides any material, non- public information to the Purchasers without their prior written consent, and it fails to immediately (no later than that Trading Day) file a Form 8-K, once it is required to do so, disclosing this material, non-public information, it shall pay the Purchasers as partial liquidated damages and not as a penalty a sum equal to $1,000 per day for each $100,000 of each Purchaser’s Subscription Amount beginning with the day the information is disclosed to the Purchaser and ending and including the day the Form 8-K disclosing this information is filed.
5.7 Use of Proceeds. The Company shall use the net proceeds from the sale of the Securities hereunder for working capital purposes, and shall not use such proceeds: (a) for the satisfaction of any Indebtedness as defined in the Note, (b) for the redemption of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, (c) in violation of FCPA or OFAC regulations, or (d) to lend money, give credit, or make advances to any officers, directors, employees or affiliates of the Company.
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5.8 Indemnification of Purchaser.
Subject to the provisions of this Section 5.8, the Company will indemnify and hold each Purchaser and its directors, officers, stockholders, members, partners, employees and agents (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title), each Person who controls the Purchaser (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and Section 20 of the Exchange Act), and the directors, officers, stockholders, agents, members, partners or employees (and any other Persons with a functionally equivalent role of a Person holding such titles notwithstanding a lack of such title or any other title) of such controlling persons (each, a “Purchaser Party”) harmless from any and all losses, liabilities, obligations, claims, contingencies, damages, costs and expenses, including all judgments, amounts paid in settlements, court costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs of investigation (including local counsel, if retained) that any such Purchaser Party may suffer or incur as a result of or relating to (a) any breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by the Company in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents, (b) any action instituted against the Purchaser Parties in any capacity, or any of them or their respective Affiliates, by any stockholder of the Company who is not an Affiliate of such Purchaser Party, with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents (unless such action is solely based upon a breach of such Purchaser Party’s representations, warranties or covenants under the Transaction Documents or any agreements or understandings such Purchaser Party may have with any such stockholder or any violations by such Purchaser Party of state or federal securities laws or any conduct by such Purchaser Party which constitutes fraud, gross negligence, willful misconduct or malfeasance) or (c) any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any registration statement, any prospectus or any form of prospectus or in any amendment or supplement thereto or in any preliminary prospectus, or arising out of or relating to any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of any prospectus or supplement thereto, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading. If any action shall be brought against any Purchaser Party in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to this Agreement, such Purchaser Party shall promptly notify the Company in writing, and the Company shall have the right to assume the defense thereof with counsel of its own choosing reasonably acceptable to the Purchaser Party. Any Purchaser Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel in any such action and participate in the defense thereof, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Purchaser Party except to the extent that (i) the employment thereof has been specifically authorized by the Company in writing, (ii) the Company has failed after a reasonable period of time to assume such defense and to employ counsel or (iii) in such action there is, in the reasonable opinion of counsel, a material conflict on any material issue between the position of the Company and the position of such Purchaser Party, in which case the Company shall be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of no more than one such separate counsel (in addition to local counsel, if retained). The Company will not be liable to any Purchaser Party under this Agreement (y) for any settlement by a Purchaser Party effected without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed; or (z) to the extent, but only to the extent that a loss, claim, damage or liability is attributable to any Purchaser Party’s breach of any of the representations, warranties, covenants or agreements made by such Purchaser Party in this Agreement or in the other Transaction Documents. The Purchaser Parties shall have the right to settle any action against any of them by the payment of money provided that they cannot agree to any equitable relief and the Company, its officers, directors and Affiliates receive unconditional releases in customary form. The indemnification required by this Section 5.8 shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or are incurred. The indemnity agreements contained herein shall be in addition to any cause of action or similar right of any Purchaser Party against the Company or others and any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to law.
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5.9 Settlement Without Consent if Failure to Reimburse. If an indemnified party shall have requested an indemnifying party to reimburse the indemnified party for reasonable fees and expenses of counsel, such indemnifying party agrees that it shall be liable for any settlement of the nature contemplated by Section 5.8 effected without its written consent if (1) such settlement is entered into more than 45 days after receipt by such indemnifying party of the aforesaid request, (2) such indemnifying party shall have received notice of the terms of such settlement at least 30 days prior to such settlement being entered into and (3) such indemnifying party shall not have reimbursed such indemnified party in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement.
5.10 Listing of Common Stock. The Company agrees, if the Company applies to have the Common Stock traded on any Trading Market, it will then include in such application all of the Shares, and will take such other action as is necessary to cause all of the Shares to be listed or quoted on such other Trading Market as promptly as possible. The Company will then take all action necessary to continue the listing and trading of its Common Stock on a Trading Market and will comply in all respects with the Company’s reporting, filing and other obligations under the bylaws or rules of the Trading Market. The Company agrees to maintain the eligibility of the Common Stock for electronic transfer through the Depository Trust Company or another established clearing corporation, including, without limitation, by timely payment of fees to the Depository Trust Company or such other established clearing corporation in connection with such electronic transfer.
5.11 Senior Debt. The Company shall not issue any new indebtedness which is senior in rank to the Notes while the Notes are outstanding.
5.12 Certain Transactions and Confidentiality. The Purchaser covenants that neither it nor any Affiliate acting on its behalf or pursuant to any understanding with it will execute any purchases or sales, including Short Sales of any of the Company’s securities during the period commencing with the execution of this Agreement and ending at such time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release. Each Purchaser covenants that until such time as the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are publicly disclosed by the Company pursuant to the initial press release, the Purchaser will maintain the confidentiality of the existence and terms of this transaction and the information included in the Disclosure Schedules. Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees that (i) no Purchaser makes any representation, warranty or covenant hereby that it will not engage in effecting transactions in any securities of the Company after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release, (ii) no Purchaser shall be restricted or prohibited from effecting any transactions in any securities of the Company in accordance with applicable securities laws from and after the time that the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are first publicly announced pursuant to the initial press release and (iii) no Purchaser shall have any duty of confidentiality or duty not to trade in the securities of the Company to the Company or its Subsidiaries after the issuance of the initial press release. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Purchaser that is a multi-managed investment vehicle whereby separate portfolio managers manage separate portions of the Purchaser’s assets and the portfolio managers have no direct knowledge of the investment decisions made by the portfolio managers managing other portions of the Purchaser’s assets, the covenant set forth above shall only apply with respect to the portion of assets managed by the portfolio manager that made the investment decision to purchase the Securities covered by this Agreement.
5.13 DTC Program. For so long as any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company will employ as the Transfer Agent for the Common Stock and Shares a participant in the Depository Trust Company Automated Securities Transfer Program and cause the Common Stock to be transferable pursuant to such program.
5.14 Maintenance of Property. The Company shall keep all of its property necessary for the operations of its business, which is necessary or useful to the conduct of its business, in good working order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted.
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5.15 Preservation of Corporate Existence. The Company shall preserve and maintain its corporate existence, rights, privileges and franchises in the jurisdiction of its incorporation, and qualify and remain qualified, as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is necessary in view of its business or operations and where the failure to qualify or remain qualified might reasonably have a Material Adverse Effect upon the financial condition, business or operations of the Company taken as a whole.
5.16 No Registration of Securities on Form S-1. Other than the registration rights provided hereunder, for the initial six months the Notes are outstanding, the Company will not file any registration statements on Form S-1. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing shall not prevent the Company from filing a Registration Statement on Form S-8 with respect to equity compensation plans.
5.17 Variable Rate Transactions. While any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company shall be prohibited from entering a Variable Rate Transaction without the prior consent of the holders of more than 50% in principal amount of the then outstanding Notes.
5.18 Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement.
(a) With respect to the Shares, the Company shall:
(1) With the next Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed by the Company, include the Registrable Securities in such Registration Statement and use its best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective and remain effective as provided herein.
(2) Prepare and file with the SEC such amendments, including post-effective amendments, to the Registration Statement as may be necessary to keep the Registration Statement continuously effective as to the applicable Registrable Securities until such time as all of the Registerable Securities have been sold by the Holder or he is eligible to otherwise remove the restrictive legend and effect a sale other than through the Registration Statement.
(3) Use its best efforts to avoid the issuance of, or, if issued, obtain the withdrawal of, (i) any order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or (ii) any suspension of the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registrable Securities for sale in any U.S. jurisdiction, at the earliest practicable moment.
(4) Furnish to the Holder, without charge, at least one conformed copy of each Registration Statement and each amendment thereto, including financial statements and schedules, all documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference, and all exhibits to the extent requested by the Holder (including those previously furnished or incorporated by reference) promptly after the filing of such documents with the SEC.
(b) The Purchaser agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Company, the Purchaser shall not, during the period ending 90 days after the date of the prospectus filed with the SEC in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-1 described in Section 5.18(a): (1) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Registrable Securities or (2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Registrable Securities.
5.19 Conversion to a Corporation. The Company shall convert from a limited liability company to a corporation on or before June 30, 2022.
5.20 Right of Participation. For so long as Notes are outstanding, the Purchasers shall be given the right to purchase 20% of the shares issued in the Company’s IPO on a pro rata basis.
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ARTICLE IV.
MISCELLANEOUS
6.1 Termination. This Agreement may be terminated by the Purchaser by written notice to the other parties, if the Closing has not been consummated on or before June 15, 2022; provided, however, that no such termination will affect the right of any party to sue for any breach by any other party (or parties).
6.2 Fees and Expenses. Except as expressly set forth below and in the Transaction Documents to the contrary, each party shall pay the fees and expenses of its advisers, counsel, accountants and other experts, if any, and all other expenses incurred by such party incident to the negotiation, preparation, execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees (including, without limitation, any fees required for same-day processing of any instruction letter delivered by the Company and any exercise notice delivered by a Purchaser), stamp taxes and other taxes and duties levied in connection with the delivery of any Securities to the Purchaser.
6.3 Entire Agreement. The Transaction Documents, together with the exhibits and schedules thereto, contain the entire understanding of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and thereof and supersede all prior agreements and understandings, oral or written, with respect to such matters, which the parties acknowledge have been merged into such documents, exhibits and schedules.
6.4 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be provided hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given and effective on the earliest of: (a) the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered by email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto at or prior to 5:30 p.m. ( Eastern Standard or Daylight Savings Time, as applicable) on a Trading Day, (b) the next Trading Day after the date of transmission, if such notice or communication is delivered via email attachment at the email address as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto on a day that is not a Trading Day or later than 5:30 p.m. (New York City time) on any Trading Day, (c) the second Trading Day following the date of transmission, if sent by U.S. nationally recognized overnight delivery service or (d) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. The address for such notices and communications shall be as set forth on the signature pages attached hereto. To the extent that any notice provided pursuant to any Transaction Document constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any Subsidiaries, the Company shall, if the Company’s Common Stock is quoted or listed on a Trading Market, simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K, or which failure to do so will subject the Company to the liquidated damages provided for in Article 5.
6.5 Amendments; Waivers. Except as provided in the last sentence of this Section 6.5, no provision of this Agreement may be waived, modified, supplemented or amended except in a written instrument signed, in the case of an amendment, by the Company and a majority in interest of the outstanding balance of the Note or, in the case of a waiver, by the party against whom enforcement of any such waived provision is sought. No waiver of any default with respect to any provision, condition or requirement of this Agreement shall be deemed to be a continuing waiver in the future or a waiver of any subsequent default or a waiver of any other provision, condition or requirement hereof, nor shall any delay or omission of any party to exercise any right hereunder in any manner impair the exercise of any such right. Any amendment effected in accordance with accordance with this Section 6.5 shall be binding upon the Purchaser and holder of Securities and the Company.
6.6 Headings. The headings herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Agreement and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
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6.7 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their successors and permitted assigns. The Company may not assign this Agreement or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of each Purchaser. Each Purchaser may assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement to any Person to whom such Purchaser assigns or transfers any Securities, provided that such transferee agrees in writing to be bound, with respect to the transferred Securities, by the provisions of the Transaction Documents that apply to the Purchaser.
6.8 No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person, except as otherwise set forth in Section 6.7 and this Section 6.8.
6.9 Governing Law; Exclusive Jurisdiction; Attorneys’ Fees. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of the Transaction Documents shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York, without regard to the principles of conflicts of law thereof. Each party agrees that all legal Proceedings concerning the interpretations, enforcement and defense of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and any other Transaction Documents (whether brought against a party hereto or its respective affiliates, directors, officers, stockholders, partners, members, employees or agents) shall be commenced exclusively in the state and federal courts sitting in the New York County, New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in the New York County, New York for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein (including with respect to the enforcement of any of the Transaction Documents), and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any Action or Proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such Action or Proceeding is improper or is an inconvenient venue for such Proceeding. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to process being served in any such Action or Proceeding by mailing a copy thereof via registered or certified mail or overnight delivery (with evidence of delivery) to such party at the address in effect for notices to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce any provisions of the Transaction Documents, then, in addition to the obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Agreement, the prevailing party in such Action or Proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
6.10 Survival. The representations and warranties contained herein shall survive the Closing and the delivery of the Securities.
6.11 Execution. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, all of which when taken together shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to each other party, it being understood that the parties need not sign the same counterpart. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by e-mail delivery of a “.pdf' format data file, such signature shall create a valid and binding obligation of the party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such facsimile or “.pdf' signature page were an original thereof.
6.12 Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions set forth herein shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidated, and the parties hereto shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to find and employ an alternative means to achieve the same or substantially the same result as that contemplated by such term, provision, covenant or restriction. It is hereby stipulated and declared to be the intention of the parties that they would have executed the remaining terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions without including any of such that may be hereafter declared invalid, illegal, void or unenforceable.
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6.13 Rescission and Withdrawal Right. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar provisions of) any of the other Transaction Documents, whenever any Purchaser exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction Document and the Company does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided, then that Purchaser may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company, any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights; provided, however, that in the case of a rescission of an conversion of a Note, the Purchaser shall be required to return any Shares subject to any such rescinded Conversion Notice concurrently with the restoration of such Purchaser’s right to acquire such shares pursuant to the Purchaser’s Note.
6.14 Replacement of Securities. If any certificate or instrument evidencing any Securities is mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation thereof (in the case of mutilation), or in lieu of and substitution therefor, a new certificate or instrument, but only upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of such loss, theft or destruction without requiring the posting of any bond.
6.15 Remedies. In addition to being entitled to exercise all rights provided herein or granted by law, including recovery of damages, each Purchaser and the Company will be entitled to specific performance under the Transaction Documents. The parties agree that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of any breach of obligations contained in the Transaction Documents and hereby agree to waive and not to assert in any Action for specific performance of any such obligation the defense that a remedy at law would be adequate.
6.16 Payment Set Aside. To the extent that the Company makes a payment or payments to any Purchaser pursuant to any Transaction Document or a Purchaser enforces or exercises its rights thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action), then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred.
6.17 Independent Nature of Purchasers’ Obligations and Rights. The obligations of each Purchaser under any Transaction Document are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Purchaser, and no Purchaser shall be responsible in any way for the performance or non-performance of the obligations of any other Purchaser under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction Document, and no action taken by any Purchaser pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Purchasers as a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of entity, or create a presumption that the Purchasers are in any way acting in concert or as a group with respect to such obligations or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Each Purchaser shall be entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement or out of the other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Purchaser to be joined as an additional party in any Proceeding for such purpose. Each Purchaser has been represented by its own separate legal counsel in its review and negotiation of the Transaction Documents. The Company has elected to provide all Purchasers with the same terms and Transaction Documents for the convenience of the Company and not because it was required or requested to do so by any of the Purchasers. It is expressly understood and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company and a Purchaser, solely, and not between the Company and the Purchasers collectively and not between and among the Purchasers.
| 26 | Securities Purchase Agrement |
6.18 Liquidated Damages. The Company’s obligations to pay any partial liquidated damages or other amounts owing under the Transaction Documents is a continuing obligation of the Company and shall not terminate until all unpaid partial liquidated damages and other amounts have been paid notwithstanding the fact that the instrument or security pursuant to which such partial liquidated damages or other amounts are due and payable shall have been canceled.
6.19 Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
6.20 Construction. The parties agree that each of them and/or their respective counsel have reviewed and had an opportunity to revise the Transaction Documents and, therefore, the normal rule of construction to the effect that any ambiguities are to be resolved against the drafting party shall not be employed in the interpretation of the Transaction Documents or any amendments thereto. In addition, each and every reference to share prices and shares of Common Stock in any Transaction Document shall be subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations and other similar transactions of the Common Stock that occur after the date of this Agreement.
6.21 Waiver of jury trial. In any action, suit, or proceeding in any jurisdiction brought by any party against any other party, the parties each knowingly and intentionally, to the greatest extent permitted by applicable law, hereby absolutely, unconditionally, irrevocably and expressly waive forever trial by jury.
6.22 Non-Circumvention. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Company will not, by amendment of its Articles of Incorporation, including any Certificates of Designation, or Bylaws or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution, issue or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Agreement, and will at all times in good faith carry out all of the provision of this Agreement and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of all holders of the Securities. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing or any other provision of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, the Company (a) shall not increase the par value of any Shares and (b) shall take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Shares.
(Signature Pages Follow)
| 27 | Securities Purchase Agrement |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC | Address for Notice: | ||||
| By:_Name: | |||||
| Title: Chief Executive Office | |||||
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK
SIGNATURE PAGE FOR PURCHASER FOLLOWS]
PURCHASER SIGNATURE PAGE TO
SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have caused this Securities Purchase Agreement to be duly executed by their respective authorized signatories as of the date first indicated above.
| Name of Purchaser: Bigger Capital Fund, LP | Walleye Opportunities Master Fund L | |
| Signature of Authorized Signatory of Purchaser: | ||
| Name of Authorized Signatory: Michael Bigger | ||
| Title of Authorized Signatory: Managing Member of the GP | ||
| Email Address of Authorized Signatory: | ||
| Facsimile Number of Authorized Signatory: | ||
| Address for Notice to Purchaser: | ||
Address for Delivery of Securities to Purchaser (if not same as address for notice):
| Face Value $277,777.78 | |||
| Subscription Amount: $250,000.00 | |||
| EIN Number: | |||
Purchaser Signature Page
Exhibit 10.14
EXHIBIT B
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES FOR WHICH THIS SECURITY IS EXERCISABLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON EXERCISE OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT
Warrant Shares: <WARRANT SHARES>
Initial Exercise Date: May [*], 2022
THIS COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, <HOLDER>., or its assigns (the “Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter set forth, at any time on or after the date hereof (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to the close of business on the fifth year anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and purchase from 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”), up to <WARRANT SHARES> shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”). The purchase price of one Warrant Share under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise Price, as defined in Section 2(b). This Warrant issued pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) entered into as of the Initial Exercise Date between the Company and the initial Holder.
Section 1. Definitions. Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated May [*], 2022 among the Company and the Purchasers.
Section 2. Exercise.
(a) Exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on or after the Initial Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company (or such other office or agency of the Company as it may designate by notice in writing to the registered Holder at the address of the Holder appearing on the books of the Company) of a duly executed copy of the Notice of Exercise Form annexed hereto. Within two Trading Days following the date of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the shares specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank, unless the cashless exercise procedure specified in Section 2(c) below is specified in the applicable Notice of Exercise. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary (although the Holder may surrender the Warrant to, and receive a replacement Warrant from, the Company), the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within two Trading Days of the date the final Notice of Exercise is delivered to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise Form within one Trading Day of delivery of such notice. The Holder by acceptance of this Warrant or any transferee, acknowledges and agrees that, by reason of the provisions of this Section 2(a), following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder, the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face hereof.
(b) Exercise Price. The initial exercise price per share of the Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to 110% of the IPO (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) price (the “Exercise Price”).
(c) Cashless Exercise. Other than as provided for in Section 2(f), if at any time after the six month anniversary of the Initial Exercise Date, there is no effective Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder (or the prospectus does not meet the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act), then this Warrant may also be exercised at the Holder’s election, in whole or in part and in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the Company upon such exercise, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number of Warrant Shares equal to the number obtained by dividing [(A - B) times (C)] by (A), where:
| (A) = | the greater of (i) the arithmetic average of the VWAPs for the five consecutive Trading Days ending on the date immediately preceding the date on which the Holder elects to exercise this Warrant by means of a “cashless exercise,” as set forth in the applicable Notice of Exercise or (ii) the VWAP for the Trading Day immediately prior to the date on which the Holder makes such “cashless exercise” election; |
| (B) = | the Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder, at the time of such exercise; and |
| (C) = | the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise; |
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)) (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), (b) if no volume weighted average price of the Common Stock is reported for the Trading Market, the most recent reported bid price per share of the Common Stock, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holders of a majority in interest of the Warrants then outstanding and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
If Warrant Shares are issued in such a cashless exercise, the parties acknowledge and agree that in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, the Warrant Shares shall take on the characteristics of the Warrants being exercised, and the holding period of the Warrants being exercised may be tacked on to the holding period of the Warrant Shares. The Company agrees not to take any position contrary to this Section 2(c).
| 2 | Warrant |
Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if on the Termination Date (unless the Holder notifies the Company otherwise) if there is no effective Registration Statement covering the resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder, then this Warrant shall be automatically exercised via cashless exercise pursuant to this Section 2(c).
(d) Mechanics of Exercise.
(i) Delivery of Certificates Upon Exercise. Certificates for the shares of Common Stock purchased hereunder shall be transmitted to the Holder by the Transfer Agent by crediting the account of the Holder’s prime broker with The Depository Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or resale of the Warrant Shares by the Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise and Rule 144 is available, or otherwise by physical delivery to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise by the date that is two Trading Days after the latest of (A) the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise and (B) payment of the aggregate Exercise Price as set forth above (unless by cashless exercise, if permitted) (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”). The Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have been issued, and Holder or any other person so designated to be named therein shall be deemed to have become a holder of record of such shares for all purposes, as of the date the Warrant has been exercised, with payment to the Company of the Exercise Price (or by cashless exercise, if permitted). The Company understands that a delay in the delivery of the Warrant Shares after the Warrant Share Delivery Date could result in economic loss to the Holder. As compensation to the Holder for such loss, the Company agrees to pay (as liquidated damages and not as a penalty) to the Holder for late issuance of Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant the proportionate amount of $10 per Trading Day (increasing to $20 per Trading Day after the fifth Trading Day) after the Warrant Share Delivery Date for each $1,000 of the value of the Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercised (based on the Exercise Price) which are not timely delivered. In no event shall liquidated damages for any one transaction exceed $1,000 for the first 10 Trading Days. Furthermore, in addition to any other remedies which may be available to the Holder, in the event that the Company fails for any reason to effect delivery of the Warrant Shares by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, the Holder may revoke all or part of the relevant Warrant exercise by delivery of a notice to such effect to the Company, whereupon the Company and the Holder shall each be restored to their respective positions immediately prior to the exercise of the relevant portion of this Warrant, except that the liquidated damages described above shall be payable through the date notice of revocation or rescission is given to the Company or the date the Warrant Shares are delivered to the Holder, whichever date is earlier.
(ii) Delivery of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder and upon surrender of this Warrant, at the time of delivery of the certificate or certificates representing Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall in all other respects be identical to this Warrant. Unless the Warrant has been fully exercised, the Holders shall not be required to surrender this Warrant as a condition of exercise.
(iii) Rescission Rights. If the Company fails to deliver the Warrant Shares or cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder a certificate or the certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to Section 2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right, at any time prior to issuance of such Warrant Shares, to rescind such exercise.
(iv) Compensation for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Certificates Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder, if the Company fails to deliver the Warrant Shares, or cause the Transfer Agent to transmit to the Holder the certificate or certificates representing the Warrant Shares pursuant to an exercise on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”), then the Company shall pay in cash to the Holder the amount as provided under Section 4.1(e) of the Purchase Agreement. Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.
| 3 | Warrant |
(v) No Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the Company shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction multiplied by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.
(vi) Charges, Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of certificates for Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such certificate including any charges of any clearing firm, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the Company, and such certificates shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder. The Company shall pay all Transfer Agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of Exercise. The Company shall (A) pay the reasonable legal fees of the Holder’s choice (in an amount not to exceed $500 per opinion, and not more often than once per week) in connection with the exercise of the Warrants, (B) cause its attorneys to promptly provide any reliance opinion to the Transfer Agent, and (C) pay the Holder the sums required under Section 2(d)(iv).
(vii) Closing of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.
(e) Holder’s Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates), would beneficially own in excess of the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below). For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates. Except as set forth in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with the Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more recent written notice by the Company or the Transfer Agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within one Trading Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding. In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Company, may increase the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Warrant, provided that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply. Any such increase will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to the Company. The Holder may also decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e) solely with respect to the Holder’s Warrant at any time, which decrease shall be effectively immediately upon delivery of notice to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.
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Section 3. Certain Adjustments.
(a) Stock Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon exercise of this Warrant or pursuant to any of the other Transaction Documents), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification of shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. If and whenever on or after the Initial Exercise Date, the Company issues or sells, or in accordance with this Section 3 is deemed to have issued or sold, any shares of Common Stock (including the issuance or sale of shares of Common Stock owned or held by or for the account of the Company, issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold) for a consideration per share (the “Base Share Price”) less than a price equal to the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale (such Exercise Price then in effect is referred to herein as the “Applicable Price”) (the foregoing a “Dilutive Issuance”), then immediately after such Dilutive Issuance, the Exercise Price then in effect shall be reduced to an amount equal to the Base Share Price. For all purposes of the foregoing (including, without limitation, determining the adjusted Exercise Price and the Base Share Price under this Section 3(b)), the following shall be applicable:
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(i) Issuance of Options. If the Company in any manner grants or sells any Options and the lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is at any time issuable upon the exercise of any such Option or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the granting or sale of such Option for such price per share. For purposes of this Section 3(b)(i), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof” shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to any one share of Common Stock upon the granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof and (y) the lowest exercise price set forth in such Option for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Option (or any other Person) upon the granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise of such Option or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Option (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock or of such Convertible Securities upon the exercise of such Options or otherwise pursuant to the terms of or upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities.
(ii) Issuance of Convertible Securities. If the Company in any manner issues or sells any Convertible Securities and the lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is at any time issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities for such price per share. For the purposes of this Section 3(b)(ii), the “lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof” shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to one share of Common Stock upon the issuance or sale of the Convertible Security and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Security or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof and (y) the lowest conversion price set forth in such Convertible Security for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon conversion, exercise or exchange thereof or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person) upon the issuance or sale of such Convertible Security plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities or otherwise pursuant to the terms thereof, and if any such issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities is made upon exercise of any Options for which adjustment of this Warrant has been or is to be made pursuant to other provisions of this Section 3(b), except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made by reason of such issuance or sale.
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(iii) Change in Option Price or Rate of Conversion. “Convertible Securities” means any stock or other security (other than Options) that is at any time and under any circumstances, directly or indirectly, convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or which otherwise entitles the holder thereof to acquire, any shares of Common Stock. If the purchase or exercise price provided for in any Options, the additional consideration, if any, payable upon the issue, conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities, or the rate at which any Convertible Securities are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock increases or decreases at any time (other than proportional changes in conversion or exercise prices, as applicable, in connection with an event referred to in Section 3(a)), the Exercise Price in effect at the time of such increase or decrease shall be adjusted to the Exercise Price which would have been in effect at such time had such Options or Convertible Securities provided for such increased or decreased purchase price, additional consideration or increased or decreased conversion rate, as the case may be, at the time initially granted, issued or sold. For purposes of this Section 3(b)(iii), if the terms of any Option or Convertible Security that was outstanding as of the Closing Date are increased or decreased in the manner described in the immediately preceding sentence, then such Option or Convertible Security and the shares of Common Stock deemed issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange thereof shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of such increase or decrease. No adjustment pursuant to this Section 3(b) shall be made if such adjustment would result in an increase of the Exercise Price then in effect.
(iv) Calculation of Consideration Received. If any Option is issued in connection with the issuance or sale of any other securities of the Company together comprising one integrated transaction in which no specific consideration is allocated to such Option by the parties thereto, the Options will be deemed to have been issued for a consideration of par value of the Company’s Common Stock. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the consideration received therefor will be deemed to be the net amount of consideration received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company for such securities will be the arithmetic average of the VWAPs of such security for each of the five Trading Days immediately preceding the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities. The fair value of any consideration other than cash or publicly traded securities will be determined jointly by the Company and the Holder. If such parties are unable to reach agreement within 10 days after the occurrence of an event requiring valuation (the “Valuation Event”), the fair value of such consideration will be determined within five Trading Days after the 10th day following such Valuation Event by an independent, reputable appraiser jointly selected by the Company and the Holder. The determination of such appraiser shall be final and binding upon all parties absent manifest error. If such appraiser’s valuation differs by less than 5% from the Company’s proposed valuation, the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall be borne by the Holder, and if such appraiser’s valuation differs by more than 5% from the Company’s proposed valuation, the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall be borne by the Company.
(v) Record Date. If the Company takes a record of the holders of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of entitling them (A) to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in shares of Common Stock, Options or in Convertible Securities or (B) to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities, then such record date will be deemed to be the date of the issuance or sale of the shares of Common Stock deemed to have been issued or sold upon the declaration of such dividend or the making of such other distribution or the date of the granting of such right of subscription or purchase (as the case may be).
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(vi) Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 3(b) shall not apply to any Exempt
Issuances.
(c) Full Ratchet Increase in Warrant Shares. Until the Notes are no longer outstanding, whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted under Section 3(b), the number of Warrant Shares shall be increased on a full ratchet basis to the number of shares of Common Stock determined by multiplying the Exercise Price then in effect immediately prior to such adjustment by the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant immediately prior to such adjustment and dividing the product thereof by the Exercise Price resulting from such adjustment. By way of example, if E is the total number of Warrant Shares in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance, F is the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance, and G is the Dilutive Issuance Price, the adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares can be expressed in the following formula: Total number of Warrant Shares after such Dilutive Issuance = the number obtained from dividing [E x F] by G. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Exercise Price is being adjusted as a result of a sale of securities, this Section 3(c) shall NOT apply if the Holder is offered the right to participate (in an amount not to exceed $50,000 unless agreed to by the Holder and the Company) and does not participate.
(d) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Purchase Rights will be made under this Section 3(d) in respect of an Exempt Issuance.
(e) Pro Rata Distributions. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, shall distribute to all holders of Common Stock (and not to the Holder) evidences of its indebtedness or assets (including cash and cash dividends) or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security other than the Common Stock (which shall be subject to Section 3(d)), then in each such case the Exercise Price shall be adjusted by multiplying the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the record date fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the VWAP determined as of the record date mentioned above, and of which the numerator shall be such VWAP on such record date less the then per share fair market value at such record date of the portion of such assets or evidence of indebtedness so distributed applicable to one outstanding share of the Common Stock as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith. In either case the adjustments shall be described in a statement provided to the Holder of the portion of assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed or such subscription rights applicable to one share of Common Stock. Such adjustment shall be made whenever any such distribution is made and shall become effective immediately after the record date mentioned above.
(f) Fundamental Transaction.
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(i) If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions engages in any Fundamental Transaction, as defined in the Note, then, upon any subsequent exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant), at the option of the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall not effect a Fundamental Transaction unless it gives the Holder at least 10 Trading Days prior notice together with sufficient details so the Holder can make an informed decision as to whether it elects to accept the Alternative Consideration. If a public announcement of the Fundamental Transaction has not been made, the notice to the Holder may not be given until the Company files a Form 8-K or other report disclosing the Fundamental Transaction.
(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction, provided that the Warrant Shares are not registered under an effective registration statement, the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, exercisable at any time concurrently with, or within 30 days after, the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the remaining unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction or (ii) the positive difference between the cash per share paid in such Fundamental Transaction minus the then in effect Exercise Price. “Black Scholes Value” means the value of the unexercised portion of this Warrant based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg L.P. determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg L.P. as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date.
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(iii) If Section 3(f)(i) and (ii) are not applicable, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3(f)(iii) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise of this Warrant prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the exercise of this Warrant), and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction), and which is reasonably satisfactory in form and substance to the Holder. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein.
(g) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.
(h) Notice to Holder.
(i) Adjustment to Exercise Price. Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly email to the Holder a notice setting forth the Exercise Price after such adjustment and any resulting adjustment to the number of Warrant Shares and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment. The Holder may supply an email address to the Company and change such address.
(ii) Notice to Allow Exercise by the Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall deliver to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 5 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to email such notice or any defect therein or in the emailing thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Company), the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.
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Section 4. Transfer of Warrant.
(a) Transferability. Subject to compliance with any applicable securities laws and the provisions of the Purchase Agreement, this Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable, in whole or in part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Upon such surrender, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination or denominations specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion of this Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance herewith, may be exercised by a new Holder for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.
(b) New Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant thereto.
(c) Warrant Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.
Section 5. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof other than as explicitly set forth in Section 3.
(b) Loss, Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant Shares, and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it, and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate, if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation, in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate. In no event shall the Holder be required to deliver a bond or other security.
(c) Saturdays, Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding Trading Day.
(d) Authorized Shares.
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Except and to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending its Articles of Incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant and (iii) use best efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.
Before taking any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.
(e) Jurisdiction. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Warrant shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
(f) Restrictions. The Holder acknowledges that the Warrant Shares acquired upon the exercise of this Warrant, if not registered or if not exercised on a cashless basis when Rule 144 (or any successor law or rule) is available, may have restrictions upon resale imposed by state and federal securities laws.
(g) Non-waiver and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of the Holder shall operate as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision of this Warrant or the Purchase Agreement, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.
(h) Notices. Any notice, request or other document required or permitted to be given or delivered to the Holder by the Company shall be delivered in accordance with the notice provisions of the Purchase Agreement.
(i) Limitation of Liability. No provision hereof, in the absence of any affirmative action by the Holder to exercise this Warrant to purchase Warrant Shares, and no enumeration herein of the rights or privileges of the Holder, shall give rise to any liability of the Holder for the purchase price of any Common Stock or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liability is asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.
(j) Remedies. The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate or that there is no irreparable harm and not to require the posting of a bond or other security.
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(k) Successors and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and shall be enforceable by the Holder of Warrant Shares.
(l) Amendment. This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company and Holders of 75% of the outstanding Warrants issued pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.
(m) Severability. Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions of this Warrant.
(n) Headings. The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of this Warrant.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.
| 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | |
| Name: | Geoffrey Dow | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
NOTICE OF EXERCISE
TO: 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC
(1) The undersigned hereby elects to purchase _______________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes, if any.
(2) Payment shall take the form of (check applicable box):
☐ in lawful money of the United States; or
☐ if permitted the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c), to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure set forth in subsection 2(c).
(3) Please issue a certificate or certificates representing said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:
(4) After giving effect to this Notice of Exercise, the undersigned will not have exceeded the Beneficial Ownership Limitation.
The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to the following DWAC Account Number or by physical delivery of a certificate to:
SIGNATURE OF HOLDER
| Name of Investing Entity: | |
| Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing Entity: | |
| Name of Authorized Signatory: | |
| Title of Authorized Signatory: | |
| Date: | |
ASSIGNMENT FORM
| (To assign the foregoing warrant, execute | ||
| this form and supply required information. Do | ||
| not use this form to exercise the warrant.) |
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC
FOR VALUE RECEIVED,_______all of or ________ shares of the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to
| whose address is | |
| Dated:______________, ______ |
| Holder’s Signature: | |||
| Holder’s Address: | |||
| Signature Guaranteed: |
NOTE: The signature to this Assignment Form must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of the Warrant, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever, and must be guaranteed by a bank or trust company. Officers of corporations and those acting in a fiduciary or other representative capacity should file proper evidence of authority to assign the foregoing Warrant.
Exhibit 10.15
EXHIBIT A
NEITHER THIS SECURITY NOR THE SECURITIES INTO WHICH THIS SECURITY IS CONVERTIBLE HAVE BEEN REGISTERED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR THE SECURITIES COMMISSION OF ANY STATE IN RELIANCE UPON AN EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “SECURITIES ACT”), AND, ACCORDINGLY, MAY NOT BE OFFERED OR SOLD EXCEPT PURSUANT TO AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM, OR IN A TRANSACTION NOT SUBJECT TO, THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPLICABLE STATE SECURITIES LAWS AS EVIDENCED BY A LEGAL OPINION OF COUNSEL TO THE TRANSFEROR TO SUCH EFFECT, THE SUBSTANCE OF WHICH SHALL BE REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE COMPANY. THIS SECURITY AND THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION OF THIS SECURITY MAY BE PLEDGED IN CONNECTION WITH A BONA FIDE MARGIN ACCOUNT OR OTHER LOAN SECURED BY SUCH SECURITIES.
Original Issue Date: May [*], 2022
$<Amount> Principal and Face Value
$<Amount> Purchase Price and Subscription Amount
$<Amount> Original Issue Discount
ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT
PROMISSORY NOTE
THIS ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE is duly authorized and validly issued at a 10% original issue discount by 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company (the “Company”) (the “Note”).
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the Company promises to pay to <Holder Name>, or its permitted assigns (the “Holder”), the principal sum of <Amount> on the earlier of May [*], 2023, the date of the Company’s IPO, or such earlier date as this Note is required or permitted to be repaid as provided hereunder, and to pay interest to the Holder on the aggregate then outstanding principal amount of this Note in accordance with the provisions hereof. This Note is subject to the following additional provisions:
Section 1. Definitions. For the purposes hereof, (a) capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Purchase Agreement and (b) the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings:
“Alternate Consideration” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e).
“Bankruptcy Event” means any of the following events: (a) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof commences a case or other proceeding under any bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment of debt, relief of debtors, dissolution, insolvency or liquidation or similar law of any jurisdiction relating to the Company or any Subsidiary thereof, (b) there is commenced against the Company or any Subsidiary thereof any such case or proceeding that is not dismissed within 60 days after commencement, (c) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof is adjudicated insolvent or bankrupt or any order of relief or other order approving any such case or proceeding is entered, (d) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof suffers any appointment of any custodian or the like for it or any substantial part of its property that is not discharged or stayed within 60 calendar days after such appointment, (e) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, (f) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof calls a meeting of its creditors with a view to arranging a composition, adjustment or restructuring of its debts or (g) the Company or any Subsidiary thereof, by any act or failure to act, expressly indicates its consent to, approval of or acquiescence in any of the foregoing or takes any corporate or other action for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing.
“Base Conversion Price” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
“Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(f).
“Black Scholes Value” means the value of the outstanding principal amount of this Note, plus all accrued and unpaid interest hereon based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg L.P. (“Bloomberg”) determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Maturity Date, (B) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Maturity Date.
“Buy-In” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d)(v).
“Change of Control Transaction” means the occurrence after the date hereof of any of (a) an acquisition after the date hereof by an individual or legal entity or “group” (as described in Rule 13d-5(b)(1) promulgated under the Exchange Act) of effective control (whether through legal or beneficial ownership of capital stock of the Company, by contract or otherwise) of in excess of 50% of the voting securities of the Company (other than by means of conversion, exercise or exchange of this Note or the Warrants issued together with this Note), (b) the Company merges into or consolidates with any other Person, or any Person merges into or consolidates with the Company and, after giving effect to such transaction, the shareholders of the Company immediately prior to such transaction own less than 50% of the aggregate voting power of the Company or the successor entity of such transaction, (c) the Company sells or transfers all or substantially all of its assets to another Person, (d) a replacement at one time or within a three year period of more than one-half of the members of the Board of Directors which is not approved by a majority of those individuals who are members of the Board of Directors on the Original Issue Date (or by those individuals who are serving as members of the Board of Directors on any date whose nomination to the Board of Directors was approved by a majority of the members of the Board of Directors who are members on the date hereof), or (d) the execution by the Company of an agreement to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound, providing for any of the events set forth in clauses (a) through (d) above.
“Default Interest Rate” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 2(a). “Dilutive Issuance” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b).
“Dilutive Issuance Notice” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(b)(5).
“DWAC” means the Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system at The Depository Trust Company.
“Event of Default” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(a).
“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
“Fundamental Transaction” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e).
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“IPO” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(b).
“Liens” shall have the meaning set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
“Note Register” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 3(c).
“Notice of Conversion” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(a).
“Mandatory Default Amount” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 7(b).
“Option Value” means the value of a Common Stock Equivalent based on the Black Scholes Option Pricing model obtained from the “OV” function on Bloomberg determined as of (A) the Trading Day prior to the public announcement of the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent, if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, for pricing purposes and reflecting (i) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the remaining term of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent as of the applicable date of determination, (ii) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, (iii) the underlying price per share used in such calculation shall be the highest VWAP of the Common Stock during the period beginning on the Trading Day prior to the execution of definitive documentation relating to the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent and ending on (A) the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of such issuance, if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is publicly announced or (B) the Trading Day immediately following the issuance of the applicable Common Stock Equivalent if the issuance of such Common Stock Equivalent is not publicly announced, (iv) a zero cost of borrow and (v) a 360 day annualization factor.
“Original Issue Date” means the date of the first issuance of this Note, regardless of any transfers of this Note and regardless of the number of instruments which may be issued to evidence this Note.
“Permitted Indebtedness” means (a) the indebtedness evidenced by this Note, (b) senior secured non-convertible loans from traditional commercials banks with interest per annum not to exceed 12%, (c) capital lease obligations and purchase money indebtedness incurred in connection with the acquisition of machinery and equipment as long as such capital leases and indebtedness are approved in advance by the Holder and (d) the Indebtedness set forth on Schedule 3.27 to the Purchase Agreement).
“Permitted Lien” means the individual and collective reference to the following: (a) Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies not yet due or Liens for taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings for which adequate reserves (in the good faith judgment of the management of the Company) have been established in accordance with GAAP, (b) Liens imposed by law which were incurred in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, such as carriers’, warehousemen’s and mechanics’ Liens, statutory landlords’ Liens, and other similar Liens arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, and which (x) do not individually or in the aggregate materially detract from the value of such property or assets or materially impair the use thereof in the operation of the business of the Company and its consolidated Subsidiaries or (y) are being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings, which proceedings have the effect of preventing for the foreseeable future the forfeiture or sale of the property or asset subject to such Lien, (c) Liens incurred in connection with Permitted Indebtedness under clauses (a) through (d) thereunder, and Liens set forth on Schedule 3.1(aa) to the Purchase Agreement.
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“Purchase Agreement” means the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of May [*], 2022, among the Company and the original Holders, as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with its terms.
“Share Delivery Date” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4(d)(ii). “Successor Entity” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 5(e)(2).
“Transaction Documents” means the Note, the Purchase Agreement and the Warrant.
“VWAP” means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies:
(a) if the Common Stock is then listed or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)) (or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), (b) if no volume weighted average price of the Common Stock is reported for the Trading Market, the most recent bid price per share of the Common Stock so reported, or (c) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Holder and reasonably acceptable to the Company, the fees and expenses of which shall be paid by the Company.
Section 2. Payments of Principal and Interest.
All principal, accrued interest and other amounts due shall be paid in U.S. Dollars by wire transfer of immediately available funds. The Company may repay the Holder before the Maturity Date without penalty.
Interest shall accrue to the Holder on the aggregate then outstanding principal amount of this Note at the rate of 10% per annum, calculated on the basis of a 360-day year and shall accrue daily commencing on the Original Issue Date until payment in full of the outstanding principal, together with all accrued and unpaid interest, liquidated damages and other amounts which may become due hereunder, has been made. During the existence of an Event of Default, interest shall accrue at the lesser of (i) the rate of 15% per annum, or
(ii) the maximum amount permitted by law (the lesser of clause (i) or (ii), the “Default Interest Rate”). Once an Event of Default is cured, the interest rate shall return to 10%.
Section 3. Registration of Transfers and Exchanges.
(a) Different Denominations. This Note is exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of Notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same. No service charge or other fees will be payable for such registration of transfer or exchange.
(b) Investor Representations. This Note has been issued subject to certain investment representations of the original Holder set forth in the Purchase Agreement and may be transferred or exchanged only in compliance with the Purchase Agreement and applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations.
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(c) Reliance on Note Register. Prior to due presentment for transfer to the Company of this Note, the Company and any agent of the Company may treat the Person in whose name this Note is duly registered on the Note Register as the owner hereof for the purpose of receiving payment as herein provided and for all other purposes, whether or not this Note is overdue, and neither the Company nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.
Section 4. Conversion.
This Note does not have a conversion feature.
Section 5. Certain Adjustments.
(a) Stock Dividends and Stock Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Note is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise makes a distribution or distributions payable in shares of Common Stock on shares of Common Stock or any Common Stock Equivalents, (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including by way of a reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares or (iv) issues, in the event of a reclassification of shares of the Common Stock, any shares of capital stock of the Company, then the Conversion Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Company) outstanding immediately before such event, and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 5(a) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.
(b) Subsequent Equity Sales. (1) At any time, for so long as the Note or any amounts accrued and payable thereunder remain outstanding, the Company or any Subsidiary, as applicable, sells or grants any option to purchase or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of or issues (or announces any sale, grant or any option to purchase or other disposition), any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents entitling any Person to acquire shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect (such lower price, the “Base Conversion Price” and each such issuance or announcement a “Dilutive Issuance”), then the Conversion Price shall be immediately reduced to equal the Base Conversion Price. Such adjustment shall be made whenever such Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued.
(2) If any Common Stock Equivalent is amended or adjusted, and such price as so amended shall be less than the Conversion Price in effect at the time of such amendment or adjustment, then the Conversion Price shall be adjusted upon each such issuance or amendment as provided in this Section 5(b). In case any Common Stock Equivalent is issued in connection with the issue or sale of other securities of the Company, together comprising one integrated transaction, (x) the Common Stock Equivalents will be deemed to have been issued for the Option Value of such Common Stock Equivalents and (y) the other securities issued or sold in such integrated transaction shall be deemed to have been issued or sold for the difference of (I) the aggregate consideration received by the Company less any consideration paid or payable by the Company pursuant to the terms of such other securities of the Company, less (II) the Option Value. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be deemed to be the net amount received by the Company therefor. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash, the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration received by the Company will be the average VWAP of such public traded securities for the ten days prior to the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents are issued to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity, the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents, as the case may be.
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(3) If the holder of Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents outstanding on the Original Issue Date or issued after the Original Issuance Date shall at any time, whether by operation of purchase price adjustments, reset provisions, floating conversion, exercise or exchange prices or otherwise, or due to warrants, options or rights per share which are issued in connection with such issuance, be entitled to receive shares of Common Stock at an effective price per share that is lower than the Conversion Price then in effect, such issuance shall be deemed to have occurred for less than the Conversion Price on such date and such issuance shall be deemed to be a Dilutive Issuance.
(4) If the Company enters into a Variable Rate Transaction despite the prohibition set forth in the Purchase Agreement, the Company shall be deemed to have issued Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents at the lowest possible conversion price at which such securities may be converted or exercised under the terms of such Variable Rate Transaction.
(5) The Company shall notify the Holder in writing, no later than the Trading Day following the issuance of any Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents subject to this Section 5(b), indicating therein the applicable issuance price, or applicable reset price, exchange price, conversion price and other pricing terms (such notice, the “Dilutive Issuance Notice”).
(6) The provisions of this Section 5(b) shall apply each time a Dilutive Issuance occurs after the Original Issue Date for so long as the Note or any amounts accrued and payable thereunder remain outstanding, but any adjustment of the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section 5(b) shall be downward only.
(7) The provisions of this Section 5(b) shall not apply to Exempt Issuances.
(c) Subsequent Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 5(a) above, if at any time the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock, Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of Bridge Shares, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).
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(d) Pro Rata Distributions. During such time as this Note is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets or rights or warrants to acquire its assets, or subscribe for or purchase any security other than Common Stock, to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “Distribution”), at any time after the issuance of this Note, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of Bridge Shares (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder's right to participate in any such Distribution would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation with respect to the Company or any other publicly-traded corporation subject to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation with respect to the Company or any other publicly-traded corporation subject to Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act).
(e) Fundamental Transaction. (1) If, at any time while this Note is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common Stock, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent conversion of this Note, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Conversion Share that would have been issuable upon such conversion immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the conversion of this Note), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”) receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Note is convertible immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation on the conversion of this Note). For purposes of any such conversion, the determination of the Conversion Price shall be appropriately adjusted to apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Conversion Price among the Alternate Consideration in a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any conversion of this Note following such Fundamental Transaction. The Company shall not effect a Fundamental Transaction unless it gives the Holder at least 10 Trading Days prior notice together with sufficient details so the Holder can make an informed decision as to whether it elects to accept the Alternative Consideration. If a public announcement of the Fundamental Transaction has not been made, the notice to the Holder may not be given until the Company files a Form 8-K or other report disclosing the Fundamental Transaction.
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(2) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, provided that the Warrant Shares are not registered under an effective registration statement, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction that is (x) an all cash transaction, (y) a “Rule 13e-3 transaction” as defined in Rule 13e-3 under the Exchange Act, or (z) a Fundamental Transaction involving a person or entity not traded on a national securities exchange or trading market (with such exchange or market including, without limitation, the Nasdaq Global Select Trading Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, or the Nasdaq Capital Market, the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., the NYSE American or any market operated by the OTC Markets, Inc.), the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s option, concurrently with the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase this Note from the Holder by paying to the Holder the higher of (i) an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the outstanding principal of this Note on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction
(3) If Section 5(e)(1) and (2) are not applicable, the Company shall cause any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”) to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5(e) pursuant to written agreements in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and approved by the Holder (without unreasonable delay) prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Note a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Note. Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Note and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5(e), an Exempt Issuance (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) shall not be deemed a Fundamental Transaction.
(f) Calculations. All calculations under this Section 5 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. For purposes of this Section 5, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding any treasury shares of the Company) issued and outstanding.
(g) Notice to the Holder.
(i) Adjustment to Conversion Price. Whenever the Conversion Price is adjusted pursuant to any provision of this Section 5, the Company shall promptly deliver to each Holder a notice setting forth the Conversion Price after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.
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(ii) Notice to Allow Conversion by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on its Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of its Common Stock, (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of its Common Stock of rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any shareholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of its Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby its Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be filed at each office or agency maintained, and shall cause to be delivered to the Holder at its last address as it shall appear upon the Note Register, at least 5 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of its Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of its Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange, provided that the failure to deliver such notice or any defect therein or in the delivery thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of the Subsidiaries (as determined in good faith by the Company), the Company or its successor shall simultaneously file such notice with the SEC pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. If the Company does not simultaneously file the required Form 8-K, the Holder shall be entitled penalties in accordance with Section 5.6 of the Purchase Agreement.
Section 6. Negative Covenants. As long as any portion of this Note remains outstanding, unless all of the Holders of the then outstanding Notes shall have otherwise given prior written consent, the Company shall not, and shall not permit any of the Subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly:
(a) other than Permitted Indebtedness, enter into, create, incur, assume, guarantee or suffer to exist any indebtedness for borrowed money of any kind, including, but not limited to, a guarantee, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;
(b) other than Permitted Liens, enter into, create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Liens of any kind, on or with respect to any of its property or assets now owned or hereafter acquired or any interest therein or any income or profits therefrom;
(c) amend its charter documents, including, without limitation, its articles of incorporation and bylaws, in any manner that materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder, increases in authorized shares and stock splits shall not be deemed to materially and adversely affects any rights of the Holder;
(d) purchase or otherwise acquire more than a de minimis number of shares of its Common Stock or Common Stock Equivalents;
(e) repay, or offer to repay, any Indebtedness, other than Permitted Indebtedness, as such terms Indebtedness and Permitted Indebtedness are in effect as of the Original Issue Date;
(f) pay cash dividends or distributions on any equity securities of the Company;
(g) enter into any transaction with any Affiliate of the Company which would be required to be disclosed in any public filing with the SEC assuming that the Company is subject to the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, unless such transaction is made on an arm’s-length basis and expressly approved by a majority of the disinterested directors of the Company (even if less than a quorum otherwise required for board approval);
(h) issue any equity securities of the Company other than pursuant to the provisions of the Purchase Agreement or an Exempt Issuance; or
(i) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the foregoing.
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Section 7. Events of Default.
(a) “Event of Default” means, wherever used herein, any of the following events (whatever the reason for such event and whether such event shall be voluntary or involuntary or effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court, or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):
(i) any default in the payment of (A) principal and interest payment under this Note or any other Indebtedness, or (B) late fees, liquidated damages and other amounts owing to the Holder of this Note, as and when the same shall become due and payable (whether on a Conversion Date, or the Maturity Date, or by acceleration or otherwise), which default, solely in the case of a default under clause (B) above, is not cured within five Trading Days;
(ii) the Company shall fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in this Note (other than a breach by the Company of its obligations to deliver Shares, which breach is addressed in clause (x) below) or any Transaction Document which failure is not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of 15 Trading Days after notice of such failure is sent by the Holder or by any other Holder to the Company and (B) 10 Trading Days after the Company has become aware of such failure;
(iii) except for payment defaults covered under Section 7(a)(i), the Company shall breach, or a default or event of default (subject to any grace or cure period provided in the applicable agreement, document or instrument) shall occur under, (A) any of the Transaction Documents or (B) any other material agreement, lease, document or instrument to which the Company or any Subsidiary is obligated (and not covered by any other clause of this Section 7) which default or event of default if not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of (i) 10 Trading Days after notice of such default sent by Holder or by any other holder to the Company and (ii) five Trading Days after the Company has become aware of such default;
(iv) any representation or warranty made in this Note, any other Transaction Document, any written statement pursuant hereto or thereto or any other report, financial statement or certificate made or delivered to the Holder or any other Holder shall be untrue or incorrect in any material respect as of the date when made or deemed made, which failure is not cured, if possible to cure, within the earlier to occur of 10 Trading Days after notice of such failure is sent by the Holder or by any other Holder to the Company;
(v) the Company or any Subsidiary shall be subject to a Bankruptcy Event;
(vi) the Company or any Subsidiary shall: (A) apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of it or any of its properties; (B) admit in writing its inability to pay its debts as they mature; (C) make a general assignment for the benefit of creditors; (D) be adjudicated as bankrupt or insolvent or be the subject of an order for relief under Title 11 of the United States Code or any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute of any other jurisdiction or foreign country; or (E) file a voluntary petition in bankruptcy, or a petition or an answer seeking reorganization or an arrangement with creditors or to take advantage or any bankruptcy, reorganization, insolvency, readjustment of debt, dissolution or liquidation law or statute, or an answer admitting the material allegations of a petition filed against it in any proceeding under any such law, or (F) take or permit to be taken any action in furtherance of or for the purpose of effecting any of the foregoing;
(vii) if any order, judgment or decree shall be entered, without the application, approval or consent of the Company or any Subsidiary, by any court of competent jurisdiction, approving a petition seeking liquidation or reorganization of the Company or any Subsidiary, or appointing a receiver, trustee, custodian or liquidator of the Company or any Subsidiary, or of all or any substantial part of its assets, and such order, judgment or decree shall continue unstayed and in effect for any period of 60 days;
| 10 | Promissory Note |
(viii) the occurrence of any levy upon or seizure or attachment of, or any uninsured loss of or damage to, any property of the Company or any Subsidiary having an aggregate fair value or repair cost (as the case may be) in excess of $100,000 individually or in the aggregate, and any such levy, seizure or attachment shall not be set aside, bonded or discharged within 45 days after the date thereof;
(ix) any monetary judgment, writ or similar final process shall be entered or filed against the Company, any Subsidiary or any of their respective property or other assets for more than $100,000, and such judgment, writ or similar final process shall remain unvacated, unbonded or unstayed for a period of 30 days;
| (x) | any Material Adverse Effect occurs; |
(xi) any provision of any Transaction Document shall at any time for any reason (other than pursuant to the express terms thereof) cease to be valid and binding on or enforceable against the parties thereto, or the validity or enforceability thereof shall be contested by any party thereto, or a proceeding shall be commenced by the Company or any Subsidiary or any governmental authority having jurisdiction over any of them, seeking to establish the invalidity or unenforceability thereof, or the Company or any Subsidiary shall deny in writing that it has any liability or obligation purported to be created under any Transaction Document;
(xii) the Company fails to use the proceeds in the manner as described in Section 5.7 of the Purchase Agreement;
(xiii) the Company shall be a party to any Change of Control Transaction or shall agree to sell or dispose of all or in excess of 50% of its assets in one transaction or a series of related transactions (whether or not such sale would constitute a Change of Control Transaction);
(xiv) from and after 90 days after the Original Issue Date, the Company fails to have authorized and reserved the amount of shares designated in Section 3.5 of the Purchase Agreement (including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation);
(xv) the Company fails to file with the SEC any required reports under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act within the time required (including any applicable extension period) by the rules and regulations thereunder; or
(xvi) the Company fails to convert from a limited liability company to a corporation on or before June 30, 2022.
(b) Remedies Upon Event of Default. If any Event of Default occurs, the outstanding principal amount of this Note, plus liquidated damages and other amounts owing in respect thereof through the date of acceleration, shall become, at the Holder’s election, immediately due and payable in cash (the “Mandatory Default Amount”). Upon the payment in full of the Mandatory Default Amount, the Holder shall promptly surrender this Note to or as directed by the Company. In connection with such acceleration described herein, the Holder need not provide, and the Company hereby waives, any presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, and the Holder may immediately and without expiration of any grace period enforce any and all of its rights and remedies hereunder and all other remedies available to it under applicable law. Such acceleration may be rescinded and annulled by Holder at any time prior to payment hereunder and the Holder shall have all rights as a holder of the Note until such time, if any, as the Holder receives full payment pursuant to this Section 7(b). No such rescission or annulment shall affect any subsequent Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.
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(c) Interest Rate Upon Event of Default. Commencing on the occurrence of any Event of Default and until such Event of Default is cured, this Note shall accrue interest at an interest rate equal to the Default Interest Rate.
Section 8. Miscellaneous.
(a) No Rights as Stockholder Until Conversion. This Note does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights as a stockholder of the Company.
(b) Notices. All notices, offers, acceptance and any other acts under this Agreement (except payment) shall be in writing, and shall be sufficiently given if delivered to the addressees in person, by FedEx or similar receipted next day delivery, or at the Company’s registered address or such other address as any of them, by notice to the other may designate from time to time. Time shall be counted to, or from, as the case may be, the date of delivery.
(c) Absolute Obligation. Except as expressly provided herein, no provision of this Note shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of, liquidated damages and accrued interest and late fees, as applicable, on this Note at the time, place, and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed. This Note is a direct debt obligation of the Company.
(d) Lost or Mutilated Note. If this Note shall be mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, the Company shall execute and deliver, in exchange and substitution for and upon cancellation of a mutilated Note, or in lieu of or in substitution for a lost, stolen or destroyed Note, a new Note for the principal amount of this Note so mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed, but only upon receipt of evidence of such loss, theft or destruction of this Note, and of the ownership hereof, reasonably satisfactory to the Company.
(e) Exclusive Jurisdiction; Governing Law; Prevailing Party Attorneys’ Fees. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement and interpretation of this Note and venue shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with Section 6.9 of the Purchase Agreement. If any party shall commence an Action or Proceeding to enforce or otherwise relating to this Note, then, in addition to the other obligations of the Company elsewhere in this Note, the prevailing party in such action or proceeding shall be reimbursed by the non-prevailing party for its reasonable attorneys’ fees and other costs and expenses incurred with the investigation, preparation and prosecution of such Action or Proceeding.
(f) Waiver. Any waiver by the Company or the Holder of a breach of any provision of this Note shall not operate as or be construed to be a waiver of any other breach of such provision or of any breach of any other provision of this Note. The failure of the Company or the Holder to insist upon strict adherence to any term of this Note on one or more occasions shall not be considered a waiver or deprive that party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of this Note on any other occasion. Any waiver by the Company or the Holder must be in writing.
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(g) Severability. If any provision of this Note is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the balance of this Note shall remain in effect, and if any provision is inapplicable to any Person or circumstance, it shall nevertheless remain applicable to all other Persons and circumstances. If it shall be found that any interest or other amount deemed interest due hereunder violates the applicable law governing usury, the applicable rate of interest due hereunder shall automatically be lowered to equal the maximum rate of interest permitted under applicable law. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it shall not at any time insist upon, plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay, extension or usury law or other law which would prohibit or forgive the Company from paying all or any portion of the principal of or interest on this Note as contemplated herein, wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, or which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Note, and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefits or advantage of any such law, and covenants that it will not, by resort to any such law, hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Holder, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such as though no such law has been enacted.
(h) Remedies, Characterizations, Other Obligations, Breaches and Injunctive Relief. The remedies provided in this Note shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Note and any of the other Transaction Documents at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit the Holder’s right to pursue actual and consequential damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Note. The Company covenants to the Holder that there shall be no characterization concerning this instrument other than as expressly provided herein. Amounts set forth or provided for herein with respect to payments, conversion and the like (and the computation thereof) shall be the amounts to be received by the Holder and shall not, except as expressly provided herein, be subject to any other obligation of the Company (or the performance thereof). The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause irreparable harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach would be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the Holder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any such breach or any such threatened breach, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. The Company shall provide all information and documentation to the Holder that is requested by the Holder to enable the Holder to confirm the Company’s compliance with the terms and conditions of this Note.
(i) Next Trading Day. Whenever any payment or other obligation hereunder shall be due on a day other than a Trading Day, such payment shall be made on the next succeeding Trading Day.
(j) Headings. The headings contained herein are for convenience only, do not constitute a part of this Note and shall not be deemed to limit or affect any of the provisions hereof.
(Signature Pages Follow)
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Note to be duly executed by a duly authorized officer as of the date first above indicated.
| 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC | ||
| By: | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | |
| Name: | Geoffrey Dow | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
Exhibit 10.19
INTER-INSTITUTIONAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN
60 DEGREE, INC.
AND FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY
This Inter-Institutional Agreement (hereinafter “Agreement”) is entered into by 60 Degree, Inc., having a principal business address at 1025 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 1000, Washington D.C., hereinafter referred to as “60 Degree” and Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. (“FSURF”), a direct support organization created by Florida State University (“FSU”) to, among other things, manage the licensing of intellectual property created at FSU. FSURF is located at 2000 Levy Ave. Suite 351, Tallahassee, FL 32310. The signatories to this
Agreement are collectively referred to as “Parties” and individually as a “Party” hereto.
WHEREAS, 60 Degree has developed the Enabling Data described in Appendix A; and
WHEREAS, 60 Degree and FSURF seek to work together to market the Intellectual Property
(“Technology”) and in sharing in any royalties or other consideration resulting from such commercialization; and
WHEREAS, FSURF desires to lead the licensing effort for technology commercialization from the collaboration between FSURF and 60 Degree; and
WHEREAS, FSURF is willing to undertake the commercial licensing of the Intellectual Property that is jointly or solely owned by the Parties, and 60 Degree is willing to refrain from licensing such Intellectual Property, prosecuting patent(s) of this Intellectual Property and/or pursuing infringement actions against such Licensee(s) in return for prescribed shares in any License Income or equity stake received by FSURF as a result of licensing this Intellectual Property.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties agree as follows:
1. DEFINITIONS
1.1 Intellectual Property is defined and outlined in Appendix A, incorporated herein by reference.
1.2 Licensed Intellectual Property is defined as the specific Intellectual Property for which license or option rights are granted in a License Agreement with a third party Licensee. Such Intellectual Property shall be identified in an appendix to each License Agreement.
1.3 License Agreement is any license or option agreement that is entered into by FSURF under the provisions of this Agreement and that grants to a third party the right to make, have made, use, have used, import, sell, and/or have sold products or practice methods claimed by one or more piece(s) of Licensed Intellectual Property.
1.4 Licensee is any licensee or optionee to a License Agreement.
1.5 License Income is defined as any consideration, including but not limited to license issue fees, annual license fees, earned royalties or equity, received as a result of License Agreements using the specific Licensed Intellectual Property or optioning of Licensed Intellectual Property.
1.6 Patent Prosecution Expenses shall mean all out-of-pocket expenses incurred by FSURF for the preparation, filing, prosecution, maintenance, inventorship determination, licensing, and defense or endorsement of patent applications that include Intellectual Property.
2. LICENSING AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY
| 2.1 | 60 Degree hereby grants to FSURF the right to exclusively or nonexclusively license Intellectual Property listed in Appendix A on 60 Degree’s behalf during the term of this agreement. 60 Degree designates FSURF as the sole negotiating and licensing agent for any License Agreements involving the subject Intellectual Property. All licensing decisions shall be at the sole discretion of FSURF. However, FSURF may solicit input from 60 Degree regarding its licensing decisions and, to the extent such input is provided by 60 Degree, FSURF will take such input into consideration. |
| 2.2 | Subject to the rights granted in Paragraph 2.1, FSURF will undertake reasonable efforts to commercialize said Intellectual Property and to grant an exclusive or nonexclusive license to the Intellectual Property to one or more qualified Licensees and manage existing License Agreements, including distribution of License Income. FSURF agrees to provide an annual accounting to 60 Degree for all License Income received as a result of the commercialization of said Intellectual Property, to the extent that each entity is owed a proportionate share of License Income. FSURF agrees to pay 60 Degree its respective share of License Income on an annual basis each year. The determination of each Party’s share of License Income derived from each License Agreement shall be calculated and distributed in accordance with the formula provided in Appendix B of this Agreement, incorporated herein by reference. Each Party shall distribute to its own Inventors according to its policy. |
| 2.3 | For any License Agreement that FSURF negotiates and executes, FSURF will seek the same protections, in the terms and conditions of the License Agreement, for 60 Degree that it does for itself. |
| 2.4 | FSURF will provide 60 Degree with a copy of each fully executed License Agreement. |
| 2.5 | FSURF shall keep books and records sufficient to verify the accounting referred to above, including without limitation, records relating to license revenues. Such books and records shall be preserved for a period of not less than five (5) years after they are created, during and after the term of this Agreement. |
| 2.6 | In consideration of a proportionate percentage share of License Income received by FSURF, 60 Degree agrees not to license the Intellectual Property, as defined herein. |
| 2.7 | This Inter-Institutional Agreement may be assigned by 60 Degree or FSURF in conjunction with an assignment or transfer of their rights in the Licensed Intellectual Property, with written authorization from the other Party. |
| 2.8 | The Parties may add new Intellectual Property or remove existing Intellectual Property from Appendix A through an amendment to this Agreement in accordance with Article 11. In no case will the removal of Intellectual Property from Appendix A nor termination of this Agreement remove Licensed Intellectual Property from an existing License Agreement. |
| 2.9 | FSURF will be responsible for costs associated with patent prosecution of the Intellectual Property and will require a licensee to reimburse FSURF for Patent Prosecution Expenses. |
3. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PARTIES
3.1 Each Party is and shall remain an independent contractor as long as this Agreement is in effect and no Party shall act as an agent, legal representative, partner, or joint venturer of the other Party for any purpose whatsoever. The employees of one Party shall not be deemed employees of any other Party. Except as provided in Paragraph 2.1, neither of the Parties shall have any right, power, or authority to make any contract or other agreement to assume or create any obligation or responsibility, express or implied, on behalf of or in the name of the other Party, or to bind the other Party in any way. Except as provided in Paragraph 2.1, none of the Parties to this Agreement shall represent to any other person that such Party has any such right, power, or authority. This Agreement is not intended to constitute, create, give effect to, or otherwise contemplate a joint venture, partnership, or formal business entity of any kind and the rights and obligations of the Parties shall not be construed as providing for a sharing of profits or losses arising out of the efforts of either of the Parties other than that which is specifically provided herein. The Parties retain the right to practice their invention for internal research and educational purposes.
3.2 The Parties agree to assist each other in achieving the purpose of this Agreement, including the sharing of information relating to entities that may have an interest in commercializing and/or sponsoring further research relating to the Technology. Notwithstanding such mutual assistance, it is further understood and agreed that neither this Agreement nor the Parties’ performance hereunder shall establish any contract, express or implied, between the U.S. Government, 60 Degree, and FSURF, and this Agreement is not intended to restrict or confine any Party in their independent development of the underlying Technology.
4. EFFECTIVE DATE AND TERMINATION OF AGREEMENT
4.1 This Agreement is effective only upon the signature of duly authorized representatives of the Parties (“Effective Date”) and may be modified only in writing with the consent of both Parties.
4.2 This agreement shall not be in effect and will terminate should 60 Degree enter into a license agreement with FSURF for the technology described in Appendix A.
4.3 This Agreement shall automatically expire five (5) years after the Effective Date if no License Agreement has been executed, or sooner at the mutual will of the Parties, as expressed in writing. If a License Agreement has been executed the Agreement shall expire upon the expiration date of the License Agreement. The terms of any Non-Disclosure or Proprietary Information Agreements executed under Article 5 hereof shall survive such termination of interest by a Party hereto.
4.4 Termination or expiration of this Agreement will not relieve either Party of any obligation or liability which arises under this Agreement including management of any existing License Agreements including distribution of License Income before expiration or termination, including without limitation any obligation to distribute License Income. Termination shall not affect any License Agreement granted prior to termination.
4.5 The following terms shall survive expiration or termination of this Agreement, Sections 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10 in their entirety.
5. NON-DISCLOSURE AGREEMENTS
5.1 The Parties anticipate that under this Agreement it may be necessary for the Parties to transfer information of a proprietary nature. The Parties further agree to execute mutually agreeable Non-Disclosure Agreements if necessary, to protect such information.
6. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
6.1 Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed against any Party as (1) a warranty or representation as to the validity or scope of the Intellectual Property; (2) granting by implication, estoppel, or otherwise, any licenses or rights to manufacture, use, or sell intellectual property, as distinct from the rights to enter into License Agreements as set forth in Article 2 of this Agreement; (3) a requirement to file any patent applications, or maintain any patents in force; (4) an obligation to bring or prosecute actions against third parties; (5) an obligation to furnish any manufacturing or technical information or technical assistance; or (6) conferring any immunity from or defenses under antitrust laws, patent misuse laws, or any other state or federal law.
7. EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION
7.1 Any notice or payment given to either Party pursuant to the terms of this Agreement will be deemed to have been properly given and to be effective on the date of:
| a. | delivery if delivered in person; |
| b. | mailing if mailed by first-class certified mail; or |
| c. | mailing if mailed by any express carrier service that requires the recipient to sign the documents demonstrating the delivery of such notice of payment; |
to the respective addresses provided in Paragraph 7.2 below.
7.2 All notices, correspondence, and/or transmittal of information shall be addressed as follows:
| For 60 Degree, Inc.: | For FSURF: | ||
| Mailing and Courier Address: | Mailing and Courier Address: | ||
| Chief Executive Officer | President, FSURF | ||
| Attn: Geoff Dow | Attn: Laurel Fulkerson | ||
| 1025 Connecticut Ave. NW, Suite 1000 | 2000 Levy Ave., Suite 351 | ||
| Washington D.C. 20036 | Tallahassee, FL 32310 | ||
| Telephone: (240) 351-1167 | Telephone: (850) 644-8650 | ||
| Facsimile: | Facsimile: (850) 644-3658 |
8. GOVERNING LAW/ENFORCEMENT
THIS AGREEMENT WILL BE INTERPRETED AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA.
9. PUBLICITY
9.1. Neither Party shall use, or grant the right to use, the name or insignia of the other Party or the name of any staff member, officer, employee or student of the other Party or any adaptation thereof in any advertising, promotional or sales literature, publicity or in any document employed to obtain funds (except as may be required under SEC stock registration requirements) without the prior written approval of the Party or individual whose name is to be used.
10. U.S. GOVERNMENT INTERESTS
Nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to limit in any way the rights of the U.S. Government or other state or local government organizations under applicable federal, state or local regulations, rules or laws. Each party shall be separately responsible for complying with all reporting and other requirements of any governmental entity with an interest in the joint inventions or joint patent rights.
11. INTEGRATION
The foregoing contains the entire Agreement between the Parties, and supersedes any prior oral or written agreements, commitments, understandings, or communications with respect to the subject matter of the Agreement. No amendment or modification of this Agreement shall be effective unless set forth in writing by duly authorized representatives of each Party.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties to this Agreement have executed this Agreement in duplicate originals, by their respective officers on the day and year hereinafter written.
| Signature: | /s/ Geoff Dow | |
| Name: | Geoff Dow | |
| Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |
| Date: | 2/11/2021 6:31 AM PST | |
| Florida State University Research Foundation, Inc. | ||
| Signature: | /s/ Laurel Fulkerson | |
| Name: | Laurel Fulkerson | |
| Title: | President | |
| Date: | 2/15/2021 2:02 PM EST | |
APPENDIX A
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
FSU Contribution
Technology 20-037: Treatment of COVID19 Infections with Castanospermine
Provisional patent application 62/979,855 and US and foreign patent applications and issued patents based on this Provisional patent application.
Sixty Degree Pharmaceuticals Contribution
In vitro susceptibility data for castanospermine and celgosivir against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2.
APPENDIX B
ROYALTY-SHARING/ DISTRIBUTION FORMULA
Distribution of License Income
After deduction of a five percent (5%) administrative fee by FSURF, capped at fifteen thousand dollars ($15,000) annually, and reimbursement of Patent Prosecution Expenses, 60 Degree shall receive Twenty percent (20%) of License Income and FSURF? shall receive eighty percent (80%) of License Income. Payments of License Income shall be paid in U.S. dollars quarterly each year.
Exhibit 10.22
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
This Employment Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2023 (this “Agreement”), is made and entered into by and between 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals Inc., a De corporation (the “Company”), and Geoffrey Dow (the “Executive” and together with the Company, the “Parties” and individually a “Party”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings set forth in Section 11.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth, Company wishes to employ Executive as its Chief Executive Officer and Executive wishes to be employed by Company as its Chief Executive Officer.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and the mutual promises, terms, provisions, and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the adequacy and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
AGREEMENT
| 1. | Employment. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, Company hereby offers, and Executive hereby accepts employment with Company, as of the date first above written (the “Effective Date”). |
| 2. | Term. The Executive’s employment hereunder shall be effective as of the Effective Date and shall continue until the second (2nd) anniversary thereof (the “Initial Term”), unless terminated earlier pursuant to the terms of this Agreement; provided that, on such second (2nd) anniversary of the Effective Date and each annual anniversary thereafter (such date and each annual anniversary thereof, a “Renewal Date”), the Agreement shall be deemed to be automatically extended, upon the same terms and conditions, for successive periods of one (1) year (each “Renewal Term”), unless either Party provides written notice of its intention not to extend the term of the Agreement at least 90 days prior to the applicable Renewal Date. The Initial Term and each Renewal Term is hereinafter referred to as the “Term.” |
| 3. | Capacity and Performance. |
| (a) | During the Term, the Executive shall be employed by Company on a full-time basis as its Chief Executive Officer and Board Chairman. Executive shall perform such duties and responsibilities as directed by the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”), consistent with Executive’s position on behalf of Company. |
| (b) | Executive shall devote his full business time, attention, skill, and best efforts to the performance of his duties under this Agreement and shall not engage in any other business or occupation during the Term of Employment, including, without limitation, any activity that: (x) conflicts with the interests of the Company or any other member of the Company Group, (y) interferes with the proper and efficient performance of Executive’s duties for the Company, or (z) interferes with Executive’s exercise of judgment in the Company’s best interests. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall preclude Executive from: (i) serving, with the prior written consent of the Board, as a member of the Board of Directors or Advisory Board (or the equivalent in the case of a non-corporate entity) of a noncompeting for-profit business and one or more charitable organizations, (ii) engaging in charitable activities and community affairs, and (iii) managing Executive’s personal investments and affairs; provided, however, that the activities set out in clauses (i), (ii), and (iii) shall be limited by Executive so as not to materially interfere, individually or in the aggregate, with the performance of his duties and responsibilities hereunder. |
| (c) | Executive’s employment with Company shall be exclusive with respect to the business of Company. Accordingly, during the Term, Executive shall devote Executive’s full business time and Executive’s best efforts, business judgment, skill and knowledge to the advancement of the business and interests of Company and the discharge of Executive’s duties and responsibilities hereunder, except for permitted vacation (and other paid time off) periods, reasonable periods of illness or incapacity, and reasonable and customary time spent on civic, charitable and religious activities, in each case such activities shall not interfere in any material respect with Executive’s duties and responsibilities hereunder. |
| (d) | During the Term, the Executive will report directly to the Board. |
| (e) | On the Effective Date, the Board shall appoint Executive as the Chief Executive Officer & Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company and shall, during the Term, nominate and recommend Executive for election as a director. Executive acknowledges and agrees that Executive is not entitled to any additional compensation in respect of Executive’s appointment as a director of Company. If during the Term, Executive ceases to be a director of Company for any reason, Executive’s employment with the Company will continue (unless terminated under Section 5), and all terms of this Agreement (other than those relating to Executive’s position as a director of Company) will continue in full force, and effect and Executive will have no claims in respect of such cessation of office. Executive agrees to abide by all statutory, fiduciary or common law duties arising under applicable law that apply to Executive as a director of Company. |
| (f) | Executive shall be employed to perform his duties under this Agreement at the primary office location of Company, or at such other location or locations as may be mutually agreeable to Executive and Company (including reasonable provisions during the COVID-19 national public health emergency). Notwithstanding this, it is expected that the Executive shall be required to travel a reasonable amount of time in the performance of his duties under this Agreement. |
| 4. | Compensation and Benefits. |
| (a) | Base Salary. For services performed by Executive under this Agreement, Company shall pay Executive an annual base salary during the Term at the rate of $228,000 per year, minus applicable withholdings and deductions, payable at the same times as salaries are payable to other executives of Company (the “Base Salary”). During the Term, the Base Salary shall be reviewed by the Compensation Committee and/or the Board each year, and the Board may, from time to time, increase such Base Salary and any reference to “Base Salary” herein shall refer to such Base Salary, as increased. |
| (b) | Annual Bonus. For each fiscal year of the Company during the Term, the Company shall afford Executive the opportunity to earn an incentive bonus (“Bonus”) as described in this Section 4(b). The aggregate target Bonus payable to Executive under such program(s) shall equal 25% percent (25%) of the Base Salary for such fiscal year and shall be payable to the extent the applicable performance goals are achieved (which goals and payment matrices shall be set by the Compensation Committee of the Board in its discretion). amount of the Bonus will be determined by certification by the Board that the applicable goals have been achieved, and the Board shall promptly provide such certification following achievement of the applicable goals. The amount payable under this Section 4(b) shall be paid by the seventh (7th) day following the approval of the annual audited financial statements by the Board or its audit committee, as applicable, for the calendar year in which the Bonus is earned or if later, the fifteenth (15th) day of the third month following the end of the Company’s fiscal year in which the Bonus is earned.. |
| (c) | Equity Awards. During the Term, the Executive shall be entitled to receive equity awards either now or in the future, on terms and conditions similar to those applicable to other executive officers of the Company generally, inside or outside of any established equity plan. The amount and terms of the long-term incentive awards awarded to the Executive shall be set by the Compensation Committee in its discretion, except |
Annual Stock Option. Upon the Company becoming publicly traded on a national exchange, Executive shall be granted a five-year option (the “Option”) to purchase a total of 15,000 shares of the Company’s common stock on the last day of each quarter, or March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, in each calendar year (for a cumulative total or no more than 300,000 shares over five years). The per share exercise price of the Option shall be equal to the per share closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, and shall have a cashless exercise provision. The Option shall vest and become exercisable subject to the terms set forth in the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan approved by the Board and effectuated prior to the Company going public by way of Initial Public Offering of its common stock on a national exchange. The Option shall otherwise be subject to the terms of the plan pursuant to which it is granted and/or an option agreement to be entered into between Executive and the Company.
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| (d) | Other Executive Benefits. During the Term, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all Executive benefit plans, including health and 401(k) plans, from time to time generally in effect for Company’s Executives (collectively, “Benefit Plans”). If the Company does not implement a health plan, it will compensate Executive $1,100.00 per month. Such participation and receipt of benefits under any such Benefit Plans shall be on the same terms (including cost-sharing between Company and Executive) as are applicable to other Company Executives and shall be subject to the terms of the applicable plan documents and generally applicable Company policies. The Company may alter, modify, add to or delete the Benefit Plans in a manner nondiscriminatory to Executive at any time in accordance with applicable plan rules. |
| (e) | Vacation. The Executive shall be entitled to an annual vacation of 28 days plus ten established holiday days per full calendar year of his employment with the Company hereunder. Any unused vacation in one accrued calendar year may not be carried over to any subsequent calendar year. However, the Company shall pay the Executive (based on the Executive’s Base Salary) for any such unused vacation days within 30 days of the end of any such calendar year. |
| (f) | Business and Travel Expenses. Company shall pay or reimburse Executive for all reasonable, customary and necessary business expenses (including cell phone, travel, lodging, and entertainment expenses) which are correctly documented and incurred or paid by Executive in the performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities hereunder, subject to the rules, regulations, and procedures of Company and in effect from time to time. |
| (g) | Change in Control Transaction Bonus. During Executive’s employment, if (i) a Change in Control has occurred, and (ii) as of such Change in Control, the price per share of Company’s common stock is two (2) times or more than the closing price per share of the common stock of the Company upon listing on an exchange, Executive shall be paid a bonus (the “Change in Control Transaction Bonus”), in cash, equal to two (2) times the Base Salary as in effect immediately before such Change in Control. If applicable, the Change in Control Transaction Bonus shall be paid in a lump sum within fifteen (15) days after the consummation of such Change in Control and the following certification by the Board of the occurrence of clauses (i) and (ii) above. |
| 5. | Termination of Employment; Severance Benefits. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 2, the Executive’s employment hereunder shall terminate under the following circumstances: |
| (a) | Death. If Executive’s dies during the Term, Executive’s employment hereunder shall immediately and automatically terminate. In such event, Company shall pay to Executive’s designated beneficiary or, if no beneficiary has been selected by Executive, to Executive’s estate, the Final Compensation. Company shall have no further obligation hereunder to Executive, Executive’s beneficiary, or Executive’s estate upon the termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(a) including, specifically, that the provisions of Section 5(d) shall not apply. |
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| (b) | Disability. |
| (i) | Company may terminate Executive’s employment hereunder due to Executive’s Disability during the Term by giving Executive thirty (30) days’ written notice of its intent to terminate, but in no event shall such termination be effective prior to the expiration of the time periods in the definition of “Disability.” Notwithstanding the foregoing, Company will, after engaging in an interactive process with Executive to discern whether reasonable accommodation(s) can be provided without undue hardship upon Company, offer Executive reasonable accommodation(s) to enable Executive to perform the essential functions of Executive’s position to the extent required by applicable law (if any) before terminating Executive’s employment hereunder. Executive may decline such reasonable accommodation, in which case Executive’s employment hereunder will terminate as provided in this subsection. |
| (ii) | In the event of such termination for Disability, Executive will receive Executive’s Final Compensation. Company shall have no further obligation hereunder to Executive upon termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(d), including, specifically, that the provisions of Section 5(d) shall not apply. |
| (iii) | Subject to Executive’s rights under the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), Company may designate another Executive to act in Executive’s place during any period of Executive’s Disability during which Executive is unable to perform the essential functions of Executive’s position with or without a reasonable accommodation. Notwithstanding any such designation, Executive shall continue to receive the Base Salary in accordance with Section 4(a) and coverage under the Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(b), to the extent permitted by the then- current terms of the applicable benefit plans and as provided under the FMLA, if applicable, until the earliest to occur of: (A) the end of the Term, (B) Executive becomes eligible for disability income benefits under Company’s disability income plan, or (C) the termination of Executive’s employment. |
| (iv) | While receiving disability income payments under Company’s disability income plan (if applicable), Company will continue to pay to Executive Executive’s Base Salary under Section 4(a), but may offset any such disability income payments Executive receives against the Base Salary payments. Executive will also continue to participate in the Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(b) and the terms of such Benefit Plans, until the end of the Term or until the termination of Executive’s employment, whichever occurs first. |
| (v) | If any question arises as to whether during any period Executive has a Disability as defined herein, Executive may, and at the request of Company shall, submit to a medical examination by a qualified, unbiased physician selected by Company and reasonably acceptable to Executive or Executive’s duly appointed guardian, if any, to determine whether Executive has a Disability and such determination shall for the purposes of this Agreement be conclusive of the issue. |
| (c) | By Company for Cause. Company may terminate Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, as defined in Section 11(c), at any time upon notice to Executive setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of such Cause. Upon the giving of notice of termination of Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, Executive will receive Executive’s Final Compensation. Except as provided herein, Company will have no further obligation to Executive upon termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(c). Any notice of termination of Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, or any notice to Executive regarding any event, condition or circumstance that, if not cured, if applicable, in accordance with the above, could give rise to a termination of Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, shall set forth in detail the applicable event(s), condition(s) or circumstance(s) constituting reason(s) or potential reason(s) for such termination hereunder. |
| (d) | By Company Other than for Cause or by Executive for Good Reason. Company may terminate Executive’s employment hereunder other than for Cause at any time upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to Executive and Executive may terminate Executive’s employment hereunder for Good Reason at any time upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to Company. |
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| (i) | In the event of a termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(d), in addition to the Final Compensation, Executive shall receive: |
| (1) | continuation of Executive’s Base Salary, at the rate in effect as of the date immediately preceding the date of termination, until the earlier of: (x) the Term End Date and (y) the first anniversary of the date of termination (provided, however, if the date of termination is after the first anniversary of the Effective Date, the period pursuant to this subsection shall be eighteen (18) months after the date of termination), payable in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll practices, less applicable withholdings, commencing at the conclusion of the period set forth in Section 5(d)(iii), provided that the first installment of such payments shall include all amounts which would have been paid during the period between Executive’s date of termination and the date of such first installment; and |
| (2) | if the date of termination occurs after the end of a calendar year but prior to the date on which a Bonus is paid under Section 4(d), payment of such Bonus as determined under Section 4(d) shall be at the time proscribed by Section 4(b); and |
| (3) | payment of a pro-rata portion of the amount of Executive’s Bonus for the year in which termination occurs that would have been payable based on actual performance determined under the terms of the Bonus as then in effect for such year, with such pro-rata portion calculated by multiplying the amount of such bonus for the year in which such termination occurs (as determined by the Board based on actual performance for such year) by a number: (x) the numerator of which is the number of days worked by Executive during the year of such termination, and (y) the denominator of which is three hundred sixty-five (365), with such payment to be made after the determination of the Bonus pursuant to Section 4(b). |
| (ii) | If the Executive timely and properly elects health continuation coverage under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (“COBRA”), the Company shall reimburse the Executive for the monthly COBRA premium paid by the Executive for himself and his dependents. Such reimbursement shall be paid to the Executive on the 1st day of the month immediately following the month in which the Executive timely remits the premium payment. The Executive shall be eligible to receive such reimbursement until the earliest of: |
| (1) | the first anniversary of the date of termination (provided, however, if the date of termination is after the first anniversary of the Effective Date, the period pursuant to this subsection (1) shall be eighteen (18) months after the date of termination); |
| (2) | the date the Executive is no longer eligible to receive COBRA continuation coverage; and |
| (3) | the date on which the Executive receives substantially similar coverage from another employer or other source. |
| (iii) | Any obligation of Company to Executive under this Section 5(d) (other than for the Final Compensation or for benefits required by law) is conditioned upon Executive’s execution and delivery to Company and the expiration of all applicable statutory revocation periods of a release of claims in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Executive Release”), provided, that the terms of such Executive Release shall be subject to modification to the extent necessary to comply with: (a) the fact that Company is simultaneously terminating more than one executive as part of a group termination decision or (b) changes in applicable law, if any, occurring after the date hereof, and prior to the date such Executive Release is executed. |
| (e) | By Executive Other than for Good Reason. Executive may terminate Executive’s employment hereunder other than for Good Reason upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to Company; provided, that Company may, in its sole and absolute discretion, by written notice accelerate such date of termination. In the event of a termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(e), Executive will receive the Final Compensation. Company shall have no further obligation hereunder to Executive upon termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(e). |
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| (f) | Change in Control Severance. Except as otherwise set forth herein, if a Change in Control occurs, and on, or at any time during the 24 months following, the Change in Control, (i) the Company terminates Executive’s employment for any reason other than Cause or Disability, or (ii) Executive terminates Executive’s employment for Good Reason, Executive shall be entitled to the following benefits: |
| (i) | The Company shall pay Executive, in a lump sum within 60 days following termination of Executive’s employment, severance equal to two times the sum of Executive’s Base Salary and Bonus (the full, non- prorated Bonus for the year of termination assuming attainment of the targeted performance goals at the 100% payout level). |
| (ii) | Executive also shall be entitled to receive any and all vested benefits accrued under any other incentive plans to the date of termination of employment, the amount, entitlement to, form, and time of payment of such benefits to be determined by the terms of such incentive plans. For purposes of calculating Executive’s benefits under the incentive plans, Executive’s employment shall be deemed to have terminated under circumstances that have the most favorable result for Executive under the applicable incentive plan. |
| (iii) | If, upon the date of termination of Executive’s employment, Executive holds any awards with respect to securities of the Company, (i) all such awards that are options shall immediately become vested and exercisable upon such date and shall be exercisable thereafter until the earlier of the third (3rd) year anniversary of Executive’s termination of employment or the expiration of the term of the options; (ii) all restrictions on any such awards of restricted stock, restricted stock units or other awards shall terminate or lapse, and all such awards of restricted stock, restricted stock units or other awards shall be vested and payable; and (iii) all performance goals applicable to any such performance-based awards that are “in cycle” (i.e., the performance period is not yet complete) shall be deemed satisfied at the “target” level (assuming 100% payout), and (iv) all such awards shall be paid in accordance with the terms of the applicable award agreement. The provisions of this subsection shall be subject (and defer) to the provisions of any incentive plan, award agreement or other agreement as it relates to an individual award to the extent such provisions provide treatment that is more favorable to Executive than the treatment described in this subsection and such more favorable provisions in such incentive plan, award agreement or other agreement shall supersede any inconsistent or contrary provision of this subsection. All of Executive’s awards with respect to securities of the Company that are outstanding upon the date of termination of Executive’s employment shall continue to be subject to, and enjoy the benefits and protections under, the terms of the incentive plan, the award agreement and any other plan, agreement, policy or other arrangement to which such awards are subject as of the effective date of Executive’s participation, including any employment security agreement or other written compensation arrangement (even if the remaining terms thereof are waived), without application of this subsection. |
| (iv) | Executive and Executive’s spouse and other qualified beneficiaries shall be eligible for continued coverage as follows: |
| (A) | If the Executive, Executive’s spouse and/or Executive’s other qualified beneficiaries are enrolled under a group health plan as defined by COBRA, on the date of termination of Executive’s employment, Executive, Executive’s spouse and/or Executive’s qualified beneficiaries may elect to continue such coverage under COBRA, except that the maximum coverage period shall be extended to no less than the Severance Period (but no more than 2 years) for that Executive, unless, after electing COBRA, the individual attains age 65 and becomes eligible for Medicare, in which case COBRA shall end for that individual. If Executive, Executive’s spouse and/or Executive’s other qualified beneficiaries elect COBRA coverage, the Company shall pay a portion of the COBRA costs for the Severance Period for that Executive (subject to any earlier termination of COBRA). The portion to be paid by the Company shall equal the amount necessary so that the total of the COBRA costs paid by Executive is equal to the costs that would have been paid by Executive for such coverage as an active employee immediately prior to termination of Executive’s employment or, if less, prior to the Change in Control. The cost of COBRA coverage paid by the Company may be taxable income to the Executive and reported on Executive’s Internal Revenue Service Form W-2. Executive, Executive’s spouse and/or Executive’s qualified beneficiaries may continue coverage under COBRA after the Severance Period for that Executive, provided they pay the full COBRA costs and COBRA otherwise remains available. |
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| (B) | The benefits and/or extended coverage provided under this subsection shall cease prior to the date such benefits and/or extended coverage would otherwise end under subsection if and when Executive (A) obtains employment with another employer during the Severance Period and becomes eligible for coverage under any substantially similar plan provided by his/her new employer or (B) fails to pay the required active employee portion of the cost of coverage provided under this subsection in the time and manner specified by the Company or its designee. |
| (v) | Executive shall be entitled to payment for any accrued but unused vacation in accordance with the Company’s policy in effect at the time of termination of Executive’s employment, in a lump sum within 60 days following such termination. Executive shall not be entitled to receive any payments or other compensation attributable to vacation that would have been earned had Executive’s employment continued during the Severance Period, and Executive waives any right to receive any such compensation. |
| (vi) | The Company shall, at the Company’s expense, provide Executive with 12 months of executive outplacement services with a professional outplacement firm selected by the Company; provided that Executive must use the outplacement services by no later than the end of the second calendar year following the calendar year in which the termination of Executive’s employment occurred and the total cost of such outplacement services must not exceed any per individual cap on such amounts in the Company’s agreement with the professional outplacement firm selected by the Company. |
| (vii) | Executive shall not be entitled to reimbursement for any other fringe benefits or perquisite payments during the Severance Period, including but not limited to dues and expenses related to club memberships, automobile, cell phone, expenses for professional services, executive physicals, and other similar perquisites. |
| (viii) | The Company shall pay as incurred (within ten calendar days following the Company’s receipt of an invoice from Executive) Executive’s out-of-pocket expenses, including attorneys’ fees, incurred by Executive at any time from the date of this Agreement through Executive’s remaining lifetime or, if longer, the statute of limitations for contract claims under applicable state law, in connection with any action taken to enforce the Executive’s rights under this Agreement or construe or determine the validity of this Agreement or otherwise in connection herewith, including any claim or legal action or proceeding, whether brought by Executive or the Company or another party; provided, Executive must be successful through judgment in his/her favor with respect to such action in order to recover fees under this Section 5(f)(viii); provided further, that Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least fifteen calendar days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred. The amount of such legal fees and expenses that the Company is obligated to pay in any given calendar year shall not affect the legal fees and expenses that the Company is obligated to pay in any other calendar year, and Executive’s right to have the Company pay such legal fees and expenses may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit. The Company’s obligation to pay Executive’s eligible legal fees and expenses under this Section 5(f)(viii) shall not be conditioned upon the termination of Executive’s employment. |
| 6. | Effect of Termination. |
| (a) | Upon termination of Executive’s employment hereunder and subject to the provisions of Section 5 and Section 6(c), Company’s entire obligation to Executive shall be payment of Final Compensation. |
| (b) | In connection with the cessation of Executive’s service as Chief Executive Officer of Company for any reason, except as may otherwise be requested by the Company in writing and agreed upon in writing by Executive, Executive shall be deemed to have resigned from any and all directorships, committee memberships, and any other positions Executive holds with the Company or any other member of the Company Group. Executive hereby agrees that no further action is required by Executive or any of the preceding to make the transitions and resignations provided for in this paragraph effective, but Executive nonetheless agrees to execute any documentation Company reasonably requests at the time to confirm it and to not reassume any such service or position without the written consent of Company. |
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| (c) | Except as otherwise required by Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act or any similar federal or state law, benefits shall continue or terminate pursuant to the terms of the applicable benefit plan or agreement, without regard to any continuation of Base Salary or other payment to Executive following such date of termination. |
| (d) | The provisions of this Section 6 shall apply to any termination of employment. Provisions of this Agreement will survive any termination if so provided herein or if necessary or desirable to accomplish the purposes of other surviving provisions, including, without limitation, the obligations of Executive under Section 7 through Section 9. |
| (e) | Any termination of Executive’s employment with Company under this Agreement shall automatically be deemed to be simultaneous resignation of all other positions and titles (including any director positions) that Executive holds with Company and any Affiliate or subsidiary thereof. This Section 6(e) shall constitute a resignation notice for such purposes. |
| (f) | Upon termination of the Executive’s employment or upon the Company’s request at any other time, the Executive will deliver to the Company all of the Company’s property, equipment, and documents, together with all copies thereof, and any other material containing or disclosing any Intellectual Property or Confidential Information and certify in writing that the Executive has fully complied with the foregoing obligation. The Executive agrees that the Executive will not copy, delete, or alter any Company computer equipment information before the Executive returns it to the Company. In addition, if the Executive has used any personal computer, server, or email system to receive, store, review, prepare or transmit any Company information, including but not limited to, Confidential Information, the Executive agrees to provide the Company with a computer-usable copy of all such Confidential Information and then permanently delete and expunge such Confidential Information from those systems; and the Executive agrees to provide the Company access to the Executive’s system as reasonably requested to verify that the necessary copying and/or deletion is completed. |
| 7. | Confidential Information. |
| (a) | Executive acknowledges that Company continually develops Confidential Information, that Executive may develop Confidential Information for Company and that Executive may learn of Confidential Information during the course of employment with Company. Executive will comply with the policies and procedures of Company for protecting Confidential Information and shall not disclose to any Person or use, other than as required by applicable law, regulation or process or for the proper performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities to Company, any Confidential Information obtained by Executive incident to Executive’s employment or other association with Company. Executive understands that this restriction shall continue to apply after Executive’s employment terminates, regardless of the reason for such termination. |
| (b) | Notwithstanding anything contained in this Section 7 to the contrary, nothing contained herein shall prevent Executive from disclosing any Confidential Information required by law, subpoena, court order or other legal processes to be disclosed; provided, that, Executive shall give prompt written notice to Company of such requirement, disclose no more information than is so required and cooperate, at Company’s cost and expense, with any attempt by Company to obtain a protective order or similar treatment with respect to such information. |
| (c) | Pursuant to the Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016, Executive understands that: |
| (i) | Executive may not be held criminally or civilly liable under any federal or state trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret that is made in confidence to a federal, state, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to an attorney and solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or is made in a complaint or other document that is filed under seal in a lawsuit or other proceeding; and |
| (ii) | if Executive files a lawsuit for retaliation by the Company for reporting a suspected violation of law, Executive may disclose the employer’s trade secrets to Executive’s attorney and use the trade secret information in the court proceeding if Executive files any document containing the trade secret under seal and does not disclose the trade secret, except pursuant to court order. |
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| 8. | Assignment of Rights to Intellectual Property. Executive shall promptly and fully disclose to Company all Intellectual Property developed for the benefit of Company in the course of Executive’s employment by Company. Executive hereby assigns and agrees to assign to Company (or as otherwise directed by Company) Executive’s full right, title, and interest in and to all such Intellectual Property. Executive agrees to execute any and all applications for domestic and foreign patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights and to do such other acts (including without limitation the execution and delivery of instruments of further assurance or confirmation) requested by Company (at Company’s expense) to assign to Company the Intellectual Property developed for the benefit of Company in the course of Executive’s employment by Company and to permit Company to enforce any patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights to the Intellectual Property. Executive will not charge Company for time spent in complying with these obligations. All copyrightable works that Executive creates developed for the benefit of Company in the course of Executive’s employment by Company shall be considered “work made for hire.” |
| 9. | Restricted Activities. Executive agrees that the restrictions on Executive’s activities during and after Executive’s employment set forth below are necessary to protect the goodwill, Confidential Information and other legitimate interests of Company and its successors and assigns: |
| (a) | During the Term of this Agreement and during the Restricted Period following termination of employment, Executive will not, without the prior written consent of Company, directly or indirectly, and whether as principal or investor or as an Executive, officer, director, manager, partner, consultant, agent, or otherwise, alone or in association with any other Person, firm, corporation, or other business organization, engage or otherwise become involved in a Competing Business (as defined below) in any country in which the Company conducted business during the Term; provided, however, that the provisions of this Section 9 shall apply solely to those activities of a Competing Business which are congruent with those activities with which Executive was personally involved or for which Executive was responsible while employed by the Company or its subsidiaries during the twelve (12) month period preceding termination of Executive’s employment. This Section 9 will not be violated, however, by Executive’s investment of up to $500,000 in the aggregate in one or more publicly-traded companies that engage in a Competing Business. “Competing Business” means a business or enterprise (other than Company or its subsidiaries) engaged in development and commercialization of therapeutics for COVID-19 or malaria and any other business directly competing with the business of the Company as currently conducted or otherwise conducted by the Company during the Term. “Restricted Period” means twenty-four (24) months. |
| (b) | During the Term of this Agreement and during the Restricted Period (as defined above), Executive will not engage in any Wrongful Solicitation. A “Wrongful Solicitation” shall be deemed to occur when Executive directly or indirectly (except in the course of Executive’s employment with Company), for the purpose of conducting or engaging in a Competing Business, calls upon, solicits, advises or otherwise does, or attempts to do, business with any Person who is, or was, during the then most recent 12-month period, a customer of Company or any of its subsidiaries, or takes away or interferes or attempts to take away or interfere with any custom, trade, business, patronage or affairs of Company or any of its subsidiaries, or hires or attempts to hire any Person who is, or was during the most recent 12-month period, an Executive, officer, representative or agent of Company or any of its subsidiaries, or solicits, induces, or attempts to solicit or induce any Person who is an Executive, officer, representative or agent of Company or any of its subsidiaries to leave the employ or agency of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or violate the terms of their contract, or any employment consulting or agent agreement, with it. |
| (c) | It is expressly understood and agreed that although Executive and Company consider the restrictions contained in this Section 9 to be reasonable if a court makes a final judicial determination of competent jurisdiction that the time or territory or any other restriction contained in this Agreement is an unenforceable restriction against Executive, the provisions of this Agreement shall not be rendered void but shall be deemed amended to apply as to such maximum time and territory and to such maximum extent as the court may judicially determine or indicate to be enforceable. Alternatively, if any court of competent jurisdiction finds that any restriction contained in this Agreement is unenforceable, and such restriction cannot be amended so as to make it enforceable, such finding shall not affect the enforceability of any of the other restrictions contained herein. |
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| (d) | Executive expressly understands that in the event of a violation of any period specified in this Section 9, such period shall be extended by a period of time equal to that period beginning with the commencement of any such violation and ending when such violation shall have been finally terminated in good faith. |
| 10. | Enforcement of Covenants. Executive acknowledges that Executive has carefully read and considered all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the restraints imposed upon Executive pursuant to Sections 7, 8 and 9, and Executive agrees that these restraints are necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of Company and its successors and assigns and that each and every one of the restraints is reasonable in respect to the subject matter, length of time and geographic area. Executive further acknowledges that, were Executive to breach any of the covenants in Section 7, Section 8 and/or Section 9 the damage to the Company would be irreparable. Executive therefore agrees that Company, in addition to any other remedies available to it, shall be entitled to preliminary and permanent injunctive relief against any breach or threatened breach by Executive of any of the covenants herein, without any requirement to post a bond or similar security. The Parties further agree that in the event that any provision of Section 7, Section 8 and/or Section 9 shall be determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area or too great a range of activities, such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. |
| 11. | Definitions. Words or phrases that are initially capitalized or within quotation marks shall have the meanings provided in this Section 11 and as provided elsewhere. For purposes of this Agreement, the following definitions apply: |
| (a) | “$” refers to U.S. Dollars. |
| (b) | “Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person which directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such specified Person (for the purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as used with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to either: (i) direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise, or (ii) vote at least fifty percent (50%) or more of the securities having voting power for the election of a majority of the directors (or Persons performing similar functions) of such Person. |
| (c) | “Cause” means if Executive is discharged by Company on account of the occurrence of one or more of the following events: |
| (i) | Executive’s continued refusal or failure to perform (other than by reason of Disability) Executive’s material duties and responsibilities to Company if such refusal or failure is not cured within thirty (30) days following written notice of such refusal or failure by Company to Executive, or Executive’s continued refusal or failure to follow any reasonable lawful direction of the Board if such refusal or failure is not cured within thirty (30) days following written notice of such refusal or failure by Company to Executive; |
| (ii) | a material breach of this Agreement (other than Section 7, Section 8 and/or Section 9) by Executive that, if capable of being cured, is not cured within thirty (30) days following written notice of such breach by Company to Executive; |
| (iii) | an intentional and material breach of Section 7, Section 8 and/or Section 9 hereof by Executive; |
| (iv) | willful, grossly negligent or unlawful misconduct by Executive which causes material harm to Company or its reputation; |
| (v) | any conduct engaged in by Executive that is materially detrimental to the business or reputation of Company as determined by the Board in good faith using its reasonable business judgment that is not cured within thirty (30) days following written notice from Company to Executive; |
| (vi) | the Company is directed in writing by regulatory or governmental authorities to terminate the employment of Executive or Executive engages in activities that: (i) are not approved or authorized by the Board, and (ii) cause actions to be taken by regulatory or governmental authorities that have a material adverse effect on Company; or |
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| (vii) | a conviction, plea of guilty, or plea of nolo contendere by Executive, of or with respect to a criminal offense which is a felony or other crime involving dishonesty, disloyalty, fraud, embezzlement, theft, or similar action(s) (including, without limitation, acceptance of bribes, kickbacks or self-dealing), or the material breach of Executive’s fiduciary duties with respect to Company. |
| (d) | “Change in Control” means the occurrence, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions, of any one or more of the following events: |
| (i) | A transaction or series of transactions (other than an offering of common stock to the general public through a registration statement filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission) whereby any “Person” or related “group” of “persons” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act) (other than the Company, any of its subsidiaries, an Executive benefit plan maintained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or a “Person” that, prior to such transaction, directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company) directly or indirectly acquires beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13(d)(3) under the Exchange Act) of securities of the Company possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Company’s securities outstanding immediately after such acquisition; |
| (ii) | The consummation by the Company (whether directly involving the Company or indirectly involving the Company through one or more intermediaries) of (x) a merger, consolidation, reorganization, or business combination, or (y) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in any single transaction or series of related transactions: |
| (A) | which results in the Company’s voting securities outstanding immediately before the transaction continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the Company or the Person that, as a result of the transaction, controls, directly or indirectly, the Company or owns, directly or indirectly, all or substantially all of the Company’s assets or otherwise succeeds to the business of the Company (the Company or such Person, the “Successor Entity”) directly or indirectly, at least a majority of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity’s outstanding voting securities immediately after the transaction, and |
| (B) | after which no Person or group beneficially owns voting securities representing fifty percent (50%) or more of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity; provided, however, that no Person or group shall be treated for purposes of this Section 11(d) as beneficially owning fifty percent (50%) or more of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity solely as a result of the voting power held in the Company prior to the consummation of the transaction. |
A transaction shall not constitute a Change in Control if its sole purpose is to change the State of the Company’s incorporation or to create a holding company that will be owned in substantially the same proportions by the persons who held the Company’s securities immediately before such transaction.
| (e) | “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. |
| (f) | “Company” has the meaning ascribed to it in the preamble of this Agreement. |
| (g) | “Company Group” shall mean the Company together with any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries. |
| (h) | “Compensation Committee” shall mean the committee of the Board designated to make compensation decisions relating to senior executive officers of the Company. |
| (i) | “Confidential Information” means any and all nonpublic information of the Company. Confidential Information includes, without limitation, such information relating to (i) the development, research, testing, manufacturing, marketing, and financial activities of the Company, (ii) the Services, (iii) the costs, sources of supply, financial performance, and strategic and/or business plans of Company, (iv) the identity and special needs of the customers and prospective customers of Company, and (v) the people and organizations with whom Company has business relationships and those relationships. Confidential Information also includes any information that Company has received, or may receive hereafter, belonging to customers or others with any understanding, express or implied, that the information would not be disclosed. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “Confidential Information” does not include (x) any information that is or becomes generally known to the industry or the public through no wrongful act of Executive or any representative of Executive and (y) any information that is made legitimately available to Executive by a third Party without breach of any confidentiality obligation. |
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| (j) | “Disability” means Executive’s inability, due to any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature, to substantially perform Executive’s duties and responsibilities hereunder for a period of one hundred twenty (120) consecutive days, or for any one hundred and eighty (180) days during any period of three hundred and sixty-five (365) consecutive calendar days, exclusive of any leave Executive may take under the Family and Medical Leave Act, 29 U.S.C. § 12101 et seq. (“FMLA”) or as a reasonable accommodation under the Americans with Disabilities Act, 29 U.S.C. § 2601 et seq. (“ADA”). |
| (k) | “Final Compensation” means the amount equal to the sum of: (i) the Base Salary earned but not paid through the date of termination of employment, payable not later than the next scheduled payroll date, (ii) any business and related expenses and allowances incurred by Executive or to which Executive is entitled under Section 4(f) but unreimbursed on the date of termination of employment; provided that with respect to business expenses unreimbursed under Section 4(f), such expenses and required substantiation and documentation are submitted within one hundred eighty (180) days of termination in the case of termination on account of Executive’s death, or thirty (30) days on account of termination for any reason other than death, and that such expenses are reimbursable under Company’s applicable reimbursement policy, and (iii) any other supplemental compensation, insurance, retirement or other benefits due and payable or otherwise required to be provided under Section 4 in accordance with the terms and conditions of the applicable plan or agreement. |
| (l) | “Good Reason” means, without Executive’s express written consent: (i) a material reduction in the Base Salary, then in effect, except a material diminution generally affecting all of the members of the Company’s management, (ii) a material reduction in job title, position or responsibility, (iii) a material breach of any term or condition contained in this Agreement, or (iv) a relocation of Executive’s principal worksite that is more than fifty (50) miles from Executive’s principal worksite as of the Effective Date. However, none of the foregoing events or conditions will constitute “Good Reason” unless (i) Executive provides Company with written notice of the existence of Good Reason within ninety (90) days following the occurrence thereof, (ii) Company does not reverse or otherwise cure the event or condition within thirty (30) days of receiving that written notice, and (iii) Executive resigns Executive’s employment within thirty (30) days following the expiration of that cure period. |
| (m) | “Intellectual Property” means inventions, discoveries, developments, methods, processes, compositions, works, concepts and ideas (whether or not patentable or copyrightable or constituting trade secrets) conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by Executive (whether alone or with others, whether or not during normal business hours or on or off Company premises) during Executive’s employment that relate to either the Services or any prospective activity of Company or that make use of Confidential Information or any of the equipment or facilities of Company. |
| (n) | “Person” means an individual, a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a partnership, an estate, a trust, and any other entity or organization other than Company. |
| (o) | “Sale of Company” means the sale of Company to an independent third Party or group of independent third Parties pursuant to which such Party or Parties acquire: (i) equity interests possessing the voting power under normal circumstances to elect a majority of the Board of Directors or similar governing body of Company (whether by merger, consolidation or sale or transfer of such equity interests), or (ii) all or substantially all of Company’s assets determined on a consolidated basis. |
| (p) | “Services” means all services planned, researched, developed, tested, manufactured, sold, licensed, leased or otherwise distributed or put into use by Company, together with all products provided or planned by Company, during Executive’s employment. |
| (q) | “Severance Period” shall mean that number of years or partial years following termination of Executive’s employment equal to the number of years or partial years of Base Salary that the Executive receives under Section 5(f).. |
| (r) | “Term End Date” shall mean the last day of the Term of this Employment Agreement. |
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| 12. | Withholding. All payments made by Company under this Agreement may be reduced by any tax or other amounts required to be withheld by Company under applicable law or by any amounts authorized in writing by Executive. |
| 13. | Assignment. Neither Company nor Executive may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest herein, by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other; provided, however, that Company may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without the consent of Executive in the event of a Sale of Company. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon Company and Executive, their respective successors, executors, administrators, heirs and permitted assigns. |
| 14. | Compliance with Code Section 409A. |
| (a) | Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, Executive’s employment will be deemed to have terminated on the date of Executive “separation from service” (within the meaning of Treas. Reg. Section 1.409A-1(h)) with Company. |
| (b) | It is intended that this Agreement will comply with Section 409A of the Code, and any regulations and guideline issued thereunder (“Section 409A”) to the extent that any compensation and benefits provided hereunder constitute deferred compensation subject to Section 409A. This Agreement shall be interpreted on a basis consistent with this intent. The Parties will negotiate in good faith to amend this Agreement as necessary to comply with Section 409A in a manner that preserves the original intent of the Parties to the extent reasonably possible. No action or failure to act, pursuant to this Section 14 shall subject Company to any claim, liability, or expense, and Company shall not have any obligation to indemnify or otherwise protect Executive from the obligation to pay any taxes pursuant to Section 409A of the Code. |
| (c) | For purposes of the application of Treas. Reg. § 1.409A-1(b)(4)(or any successor provision), each payment in a series of payments will be deemed a separate payment. |
| (d) | Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if any amount or benefit that would constitute non-exempt “deferred compensation” for purposes of Section 409A of the Code would otherwise be payable or distributable under this Agreement by reason of Executive’s separation from service during a period in which Executive is a “specified Executive” (as defined under Code Section 409A and the final regulations thereunder), then, subject to any permissible acceleration of payment by Company under Treas. Reg. Section 1.409A-3(j)(4)(ii) (domestic relations order), (j)(4)(iii) (conflicts of interest), or (j)(4)(vi) (payment of employment taxes): |
| (i) | if the payment or distribution is payable in a lump sum, the Executive’s right to receive payment or distribution of such non-exempt deferred compensation will be delayed until the earlier of Executive’s death or the first day of the seventh month following Executive’s separation from service; and |
| (ii) | if the payment or distribution is payable over time, the amount of such non-exempt deferred compensation that would otherwise be payable during the six months immediately following Executive’s separation from service will be accumulated, and the Executive’s right to receive payment or distribution of such accumulated amount will be delayed until the earlier of Executive’s death or the first day of the seventh month following Executive’s separation from service, whereupon the accumulated amount will be paid or distributed to Executive and the normal payment or distribution schedule for any remaining payments or distributions will resume. |
This Section 14(d) should not be construed to prevent the application of Treas. Reg § 1.409A-1(b)(9)(iii)(or any successor provision) to amounts payable hereunder (or any portion thereof).
| 15. | Golden Parachute Limitation. Notwithstanding anything in this Section or elsewhere in this Agreement to the contrary, in the event the payments and benefits payable hereunder to or on behalf of Executive (which the Parties agree will not include any portion of payments allocated to the non-competition and non-solicitation provisions of Section 9) that are classified as payments of reasonable compensation for purposes of Section 280G of the Code, when added to all other amounts and benefits payable to or on behalf of Executive, would result in the loss of a deduction under Code Section 280G, or the imposition of an excise tax under Code Section 4999, the amounts and benefits payable hereunder shall be reduced to such extent as may be necessary to avoid such loss of deduction or imposition of excise tax. In applying this principle, the reduction shall be made in a manner consistent with the requirements of Code Section 409A and where two or more economically equivalent amounts are subject to reduction, but payable at different times, such amounts shall be reduced on a pro-rata basis. All calculations required to be made under this subsection will be made by the Company’s independent public accountants, subject to the right of Executive’s professional advisors to review the same. The Parties recognize that the actual implementation of the provisions of this subsection are complex and agree to deal with each other in good faith to resolve any questions or disagreements arising hereunder. |
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| 16. | Successors. |
| (a) | Company’s Successors. Subject to Section 5(f),, any successor to the Company (whether direct or indirect and whether by purchase, merger, consolidation, liquidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the Company’s business and/or assets shall assume the obligations under this Agreement and agree expressly to perform the obligations under this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent as the Company would be required to perform such obligations in the absence of a succession. For all purposes under this Agreement, the term “Company” shall include any successor to the Company’s business and/or assets which executes and delivers the assumption agreement described in this Section 16 or which becomes bound by the terms of this Agreement by operation of law. |
| (b) | Executive’s Successors. The terms of this Agreement and all rights of Executive hereunder shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, Executive’s personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees |
| 17. | Clawback Provisions. Any amounts payable under this Agreement are subject to any policy (whether in existence as of the Effective Date or later adopted) established by the Company providing for clawback or recovery of amounts that were paid to the Executive. The Company will make any determination for clawback or recovery in its sole discretion and in accordance with any applicable law or regulation. |
| 18. | Indemnification. Company will indemnify Executive to the fullest extent permitted by law, for all amounts (including, without limitation, judgments, fines, settlement payments, expenses and reasonable out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees) incurred or paid by Executive in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding, or threatened action, suit, investigation or proceeding, arising out of or relating to the performance by Executive of services for, or the acting by Executive as a director, officer or Executive of, Company, or any subsidiary of Company. Any fees or other necessary expenses incurred by Executive in defending any such action, suit, investigation or proceeding shall be paid by Company in advance, subject to Company’s right to seek repayment from Executive if a determination is made that Executive was not entitled to indemnification. |
| 19. | Severability. If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such portion or provision in the circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. |
| 20. | Waiver. No waiver of any provision hereof shall be effective unless made in writing and signed by the waiving Party. The failure of either Party to require the performance of any term or obligation of this Agreement, or the waiver by either Party of any breach of this Agreement, shall not prevent any subsequent enforcement of such term or obligation or be deemed a waiver of any subsequent breach. |
| 21. | Survival. Section 6 through and including Section 32 shall survive and continue in full force in accordance with their terms notwithstanding the termination of Executive’s employment (and hence the Term of this Agreement) for any reason. |
| 22. | Notices. Any and all notices, requests, demands and other communications provided for by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be effective when delivered in Person, with respect to notices delivered personally, or upon confirmed receipt when delivered by facsimile or deposited with a reputable, nationally recognized overnight courier service and addressed or faxed to Executive at Executive’s last known address on the books of Company or, in the case of Company, at its principal place of business, attention: Secretary, Board of Directors. |
| 23. | Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the Parties (including with respect to Company, its successors and assigns) with respect to Executive’s employment and supersedes all prior communications, agreements and understandings, written or oral, with respect to the terms and conditions of Executive’s employment. |
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| 24. | Amendment. This Agreement may be amended or modified only by a written instrument signed by Executive and by an expressly authorized representative of Company. |
| 25. | Headings. The headings and captions in this Agreement are for convenience only and in no way define or describe the scope or content of any provision of this Agreement. |
| 26. | Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Furthermore, the delivery of a copy of such signature by facsimile transmission or other electronic exchange methodology shall constitute a valid and binding execution and delivery of this Agreement by such Party, and such electronic copy shall constitute an enforceable original document. Counterpart signatures need not be on the same page and shall be deemed effective upon receipt. |
| 27. | Additional Obligations. Without implication that the contrary would otherwise be true, Executive’s obligations under Section 7, Section 8 and Section 9 are in addition to, and not in limitation of, any obligations that Executive may have under applicable law (including any law regarding trade secrets, duty of loyalty, fiduciary duty, unfair competition, unjust enrichment, slander, libel, conversion, misappropriation and fraud). |
| 28. | Attorneys’ Fees . In any action or proceeding brought to enforce any provision of this Agreement, the prevailing Party shall be entitled to recover reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs, and expenses from the other Party to the action or proceeding. For purposes of this Agreement, the “prevailing Party” shall be deemed to be that Party who obtains substantially the result sought, whether by settlement, mediation, judgment or otherwise, and “attorneys’ fees” shall include, without limitation, the reasonable out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees incurred in retaining counsel for advice, negotiations, suit, appeal or other legal proceeding, including mediation and arbitration. |
| 29. | Confidentiality. The Parties acknowledge and agree that this Agreement and each of its provisions are and shall be treated strictly confidential. During the Term and thereafter, Executive shall not disclose any terms of this Agreement to any Person or entity without the prior written consent of Company, with the exception of Executive’s tax, legal or accounting advisors or for legitimate business purposes of Executive, or as otherwise required by law. |
| 30. | No Rule of Construction. This Agreement shall be construed to be neither against nor in favor of any Party hereto based upon any Party’s role in drafting this Agreement, but rather in accordance with the fair meaning hereof. |
| 31. | Governing Law. The validity, interpretation, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the state of Florida. |
| 32. | WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EXECUTIVE AND THE COMPANY EXPRESSLY WAIVE ANY RIGHT EITHER MAY HAVE TO A JURY TRIAL CONCERNING ANY CIVIL ACTION THAT MAY ARISE FROM THIS AGREEMENT OR THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE PARTIES HERETO. |
| 33. | Conditions. This Agreement and the Executive’s continued employment hereunder is conditional on the Company’s satisfaction (determined in the Company’s sole discretion) that the Executive has met the legal requirements to perform the Executive’s role, including but not limited to satisfactory results of a background and/or credit search or any other applicable security clearance checks and criminal record checks and other reference checks that the Company performs. The Executive acknowledges and agrees that in signing this Agreement, and providing the Company with the necessary documentation to perform the checks required for the Executive’s role and with references, the Executive is providing consent to the Company or its agent, to performs such checks and contact the references the Executive provided to the Company. |
| 34. | Prior Restrictions. By signing below, the Executive represents that the Executive is not bound by the terms of any agreement with any Person which restricts in any way the Executive’s hiring by the Company and the performance of the Executive’s expected job duties; the Executive also represents that, during the Executive’s employment with the Company, the Executive shall not disclose or make use of any confidential information of any other persons or entities in violation of any of their applicable policies or agreements and/or applicable law. |
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| 35. | Independent Legal Counsel. By signing below, the Executive hereby acknowledges that the Executive has been encouraged to obtain independent legal advice regarding the execution of this Agreement, and that the Executive has either obtained such advice or voluntarily chosen not to do so, and hereby waives any objections or claims the Executive may make resulting from any failure on the Executive’s part to obtain such advice. |
| 36. | Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original when executed, but all of which taken together shall constitute the same Agreement. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page to this Agreement by electronic transmission, including in portable document format (.pdf), shall be deemed as effective as delivery of an original executed counterpart of this Agreement. |
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed by Company (by its duly authorized representative) and by Executive, as of the date first above written.
| 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals Inc. | |||
| By: | /s/ Ty Miller | ||
| Name: | Ty Miller | ||
| Title: | CFO | ||
| EXECUTIVE: | |||
| /s/ Geoff Dow | |||
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EXHIBIT A
Release of Claims
FOR AND IN CONSIDERATION OF the benefits to be provided me in1c/o1n2n/e2ct0io2n3 with the termination of my employment, as set forth in that certain Employment Agreement, dated as of , 2022 (the “Agreement”), between me and 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals Inc. (the “Company”), or under any severance pay plan applicable to me, which benefits are conditioned on my signing this Release of Claims and to which I am not otherwise entitled, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, I, on my own behalf and on behalf of my heirs, executors, administrators, beneficiaries, representatives and assigns, and all others connected with me, hereby release and forever discharge Company and any of its subsidiaries and Affiliates (as that term is defined in Section 11(b) of the Agreement) and all of their respective past, present and future officers, directors, trustees, equity holders, Executives, agents, managers, joint venturers, representatives, successors and assigns, and all others connected with any of them (collectively, the “Released Parties”), both individually and in their official capacities, from any and all causes of action, rights and claims of any type or description, known or unknown, which I have had in the past, now have, or might now have, through the date of my signing of this Release of Claims, in any way resulting from, arising out of or connected with my employment by the Company or any of its Affiliates or the termination of that employment, including, but not limited to, any allegation, claim or violation arising under: Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended; the Civil Rights Act of 1991; the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended (including the Older Worker Benefit Protection Act); the Equal Pay Act of 1963, as amended; the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990; the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993; the Worker Adjustment Retraining and Notification Act; Executive Retirement Income Security Act of 1974; the Fair Labor Standards Act; any applicable Executive Orders; or their state or local counterparts; or under any other federal, state or local civil or human rights law, or under any other federal, state or local law, regulation or ordinance; or under any public policy, contract or tort, or under common law; or arising under any policies, practices or procedures of the Company; or any claim for wrongful discharge, breach of contract, intentional infliction of emotional distress or defamation; or any claim for costs, fees or other expenses, including attorneys’ fees incurred in these matters (all of the foregoing collectively referred to herein as “Claims”), other than (i) the right to payment of any vested or accrued benefits under any supplemental compensation, insurance, retirement and/or other benefit plan or agreement applicable to Executive, (ii) the right to payment of any amounts owed to me by Company pursuant to Section 5 of the Agreement, (iii) any rights under applicable workers compensation or unemployment compensation laws, (iv) any rights that survive termination of my employment pursuant to an option grant agreement or certificate to purchase the Company’s (or an Affiliate’s) capital stock, (v) any rights with respect to the Company’s (or an Affiliate’s) capital stock owned by Executive, or (vi) any rights to indemnification under the Agreement, the Company’s by-laws or any other applicable law.
In signing this Release of Claims, I acknowledge my understanding that I may not sign it prior to the termination of my employment, but that I may consider the terms of this Release of Claims for up to twenty-one (21) days (or such longer period as the Company may specify) from the later of the date my employment with the Company terminates or the date I receive this Release of Claims. I also acknowledge that I am advised by the Company and its Affiliates to seek the advice of an attorney prior to signing this Release of Claims; that I have had sufficient time to consider this Release of Claims and to consult with an attorney, if I wished to do so, or to consult with any other Person of my choosing before signing; and that I am signing this Release of Claims voluntarily and with a full understanding of its terms.
I represent that I have not filed against the Released Parties any complaints, charges, or lawsuits arising out of my employment, or any other matter arising on or prior to the date of this Release of Claims, and covenant and agree that I will never individually or with any Person file, or commence the filing of, any charges, lawsuits, complaints or proceedings with any governmental agency, or against the Released Parties with respect to any of the matters released by me pursuant to this Release of Claims.
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I further acknowledge that, in signing this Release of Claims, I have not relied on any promises or representations, express or implied, that are not set forth expressly in the Agreement. I understand that I may revoke this Release of Claims at any time within seven (7) days of the date of my signing by written notice to the Secretary, Board of Directors of the Company (or such other Person as the Company may specify by notice to me given in accordance with the Agreement) and that this Release of Claims will take effect only upon the expiration of such seven-day revocation period and only if I have not timely revoked it.
Intending to be legally bound, I have signed this Release of Claims as of the date written below.
| Signature: | /s/ Geoff Dow | |
| Name: | Geoff Dow | |
| Date | 1/12/2023 | |
| Signed: |
| A-2 |
Exhibit 10.23
EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT
This Employment Agreement, dated as of January 12, 2023 (this “Agreement”), is made and entered into by and between 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and Tyrone Miller (the “Executive” and together with the Company, the “Parties” and individually a “Party”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings set forth in Section 11.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth, Company wishes to employ Executive as its Chief Financial Officer and Executive wishes to be employed by Company as its Chief Financial Officer.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing premises and the mutual promises, terms, provisions, and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the adequacy and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties hereto, intending to be legally bound, hereby agree as follows:
AGREEMENT
| 1. | Employment. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, Company hereby offers, and Executive hereby accepts employment with Company, as of the date first above written (the “Effective Date”). |
| 2. | Term. The Executive’s employment hereunder shall be effective as of the Effective Date and shall continue until the second (2nd) anniversary thereof (the “Initial Term”), unless terminated earlier pursuant to the terms of this Agreement; provided that, on such second (2nd) anniversary of the Effective Date and each annual anniversary thereafter (such date and each annual anniversary thereof, a “Renewal Date”), the Agreement shall be deemed to be automatically extended, upon the same terms and conditions, for successive periods of one (1) year (each “Renewal Term”), unless either Party provides written notice of its intention not to extend the term of the Agreement at least 90 days prior to the applicable Renewal Date. The Initial Term and each Renewal Term is hereinafter referred to as the “Term.” |
| 3. | Capacity and Performance. |
| (a) | During the Term, the Executive shall be employed by Company on a full-time basis as its Chief Financial Officer. Executive shall perform such duties and responsibilities as directed by the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”), consistent with Executive’s position on behalf of Company. |
| (b) | Executive shall devote his full business time, attention, skill, and best efforts to the performance of his duties under this Agreement and shall not engage in any other business or occupation during the Term of Employment, including, without limitation, any activity that: (x) conflicts with the interests of the Company or any other member of the Company Group, (y) interferes with the proper and efficient performance of Executive’s duties for the Company, or (z) interferes with Executive’s exercise of judgment in the Company’s best interests. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall preclude Executive from: (i) serving, with the prior written consent of the Board, as a member of the Board of Directors or Advisory Board (or the equivalent in the case of a non-corporate entity) of a noncompeting for-profit business and one or more charitable organizations, (ii) engaging in charitable activities and community affairs, and (iii) managing Executive’s personal investments and affairs and (iv) continuing tax advisory work for existing clients; provided, however, that the activities set out in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) shall be limited by Executive so as not to materially interfere, individually or in the aggregate, with the performance of his duties and responsibilities hereunder. |
| (c) | Executive’s employment with Company shall be exclusive with respect to the business of Company. Accordingly, during the Term, Executive shall devote Executive’s full business time and Executive’s best efforts, business judgment, skill and knowledge to the advancement of the business and interests of Company and the discharge of Executive’s duties and responsibilities hereunder, except for permitted vacation (and other paid time off) periods, reasonable periods of illness or incapacity, and reasonable and customary time spent on civic, charitable and religious activities, in each case such activities shall not interfere in any material respect with Executive’s duties and responsibilities hereunder. |
| (d) | During the Term, the Executive will report directly to the Chief Executive Officer. |
| (e) | On the Effective Date, the Board shall appoint Executive as the Chief Financial Officer |
| (f) | Executive shall be employed to perform his duties under this Agreement at the primary office location of Company, or at such other location or locations as may be mutually agreeable to Executive and Company. Notwithstanding this, it is expected that the Executive shall be required to travel a reasonable amount of time in the performance of his duties under this Agreement. |
| 4. | Compensation and Benefits. |
| (a) | Base Salary. For services performed by Executive under this Agreement, Company shall pay Executive an annual base salary during the Term at the rate of $204,000 per year, minus applicable withholdings and deductions, payable at the same times as salaries are payable to other executives of Company (the “Base Salary”). During the Term, the Base Salary shall be reviewed by the Compensation Committee and/or the Board each year, and the Board may, from time to time, increase such Base Salary and any reference to “Base Salary” herein shall refer to such Base Salary, as increased. |
| (b) | Annual Bonus. For each fiscal year of the Company during the Term, the Company shall afford Executive the opportunity to earn an incentive bonus (“Bonus”) as described in this Section 4(b). The aggregate target Bonus payable to Executive under such program(s) shall equal 25% percent (25%) of the Base Salary for such fiscal year and shall be payable to the extent the applicable performance goals are achieved (which goals and payment matrices shall be set by the Compensation Committee of the Board in its discretion). The amount of the Bonus will be determined by certification by the Board that the applicable goals have been achieved, and the Board shall promptly provide such certification following achievement of the applicable goals. The amount payable under this Section 4(b) shall be paid by the seventh (7th) day following the approval of the annual audited financial statements by the Board or its audit committee, as applicable, for the calendar year in which the Bonus is earned or if later, the fifteenth (15th) day of the third month following the end of the Company’s fiscal year in which the Bonus is earned. |
| (c) | Equity Awards. During the Term, the Executive shall be entitled to receive equity awards either now or in the future, on terms and conditions similar to those applicable to other executive officers of the Company generally, inside or outside of any established equity plan. The amount and terms of the long-term incentive awards awarded to the Executive shall be set by the Compensation Committee in its discretion, except |
Annual Stock Option. Upon the Company becoming publicly traded on a national exchange, Executive shall be granted a five-year option (the “Option”) to purchase a total of 12,000 shares of the Company’s common stock on the last day of each quarter, or March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31, in each calendar year (for a cumulative total or no more than 240,000 shares over five years). The per share exercise price of the Option shall be equal to the per share closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, and shall have a cashless exercise provision. The Option shall vest and become exercisable subject to the terms set forth in the 2022 Equity Incentive Plan approved by the Board and effectuated prior to the Company going public by way of Initial Public Offering of its common stock on a national exchange. The Option shall otherwise be subject to the terms of the plan pursuant to which it is granted and/or an option agreement to be entered into between Executive and the Company.
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| (d) | Other Executive Benefits. During the Term, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in all Executive benefit plans, including health and 401(k) plans, from time to time generally in effect for Company’s Executives (collectively, “Benefit Plans”). If the Company does not implement a health plan, it will compensate Executive $1,100.00 per month. Such participation and receipt of benefits under any such Benefit Plans shall be on the same terms (including cost-sharing between Company and Executive) as are applicable to other Company Executives and shall be subject to the terms of the applicable plan documents and generally applicable Company policies. The Company may alter, modify, add to or delete the Benefit Plans in a manner nondiscriminatory to Executive at any time in accordance with applicable plan rules. |
| (e) | Vacation. The Executive shall be entitled to an annual vacation of 28 days plus ten established holiday days per full calendar year of his employment with the Company hereunder. Any unused vacation in one accrued calendar year may not be carried over to any subsequent calendar year. However, the Company shall pay the Executive (based on the Executive’s Base Salary) for any such unused vacation days within 30 days of the end of any such calendar year. |
| (f) | Business and Travel Expenses. Company shall pay or reimburse Executive for all reasonable, customary and necessary business expenses (including cell phone, travel, lodging, and entertainment expenses) which are correctly documented and incurred or paid by Executive in the performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities hereunder, subject to the rules, regulations, and procedures of Company and in effect from time to time. |
| (g) | Change in Control Transaction Bonus. During Executive’s employment, if (i) a Change in Control has occurred, and (ii) as of such Change in Control, the price per share of Company’s common stock is two (2) times or more than the closing price per share of the common stock of the Company upon listing on an exchange, Executive shall be paid a bonus (the “Change in Control Transaction Bonus”), in cash, equal to two (2) times the Base Salary as in effect immediately before such Change in Control. If applicable, the Change in Control Transaction Bonus shall be paid in a lump sum within fifteen (15) days after the consummation of such Change in Control and the following certification by the Board of the occurrence of clauses (i) and (ii) above. |
| 5. | Termination of Employment; Severance Benefits. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 2, the Executive’s employment hereunder shall terminate under the following circumstances: |
| (a) | Death. If Executive’s dies during the Term, Executive’s employment hereunder shall immediately and automatically terminate. In such event, Company shall pay to Executive’s designated beneficiary or, if no beneficiary has been selected by Executive, to Executive’s estate, the Final Compensation. Company shall have no further obligation hereunder to Executive, Executive’s beneficiary, or Executive’s estate upon the termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(a) including, specifically, that the provisions of Section 5(d) shall not apply. |
| (b) | Disability. |
| (i) | Company may terminate Executive’s employment hereunder due to Executive’s Disability during the Term by giving Executive thirty (30) days’ written notice of its intent to terminate, but in no event shall such termination be effective prior to the expiration of the time periods in the definition of “Disability.” Notwithstanding the foregoing, Company will, after engaging in an interactive process with Executive to discern whether reasonable accommodation(s) can be provided without undue hardship upon Company, offer Executive reasonable accommodation(s) to enable Executive to perform the essential functions of Executive’s position to the extent required by applicable law (if any) before terminating Executive’s employment hereunder. Executive may decline such reasonable accommodation, in which case Executive’s employment hereunder will terminate as provided in this subsection. |
| (ii) | In the event of such termination for Disability, Executive will receive Executive’s Final Compensation. Company shall have no further obligation hereunder to Executive upon termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(d), including, specifically, that the provisions of Section 5(d) shall not apply. |
| (iii) | Subject to Executive’s rights under the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), Company may designate another Executive to act in Executive’s place during any period of Executive’s Disability during which Executive is unable to perform the essential functions of Executive’s position with or without a reasonable accommodation. Notwithstanding any such designation, Executive shall continue to receive the Base Salary in accordance with Section 4(a) and coverage under the Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(b), to the extent permitted by the then- current terms of the applicable benefit plans and as provided under the FMLA, if applicable, until the earliest to occur of: (A) the end of the Term, (B) Executive becomes eligible for disability income benefits under Company’s disability income plan, or (C) the termination of Executive’s employment. |
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| (iv) | While receiving disability income payments under Company’s disability income plan (if applicable), Company will continue to pay to Executive Executive’s Base Salary under Section 4(a), but may offset any such disability income payments Executive receives against the Base Salary payments. Executive will also continue to participate in the Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(b) and the terms of such Benefit Plans, until the end of the Term or until the termination of Executive’s employment, whichever occurs first. |
| (v) | If any question arises as to whether during any period Executive has a Disability as defined herein, Executive may, and at the request of Company shall, submit to a medical examination by a qualified, unbiased physician selected by Company and reasonably acceptable to Executive or Executive’s duly appointed guardian, if any, to determine whether Executive has a Disability and such determination shall for the purposes of this Agreement be conclusive of the issue. |
| (c) | By Company for Cause. Company may terminate Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, as defined in Section 11(c), at any time upon notice to Executive setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of such Cause. Upon the giving of notice of termination of Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, Executive will receive Executive’s Final Compensation. Except as provided herein, Company will have no further obligation to Executive upon termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(c). Any notice of termination of Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, or any notice to Executive regarding any event, condition or circumstance that, if not cured, if applicable, in accordance with the above, could give rise to a termination of Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, shall set forth in detail the applicable event(s), condition(s) or circumstance(s) constituting reason(s) or potential reason(s) for such termination hereunder. |
| (d) | By Company Other than for Cause or by Executive for Good Reason. Company may terminate Executive’s employment hereunder other than for Cause at any time upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to Executive and Executive may terminate Executive’s employment hereunder for Good Reason at any time upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to Company. |
| (i) | In the event of a termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(d), in addition to the Final Compensation, Executive shall receive: |
| (1) | continuation of Executive’s Base Salary, at the rate in effect as of the date immediately preceding the date of termination, until the earlier of: (x) the Term End Date and (y) the first anniversary of the date of termination (provided, however, if the date of termination is after the first anniversary of the Effective Date, the period pursuant to this subsection shall be eighteen (18) months after the date of termination), payable in accordance with the Company’s regular payroll practices, less applicable withholdings, commencing at the conclusion of the period set forth in Section 5(d)(iii), provided that the first installment of such payments shall include all amounts which would have been paid during the period between Executive’s date of termination and the date of such first installment; and |
| (2) | if the date of termination occurs after the end of a calendar year but prior to the date on which a Bonus is paid under Section 4(d), payment of such Bonus as determined under Section 4(d) shall be at the time proscribed by Section 4(b); and |
| (3) | payment of a pro-rata portion of the amount of Executive’s Bonus for the year in which termination occurs that would have been payable based on actual performance determined under the terms of the Bonus as then in effect for such year, with such pro-rata portion calculated by multiplying the amount of such bonus for the year in which such termination occurs (as determined by the Board based on actual performance for such year) by a number: (x) the numerator of which is the number of days worked by Executive during the year of such termination, and (y) the denominator of which is three hundred sixty-five (365), with such payment to be made after the determination of the Bonus pursuant to Section 4(b). |
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| (ii) | If the Executive timely and properly elects health continuation coverage under the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 (“COBRA”), the Company shall reimburse the Executive for the monthly COBRA premium paid by the Executive for himself and his dependents. Such reimbursement shall be paid to the Executive on the 1st day of the month immediately following the month in which the Executive timely remits the premium payment. The Executive shall be eligible to receive such reimbursement until the earliest of: |
| (1) | the first anniversary of the date of termination (provided, however, if the date of termination is after the first anniversary of the Effective Date, the period pursuant to this subsection (1) shall be eighteen (18) months after the date of termination); |
| (2) | the date the Executive is no longer eligible to receive COBRA continuation coverage; and |
| (3) | the date on which the Executive receives substantially similar coverage from another employer or other source. |
| (iii) | Any obligation of Company to Executive under this Section 5(d) (other than for the Final Compensation or for benefits required by law) is conditioned upon Executive’s execution and delivery to Company and the expiration of all applicable statutory revocation periods of a release of claims in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Executive Release”), provided, that the terms of such Executive Release shall be subject to modification to the extent necessary to comply with: (a) the fact that Company is simultaneously terminating more than one executive as part of a group termination decision or (b) changes in applicable law, if any, occurring after the date hereof, and prior to the date such Executive Release is executed. |
| (e) | By Executive Other than for Good Reason. Executive may terminate Executive’s employment hereunder other than for Good Reason upon thirty (30) days’ written notice to Company; provided, that Company may, in its sole and absolute discretion, by written notice accelerate such date of termination. In the event of a termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(e), Executive will receive the Final Compensation. Company shall have no further obligation hereunder to Executive upon termination of Executive’s employment under this Section 5(e). |
| (f) | Change in Control Severance. Except as otherwise set forth herein, if a Change in Control occurs, and on, or at any time during the 24 months following, the Change in Control, (i) the Company terminates Executive’s employment for any reason other than Cause or Disability, or (ii) Executive terminates Executive’s employment for Good Reason, Executive shall be entitled to the following benefits: |
| (i) | The Company shall pay Executive, in a lump sum within 60 days following termination of Executive’s employment, severance equal to two times the sum of Executive’s Base Salary and Bonus (the full, non- prorated Bonus for the year of termination assuming attainment of the targeted performance goals at the 100% payout level). |
| (ii) | Executive also shall be entitled to receive any and all vested benefits accrued under any other incentive plans to the date of termination of employment, the amount, entitlement to, form, and time of payment of such benefits to be determined by the terms of such incentive plans. For purposes of calculating Executive’s benefits under the incentive plans, Executive’s employment shall be deemed to have terminated under circumstances that have the most favorable result for Executive under the applicable incentive plan. |
| (iii) | If, upon the date of termination of Executive’s employment, Executive holds any awards with respect to securities of the Company, (i) all such awards that are options shall immediately become vested and exercisable upon such date and shall be exercisable thereafter until the earlier of the third (3rd) year anniversary of Executive’s termination of employment or the expiration of the term of the options; (ii) all restrictions on any such awards of restricted stock, restricted stock units or other awards shall terminate or lapse, and all such awards of restricted stock, restricted stock units or other awards shall be vested and payable; and (iii) all performance goals applicable to any such performance-based awards that are “in cycle” (i.e., the performance period is not yet complete) shall be deemed satisfied at the “target” level (assuming 100% payout), and (iv) all such awards shall be paid in accordance with the terms of the applicable award agreement. The provisions of this subsection shall be subject (and defer) to the provisions of any incentive plan, award agreement or other agreement as it relates to an individual award to the extent such provisions provide treatment that is more favorable to Executive than the treatment described in this subsection and such more favorable provisions in such incentive plan, award agreement or other agreement shall supersede any inconsistent or contrary provision of this subsection. All of Executive’s awards with respect to securities of the Company that are outstanding upon the date of termination of Executive’s employment shall continue to be subject to, and enjoy the benefits and protections under, the terms of the incentive plan, the award agreement and any other plan, agreement, policy or other arrangement to which such awards are subject as of the effective date of Executive’s participation, including any employment security agreement or other written compensation arrangement (even if the remaining terms thereof are waived), without application of this subsection. |
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| (iv) | Executive and Executive’s spouse and other qualified beneficiaries shall be eligible for continued coverage as follows: |
| (A) | If the Executive, Executive’s spouse and/or Executive’s other qualified beneficiaries are enrolled under a group health plan as defined by COBRA, on the date of termination of Executive’s employment, Executive, Executive’s spouse and/or Executive’s qualified beneficiaries may elect to continue such coverage under COBRA, except that the maximum coverage period shall be extended to no less than the Severance Period (but no more than 2 years) for that Executive, unless, after electing COBRA, the individual attains age 65 and becomes eligible for Medicare, in which case COBRA shall end for that individual. If Executive, Executive’s spouse and/or Executive’s other qualified beneficiaries elect COBRA coverage, the Company shall pay a portion of the COBRA costs for the Severance Period for that Executive (subject to any earlier termination of COBRA). The portion to be paid by the Company shall equal the amount necessary so that the total of the COBRA costs paid by Executive is equal to the costs that would have been paid by Executive for such coverage as an active employee immediately prior to termination of Executive’s employment or, if less, prior to the Change in Control. The cost of COBRA coverage paid by the Company may be taxable income to the Executive and reported on Executive’s Internal Revenue Service Form W-2. Executive, Executive’s spouse and/or Executive’s qualified beneficiaries may continue coverage under COBRA after the Severance Period for that Executive, provided they pay the full COBRA costs and COBRA otherwise remains available. |
| (B) | The benefits and/or extended coverage provided under this subsection shall cease prior to the date such benefits and/or extended coverage would otherwise end under subsection if and when Executive (A) obtains employment with another employer during the Severance Period and becomes eligible for coverage under any substantially similar plan provided by his/her new employer or (B) fails to pay the required active employee portion of the cost of coverage provided under this subsection in the time and manner specified by the Company or its designee. |
| (v) | Executive shall be entitled to payment for any accrued but unused vacation in accordance with the Company’s policy in effect at the time of termination of Executive’s employment, in a lump sum within 60 days following such termination. Executive shall not be entitled to receive any payments or other compensation attributable to vacation that would have been earned had Executive’s employment continued during the Severance Period, and Executive waives any right to receive any such compensation. |
| (vi) | The Company shall, at the Company’s expense, provide Executive with 12 months of executive outplacement services with a professional outplacement firm selected by the Company; provided that Executive must use the outplacement services by no later than the end of the second calendar year following the calendar year in which the termination of Executive’s employment occurred and the total cost of such outplacement services must not exceed any per individual cap on such amounts in the Company’s agreement with the professional outplacement firm selected by the Company. |
| (vii) | Executive shall not be entitled to reimbursement for any other fringe benefits or perquisite payments during the Severance Period, including but not limited to dues and expenses related to club memberships, automobile, cell phone, expenses for professional services, executive physicals, and other similar perquisites. |
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| (viii) | The Company shall pay as incurred (within ten calendar days following the Company’s receipt of an invoice from Executive) Executive’s out-of-pocket expenses, including attorneys’ fees, incurred by Executive at any time from the date of this Agreement through Executive’s remaining lifetime or, if longer, the statute of limitations for contract claims under applicable state law, in connection with any action taken to enforce the Executive’s rights under this Agreement or construe or determine the validity of this Agreement or otherwise in connection herewith, including any claim or legal action or proceeding, whether brought by Executive or the Company or another party; provided, Executive must be successful through judgment in his/her favor with respect to such action in order to recover fees under this Section 5(f)(viii); provided further, that Executive shall have submitted an invoice for such fees and expenses at least fifteen calendar days before the end of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which such fees and expenses were incurred. The amount of such legal fees and expenses that the Company is obligated to pay in any given calendar year shall not affect the legal fees and expenses that the Company is obligated to pay in any other calendar year, and Executive’s right to have the Company pay such legal fees and expenses may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit. The Company’s obligation to pay Executive’s eligible legal fees and expenses under this Section 5(f)(viii) shall not be conditioned upon the termination of Executive’s employment. |
| 6. | Effect of Termination. |
| (a) | Upon termination of Executive’s employment hereunder and subject to the provisions of Section 5 and Section 6(c), Company’s entire obligation to Executive shall be payment of Final Compensation. |
| (b) | In connection with the cessation of Executive’s service as Chief Financial Officer of Company for any reason, except as may otherwise be requested by the Company in writing and agreed upon in writing by Executive, Executive shall be deemed to have resigned from any and all directorships, committee memberships, and any other positions Executive holds with the Company or any other member of the Company Group. Executive hereby agrees that no further action is required by Executive or any of the preceding to make the transitions and resignations provided for in this paragraph effective, but Executive nonetheless agrees to execute any documentation Company reasonably requests at the time to confirm it and to not reassume any such service or position without the written consent of Company. |
| (c) | Except as otherwise required by Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act or any similar federal or state law, benefits shall continue or terminate pursuant to the terms of the applicable benefit plan or agreement, without regard to any continuation of Base Salary or other payment to Executive following such date of termination. |
| (d) | The provisions of this Section 6 shall apply to any termination of employment. Provisions of this Agreement will survive any termination if so provided herein or if necessary or desirable to accomplish the purposes of other surviving provisions, including, without limitation, the obligations of Executive under Section 7 through Section 9. |
| (e) | Any termination of Executive’s employment with Company under this Agreement shall automatically be deemed to be simultaneous resignation of all other positions and titles (including any director positions) that Executive holds with Company and any Affiliate or subsidiary thereof. This Section 6(e) shall constitute a resignation notice for such purposes. |
| (f) | Upon termination of the Executive’s employment or upon the Company’s request at any other time, the Executive will deliver to the Company all of the Company’s property, equipment, and documents, together with all copies thereof, and any other material containing or disclosing any Intellectual Property or Confidential Information and certify in writing that the Executive has fully complied with the foregoing obligation. The Executive agrees that the Executive will not copy, delete, or alter any Company computer equipment information before the Executive returns it to the Company. In addition, if the Executive has used any personal computer, server, or email system to receive, store, review, prepare or transmit any Company information, including but not limited to, Confidential Information, the Executive agrees to provide the Company with a computer-usable copy of all such Confidential Information and then permanently delete and expunge such Confidential Information from those systems; and the Executive agrees to provide the Company access to the Executive’s system as reasonably requested to verify that the necessary copying and/or deletion is completed. |
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| 7. | Confidential Information. |
| (a) | Executive acknowledges that Company continually develops Confidential Information, that Executive may develop Confidential Information for Company and that Executive may learn of Confidential Information during the course of employment with Company. Executive will comply with the policies and procedures of Company for protecting Confidential Information and shall not disclose to any Person or use, other than as required by applicable law, regulation or process or for the proper performance of Executive’s duties and responsibilities to Company, any Confidential Information obtained by Executive incident to Executive’s employment or other association with Company. Executive understands that this restriction shall continue to apply after Executive’s employment terminates, regardless of the reason for such termination. |
| (b) | Notwithstanding anything contained in this Section 7 to the contrary, nothing contained herein shall prevent Executive from disclosing any Confidential Information required by law, subpoena, court order or other legal processes to be disclosed; provided, that, Executive shall give prompt written notice to Company of such requirement, disclose no more information than is so required and cooperate, at Company’s cost and expense, with any attempt by Company to obtain a protective order or similar treatment with respect to such information. |
| (c) | Pursuant to the Defend Trade Secrets Act of 2016, Executive understands that: |
| (i) | Executive may not be held criminally or civilly liable under any federal or state trade secret law for the disclosure of a trade secret that is made in confidence to a federal, state, or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to an attorney and solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or is made in a complaint or other document that is filed under seal in a lawsuit or other proceeding; and |
| (ii) | if Executive files a lawsuit for retaliation by the Company for reporting a suspected violation of law, Executive may disclose the employer’s trade secrets to Executive’s attorney and use the trade secret information in the court proceeding if Executive files any document containing the trade secret under seal and does not disclose the trade secret, except pursuant to court order. |
| 8. | Assignment of Rights to Intellectual Property. Executive shall promptly and fully disclose to Company all Intellectual Property developed for the benefit of Company in the course of Executive’s employment by Company. Executive hereby assigns and agrees to assign to Company (or as otherwise directed by Company) Executive’s full right, title, and interest in and to all such Intellectual Property. Executive agrees to execute any and all applications for domestic and foreign patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights and to do such other acts (including without limitation the execution and delivery of instruments of further assurance or confirmation) requested by Company (at Company’s expense) to assign to Company the Intellectual Property developed for the benefit of Company in the course of Executive’s employment by Company and to permit Company to enforce any patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights to the Intellectual Property. Executive will not charge Company for time spent in complying with these obligations. All copyrightable works that Executive creates developed for the benefit of Company in the course of Executive’s employment by Company shall be considered “work made for hire.” |
| 9. | Restricted Activities. Executive agrees that the restrictions on Executive’s activities during and after Executive’s employment set forth below are necessary to protect the goodwill, Confidential Information and other legitimate interests of Company and its successors and assigns: |
| (a) | During the Term of this Agreement and during the Restricted Period following termination of employment, Executive will not, without the prior written consent of Company, directly or indirectly, and whether as principal or investor or as an Executive, officer, director, manager, partner, consultant, agent, or otherwise, alone or in association with any other Person, firm, corporation, or other business organization, engage or otherwise become involved in a Competing Business (as defined below) in any country in which the Company conducted business during the Term; provided, however, that the provisions of this Section 9 shall apply solely to those activities of a Competing Business which are congruent with those activities with which Executive was personally involved or for which Executive was responsible while employed by the Company or its subsidiaries during the twelve (12) month period preceding termination of Executive’s employment. This Section 9 will not be violated, however, by Executive’s investment of up to $500,000 in the aggregate in one or more publicly-traded companies that engage in a Competing Business. “Competing Business” means a business or enterprise (other than Company or its subsidiaries) engaged in the development and commercialization of therapeutics for malaria or COVID-19 and any other business directly competing with the business of the Company as currently conducted or otherwise conducted by the Company during the Term. “Restricted Period” means twenty-four (24) months. |
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| (b) | During the Term of this Agreement and during the Restricted Period (as defined above), Executive will not engage in any Wrongful Solicitation. A “Wrongful Solicitation” shall be deemed to occur when Executive directly or indirectly (except in the course of Executive’s employment with Company), for the purpose of conducting or engaging in a Competing Business, calls upon, solicits, advises or otherwise does, or attempts to do, business with any Person who is, or was, during the then most recent 12-month period, a customer of Company or any of its subsidiaries, or takes away or interferes or attempts to take away or interfere with any custom, trade, business, patronage or affairs of Company or any of its subsidiaries, or hires or attempts to hire any Person who is, or was during the most recent 12-month period, an Executive, officer, representative or agent of Company or any of its subsidiaries, or solicits, induces, or attempts to solicit or induce any Person who is an Executive, officer, representative or agent of Company or any of its subsidiaries to leave the employ or agency of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or violate the terms of their contract, or any employment consulting or agent agreement, with it. |
| (c) | It is expressly understood and agreed that although Executive and Company consider the restrictions contained in this Section 9 to be reasonable if a court makes a final judicial determination of competent jurisdiction that the time or territory or any other restriction contained in this Agreement is an unenforceable restriction against Executive, the provisions of this Agreement shall not be rendered void but shall be deemed amended to apply as to such maximum time and territory and to such maximum extent as the court may judicially determine or indicate to be enforceable. Alternatively, if any court of competent jurisdiction finds that any restriction contained in this Agreement is unenforceable, and such restriction cannot be amended so as to make it enforceable, such finding shall not affect the enforceability of any of the other restrictions contained herein. |
| (d) | Executive expressly understands that in the event of a violation of any period specified in this Section 9, such period shall be extended by a period of time equal to that period beginning with the commencement of any such violation and ending when such violation shall have been finally terminated in good faith. |
| 10. | Enforcement of Covenants. Executive acknowledges that Executive has carefully read and considered all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the restraints imposed upon Executive pursuant to Sections 7, 8 and 9, and Executive agrees that these restraints are necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of Company and its successors and assigns and that each and every one of the restraints is reasonable in respect to the subject matter, length of time and geographic area. Executive further acknowledges that, were Executive to breach any of the covenants in Section 7, Section 8 and/or Section 9 the damage to the Company would be irreparable. Executive therefore agrees that Company, in addition to any other remedies available to it, shall be entitled to preliminary and permanent injunctive relief against any breach or threatened breach by Executive of any of the covenants herein, without any requirement to post a bond or similar security. The Parties further agree that in the event that any provision of Section 7, Section 8 and/or Section 9 shall be determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area or too great a range of activities, such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. |
| 11. | Definitions. Words or phrases that are initially capitalized or within quotation marks shall have the meanings provided in this Section 11 and as provided elsewhere. For purposes of this Agreement, the following definitions apply: |
| (a) | “$” refers to U.S. Dollars. |
| (b) | “Affiliate” means, with respect to any specified Person, any other Person which directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such specified Person (for the purposes of this definition, “control” (including, with correlative meanings, the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with”), as used with respect to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to either: (i) direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise, or (ii) vote at least fifty percent (50%) or more of the securities having voting power for the election of a majority of the directors (or Persons performing similar functions) of such Person. |
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| (c) | “Cause” means if Executive is discharged by Company on account of the occurrence of one or more of the following events: |
| (i) | Executive’s continued refusal or failure to perform (other than by reason of Disability) Executive’s material duties and responsibilities to Company if such refusal or failure is not cured within thirty (30) days following written notice of such refusal or failure by Company to Executive, or Executive’s continued refusal or failure to follow any reasonable lawful direction of the Board if such refusal or failure is not cured within thirty (30) days following written notice of such refusal or failure by Company to Executive; |
| (ii) | a material breach of this Agreement (other than Section 7, Section 8 and/or Section 9) by Executive that, if capable of being cured, is not cured within thirty (30) days following written notice of such breach by Company to Executive; |
| (iii) | an intentional and material breach of Section 7, Section 8 and/or Section 9 hereof by Executive; |
| (iv) | willful, grossly negligent or unlawful misconduct by Executive which causes material harm to Company or its reputation; |
| (v) | any conduct engaged in by Executive that is materially detrimental to the business or reputation of Company as determined by the Board in good faith using its reasonable business judgment that is not cured within thirty (30) days following written notice from Company to Executive; |
| (vi) | the Company is directed in writing by regulatory or governmental authorities to terminate the employment of Executive or Executive engages in activities that: (i) are not approved or authorized by the Board, and (ii) cause actions to be taken by regulatory or governmental authorities that have a material adverse effect on Company; or |
| (vii) | a conviction, plea of guilty, or plea of nolo contendere by Executive, of or with respect to a criminal offense which is a felony or other crime involving dishonesty, disloyalty, fraud, embezzlement, theft, or similar action(s) (including, without limitation, acceptance of bribes, kickbacks or self-dealing), or the material breach of Executive’s fiduciary duties with respect to Company. |
| (d) | “Change in Control” means the occurrence, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions, of any one or more of the following events: |
| (i) | A transaction or series of transactions (other than an offering of common stock to the general public through a registration statement filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission) whereby any “Person” or related “group” of “persons” (as such terms are used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act) (other than the Company, any of its subsidiaries, an Executive benefit plan maintained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries or a “Person” that, prior to such transaction, directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Company) directly or indirectly acquires beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13(d)(3) under the Exchange Act) of securities of the Company possessing more than fifty percent (50%) of the total combined voting power of the Company’s securities outstanding immediately after such acquisition; |
| (ii) | The consummation by the Company (whether directly involving the Company or indirectly involving the Company through one or more intermediaries) of (x) a merger, consolidation, reorganization, or business combination, or (y) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in any single transaction or series of related transactions: |
| (A) | which results in the Company’s voting securities outstanding immediately before the transaction continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the Company or the Person that, as a result of the transaction, controls, directly or indirectly, the Company or owns, directly or indirectly, all or substantially all of the Company’s assets or otherwise succeeds to the business of the Company (the Company or such Person, the “Successor Entity”) directly or indirectly, at least a majority of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity’s outstanding voting securities immediately after the transaction, and |
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| (B) | after which no Person or group beneficially owns voting securities representing fifty percent (50%) or more of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity; provided, however, that no Person or group shall be treated for purposes of this Section 11(d) as beneficially owning fifty percent (50%) or more of the combined voting power of the Successor Entity solely as a result of the voting power held in the Company prior to the consummation of the transaction. |
A transaction shall not constitute a Change in Control if its sole purpose is to change the State of the Company’s incorporation or to create a holding company that will be owned in substantially the same proportions by the persons who held the Company’s securities immediately before such transaction.
| (e) | “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. |
| (f) | “Company” has the meaning ascribed to it in the preamble of this Agreement. |
| (g) | “Company Group” shall mean the Company together with any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries. |
| (h) | “Compensation Committee” shall mean the committee of the Board designated to make compensation decisions relating to senior executive officers of the Company. |
| (i) | “Confidential Information” means any and all nonpublic information of the Company. Confidential Information includes, without limitation, such information relating to (i) the development, research, testing, manufacturing, marketing, and financial activities of the Company, (ii) the Services, (iii) the costs, sources of supply, financial performance, and strategic and/or business plans of Company, (iv) the identity and special needs of the customers and prospective customers of Company, and (v) the people and organizations with whom Company has business relationships and those relationships. Confidential Information also includes any information that Company has received, or may receive hereafter, belonging to customers or others with any understanding, express or implied, that the information would not be disclosed. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “Confidential Information” does not include (x) any information that is or becomes generally known to the industry or the public through no wrongful act of Executive or any representative of Executive and (y) any information that is made legitimately available to Executive by a third Party without breach of any confidentiality obligation. |
| (j) | “Disability” means Executive’s inability, due to any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature, to substantially perform Executive’s duties and responsibilities hereunder for a period of one hundred twenty (120) consecutive days, or for any one hundred and eighty (180) days during any period of three hundred and sixty-five (365) consecutive calendar days, exclusive of any leave Executive may take under the Family and Medical Leave Act, 29 U.S.C. § 12101 et seq. (“FMLA”) or as a reasonable accommodation under the Americans with Disabilities Act, 29 U.S.C. § 2601 et seq. (“ADA”). |
| (k) | “Final Compensation” means the amount equal to the sum of: (i) the Base Salary earned but not paid through the date of termination of employment, payable not later than the next scheduled payroll date, (ii) any business and related expenses and allowances incurred by Executive or to which Executive is entitled under Section 4(f) but unreimbursed on the date of termination of employment; provided that with respect to business expenses unreimbursed under Section 4(f), such expenses and required substantiation and documentation are submitted within one hundred eighty (180) days of termination in the case of termination on account of Executive’s death, or thirty (30) days on account of termination for any reason other than death, and that such expenses are reimbursable under Company’s applicable reimbursement policy, and (iii) any other supplemental compensation, insurance, retirement or other benefits due and payable or otherwise required to be provided under Section 4 in accordance with the terms and conditions of the applicable plan or agreement. |
| (l) | “Good Reason” means, without Executive’s express written consent: (i) a material reduction in the Base Salary, then in effect, except a material diminution generally affecting all of the members of the Company’s management, (ii) a material reduction in job title, position or responsibility, (iii) a material breach of any term or condition contained in this Agreement, or (iv) a relocation of Executive’s principal worksite that is more than fifty (50) miles from Executive’s principal worksite as of the Effective Date. However, none of the foregoing events or conditions will constitute “Good Reason” unless (i) Executive provides Company with written notice of the existence of Good Reason within ninety (90) days following the occurrence thereof, (ii) Company does not reverse or otherwise cure the event or condition within thirty (30) days of receiving that written notice, and (iii) Executive resigns Executive’s employment within thirty (30) days following the expiration of that cure period. |
| 11 |
| (m) | “Intellectual Property” means inventions, discoveries, developments, methods, processes, compositions, works, concepts and ideas (whether or not patentable or copyrightable or constituting trade secrets) conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by Executive (whether alone or with others, whether or not during normal business hours or on or off Company premises) during Executive’s employment that relate to either the Services or any prospective activity of Company or that make use of Confidential Information or any of the equipment or facilities of Company. |
| (n) | “Person” means an individual, a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a partnership, an estate, a trust, and any other entity or organization other than Company. |
| (o) | “Sale of Company” means the sale of Company to an independent third Party or group of independent third Parties pursuant to which such Party or Parties acquire: (i) equity interests possessing the voting power under normal circumstances to elect a majority of the Board of Directors or similar governing body of Company (whether by merger, consolidation or sale or transfer of such equity interests), or (ii) all or substantially all of Company’s assets determined on a consolidated basis. |
| (p) | “Services” means all services planned, researched, developed, tested, manufactured, sold, licensed, leased or otherwise distributed or put into use by Company, together with all products provided or planned by Company, during Executive’s employment. |
| (q) | “Severance Period” shall mean that number of years or partial years following termination of Executive’s employment equal to the number of years or partial years of Base Salary that the Executive receives under Section 5(f).. |
| (r) | “Term End Date” shall mean the last day of the Term of this Employment Agreement. |
| 12. | Withholding. All payments made by Company under this Agreement may be reduced by any tax or other amounts required to be withheld by Company under applicable law or by any amounts authorized in writing by Executive. |
| 13. | Assignment. Neither Company nor Executive may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest herein, by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other; provided, however, that Company may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without the consent of Executive in the event of a Sale of Company. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon Company and Executive, their respective successors, executors, administrators, heirs and permitted assigns. |
| 14. | Compliance with Code Section 409A. |
| (a) | Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement to the contrary, Executive’s employment will be deemed to have terminated on the date of Executive “separation from service” (within the meaning of Treas. Reg. Section 1.409A-1(h)) with Company. |
| (b) | It is intended that this Agreement will comply with Section 409A of the Code, and any regulations and guideline issued thereunder (“Section 409A”) to the extent that any compensation and benefits provided hereunder constitute deferred compensation subject to Section 409A. This Agreement shall be interpreted on a basis consistent with this intent. The Parties will negotiate in good faith to amend this Agreement as necessary to comply with Section 409A in a manner that preserves the original intent of the Parties to the extent reasonably possible. No action or failure to act, pursuant to this Section 14 shall subject Company to any claim, liability, or expense, and Company shall not have any obligation to indemnify or otherwise protect Executive from the obligation to pay any taxes pursuant to Section 409A of the Code. |
| (c) | For purposes of the application of Treas. Reg. § 1.409A-1(b)(4)(or any successor provision), each payment in a series of payments will be deemed a separate payment. |
| 12 |
| (d) | Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if any amount or benefit that would constitute non-exempt “deferred compensation” for purposes of Section 409A of the Code would otherwise be payable or distributable under this Agreement by reason of Executive’s separation from service during a period in which Executive is a “specified Executive” (as defined under Code Section 409A and the final regulations thereunder), then, subject to any permissible acceleration of payment by Company under Treas. Reg. Section 1.409A-3(j)(4)(ii) (domestic relations order), (j)(4)(iii) (conflicts of interest), or (j)(4)(vi) (payment of employment taxes): |
| (i) | if the payment or distribution is payable in a lump sum, the Executive’s right to receive payment or distribution of such non-exempt deferred compensation will be delayed until the earlier of Executive’s death or the first day of the seventh month following Executive’s separation from service; and |
| (ii) | if the payment or distribution is payable over time, the amount of such non-exempt deferred compensation that would otherwise be payable during the six months immediately following Executive’s separation from service will be accumulated, and the Executive’s right to receive payment or distribution of such accumulated amount will be delayed until the earlier of Executive’s death or the first day of the seventh month following Executive’s separation from service, whereupon the accumulated amount will be paid or distributed to Executive and the normal payment or distribution schedule for any remaining payments or distributions will resume. |
This Section 14(d) should not be construed to prevent the application of Treas. Reg § 1.409A-1(b)(9)(iii)(or any successor provision) to amounts payable hereunder (or any portion thereof).
| 15. | Golden Parachute Limitation. Notwithstanding anything in this Section or elsewhere in this Agreement to the contrary, in the event the payments and benefits payable hereunder to or on behalf of Executive (which the Parties agree will not include any portion of payments allocated to the non-competition and non-solicitation provisions of Section 9) that are classified as payments of reasonable compensation for purposes of Section 280G of the Code, when added to all other amounts and benefits payable to or on behalf of Executive, would result in the loss of a deduction under Code Section 280G, or the imposition of an excise tax under Code Section 4999, the amounts and benefits payable hereunder shall be reduced to such extent as may be necessary to avoid such loss of deduction or imposition of excise tax. In applying this principle, the reduction shall be made in a manner consistent with the requirements of Code Section 409A and where two or more economically equivalent amounts are subject to reduction, but payable at different times, such amounts shall be reduced on a pro-rata basis. All calculations required to be made under this subsection will be made by the Company’s independent public accountants, subject to the right of Executive’s professional advisors to review the same. The Parties recognize that the actual implementation of the provisions of this subsection are complex and agree to deal with each other in good faith to resolve any questions or disagreements arising hereunder. |
| 16. | Successors. |
| (a) | Company’s Successors. Subject to Section 5(f),, any successor to the Company (whether direct or indirect and whether by purchase, merger, consolidation, liquidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the Company’s business and/or assets shall assume the obligations under this Agreement and agree expressly to perform the obligations under this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent as the Company would be required to perform such obligations in the absence of a succession. For all purposes under this Agreement, the term “Company” shall include any successor to the Company’s business and/or assets which executes and delivers the assumption agreement described in this Section 16 or which becomes bound by the terms of this Agreement by operation of law. |
| (b) | Executive’s Successors. The terms of this Agreement and all rights of Executive hereunder shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, Executive’s personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees |
| 17. | Clawback Provisions. Any amounts payable under this Agreement are subject to any policy (whether in existence as of the Effective Date or later adopted) established by the Company providing for clawback or recovery of amounts that were paid to the Executive. The Company will make any determination for clawback or recovery in its sole discretion and in accordance with any applicable law or regulation. |
| 13 |
| 18. | Indemnification. Company will indemnify Executive to the fullest extent permitted by law, for all amounts (including, without limitation, judgments, fines, settlement payments, expenses and reasonable out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees) incurred or paid by Executive in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding, or threatened action, suit, investigation or proceeding, arising out of or relating to the performance by Executive of services for, or the acting by Executive as a director, officer or Executive of, Company, or any subsidiary of Company. Any fees or other necessary expenses incurred by Executive in defending any such action, suit, investigation or proceeding shall be paid by Company in advance, subject to Company’s right to seek repayment from Executive if a determination is made that Executive was not entitled to indemnification. |
| 19. | Severability. If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such portion or provision in the circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law. |
| 20. | Waiver. No waiver of any provision hereof shall be effective unless made in writing and signed by the waiving Party. The failure of either Party to require the performance of any term or obligation of this Agreement, or the waiver by either Party of any breach of this Agreement, shall not prevent any subsequent enforcement of such term or obligation or be deemed a waiver of any subsequent breach. |
| 21. | Survival. Section 6 through and including Section 32 shall survive and continue in full force in accordance with their terms notwithstanding the termination of Executive’s employment (and hence the Term of this Agreement) for any reason. |
| 22. | Notices. Any and all notices, requests, demands and other communications provided for by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be effective when delivered in Person, with respect to notices delivered personally, or upon confirmed receipt when delivered by facsimile or deposited with a reputable, nationally recognized overnight courier service and addressed or faxed to Executive at Executive’s last known address on the books of Company or, in the case of Company, at its principal place of business, attention: Secretary, Board of Directors. |
| 23. | Entire Agreement. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the Parties (including with respect to Company, its successors and assigns) with respect to Executive’s employment and supersedes all prior communications, agreements and understandings, written or oral, with respect to the terms and conditions of Executive’s employment. |
| 24. | Amendment. This Agreement may be amended or modified only by a written instrument signed by Executive and by an expressly authorized representative of Company. |
| 25. | Headings. The headings and captions in this Agreement are for convenience only and in no way define or describe the scope or content of any provision of this Agreement. |
| 26. | Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. Furthermore, the delivery of a copy of such signature by facsimile transmission or other electronic exchange methodology shall constitute a valid and binding execution and delivery of this Agreement by such Party, and such electronic copy shall constitute an enforceable original document. Counterpart signatures need not be on the same page and shall be deemed effective upon receipt. |
| 27. | Additional Obligations. Without implication that the contrary would otherwise be true, Executive’s obligations under Section 7, Section 8 and Section 9 are in addition to, and not in limitation of, any obligations that Executive may have under applicable law (including any law regarding trade secrets, duty of loyalty, fiduciary duty, unfair competition, unjust enrichment, slander, libel, conversion, misappropriation and fraud). |
| 28. | Attorneys’ Fees. In any action or proceeding brought to enforce any provision of this Agreement, the prevailing Party shall be entitled to recover reasonable attorneys’ fees, costs, and expenses from the other Party to the action or proceeding. For purposes of this Agreement, the “prevailing Party” shall be deemed to be that Party who obtains substantially the result sought, whether by settlement, mediation, judgment or otherwise, and “attorneys’ fees” shall include, without limitation, the reasonable out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees incurred in retaining counsel for advice, negotiations, suit, appeal or other legal proceeding, including mediation and arbitration. |
| 29. | Confidentiality. The Parties acknowledge and agree that this Agreement and each of its provisions are and shall be treated strictly confidential. During the Term and thereafter, Executive shall not disclose any terms of this Agreement to any Person or entity without the prior written consent of Company, with the exception of Executive’s tax, legal or accounting advisors or for legitimate business purposes of Executive, or as otherwise required by law. |
| 14 |
| 30. | No Rule of Construction. This Agreement shall be construed to be neither against nor in favor of any Party hereto based upon any Party’s role in drafting this Agreement, but rather in accordance with the fair meaning hereof. |
| 31. | Governing Law. The validity, interpretation, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the state of Florida. |
| 32. | WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EXECUTIVE AND THE COMPANY EXPRESSLY WAIVE ANY RIGHT EITHER MAY HAVE TO A JURY TRIAL CONCERNING ANY CIVIL ACTION THAT MAY ARISE FROM THIS AGREEMENT OR THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE PARTIES HERETO. |
| 33. | Conditions. This Agreement and the Executive’s continued employment hereunder is conditional on the Company’s satisfaction (determined in the Company’s sole discretion) that the Executive has met the legal requirements to perform the Executive’s role, including but not limited to satisfactory results of a background and/or credit search or any other applicable security clearance checks and criminal record checks and other reference checks that the Company performs. The Executive acknowledges and agrees that in signing this Agreement, and providing the Company with the necessary documentation to perform the checks required for the Executive’s role and with references, the Executive is providing consent to the Company or its agent, to performs such checks and contact the references the Executive provided to the Company. |
| 34. | Prior Restrictions. By signing below, the Executive represents that the Executive is not bound by the terms of any agreement with any Person which restricts in any way the Executive’s hiring by the Company and the performance of the Executive’s expected job duties; the Executive also represents that, during the Executive’s employment with the Company, the Executive shall not disclose or make use of any confidential information of any other persons or entities in violation of any of their applicable policies or agreements and/or applicable law. |
| 35. | Independent Legal Counsel. By signing below, the Executive hereby acknowledges that the Executive has been encouraged to obtain independent legal advice regarding the execution of this Agreement, and that the Executive has either obtained such advice or voluntarily chosen not to do so, and hereby waives any objections or claims the Executive may make resulting from any failure on the Executive’s part to obtain such advice. |
| 36. | Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original when executed, but all of which taken together shall constitute the same Agreement. Delivery of an executed counterpart of a signature page to this Agreement by electronic transmission, including in portable document format (.pdf), shall be deemed as effective as delivery of an original executed counterpart of this Agreement. |
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
| 15 |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed by Company (by its duly authorized representative) and by Executive, as of the date first above written.
| 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals Inc. | |||
| By: | /s/ Geoff Dow | ||
| Name: | Geoff Dow | ||
| Title: | CEO | ||
| EXECUTIVE: | |
| /s/ Tyrone Miller |
| 16 |
EXHIBIT A
Release of Claims
FOR AND IN CONSIDERATION OF the benefits to be provided me in connection with the termination of my employment, as set forth in that certain Employment Agreement, dated as of_______, 2022 (the “Agreement”), between me and 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals Inc. (the “Company”), or under any severance pay plan applicable to me, which benefits are conditioned on my signing this Release of Claims and to which I am not otherwise entitled, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, I, on my own behalf and on behalf of my heirs, executors, administrators, beneficiaries, representatives and assigns, and all others connected with me, hereby release and forever discharge Company and any of its subsidiaries and Affiliates (as that term is defined in Section 11(b) of the Agreement) and all of their respective past, present and future officers, directors, trustees, equity holders, Executives, agents, managers, joint venturers, representatives, successors and assigns, and all others connected with any of them (collectively, the “Released Parties”), both individually and in their official capacities, from any and all causes of action, rights and claims of any type or description, known or unknown, which I have had in the past, now have, or might now have, through the date of my signing of this Release of Claims, in any way resulting from, arising out of or connected with my employment by the Company or any of its Affiliates or the termination of that employment, including, but not limited to, any allegation, claim or violation arising under: Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended; the Civil Rights Act of 1991; the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended (including the Older Worker Benefit Protection Act); the Equal Pay Act of 1963, as amended; the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990; the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993; the Worker Adjustment Retraining and Notification Act; Executive Retirement Income Security Act of 1974; the Fair Labor Standards Act; any applicable Executive Orders; or their state or local counterparts; or under any other federal, state or local civil or human rights law, or under any other federal, state or local law, regulation or ordinance; or under any public policy, contract or tort, or under common law; or arising under any policies, practices or procedures of the Company; or any claim for wrongful discharge, breach of contract, intentional infliction of emotional distress or defamation; or any claim for costs, fees or other expenses, including attorneys’ fees incurred in these matters (all of the foregoing collectively referred to herein as “Claims”), other than (i) the right to payment of any vested or accrued benefits under any supplemental compensation, insurance, retirement and/or other benefit plan or agreement applicable to Executive, (ii) the right to payment of any amounts owed to me by Company pursuant to Section 5 of the Agreement, (iii) any rights under applicable workers compensation or unemployment compensation laws, (iv) any rights that survive termination of my employment pursuant to an option grant agreement or certificate to purchase the Company’s (or an Affiliate’s) capital stock, (v) any rights with respect to the Company’s (or an Affiliate’s) capital stock owned by Executive, or (vi) any rights to indemnification under the Agreement, the Company’s by-laws or any other applicable law.
In signing this Release of Claims, I acknowledge my understanding that I may not sign it prior to the termination of my employment, but that I may consider the terms of this Release of Claims for up to twenty-one (21) days (or such longer period as the Company may specify) from the later of the date my employment with the Company terminates or the date I receive this Release of Claims. I also acknowledge that I am advised by the Company and its Affiliates to seek the advice of an attorney prior to signing this Release of Claims; that I have had sufficient time to consider this Release of Claims and to consult with an attorney, if I wished to do so, or to consult with any other Person of my choosing before signing; and that I am signing this Release of Claims voluntarily and with a full understanding of its terms.
I represent that I have not filed against the Released Parties any complaints, charges, or lawsuits arising out of my employment, or any other matter arising on or prior to the date of this Release of Claims, and covenant and agree that I will never individually or with any Person file, or commence the filing of, any charges, lawsuits, complaints or proceedings with any governmental agency, or against the Released Parties with respect to any of the matters released by me pursuant to this Release of Claims.
| A-1 |
I further acknowledge that, in signing this Release of Claims, I have not relied on any promises or representations, express or implied, that are not set forth expressly in the Agreement. I understand that I may revoke this Release of Claims at any time within seven (7) days of the date of my signing by written notice to the Secretary, Board of Directors of the Company (or such other Person as the Company may specify by notice to me given in accordance with the Agreement) and that this Release of Claims will take effect only upon the expiration of such seven-day revocation period and only if I have not timely revoked it.
Intending to be legally bound, I have signed this Release of Claims as of the date written below.
| Signature: | /s/ Ty Miller | |
| Name: | Ty Miller | |
| Date Signed: | 1/12/2023 |
| A-2 |
Exhibit 10.24
600 PHARMACEUTICALS,LLC
SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
WITH
Avante International Limited
October 11, 2017
NOTICE TO INVESTORS
FOR RESIDENTS OF ALL STATES AND THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA:
THIS OFFERING IS BEING MADE SOLELY TO “ACCREDITED INVESTORS,” AS SUCH TERM IS DEFINED INRULE 501 OF REGULATION D UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT. THE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE AND WILL BE OFFERED AND SOLD IN RELIANCE ON THE EXEMPTION FROM REGISTRATION AFFORDED BY SECTION 4(2) AND REGUlATION D (RULE 506) OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND CORRESPONDING PROVISIONS OF STATE SECURITIES LAWS.
THE SECURITIES ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTION ON TRANSFERABILITY AND RESALE AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OR RESOLD EXCEPT AS PERMITTED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT AND STATE LAW, PURSUANT TO REGISTRATION THEREUNDER OR EXEMPTION THEREFROM. INVESTORS SHOULD BE AWARE THAT THEY WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE FINANCIAL RISKS OF THIS INVESTMENT FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
THE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SEC, ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION OR ANY OTHER REGULATORY AUTHORITY, NOR HAVE ANY OF THE FOREGOING AUTHORITIES PASSED UPON OR ENDORSED THE MERITS OF THIS OFFERING OR THE ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS OR ADEQUACY OF THIS MEMORANDUM. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS UNLAWFUL.
| i |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | |||
| l | Issuance, Purchase and Sale of the Note | 1 | |
| 1.1 | Purchase and Sale | 1 | |
| 1.2 | The Closing | 1 | |
| 1.3 | Investor Rights | 2 | |
| 2 | Representations and Warranties of Company | 2 | |
| 2 1 | Organization; Authority | 2 | |
| 2.2 | No Conflicts | 3 | |
| 2.3 | Capitalization | 3 | |
| 2 4 | Business/Financial Projections | 3 | |
| 2.5 | Litigation | 3 | |
| 2.6 | Taxes | 3 | |
| 2.7 | Intellectual Property | 3 | |
| 2.8 | Contracts and Commitments | 4 | |
| 2.9 | Compliance with Law | 4 | |
| 2.10 | Employee Matters | 4 | |
| 2.11 | Debts and Security Interests | 4 | |
| 2.12 | Business | 4 | |
| 3 | Representations of Investors | 5 | |
| 3.1 | Qmanization of Investor; Authorization | 5 | |
| 3.2 | No Conflict as to Investor | 5 | |
| 3.3 | Investment Intent | 5 | |
| 3.4 | Reliance upon Investor’s Representation | 5 | |
| 3.5 | Investment Experience | 6 | |
| 3.6 | Restricted Securities | 7 | |
| 37 | Legends | 8 | |
| 3.8 | Financial Books and Records | 8 | |
| 3.9 | Reliance | 8 | |
| 4. | Representations to Continue in Effect; Indemnification | 8 | |
| 4.1 | Continued Effect | 8 | |
| 4.2 | Indemnification by Company | 9 | |
| 4.3 | Indemnification by Investor | 9 | |
| 5. | Conditions to Closing of Investors | 9 | |
| 5.1 | Conditions to Closing | 9 | |
| 6. | Conditions to Closing of Company | 9 | |
| 7. | Use of Proceeds | 10 | |
| 8. | Notices | 10 | |
| 9. | Miscellaneous | 10 | |
| 9.1 | Expenses | 10 | |
| 9.2 | Captions | 11 | |
| 9.3 | No Waiver | 11 | |
| 9.4 | Exclusive Agreement; Amendment | 11 | |
| 9.5 | Counterparts | 11 | |
| 9.6 | Governing Law | 11 | |
| 2 |
| 9.7 | Attorney’s Fees | 11 | |
| 9.8 | Designation of Forum and Consent to Jurisdiction | 11 | |
| 9.9 | Waiver of Jury Trial | 11 | |
| 9.10 | No Assignment | 11 | |
| 9 11 | General Cooperation | 12 | |
| 10. | Definitions | 12 | |
APPENDICES:
EXHIBIT A.
Form of Note
| iii |
SUBSCRIPTION AGREEMENT
This Subscription Agreement (this “Agreement”) is made as of October II, 2017 (the “Effective Date”), by and between The 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC., a limited liability company organized and operating in Washington, District of Columbia, USA (the “Company”), and Avante International Limited, a family company based in Hong Kong, (“Investor”).
RECITALS
A. The Company is engaged in development and commercialization of drugs to treat and prevent tropical diseases.
B. The Company desires to issue and sell to Investor, and Investor desires to purchase, an unsecured non-convertible promissory note of the Company in the form as the attached EXHIBIT A (the “Note”), pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Note of even date herewith.
D. The capitalized terms used herein without definition have the meanings ascribed thereto in Section 10 hereof.
AGREEMENT
In consideration of the premises and the mutual promises and covenants herein contained, the sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:
1. Issuance, Purchase and Sale of the Note.
1.1 Purchase and Sale.
(a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Investor hereby agrees to purchase from Company, and Company agrees to issue and sell to Investor, the Notes at a price of Seven Hundred and Fifty Thousand Dollars($ 750,000.00).
(b) In consideration of the foregoing issuance and sale of the Note, Investor agrees to pay to Company the sum of Seven Hundred and Fifty Thousand Dollars ($750,000.00) (the “Purchase Price”) as provided in Section 1.2 below.
1.2 The Closing.
(a) Investor shall purchase from the Company, and the Company shall issue and sell to Investor, the Note as set forth in Section 1. l(a) above. The Purchase Price for the Note shall be paid by Investor in one lump sum payment, without notice, demand, deduction or offset, by ACH, wire transfer or check to the bank account of the Company at B11nk of America. The Note is issued and sold as part of an offering of convertible and non-convertible promissory notes in the aggregate principal amount of up to $2,500,000 (the “Offering”).
| 1 |
(b) Place. The purchase and sale of the Note (hereinafter referred to as a “Closing”) shall take place once all documents are signed and delivered to the Company’s legal counsel, C. Thomas Hicks III, at DiMuro Ginsberg, PC, t 101 King Street, Suite 610, Alexandria, Virginia 22314. If Investor fails to pay the Purchase Price after all such documents
are signed and delivered as set out above then this Agreement shall terminate immediately. Upon such termination Investor’s right to purchase the Note shall be null and void and Investor s hall reimburse the Company within three (3) calendar days following the Company’s written demand for such reimbursement, for all reasonable out-of.pocket costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) incurred by or on behalf of the Company in connection with this Agreement and the sale of the Note contemplated herein.
(c) Deliveries at Closing. Promptly following the Closing but not later than thirty (30) calendar days, subject to receipt of the Purchase Price, the Company shall deliver to Investor documentation reflecting the purchased Note has been reflected in the Company’s electronic record-keeping of its debt. The Note shall be subject to the rights and conditions set forth in Sections 1.3, ll and hereof.
1.3 Investor Rights to information. Investor will have access, upon written request, to regularly prepared financial statements, Company Manager and Member resolutions and access to the Company’s Manager, Geoffrey S. Dow or his successor(s,) with reasonable notice at reasonable times at the Company’s principal place of business, on a best efforts basis, except that access to information which is confidential under third-party contract and/or Company research and development and other proprietary information will not be accessible. Investor herby agrees that in the event any confidential and/or proprietary information is provided to or learned by Investor, such information shall be kept strictly confidential by Investor and may not disclosed, disseminated, distributed, divulged, used or reproduced in any manner without the prior written consent of the Company, which consent may be withheld in the Company’s sole discretion.
2. Representations and Warranties of Company. Company represents and warrants to Investor as follows:
2.1 0rW}i7,ation; Authority. Company is a limited liability company duly organized and validly existing under the laws of Washington, District of Columbia, USA, with full company power and authority to execute, deliver and perfom1 this Agreement, to conduct the Business, to own its properties and to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. The Company was fanned on September 9, 2010, and since the time of its formation has not owned any assets not related to the Business or engaged in any business other than the Business . This Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary actions of Company and its members and the Manager and constitutes legal, valid and binding obligations of Company , enforceable against it in accordance with their respective teams, except (i) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, and (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief, or other equitable remedies.
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2.2 No Conflicts . Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor performance by the Company of any or all of the transactions contemplated hereby will violate, conflict with, or give rise to any termination right under (a) any provision of the Articles of Organization, as amended, or the Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of the Company, (b) any material agreement or commitment to which Company is a party, or (c) any law, rule , regulation or order of any court or other Governmental Agency applicable to Company.
2.3 Business/Financial Projections/RISK FACTORS. The Company has provided Investor with a briefing document describing in general the Business and the non convertible note investment opportunity. However, Investor acknowledges and agrees that such briefing document provided to Investor in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder contains forward looking statements concerning future events that involve material risks and uncertainty, including that. if for any reason. including insufficient available funds, the Company is unable to obtain United States Food and Drug Administration confirmation of the Borrower’s eligibility for a New Drug Application for a tafenoquine prophylactic antimalarial drug and/or there is no PRV Voucher Presale or Priority Voucher Sale, the remaining Note proceeds shall be applied to other drug development projects of the Company. Other financial risks may apply, and Investor is responsible for doing its own due diligence and investigation as to any additional risk factors prior to making this investment.
2.5 Litigation. There is no litigation or governmental or administrative proceeding or, to the knowledge of the Company, any investigation pending or threatened against the Company or affecting the properties or assets of the Company, or, as to matters related to the Company, against any member, manager or key employee of the Company, nor, to the knowledge of the Company (a) bas any material event occurred, or (b) does any material condition exist, on the basis of which any such claim may be asserted.
2.6 - .. The Company has filed on a timely basis all Tax Returns required to be filed on or before the date hereof pursuant to all applicable laws or regulations of each Governmental Agency having jurisdiction over it. AJl Taxes that Company has been required by law to withhold or collect have been duly withheld or collected and paid or will be timely paid to the proper Governmental Agency. All Tax Returns filed by Company are true, complete and complete in all material respects.
2.7 Intellectual Property.
(a) As of the time of the execution of this Agreement, the Company has the right to use all of the intellectual property which is used by the Company in the Business . Details regarding intellectual property used by the Company are available upon request from the Manager, provided that this does not violate confidentiality provisions of third party agreements, or reveal trade secrets.
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2.8 Contracts and Commitments. All of the material contracts to which the Company is a party are valid, binding, in full force and effect in all material respects and enforceable by Company in accordance with their respective terms in all material respects, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium. and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally. The Company is not in default under any of the material contracts and no other party to any of the material contracts is in default thereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby will not conflict with or result in any violation or default under, or give rise to a right of termination, contract. cancellation or acceleration under any material
2.9 Compliance with Law.
(a) The operations of the Company have been conducted in accordance with, and the Company is in compliance with, all applicable laws and regulations. The Company has not received any notification of any asserted present or past failure to comply with any such law or regulation.
(b) All of the Company’s books and records are complete and correct in all material respects, and are available to Investor for inspection and review at the Company’s principal place of business.
2.10 Employee Matters. The Company is in compliance with all applicable laws and regulations (including those of the United States) respecting labor, employment, fair employment practices, terms and conditions of employment. and wages and hours, except for violations, individually or in the aggregate, which are not reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect.
2.l l Debts and Security Interests. The company is subject to the repayment of approximately $6,7000,000 in loan principal plus accrued interest to Knight Therapeutics (Barbados), Inc.• and to $1,596,750 in notes payable to Geoffrey S. Dow. The company also has three convertible notes outstanding to Geoffrey Dow ($377,000), Tyrone Miller ($20,000) and Douglas Loock ($32,000).
2.12 Business. Company is not engaged in any business or operations other than the Business and associated events and activities.
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3 Representations of lnvestor. Investor hereby represents to Company as follows as to itself:
3.1 Organization of Investor; Authorization. This Agreement constitutes the legal. valid and binding obligations of Investor , enforceable against him in accordance with their terms except (i) as limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, and other laws of general application affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, and (ii) as limited by laws relating to the availability of specific performance, injunctive relief, or other equitable remedies.
3.2 No Conflict as to Investor. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Investor nor the performance of (investor’s obligations hereunder will violate (a) any material agreement or commitment to which Investor is a party or (c) any law or order of any court or other Governmental Agency applicable to Investor.
3.3 Investment Intent. This Agreement is made with Investor in reliance upon Investor’ s representation to Company, which by Investor’s execution of this Agreement Investor hereby confirms, that the Note to be purchased by and issued to Investor (collectively, the “Securities”) will be acquired for investment for Investor’s own account, not as a nominee or agent, and not with a view to the resale or distribution of any part thereof, and that Investor has no present intention of selling, granting any participation in, or otherwise distributing the same. By executing this Agreement, Investor hereby further represents that Investor does not have any contract, undertaking, agreement or arrangement with any person to sell. transfer or grant participations to such person or to any third person, with respect to any of the Securities.
3.4 Reliance upon Investor’s Representations. Investor understands that the Note is not registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "1933 Act").· Investor hereby acknowledges that the Note has not been reviewed by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("the SEC") because of Company's representations that this is intended to be a nonpublic offering pursuant to Sections 4(2) and 4(6) of the Act and Regulation D promulgated thereunder, as wen as under exemptions provided for in state laws. Investor represents that the Note is being purchased for his/ her/its own account, for investment and not for distribution or resale to others. Investor agrees that he or she will not transfer, sell, or otherwise dispose of the Note unless it is registered under the Act or unless an exemption from such registration is available.
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3.5 Investment. Investor acknowledges this purchase of the Note is suitable only for highly sophisticated "accredited investors" (as defined below) and that the Company has no independently audited financial statements and full and complete disclosure concerning its financial condition cannot therefore be made. The Company is an early development stage company and has no significant revenues or earnings to date. The purchase of the Note involves a high degree of risk and only investors who can withstand a complete loss of their investment should consider investing in the Company. In this regard, Investor represents that Investor is experienced in evaluating and investing in private placement transactions of securities of companies in a similar stage of development and acknowledges that Investor is able to fend for itself, can bear the economic risk of Investor's investment, and has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that Investor is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of the investment in the Note. In furtherance of Investor's due diligence in evaluating the merits and risks of this investment in the Note, Investor represents that Investor has had full and complete access to all documents containing certain organizational, business and financial information about the Company as well as the right to ask for and receive additional information from the Company's management, which Investor has either requested and received, or [investor has chosen to not ask for after the opportunity to review any such information or requests for information with Investor's counsel and/or advisors. Investor specifically represents and wants to the Company the following:
(a) Investor is not an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (hereinafter. the "1940 Act"), or a company that is excluded from the definition of an investment company solely by reason of the provisions of Sections 3(c)(l) or 3(cX7) of the 1940 Act;
(b) Investor has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that he/she/it is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in the Company and the capacity to protect his/her/its interest in connection with the proposed investment in the Company and bas obtained, in his/her/its judgment, sufficient information from the Company to evaluate the merits and risks of such investment;
(c) Investor is acquiring the Note for his/her/its own account, for investment purposes only and not with a view toward distribution or resale of the Note in whole or in part; and
(d) Investor represents that he/she/it is an "accredited investor" as such term is defined in Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Act"). The definition of "accredited investor" includes, but is not limited to, the following:
(i) A bank, insurance company, registered investment
company, business development company, or small business investment company;
{ii) An employee benefit plan, within the meaning of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, if a bank, insurance company, or registered investment adviser makes the investment decisions, or if the plan has total assets in excess of $5 million;
(iii) A charitable organization, corporation, or partnership with
assets exceeding $5 million;
(iv) A director, executive officer, or general partner of the company selling the securities
(v) A business in which all the equity owners are accredited investors;
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(vi) A natural person who bas individual net worth, or joint net worth with the person's spouse, that exceeds $1 million at the time of the purchase, excluding the value of the primary residence of such person;
(vii} A natural person with income exceeding $200,000 in each of the two most recent years or joint in me with a spouse: exceeding $300,000 for those years and a reasonable expectation of the same income level in the current year; or
(viii) A trust with assets in excess of $5 million, not formed to acquire the securities offered, whose purchases a sophisticated person makes.
3.6 Restricted Securities. Investor understands that the Note may not be sold, transferred. or otherwise disposed of without registration under the 1933 Act or an exemption therefrom, and that in the absence of an effective registration statement covering tile Note or an available exemption from registration wider the 1933 Act, the Note must be held indefinitely. In particular, Investor is aware that the Note may not be sold pursuant to Rule 144 promulgated under the 1933 Act unless all of the conditions of that Rule are met. Among the conditions for use of Rule 144 may be the availability of current information to the public about the Company. Such information is not now available and the Company has no present plans to make such information available. In this connection, Investor represents that he/she/it is familiar with and understands the resale limitations imposed by Rule 144 under the 1933 Act.
Investor acknowledges that the Note has not been registered under the Act by reason of a claimed exemption under the provisions of the Act that depends, in part, upon his investment intention. Investor understands that, if the Note is sold in the United States or to United States residents, it is the position of the SEC that the statutory basis for such exemption would not be present if his/ her/its representation merely meant that his/her/its present intention was to hold the Note for a short period, for a deferred sale, for a market rise, or for any other fixed period. Investor realizes that, in the view of the SEC, a purchase now with an intent to resell would represent a purchase with an intent inconsistent with his/ her/its representation to the Company, and the SEC might regard such a sale, transfer, or other disposition as a deferred sale for which the exemption is not available.
Investor agrees that the Company may, if it desires, permit the transfer of the Note by Investor out of his/ her/its name only when his or her request for transfer is accompanied by an opinion of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Company that the proposed sale, transfer, or disposition does not result in a violation of the Act or any applicable state or province "blue sky" laws (collectively "S securities Laws.") Investor agrees to hold the Company and its directors, officers, controlling persons, and their respective heirs, representatives, successors and assigns harmless to indemnify them against all liabilities, costs and expenses incurred by them as a result of any sale, transfer, or disposition of the Note by the undersigned Investor in violation of any Securities Laws or misrepresentation herein.
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Investor acknowledges and agrees that the Company is relying on Investor's representations contained in this Agreement in determining whether to accept this subscription. Investor agrees that the Company has the unrestricted right to reject or limit any subscription and to cl9se the offer at any time.
Investor represents and warrants that all representations made by Investor hereunder are true and correct in all material respects as of the date of execution hereof: and Investor further agrees that until the closing on the Note subscribed for he shall inform the Company immediately of any changes in any of the representations provided by Investor herein.
3.7 Legends. To the extent applicable, each document (whether electronic or on paper) evidencing the Note shall be endorsed with a legend substantially in the form set forth below:
'TIIB NOTE REPRESENTED HEREBY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, AND MAY NOT BE SOLD, TRANSFERRED, ASSIGNED, PLEDGED, OR HYPOTHECATED UNLESS AND UNTIL REGISTERED UNDER SUCH ACT, OR UNLESS THE COMPANY HAS RECE£VED AN OPINION OF COUNSEL OR OTHER EVIDENCE, SATISFACTORY TO TIIE COMPANY AND ITS COUNSEL, THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED."
3.8 Financial Books and Records. Investor acknowledges that he/she/it has had the opportunity to review the Company's financial books and records but Investor understands and acknowledges that the Company has no independently audited financial statements and full and complete disclosure concerning its financial condition cannot therefore be made.
3.9 Reliance. The foregoing representations and warranties are made by Investor with the knowledge and expectation that the Company is placing reliance thereon.
4. Representations to Continue in Effect; Indemnification.
4.1 Continued Effect. All representations and warranties contained in this Agreement shall be true as of the date of this Agreement and, except where limited, shall continue in effect notwithstanding any investigation conducted or knowledge acquired with respect thereto.
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4.2 Indemnification by Company. The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless and reimburse Investor for any loss, liability, claim , damage, cost, expense (including, but not limited to, costs of investigation and reasonable attorneys' fees) or diminution of value of the Note, but excluding any punitive or consequential damages (collectively, "Damages") arising from any (a) material inaccuracy in any of the representations or warranties of the Company in this Agreement or (b) material failure by the Company to comply with any agreement or obligation in this Agreement, in each case when proven and adjudicated in a final, non appealable decision of a court of competent jurisdiction.
4.3 Indemnification by Investor. [investor shall indemnify and hold harmless and reimburse the Company for any Damages arising from (a) any inaccuracy in any of the representations and warranties of Investor in this Agreement, (b) any failure by Investor to comply with any agreement or obligation in this Agreement, or (c) any claim by any Person for brokerage fees, commissions or similar payments based upon any agreement or understanding made by such Investor.
5. Conditions to Closing of lnvestor.
5.1 Condition§ to Closing. The obligations of Investor under Section 1. I ere subject to the fulfillment on or before the Closing of each of the following conditions:
(a) Each of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Section 2 hereof shall be true in all material respects at the Closing as if then made and Investor shall have received a certificate of the Manager to that eff t.
(b) The Company shall have made available to Investor all other documents required by this Agreement or otherwise reasonably requested by Investor in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder. Investor acknowledges and agrees that some or all of such documents made available to Investor in connection with the transactions contemplated hereunder contain forward looking statements concerning future events that involve material
risks and uncertainty.
6. Conditions to Closing of Company. The obligations of the Company to Investor under this Agreement are subject to the fulfillment on or before the Closing of each of the following conditions by Investor:
(a) The representations and warranties of Investor contained in Section 3 shall be true in an material respects as of the Closing as though such representations and warranties had been made on and as of the date of Closing.
(b) All authorizations, approvals or permits,, ;'if any* , of' any governmental authority or regulatory body of the United States or of any state that acquired in connection with the lawful issuance and sale of the Note pursuant to this Agreement sq l have been duly obtained and effective as of the Closing.
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7. Use of Proceeds.
The Company shall use the proceeds from the sale of the Note to fund the prosecution of its New Drug Application with the United States Food and Drug Administration for a determination of eligibility for priority review and to obtain a priority review voucher for a tafenoquine prophylactic antimalarial drug developed by the Company, and general operating and capital expenditures as reasonably determined by management, in furtherance of the Business.
8. Notices.
All notices, consents and other communications under this agreement shall be in writing or other electronic form and shall be deemed to have been duly given when (a) sent by Certified and Registered U.S. Mail, return receipt requested, or (b) delivered by hand or by recognized overnight courier, or (c) sent by facsimile (with receipt confirmed) or (d) sent via e mail (with acknowledgment of receipt by recipient}, in each case to the appropriate postal addresses. email and facsimile numbers set forth below (or to such other addresses, and facsimile numbers as a party may designate as to itself by notice to the other Parties):
| (a) | If to Investor: | ||
| Address on Signature Page Below | |||
| (b) | If to the Company: | ||
| Geoffrey S. Dow | |||
| with a copy to: | |||
| C. Thomas Hicks III, Esq. | |||
9. Miscellaneous.
9.1 Expenses. Each party shall bear its own expenses incident to the preparation, negotiation, execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance of its obligations hereunder.
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9.2 Captions. The captions in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not be given any effect in the interpretation of this Agreement.
9.3 No Waiver. The failure of a party to insist upon strict adherence to any obligation of this Agreement shall not be considered a waiver or deprive that party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of this Agreement Any waiver must be in writing.
9.4 Exclusive Agreement; Amendment. This Agreement and the other agreements and documents delivered pursuant hereto supersedes any and all other prior or contemporaneous written or oral understandings or agreements among the Parties with respect to its subject matter. This Agreement is intended (with the documents referred to herein) as a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement among the Parties with respect thereto and cannot be changed or terminated orally. This Agreement may only be amended with prior written consent of the Company and Investor.
9.5 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed electronically and/or in two (2) or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered an original.
9.6 Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by the internal laws of Washington, District of Columbia, USA, without regard to the conflicts of law principles thereof.
9.7 Attorney's Fees. In any action or proceeding brought by a party to enforce any provision of this Agreement, the prevailing party shall be entitled to recover the reasonable costs and expenses incurred by it in connection with that action or proceeding (including. but not limited to, attorneys' fees).
9.8 Designation of Forum and Consent to Jurisdiction. The Parties hereto (a) designate any state or federal court of competent jurisdiction in Washington, District of Columbia, USA, as a forum where all matters pertaining to this Agreement may be adjudicated, and (b) by the foregoing designation, consent to the exclusive jurisdiction and venue of such Court for the purpose of adjudicating all matters pertaining to this Agreement.
9.9 Waiver of Jury Trial. As a specifically bargained inducement for the other Parties to enter into this Agreement, each of the Parties waives any right it may have to have a jury participate in resolving any dispute arising out of or related to this Agreement. Instead, any such disputes resolved in court shall be resolved in a bench trial without a jury.
9.10 No Assignment. No party may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without obtaining the prior written consent of the other party (which consent may be withheld by such party in his/her/its sole and absolute discretion), provided, however, the Parties agree that Investor shall have the right at any time and from time to time to assign his/her/its rights under this Agreement or any instrument or document executed in connection herewith for estate planning purposes.
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9.11 General Cooperation. Upon request from the other party following the Closing, each party will do, execute, acknowledge and deliver or cause to be done, executed, acknowledged and delivered all and every further act, deed, conveyance, transfer and assurance necessary to better assure compliance with the terms, provisions, purposes and intents of this Agreement and all other agreements, securities and instruments contemplated hereby and thereby, and the effectiveness of the rights, benefits and remedies provided for hereby and thereby.
l0. Definitions.
As used in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings specified in this Section 10:
"Business" - Development of drugs to treat and prevent tropical diseases.
"Business Days" - any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or nationally recognized holiday or other day when banks are closed for business.
"Closing" - See Section 1.2.
"Note" - See Recital C.
"Company" — See the first paragraph of this Agreement.
"Effective Date" — See the first paragraph of this Agreement
"Governmental Agency" — The United States, any state or municipality, the government of any foreign country, any subdivision of any of the foregoing or any authority, department, commission, board, bureau, agency, court or instrumentality of any of the foregoing.
“Investor" - See the first paragraph of this Agreement.
"Material Adverse Effect" - A material adverse effect on the business, assets, results of operations, financial condition or prospects of Company.
"Party" or "Parties" - the Company or the Investor, or both, as the case may be.
"Person" — Any individual or legal entity.
"Securities Act" ·- The Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
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"Truces" - All taxes, penalties, interest, or other assessments or charges including, without limitation, income, transfer, excise, franchise, sales, use, property, employment, withholding. social security, workers' compensation., and _value added taxes and customs duties, imposed by any Governmental Agency.
"Tax Returns" -· Any return, report, information return or other document (including any related or supporting information) filed or required to be filed with any Governmental Agency in connection with any Taxes.
Other capitalized terms used in this Agreement have the meanings ascribed to them elsewhere in this Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have executed this Agreement as of the date and year first above written.
| COMPANY: | INVESTOR: | |||
| 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, | AVENTE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED | |||
| LLC | 7/F D1, KIN ON COMMERCIAL | |||
| BUILDING. SHEUNG WAN, HONG | ||||
| HONG | ||||
| "For and on behalf of | ||||
| By Geoffrey S. Dow, Manager | ||||
| WITNESS: | WITNESS: | |||
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EXHIBIT A
Form of Note
| 14 |
Exhibit 10.25
THE NOTE REPRESENTED HEREBY HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933,AS AMENDED, ANO MAY NOT BE SOLO, TRANSFERRED, ASSIGN ED, PLEDGED, OR HYPOTHECATEO UNLESS AND UNTIL REGISTERED UNDER SUCH ACT, OR UNLESS THE COMPANY HAS RECEIVED AN OPINION Of COUNSEL OR OTHER EVIDENCE, SATISFACTORY TO THE COMPANY ANO ITS COUNSEL. THAT SUCH REGISTRATION IS NOT REQUIRED.
THE PAYMENT OF THIS NOTE ANO THE RIGHTS OF THE LENDER UNDER THIS NOTE ARE SUBORDINATED TO THE PAYMENT OF SENIOR INDEBTEDNESS (AS DEFINED IN THE SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT REFERRED TO BELOW) ("SENIOR INDEBTEDNESS") AND THE RIGHTS OF THE HOLDERS OF SENIOR INDEBTEDNESS PURSUANT TO THE TERMS OF THE SUBORDINATlON AGREEMENT DATED AS OF THE DATE HEREOF (THE "SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT") BY AND AMONG 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC, KNIGHT THERAPEUTICS (BARBADOS) INC. (THE "SENIOR LENDER") AND EACH OF THE CREDITORS REFERRED TO THEREIN, INCLUDING THE LENDER UNDER THIS NOTE.
PROMISSORY NOTE
ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE: OCTOBER 11, 2017
AMOUNT PER UNIT: $250,000.00 USO
NUMBER OF UNITS: 3
PRINCIPAL AMOUNT OF NOTE: $750,000.00 USO
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC, a District of Columbia limited liability company the "Borrower" ited (the "Lender"), located at r at such other location as the om 1me o 1me m a written notice provided to the Borrower, or to any subsequent holder or permitted assignee of this promissory note (this "Note"), the principal amount of Seven Hundred Fifty Thousand and 00/100 DOLLARS ($750,000.00) (the "Principal Amount'"), upon the terms and conditions specified below. This Note is issued as part of an offering of convertible and non-convertible promissory notes (the " Offering").
The Borrower is not permitted to issue more than ten discrete units for Two Hundred and Fifty Thousand and 00/100 DOLLARS ($250,000.00) each (each, a "Unit") for a total Offering of Two Million Five Hundred Thousand and 00/100 DOLLARS ($2,500 ,000.00) in convertible and non convertible promissory notes (including this Note) as part of the Offering without the prior written consent of all existing holders of such promissory notes. All promissory notes issued for Units as part of the Offering will be issued in the principal amount of Two Hundred Fifty Thousand and 00/100 DOLLARS ($250,000.00). This Note represents three (3) Units of non-convertible promissory notes combined into one instrument.
| 1. | Maturity Date. The "Maturity Date" of the Note shall be the earlier of: |
| a. | the presale of a Priority Review Voucher ("PRV Presale") by the Borrower after the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) confirms the Borrower's eligibility for a New Drug Application (NOA); or |
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| b. | the sale of a Priority Review Voucher ("'PRV" ) by the Borrower previously granted by the USF DA to the Borrower for a tafenoquine prophylactic antimalarial drug ("PRV Voucher Sale"); or |
| c. | Sixty (60) days after the date on which the Senior indebtedness is indefeasibly paid in full and the Senior Lender has terminated the Subordination Agreement pursuant to Section 2 2 thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, no payments of principal, pursuant to this Section I or of interest, pursuant to Section 2 below, shall be made by Borrower to Lender unless permitted by the terms of the Subordination Agreement. |
2. Interest. The outstanding Principal Amount and accrued interest of this Note shall bear interest from the date the Note is issued at the rate of five percent (5%) per annum for the first six months, and thereafter at the rate of ten percent ( I 0%) per annum. Interest shall accrue on a calendar year quarterly basis (Mar 31, Jun 30, Sep 30, Dec 31) and at Maturity and be payable in arrears on Maturity.
3. Preferred Units. If proceeds of at least Seven Hundred Fifty Thousand and 00/100 DOLLARS ($750,000.00) from the sale of Units as part of the Offering are received by the Borrower by October 13, 2017 or in case of wire transfer delays proof of copy of remittance that funds were sent on October 13, 2017 and received no later than October 18 , 20 17, then all Units (both convertible and non-convertible) for which the proceeds are received by the Borrower prior to that date will be deemed Preferred Units eligible to receive an exclusive pro rata bonus share of2% of the gross proceeds of a PRV Sale or a PRV Presale. If the minimum offering proceeds of Seven Hundred Fifty Thousand and 00/100 DOLLARS ($750,000.00) are not received by October 13, 2017 or proof of remittance on that date, then all Units issued under this offering will be deemed to be Preferred Units .
4. PRV Distributions, Repayment of Principal, and Interest. Immediately following the date of closing a PRV Voucher Sale or PRY Pre-sale, the Borrower will satisfy its Knight Obligation, and thereafter make, within ten (10) days, the following distributions to each holder of one or more Units issued as part of the Offering (both convertible and non-convertible), including the Lender and the Founders, in the event either or both purchase such Units:
| A. | payment in full of the Principal Amount of each Unit; and |
| B. | payment in full of the interest accrued under each Unit; and |
| C. | and one percent (1%) of the gross proceeds from any PRV Sale or PRV Presale for each Unit owned; and if |
| D. | the Unit is deemed to be a Preferred Unit then the Lender will receive a bonus pro rata share of two percent (2%) of gross proceeds from the PRV Sale or PRV Presale calculated as follows: amount of the gross proceeds from the PRV Sale or PRV Pre- Sale in US dollars ($US), multiplied by two percent (2%), multiplied by a quotient equal to the number of Preferred Units held by the Lender, divided by the total number of Preferred Units purchased under the Offering. |
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5. Prepayment. Borrower may not prepay any portion of the Principal Amount of this Note prior to the Maturity Date.
6. Conversion Option. The Lender shall have the option to exercise a conversion of their debt into shares of the Borrower:
| A. | Exercise Price: Pre-money value of the Borrower will be set at the lower of $32.835M USO (approximately 16,417,500 units outstanding at $2 per unit) or a valuation agreed with a third party that is lower than $32.835M. In the event the agreed valuation is $32.835M, each $250,000 USO note will convert to 125,000 units of Borrower stock. |
| B. | Option Period: The Lender's option to convert begins at the Maturity date and shall expire 30 days later. |
| C. | No Interest Payment and Conversion of Principal: Interest will not be paid if Lender elects to convert the outstanding Principal of this Note to Equity. In the event the Lender elects to convert, the Principal will be converted to equity in the Borrower per above and the Note will be retired. |
| D. | Subscription Agreement: Investor will sign a stand-alone subscription agreement which will contain the form for the Lender to exercise its right of conversion and to join in the operating agreement of the Company. |
7. Rank. The right to payment under this Note will be in priority relative to the right to payment under other non-convertible promissory notes issued by the Borrower as part of the Offering that have substantially the same terms and conditions as this Note other than principal amount (together with this Note, the " Borrower Issued Notes"). The Borrower will inform the Lender when/if additional Notes arc subscribed under this offering.
8. Events of Acceleration. The entire unpaid Principal Amount under this Note shall become immediately due and payable, subordinate to the Borrower's obligation to pay in full the First Knight Obligation, upon (i) admission by the Borrower of its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, (ii) the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by the Borrower, (iii) the execution by the Borrower of a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or (iv) the filing by or against the Borrower of a petition in bankruptcy or a petition for relief under the provisions of the federal bankruptcy code or another state or federal law for the relief of debtors and the continuation of such petition without dismissal for a period of ninety (90) days or more.
9. Amendment and Waiver. This Note may be amended or a provision hereof waived only in a writing signed by both the Borrower and the Lender.
10. Severability. The unenforceability or invalidity of any provision or provisions of this Note as to any person, entity, or circumstance shall not render that provision or those provisions unenforceable or invalid as to any other provisions or circumstances, and all provisions hereof, in all other respects, shall remain valid and enforceable.
| 3 |
11. Assignment. This Note is not assignable by the Lender without the Borrower's prior written consent, which consent may be withheld in the Borrower's sole and absolute discretion.
12. Notices. All notices, demands and requests of any kind to be delivered to any party in connection with this Note shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if personally delivered, sent by facsimile or electronic mail, or if sent by nationally-recognized overnight courier or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, to the address set forth in this Note or to such other address as the party to whom notice is to be given may have furnished to the other party hereto in writing in accordance with the provisions of this Section 12. Any such notice or communication shall be deemed to have been received (i) in the case of personal delivery, on the date of such delivery, (ii) in the case of facsimile or electronic mail, when receipt is confirmed, (iii) in the case of nationally-recognized overnight courier, on the next business day after the date when sent, and (iv) in the case of mailing, on the third business day following that on which the piece of mail containing such communication is posted.
13. Legal Matters. The validity, construction, enforcement, and interpretation of this Note are governed by the laws of Washington, District of Columbia, USA and the federal laws of the United States of America, without regard to principles of conflict of laws. The Borrower and the Lender (a) consent to the personal jurisdiction of the city and federal courts having jurisdiction in Washington, District of Columbia, USA, (b) stipulate that the proper, exclusive and convenient venue of any legal proceeding arising out of this Note is Washington, District of Columbia, USA, for city court proceedings, and the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, for federal district court proceedings, and (c) waive any defense, whether asserted by a motion or pleading, that Washington, District of Columbia, USA or the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia is an improper or inconvenient venue.
14. No Rights as a Member. Nothing contained in this Note shall be construed as conferring upon the Lender or any other person the right to vote or to consent or to receive notices as a member in respect of meetings of members of the Borrower or any other matters or any rights whatsoever as a member of the Borrower, and no distributions shall be payable or accrued in respect of this Note or the interest represented hereby until Maturity.
15. Further Assurances. From time to time, the Lender, at the Borrower's reasonable request, shall execute and deliver such other instruments and do and perform such other acts as required to confirm the Lender' s rights under this Note.
16. Deposit Upon Closing.. Upon closing the purchase of this Note, the full Principle Amount shall be sent via wire transfer by the Lender to the Bank of America, N.A. Account of the Borrower.
SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS
| 4 |
IN WITNESS HEREOF ,this Note has been executed by the Borrower and delivered to the Lender as of the date first above written.
| BORROWER | LENDER | |||
| 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC | ||||
| a District of Columbia limited liability company | ||||
| By: | ||||
| Name: | Geoffrey. Dow, Manager | Name: | ||
| Title: | ||||
| WITNESS: | WITNESS: | JUN ZOV | ||
| TYRONE MILLER | ||||
| Chief Financial Officer | ||||
| 5 |
Exhibit 10.27
CONVERTIBLE PROMISSORY NOTE
ORIGINAL ISSUE DATE: DECEMBER 31ST 2016
PRINCIPAL AMOUNT: $ 1$4bI 000 4 00 USD
FOR VALUE RECEIVED, 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC, a District of Columbia limited liability company (the "Borrower"), promises to pay to a, J)ow , or an subsequent holder or permitted assignee of this Note (the "Lender"), located at or at such other location as the Lender may determine! to time in a written notice provided to the Borrower, the principal amount of 4-J:f :Z, 't hou s and and 00/100 DOLLARS ($ 3.40, ()tJ{J .00) (the "Principal Amount"), up6tl the terms and conditions specified below. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no payment of the Principal Amount under this Note shall be required to the extent that such Principal Amount has been converted pursuant to Section 4 of this Note.
The Borrower is not permitted to issue more than $750,000 in convertible notes (including this Note) issued as part of the offering under which this Note was issued (the "Offering") without the prior written consent of all existing holders of such convertible notes.
1. Maturity Date. The "Maturity Date" of the Note shall be the earlier of the date on which payment in full is made under a loan of up to $5,000,000 to the Borrower from Knight Therapeutics (Barbados), Inc. under that certain Loan Agreement and Engagement dated as of December 10, 2015 (the "First Knight Obligation"), and:
| a. | the sale of a Priority Review Voucher ("PRV") by the Borrower previously granted by the United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) to the Borrower for a tafenoquine prophylactic antimalarial drug (the "PRV Voucher Sale"); or |
| b. | the presale of such a PRV to someone other than the Borrower, or another business transaction or agreement that would prevent the Borrower from obtaining a PRV; or |
| c. | tafenoquine has been approved by the USFDA for use for another indication but not for malaria prophylaxis; |
| 2. | Interest. The outstanding Principal Amount of this Note shall not bear interest. |
| 3. | Distributions. |
| a. | The Lender shall be eligible for certain distributions with respect to this Note until it is fully converted to Class II Units (defined below). After payment from net proceeds of a PRV of the First Knight Obligation and up to an additional $3,000,000 and accrued interest from Knight Therapeutics (Barbados), Inc. under further Knight loans, the Borrower shall distribute, prior to conversion of the convertible notes (including this Note) issued as part of the Offering, the remaining net proceeds of the PRV Voucher Sale in the manner and priority as follows: |
| 1 |
| (i) | to the Lender his/her/its pro rata share, together with payments to other holders of all convertible notes (including the Note) issued as part of the Offering, as payment in full of the entire outstanding Principal Amount under the Note (therefore, since the maximum permitted value of convertible notes issued as part of the Offering is $750,000, then a maximum aggregate amount of up to $750,000 may be distributed); |
| (ii) | to the Lender his/her/its pro rata share, together with payments to other holders of all convertible notes (including the Note) issued as part of the Offering, in an amount up to the principal amount of convertible notes issued as part of the Offering multiplied by four (4) (therefore, since the maximum permitted value of convertible notes issued as part of the Offering is $750,000 then a maximum aggregate amount of up to $3,000,000 of the principal amounts under such convertible notes may be distributed); and |
| (iii) | to the Lender his/her/its pro rata share, pari passu, together with distributions to all other holders of convertible notes (including the Founders, in the event either or both purchase such convertible notes) issued as part of the Offering in proportion to their percentage of the Offering, of up to 5.03% of remaining net proceeds of the PRV Voucher Sale available for distribution to existing holders of Class I and II units immediately prior to the Offering and the holders of convertible notes (including this Note) issued under the Offering. |
| b. | Following the Principal Amount being converted pursuant to Section 5 below, all distributions to the Lender set forth in Section 3.a., if any, which could have been made because sufficient "net proceeds" (as defined in Section 3.c.) were available, but have not yet been distributed, shall be made with respect to Class II Units into which the Principal Amount has been converted. For the purpose of avoiding doubt, holders of convertible notes will be eligible for payment in full of the distributions required under Section 3.a. only if sufficient "net proceeds" as defined in Section 3.c. are derived from a PRV sale as defined in Section l .a. |
| c. | The term "net proceeds" of a PRV Voucher Sale for the purpose of subsection 3.a. shall mean the proceeds available to the
Borrower to distribute from gross proceeds of the PRV Voucher Sale after first repaying loans as described in 3a., and making distributions
to other parties as required by contract. In the event of a PRV Voucher Sale no greater than $22,500,000, net proceeds available to the
Borrower to distribute to holders of convertible notes issued as part of the Offering will represent 81% of the gross proceeds of sale.
In addition in the event of a PRV Voucher Sale greater than $22,500,000 but no greater than $60,000,000, the Borrower will have available for distribution to such holders of convertible notes an additional 41% of every $1.00 over $22,500,000, up to $60,000,000. In addition in the event of a PRV Voucher Sale greater than $60,000,000, the Borrower will have available for distribution to such holders of convertible notes an additional 31% of every $1.00 over $60,000,000. |
| 2 |
| 4. | "Prepayment. Borrower may not prepay any portion of the Principal Amount of this Note prior to the Maturity Date. |
| 5. | Conversion. |
a. Conversion. The Principal Amount shall be converted at and as of the Maturity Date into fully paid and non-assessable non-voting Class II Units of the Borrower ("Class II Units") that have identical rights, restrictions, preferences and privileges as all other holders of Class II Units of the Borrower outstanding as of the conversion date pursuant to the Lender transmitting to the Borrower a copy of an executed notice of conversion, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A.
b. Conversion Ratio. The number of Class II Units into which this Note shall be converted pursuant to this Section 5 shall be the number determined by dividing the Principal of this note by $1.
c. Fractional Shares. If the conversion of this Note in accordance with this Section 5 would result in the issuance of a fraction of a Class II Unit, then the Borrower shall round such fraction of a Class II Unit to the nearest whole Class II Unit.
d. Joinder to Operating Agreement. As a condition to receiving Class II Units from the Borrower, upon the Lender's conversion of this Note, the Lender shall execute and transmit to the Borrower a joinder, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B, to the Borrower's then existing Operating Agreement, and shall agree to be bound by its terms.
6. Rank. The right to payment under this Note will be pari passu with the right to payment under all other notes issued by the Borrower as part of the Offering that have substantially the same terms and conditions as this Note other than principal amount (together with this Note, the "Borrower Issued Convertible Notes"). Any payments on the Borrower Issued Convertible Notes will be made pro rata to all the holders of the Borrower Issued Convertible Notes based on the principal amounts of such Borrower Issued Convertible Notes.
7. Events of Acceleration. The entire unpaid Principal Amount under this Note shall become immediately due and payable, subordinate to the Borrower's obligation to pay in full the First Knight Obligation, upon (i) admission by the Borrower of its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, (ii) the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by the Borrower, (iii) the execution by the Borrower of a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or (iv) the filing by or against the Borrower of a petition in bankruptcy or a petition for relief under the provisions of the federal bankruptcy code or another state or federal law for the relief of debtors and the continuation of such petition without dismissal for a period of ninety (90) days or more.
9. Amendment and Waiver. This Note may be amended or a provision hereof waived only in a writing signed by both the Borrower and the Lender.
10. Severability. The unenforceability or invalidity of any provision or provisions of this Note as to any person, entity, or circumstance shall not render that provision or those provisions unenforceable or invalid as to any other provisions or circumstances, and all provisions hereof, in all other respects, shall remain valid and enforceable.
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11. Assignment. This Note is not assignable by the Lender without the Borrower's prior written consent, which consent may be withheld in the Borrower's sole and absolute discretion.
12. Notices. All notices, demands and requests of any kind to be delivered to any party in connection with this Note shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if personally delivered, sent by facsimile or if sent by nationally-recognized overnight courier or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, to the address set forth in this Note or to such other address as the party to whom notice is to be given may have furnished to the other party hereto in writing in accordance with the provisions of this Section 12. Any such notice or communication shall be deemed to have been received (i) in the case of personal delivery, on the date of such delivery, (ii) in the case of facsimile, when receipt is confirmed, (iii) in the case of nationally-recognized overnight courier, on the next business day after the date when sent, and (iv) in the case of mailing, on the third business day following that on which the piece of mail containing such communication is posted.
13. Legal Matters. The validity, construction, enforcement, and interpretation of this Note are governed by the laws of Washington, District of Columbia, USA and the federal laws of the United States of America, without regard to principles of conflict of laws. The Borrower and the Lender (a) consent to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts having jurisdiction in Washington, District of Columbia, USA, (b) stipulate that the proper, exclusive and convenient venue of any legal proceeding arising out of this Note is Washington, District of Columbia, USA, for state court proceedings, and the U.S District Court for the District of Columbia, for federal district court proceedings, and (c) waive any defense, whether asserted by a motion or pleading, that Washington, District of Columbia, USA or the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia is an improper or inconvenient venue.
14. No Rights as a Member. Nothing contained in this Note shall be construed as conferring upon the Lender or any other person the right to vote or to consent or to receive notices as a member in respect of meetings of members of the Borrower or any other matters or any rights whatsoever as a member of the Borrower, and no distributions shall be payable or accrued in respect of this Note or the interest represented hereby or the Class II Units obtainable hereunder, until, and only to the extent that, this Note shall have been converted.
15. Further Assurances. From time to time, the Lender, at the Borrower's reasonable request, shall execute and deliver such other instruments and do and perform such other acts as required to confirm the Lender's rights under this Note.
16. Escrow. Upon closing the purchase of this Note, the full Principle Amount shall be sent via wire transfer by the Lender to the Bank of America, N.A. Account of the Borrower.
IN WITNESS HEREOF, this Note has been executed by the Borrower and delivered to the Lender as of the date first above written.
| BORROWER | LENDER |
| 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC |
| 4 |
a District of Columbia limited liability company
| By: | /s/ Tyrone Miller | /s/ Geoffrey Dow | |||
| Name: Tyrone Miller | Name: Geoffrey Dow | ||||
| Partner | |||||
| 5 |
Exhibit A
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC CONVERSION NOTICE
Reference is made to the Convertible Promissory Note (the "Note") issued to the undersigned by 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC (the " Company"). In accordance with and pursuant to the Note, the undersigned hereby elects to convert the Principal Amount (as defined in the Note) indicated below into non-voting Class II Units of membership ("Class II Units") of the Company as of the date specified below.
|
Date of Conversion: |
|
| Aggregate Principal Amount to be converted | |
| Please confirm the following information: | |
| Number of Class II Units to be issued: |
Please issue the Class II Units into which the Note is being converted in the following name and to the following address:
| Name: | ||
| Address: | ||
| By: | ||
| Title: | ||
| Dated: |
| 6 |
Exhibit B
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC JOINDER TO OPERATING AGREEMENT
The undersigned acknowledges that he, she or it has been provided with a copy of the 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC Operating Agreement in effect as of the date below (the "Operating Agreement"). The undersigned further acknowledges and agrees to be bound by all of the terms of the Operating Agreement to the same extent as if he, she or it had been an original party thereto. All capitalized terms not defined herein have the meaning set forth in the Operating Agreement.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has (have) executed this Joinder to the Operating Agreement this_ day of
____________,2016.
| Printed Name of Member: | |
| Printed Name of Co-Member (if any) If an Entity: | |
| Printed Name of Entity: | |
| Address: | |
| Signature of Member: | |
| Signature of Co-Member: | |
| Signature of Authorized | |
| Person Print Name: | |
| Print Title: |
| 7 |
Exhibit 10.28
AGREEMENT TO CONSOLIDATE AND CONVERT EXISTING DEBT
This Agreement to Consolidate and Convert Related Party Debt (the “Agreement”) is made effective as 31st December 2021 between 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company organized and operating under the laws of Washington, District of Columbia (“Company”), and Geoffrey Dow (“Creditor”), as follows:
| A. | Creditor has made the following loans, totaling $3,445,489 to the Company: |
1. Dow Long Term Loan ($1,596,750 Principal; $259,058 Interest at 12/31/21)
2. Dow 2019 & 2020 Paid In Capital @ AFR ($450,000 Principal, $25,008 interest at 12/31/21)
3. Dow Debenture ($596,389 at 12/31/21)
4. Dow 300K Loan associated with debenture ($300,000 Principal, $218,284 Interest at 12/31/21)
| B. | Company requires consolidation then conversion of all related party debt to prepare for future financing events. |
| C. | The Creditor agrees to this consolidation and conversion of debt into 3,426,489 new membership interest in 60 Degree Pharmaceuticals, effective as of 12/31/21. |
| D. | The Creditor is already a member of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals LLC |
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, the mutual promises contained herein, and other good and valuable consideration, receipt and sufficiency is acknowledged by the Parties:
| 1. | Creditor hereby agrees to permit Company to convert the Debt to equity in Company in the form of an economic interest in Company on the books of Company (”Economic Interest”) measured in terms of percentage of equity in Company held pari passu by Members and holders of Economic Interests who are not Members. |
| 2. | Economic Interest in Company is defined under Company’s Eight Amended and Restated Operating Agreement dated as of 31 December 2021 (the “Operating Agreement”) as the (a) right to a distributive share of the income, gain, losses and deductions of the Company in accordance with this Agreement, and (b) right to a distributive share of Company Assets. This constitutes all financial benefits available from Company which are allocated and distributed under the terms of the Operating Agreement. The difference between Members and mere holders of an Economic Interest is that the latter have no right to vote or participate in management of Company. |
| 60° PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC | for CRE | |||
| By:_ | By: | |||
| Authorized Agent | Geoffrey Dow | |||
60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC Agreement to Convert Debt to Equity |
Exhibit 10.29
AGREEMENT TO CONVERT DEBT TO EQUITY
This Agreement to Convert Debt to Equity (the “Agreement”) effective as of the 31st day of December, 2021 between 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company organized and operating under the laws of Washington, District of Columbia (“Company”), and Geoffrey Dow (“Creditor”), as follows:
| A. | Creditor has loaned US $448,500 (the “Debt”) to Company in consideration of receiving a promissory note. The terms of that Promissory note require conversion to equity, and the Company has administratively considered the Debt to be converted for tax purposes. |
| B. | Company requires all debt-related administrative paperwork to be updated in preparation for future financing events |
| C. | As a component of updating the Companies’ administrative paperwork, Company has requested that Creditor agree to convert the Debt to membership interests in the partnership and Creditor has agreed to do so. |
| D. | The Creditor is already a member of the Company. |
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, the mutual promises contained herein, and other good and valuable consideration, receipt and sufficiency is acknowledged by the Parties:
| 1. | Creditor hereby agrees to permit Company to convert the Debt to equity in Company in the form of an economic interest in Company on the books of Company (”Economic Interest”) measured in terms of percentage of equity in Company held pari passu by Members and holders of Economic Interests who are not Members. |
| 2. | Economic Interest in Company is defined under Company’s Seventh Amended and Restated Operating Agreement dated as of 26 September 2018 (the “Operating Agreement”) as the (a) right to a distributive share of the income, gain, losses and deductions of the Company in accordance with this Agreement, and (b) right to a distributive share of Company Assets. This constitutes all financial benefits available from Company which are allocated and distributed under the terms of the Operating Agreement. The difference between Members and mere holders of an Economic Interest is that the latter have no right to vote or participate in management of Company. |
60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC Agreement to Convert Debt to Equity |
| 3. | All capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the meaning ascribed to such terms in the Operating Agreement. |
| 60° PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC | for CREDITOR | |||
| By:_ | By: | |||
| Authorized Agent | Geoffrey Dow | |||
| 2 |
60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC Agreement to Convert Debt to Equity |
Exhibit 10.32
AGREEMENT TO CONVERT DEBT TO EQUITY
This Agreement to Convert Debt to Equity (the “Agreement”) is made effective as of the 31st day of December, 2021 between 60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a limited liability company organized and operating under the laws of Washington, District of Columbia ( “Company”), and Ty Miller (“Creditor”), as follows:
| A. | Creditor has loaned US $20,000 (the “Debt”) to Company in consideration of receiving a promissory note. The terms of that Promissory note require conversion to equity, and the Company has administratively considered the Debt to be converted for tax purposes. |
| B. | Company requires all debt-related administrative paperwork to be updated in preparation for future financing events |
| C. | As a component of updating the Companies’ administrative paperwork, Company has requested that Creditor agree to convert the Debt to membership units in the partnership and Creditor has agreed to do so. |
| D. | The Creditor is already a member of the Company. |
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, the mutual promises contained herein, and other good and valuable consideration, receipt and sufficiency is acknowledged by the Parties:
| 1. | Creditor hereby agrees to permit Company to convert the Debt to equity in Company in the form of an economic interest in Company on the books of Company (”Economic Interest”) measured in terms of percentage of equity in Company held pari passu by Members and holders of Economic Interests who are not Members. |
| 2. | Economic Interest in Company is defined under Company’s Seventh Amended and Restated Operating Agreement dated as of 26 September 2018 (the “Operating Agreement”) as the (a) right to a distributive share of the income, gain, losses and deductions of the Company in accordance with this Agreement, and (b) right to a distributive share of Company Assets. This constitutes all financial benefits available from Company which are allocated and distributed under the terms of the Operating Agreement. The difference between Members and mere holders of an Economic Interest is that the latter have no right to vote or participate in management of Company. |
60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC Agreement to Convert Debt to Equity
| 3. | All capitalized terms in this Agreement shall have the meaning ascribed to such terms in the Operating Agreement. |
| 60° PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC | for CREDITOR |
| By: | By: |
| Founder | Ty Miller |
60° Pharmaceuticals, LLC Agreement to Convert Debt to Equity
| 2 |
Exhibit 10.37
AGREEMENT and PLAN OF MERGER
of
60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC
This Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Plan”) for 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC, a District of Columbia limited liability company (the “Company”), is made and entered into effective as of June 1, 2022 in accordance with the terms of the Company’s Eighth Amended and Restated Operating Agreement, dated as of December 31, 2021 (the “LLC Agreement”), the
District of Columbia Limited Liability Company Act (the “DC Act”), and the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”). Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Plan have the meanings ascribed to such terms in the LLC Agreement.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, the Company is a limited liability company, formed on September 9, 2010 by the filing of Articles of Organization with the District of Columbia Department of Consumer and Regulatory Affairs Corporations Division (the “DCRA”) pursuant to and in accordance with the DC Act;
WHEREAS, under the terms of the LLC Agreement, the Company is managed by the manager;
WHEREAS, the Company has incorporated as a Delaware corporation effective June 1, 2022, as managed by the sole director;
WHEREAS, the Company wishes to merge with the Delaware corporation effective June 1, 2022;
WHEREAS, a District of Columbia limited liability company may merge into a Delaware corporation under Title 8, Section 264(c) of the DGCL and Section § 29–809.02 of the DC Act;
WHEREAS, it is intended that the merger of the Company will be treated as an exchange pursuant to Section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) for US federal income tax purposes; and
WHEREAS, the manager and the members have approved the merger of the Company into a Delaware corporation (the “Merger”) and the terms of the Plan.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Company does hereby adopt this Plan to effect the merger as follows:
Article 1
TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF CONVERSION
1. Name of Converting Entity. The name of the converting entity is 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC.
2. Name of Converted Entity. The name of the converted entity is 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the “Corporation”), which is incorporated in Delaware concurrent with the filing of the Certificate of Merger.
3. Certificate of Merger. Pursuant to Title 8, Section 264(c) of the DGCL, the Company shall cause to be filed with the Delaware Secretary of State a certificate of merger in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Certificate of Merger”).
4. Effective Date. The Merger shall become effective at the time of filing the Certificate of Merger with the Secretary of State (the “Effective Time”).
5. Merger. At the Effective Time, the Company shall continue its existence in the organizational form of a Delaware corporation. The Company’s LLC Agreement shall be terminated and of no further force or effect and shall be superseded in their entirety by the Certificate of Incorporation (as defined in Section 9 below) and the By-Laws (as defined in Section 10 below), and no party shall have any further rights, duties, or obligations pursuant to the Company’s LLC Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the termination of the LLC Agreement shall not relieve any party thereto from any liability arising in connection with any breach by such party of the LLC Agreement.
6. Approval. This Plan has been approved by the Manager and by the Members holding more than fifty percent (50%) of all outstanding membership interests.
7. Merger of Membership Interests. The value of each outstanding members ‘membership interest in the Company as set forth in the LLC Agreement shall, without any action on the part of any holder thereof, be automatically converted into common stock in the Corporation, par value $.0001 (the “Common Stock”), equal to five dollars ($5.00) per share of Common Stock. No fractional shares shall be issued in connection with the Merger.
| Shares | Percentage Ownership | |||||||
| Geoffrey Dow | 1,888,975 | 80.42 | % | |||||
| Douglas Look | 165,938 | 7.06 | % | |||||
| Tyrone Miller | 294,029 | 12.52 | % | |||||
| TOTAL | 2,348,942 | 100 | % | |||||
| 2 |
The shares of Common Stock into which the membership interests shall be converted at the Effective Time have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) or the securities laws of the District of Columbia or any state and may not be transferred, pledged, or hypothecated except as permitted under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws pursuant to registration or exemption therefrom; any certificates evidencing the Common Stock, if any, or any other securities issued in respect of the Common Stock upon any split, dividend, recapitalization, merger, consolidation, or similar event shall bear any legend required by the Corporation, required under the Securities Act and application state securities laws, or called for by an agreement between the Corporation and any stockholder.
8. Rights and Liabilities. At the Effective Time:
8.1 All the rights, privileges, and powers of the Company and all property and all debts due to the Company, as well as all other things and causes of action belonging to the Company, shall remain vested in the Corporation and shall be the property of the Corporation.
8.2 All actions and resolutions of the manager and the member, as applicable, taken or adopted from the inception of the Company prior to the Effective Time shall continue in full force and effect as if the Corporation’s board of directors and the stockholders, respectively, had taken such actions and adopted such resolutions.
8.3 All rights of creditors and all liens upon any property of the Company shall be preserved unimpaired, and all debts, liabilities, and duties of the Company shall remain attached to the Corporation and may be enforced against the Corporation to the same extent as if said debts, liabilities, and duties had originally been incurred or contracted by the Corporation in its capacity as a Delaware corporation.
9. Certificate of Incorporation. A certificate of incorporation of the Corporation in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) shall be filed with the Secretary of State.
10. By-Laws. The by-laws of the Corporation shall be substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (the “By-Laws”).]
11. Board of Directors; Officers. Pursuant to an Organizational Action by Sole Incorporator substantially in the form attached hereto as D, which shall be executed immediately following the filing of the Certificate of Incorporation, the initial directors of the Corporation shall be elected and shall hold such office until the first annual meeting of stockholders, or until his or her successor shall have been duly elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier death, resignation, or removal. Thereafter, immediately following the filing of the Organizational Action by Sole Incorporator, the initial director shall ratify and approve the by-laws of the Corporation substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C (the “Bylaws”) and elect the officers of the Corporation.
| 3 |
12. US Federal Income Tax Consequences. The Merger has been structured to be treated, for US federal income tax purposes, as if the Company transferred its assets to the Corporation for shares of the Corporation’s common stock pursuant to an exchange described in Section 351 of the Code, followed by a distribution of the shares of the Corporation’s common stock to the members in liquidation of the Company, as described in Rev. Rul. 200459.
13. Amendment or Termination. This Plan may be amended or terminated by the Company and the Merger may be abandoned at any time prior to the Effective Date by the managers, except that the Plan may not be so amended without the written consent of the Members if the effect of such amendment materially alters the rights and obligations of the Members after the Merger.
14. Counterparts. This Plan may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall be deemed to be one and the same agreement. A signed copy of this Plan delivered by facsimile, email, or other means of Electronic Transmission shall be deemed to have the same legal effect as delivery of an original signed copy of this Plan.
15. Governing Law. All issues and questions concerning the application, construction, validity, interpretation, and enforcement of this Plan shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to any choice or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of Delaware or any other jurisdiction) that would cause the application of laws of any jurisdiction other than those of the State of Delaware.
[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]
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EXHIBIT A
CERTIFICATE OF MERGER
[ATTACHMENT]
| 5 |
EXHIBIT B
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
[ATTACHMENT]
| 6 |
EXHIBIT C
BY-LAWS OF 60 DEGREES PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
[ATTACHMENT]
| 7 |
EXHIBIT D
ORGANIZATIONAL ACTION BY SOLE INCORPORATOR
[ATTACHMENT]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, having been duly authorized, hereby adopt this Plan as of the date set forth above.
| 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC | ||
| By | /s/ GEOFF DOW | |
| GEOFF DOW, SOLE MANAGER | ||
| 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | ||
| By | /s/ GEOFF DOW | |
| GEOFF DOW, SOLE DIRECTOR | ||
| 9 |
Exhibit 21.1
List of Subsidiaries of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
| Name of Subsidiary | Jurisdiction of Organization | |
| 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, LLC | District of Columbia | |
| 60P Australia Pty Ltd | Australia | |
| 60P Singapore PTE, LTD | Singapore |
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation in the Registration Statement of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. on Form S-1 Amendment No. 3 of our report dated October 17, 2022 which includes an explanatory paragraph as to the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, with respect to our audits of the financial statements of 60⁰ Pharmaceuticals, LLC as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and for the each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2021.
We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in the Prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement.
| /s/ RBSM LLP |
Las Vegas, Nevada
January 30, 2023
Exhibit 99.1
Consent of Director Nominee
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is filing a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333- ) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in connection with the initial public offering of common stock of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. In connection therewith, I hereby consent, pursuant to Rule 438 of the Securities Act, to being named as a nominee to the Board of Directors of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in the Registration Statement, as may be amended from time to time. I also consent to the filing of this consent as an exhibit to such Registration Statement and any amendments thereto.
| /s/ Charles Allen | |
| Name: Charles Allen |
Exhibit 99.2
Consent of Director Nominee
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is filing a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333- ) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in connection with the initial public offering of common stock of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. In connection therewith, I hereby consent, pursuant to Rule 438 of the Securities Act, to being named as a nominee to the Board of Directors of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in the Registration Statement, as may be amended from time to time. I also consent to the filing of this consent as an exhibit to such Registration Statement and any amendments thereto.
| /s/ Cheryl Xu | |
| Name: Cheryl Xu |
Exhibit 99.3
Consent of Director Nominee
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is filing a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333- ) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in connection with the initial public offering of common stock of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. In connection therewith, I hereby consent, pursuant to Rule 438 of the Securities Act, to being named as a nominee to the Board of Directors of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in the Registration Statement, as may be amended from time to time. I also consent to the filing of this consent as an exhibit to such Registration Statement and any amendments thereto.
| /s/ Stephen Toovey | ||
| Name: | Stephen Toovey | |
| 07/12/2022 |
Exhibit 99.4
Consent of Director Nominee
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is filing a Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333- ) with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in connection with the initial public offering of common stock of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. In connection therewith, I hereby consent, pursuant to Rule 438 of the Securities Act, to being named as a nominee to the Board of Directors of 60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in the Registration Statement, as may be amended from time to time. I also consent to the filing of this consent as an exhibit to such Registration Statement and any amendments thereto.
| /s/ Paul Field | ||
| Name: | Paul Field |
Exhibit 107
Calculation of Filing Fee Tables
Form S-1
60 Degrees Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Table 1: Newly Registered Securities
| Security | Security Class |
Fee Calculation | Amount | Maximum | Maximum Aggregate | Fee | Amount of Registration | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Type | Title | Rule | Registered (1) | Offering Price | Offering (1) | Rate | Fee | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Fees to Be Paid | Other | Units, consisting of one share of Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and one Warrant to purchase one share of Common Stock | 457(o) | 1,219,512 | $ | 6.15 | $ | 7,500,000 | 0.0001102 | $ | 826.50 | |||||||||||||||||
| Fees to Be Paid | Equity | Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, included in the Units (3) | 457(g) | — | — | — | — | (6) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Fees to Be Paid | Equity | Warrants included in the Units (3) | 457(g) | — | — | — | — | — | (6) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fees to Be Paid | Equity | Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, underlying the Warrants included in the Units (4) | 457(o) | 1,219,512 | $ | 7.0725 | $ | 8,624,999 | 0.0001102 | $ | 950.47 | |||||||||||||||||
| Fees to Be Paid | Equity | Overallotment Option Shares of Common Stock (2) | 457(o) | 182,927 | $ | 6.15 | $ | 1,125,002 | 0.0001102 | $ | 123.98 | |||||||||||||||||
| Fees to Be Paid | Equity | Overallotment Option Shares of Common Stock underlying the Warrants (2) | 457(o) | 182,927 | $ | 7.0725 | $ | 1,293,752 | 0.0001102 | $ | 142.57 | |||||||||||||||||
| Fees to Be Paid | Equity | Representative’s Warrants (7) | 457(g) | — | — | — | — | — | (6) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fees to Be Paid | Equity | Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, underlying Representative Warrants (2) (5)(6) | 457(o) | 84,146 | $ | 6.765 | $ | 569,248 | 0.0001102 | $ | 62.73 | |||||||||||||||||
| Fees to Be Paid | Equity | Common Stock to be sold by Selling Stockholders | 457(o) | 1,916,727 | $ | 6.15 | $ | 11,787,872 | 0.0001102 | $ | 1,299.02 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Offering Amounts | $ | 30,900,873 | 0.0001102 | $ | 3,405.28 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Fees Previously Paid | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Fee Offsets | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Fee Due | $ | 3,405.28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (1) | Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the amount of the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457 under the Securities Act. Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), there is also being registered hereby such indeterminate number of additional shares of common stock as may be issued or issuable because of stock splits, stock dividends and similar transactions. |
| (2) | Includes an additional 15% related to the exercise in full of the over-allotment option by the underwriters. |
| (3) | These shares of Common Stock and Warrants are included in the Units. |
| (4) | The Warrant included in the Unit is exercisable at 115% of the Unit offering price. |
| (5) | Includes shares that the underwriters have the option to purchase through exercise of the Underwriter Warrants. |
| (6) | Represents common stock underlying the warrants (the “Underwriter Warrants”) issuable to the representative of the underwriters to purchase up to an aggregate of 6.0% of the common stock sold in the offering at an exercise price equal to 110% of the public offering price per security. Assuming exercise in full of the over-allotment option, consists of 84,146 shares of common stock issuable to the representative of the underwriters. |
| (7) | No additional registration fee is payable pursuant to Rule 457(g) under the Securities Act. |